DE2122032A1 - Control systems - Google Patents

Description

DIPL PHYS DR J I = RICKE DR.-ING. R. DÖRING DIPL.-PHYS. DR. J. FRICKE

BRAUNSCHWEIG MUNICH

1489

The A.P.T. Company, limited

Manor Royal.
• Crawley, Sussex, England

Tax system

The invention relates to control systems.

In a tax system in which a large number of Yfandlers or in particular control devices have to be connected to a central control station, the task is ensure all converters and control devices are correctly wired to the control station, extremely laborious, time consuming and expensive. With an automatic Control station, for example for an arrangement: To make and process a drinkable liquid, hundreds of on / off valves and a large number of proportional controllers are controlled and must respond to hundreds of locking switches and converters, the various parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure. and measure flow velocity »It may also be necessary be that the valves must be controlled depending on different time cycles.

J 109 848/1296

ΤΓ22032

It is the object of the present invention to provide a control system create suitable a variety of similar control devices to control.

j To solve this problem, a control system "" is provided that a control circuit to which a plurality of transducers and / or control devices by a plurality of lines is connected, each converter and / or each control device is assigned a decoder, some of the Lines for transmitting a code for selecting a predetermined one Converter or a predetermined control device from the large number of V / Anlern and / or control devices is usable.

The lines are preferably designed as a multi-core conductor Cable trained.

Preferably the cable is a continuous length of one Strip cable, which is attached to the connection points to each of the plurality of control devices or transducers not interrupted -is.

Preferably, the cable is connected at both ends to the control free. In this case it is preferred that the control circuit comprises means for testing the continuity of each conductor of the cable.

10984871 296

At least one of the lines is preferably designed in this way ■ Or arranged that it can transmit a signal from the control devices to the control circuit.

■ "■ Appropriately, each decoding device comprises a signal ! holding circle, the. Signal from the control circuit or from the wall

ι ■ 'j

! learning or holding the control devices. \

¹ i

Advantageously, each decoder comprising a multiplicity '■: number of diodes, which connects some of the lines j for die'Kode- transmission ¹ be used with a summing point, j j in turn connected to a switching device via a Zener

j diode and a capacitor with a supply connection or i is connected to the earth.

; A plurality of further decoding devices is preferably

lines connected to the lines, with each additional deco- ' the decoding device has an address identical to that of an individual decoder of the decoding devices, I the converters and / or. Control devices are assigned! the further decoding devices having a display device and / or control device are connected.

¹ Each further decoding device preferably has locking j I-″ ″ - 1

means on that with the lines that are used for the transmission of

[ Signals are used, and are also connected to the display means ^: are, where means are provided to generate the code characters of all decoding devices in a pole, where

109848/129 6

these facilities are connected to the lines leading to 'Serve code transfer.

'The invention is described below with reference to schematic drawings "I

'explained in more detail using several exemplary embodiments.

Pig. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention. j

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a decoding device shown in j

the arrangement according to Pig »1 can be used while

5 shows a block diagram of part of another embodiment reproduces the arrangement according to the invention.

; In the embodiment of the invention according to Pig. 1 a: control system is provided in order to control a system used for the production or treatment of potable liquids, which has a large number of pneumatically operated on / off '. comprises valves 2, the control system 1 being connected to the valves 2 by a continuous strip cable 5. That

Strip cable 3 has nineteen conductors, of which twelve conductors are used for the transmission of code signals, two conductors for power supply, two conductors for the application of control signals and three conductors are used to determine the position of the valves ^! place. The familiar two-out-of-five code is divided into two groups

of five lines of the twelve lines associated with code i. In this way, one out of one hundred ven-

109848/1298

tilen. be selected. The remaining group of two lines;

can be used to create one of two groups of each! one hundred valves so that one of two hundred j Valves can be selected. It is clear, however, that if you provide three more lines, so that the two-out-of-five code on another group of five lines can be applied, select one of a thousand valves can. Each valve 2 has its own decoder (which is not shown in Fig. 1) equipped. When a control signal is transmitted through the strip cable, namely. together with a code that. selects a special valve from valves 2, all decoding devices of all valves 2 except the selected valve will reject the control signal. The decoding device of the selected valve accepts the control signal, which can be used to switch the valve on or off turn off. Each valve 2 has a solenoid to which the Control signals are supplied, the armature of the solenoid j being arranged to supply the air to an air cylinder j of the valve controls. The valve spindle is designed so that it can operate the contacts that generate signals that indicate the position of the valve, which is an important measure

; in facilities for the treatment or production of potable liquids. The control center 1 can comprise a computer which is designed in such a way that it polls one valve every 1 second or every other fixed period. When this is done, the code for each valve is generated in a predetermined sequence. Each selected decoder "feeds the signals necessary for the position of the

109848/1296

Valves are decisive in the two lines that are used for for this purpose are provided in the strip cable.

■ The strip cable 3 forms a main path for the signals, the S is formed in the SOrm of a main ring line (which is not shown) can be. This means that each end of the strip cable is connected to the control station. The strip cable can

. .... j but also with a large number of intermediate points to the tax; station must be connected. If the main signal path with both Ends connected to the control station, a single break in the main path becomes the operation of the control station in no way affect. If the cable is also connected to the control station at several points, will also every break between ever. two of these connection points do not interfere with the operation of the control system. The control station is preferably provided with a test circuit, which is arranged so as to ensure the integrity of each Lel4 test the strip cable at regular intervals. This has the advantage that if a break occurs, provision can be made for the broken portion of the strip cable to be replaced, although it is not essential that this happens immediately.

In the test circuit, the two ends of the main Sigrialweg, which are returned to the control station, are connected by contacts of a relay. When it becomes necessary to test the main path, the relay contacts are switched so that one end of the main path is grounded and the other end ^J

. ^: ' ^v "' ^: ""' ^c -" - 109848/1296

is connected to a power source via a resistor. 'If the main path is intact, then the end that is connected to the resistor remains at ground potential. If, however, there is a break, the potential rises to the voltage of the power source, the difference between these in the states serving to indicate a fault in the main signal path. All lines of the main route are treated in the same way. Individual circuitry is provided for each line so that if there are twenty or more wires in the main signal path, the break of a single conductor ¹ can be detected. This system is particularly important because when a number of decoding devices make it necessary to have one of their address lines from the control circuit

is isolated, this line has a floating potential except for j the voltage of the power source can accept, whereby the deco-;

i commanding devices are made to be incorrectly addressed, leading to dangerous fault conditions "If _be-: see the address lines short circuits occur Adres be senleitungen, increase their potential on the supply _voltage: should maintained at ground potential by the short circuit because the! Address lines should preferably be connected to earth. This causes decoding devices, when selected | should not address. This also leads to a faulty security state. j

The strip cable is advantageously in the form of an elongated, flexible, printed circle, with a number of parallel conductors, the flexible, printed ^:

109848/1296

Circle with each valve through a connecting device with nineteen pins are connected, which are arranged so that, when the connection is closed, in corresponding conductors of the Strip cable. These pins do not break the conductors, they just create a connection with these. The pins are right on the printed circuit boards of the. associated decoding devices at the factory mounted so that the connections between the valves and the control circuit are not in place of the treatment of Potable liquid-serving plant must be produced. Alternatively, each decoding device can with the Strip cable also through a different type of connection in-J direction to be connected. Can also be used as a connecting device

! a clamping device can be provided between which and the

printed control panel the strip cable is pinched. On the ! Strip cable can apply pressure via a rubber pressure pad will. ·

In another embodiment, the decoding devices be mounted in the connection box, whereby the connection ' between the boxes with the help of an armored, multi-core cable will be produced. ■ ■

^: The arrangements described so far have the advantage that they significantly reduce the number of connections that have to be made on the spot of the plants processing the potable liquids. Another advantage is that additional decoding devices are added

109848/1296

S ₉ _ ■ \ "- 2'f2" 2032

provided that there are vacancies for such decoding devices are present. The code of the existing decoding devices can also be changed without the wiring would have to be changed at the location of the system.

As a control center for the control of drinkable liquids processing plants, a computer can be used

the, as it is in the parallel registration with the file i

■ '■ i

sign .... (priority of May 4, 1970 from the "British ·! Registration 21 361) "is written.

Or - _

An example of a suitable decoding circuit is in Pig. 2 shown.

A first group A of two diodes 11 and 12, a second Group B of two diodes 13 and 14 »and a third group C. of a diode 5 are each with the two groups of five lines and connected to the remaining group of two lines of the wires of the strip cable, which are used for code transmission are provided. -Each diode is of course connected to a separate line of these lines. aside from that is the decoding device with only two lines from each group of five lines and with one line from the

j group of two lines connected, with the connections ] through terminal blocks, a coded plug, or any j. "other, variable connecting element can be produced All diodes are connected to the base of a transistor 17 via a resistor 18 and a Zener diode 19 in series therewith

f09848 / 12 96

tied together. The connections of the resistor 13 and the Zener

diode 19 are connected to the positive pole of a power source via the Resistor 20 and connected to earth through a capacitor 21.

The various components form a NÄND gate, which is switched on when all diodes 11 to 15 are at positive potential ^:

tial concern. Each code consists of creating a positive! is \ connected lines ven potential to five of the lines, while each j decoding apparatus for each valve with their diodes 11 to 15 to a j different combination of five. -'.-; ■■ '■■■' ■

A latching relay has two coils L, R, which sind.Die connected to the respective ends to the collector of transistor 17 the other ends of the coils L and R are respectively connected by diodes 22 and 23 to the two control lines. When the valve is to be closed, one of the coils is switched on for a short period of time. When the valve is to be opened, the other coil is switched on for a short period of time. A positive potential must be applied to the coils L and R in order to switch the relay on

actuate, which only punctures when the transistor 17 is in the conductive state, i.e. when the corresponding code has been applied to the decoder.

The relay has a set of output contacts 14 which | control a solenoid. The solenoid controls the air supply that J

10 9 8 4 8/1296

in turn actuates the valve. Contacts 25 and 26 are each because the solenoid is closed in two individual positions. The collector of transistor 17 is connected to the three detector lines of the strip cable through a diode 27 through which Contacts 25 in series with a diode 28 and through the contacts 26 connected in series with a diode 29. The connection through the diode 27 gives an indication that the ÜHD-Ior of the decoding device is working. The connection through the diodes 28 and 29 provide positive indications of the position of the solenoid of the associated armature.

The control center 1 can be designed in the form of a computer ■ that the valves automatically and at high speed; in conjunction with a manual control panel, which allows valves to be numbered with ^! Selected with the help of numeric switches and with the help of; Push buttons to be operated. The arrangement can be made such that the condition of the valves by reasonable indicator lights will show 'is. The manual control panel works independently of the computer and forms a reserve control in the event of a failure of the computer. However, this may not meet the requirements in various cases, since in the event of a computer failure there is no continuous display of the position of all valves in the

System is obtained. As a result, errors, either electrical in nature or on the part of the operator in the manual selection of the valves, may exist since the position of the valves is only indicated when the valve is specifically selected. ^;

1098487 1296

The modification shown in Pig., 3 serves to overcome this difficulty. In this modified embodiment the control station 30, which the control station 1 after Pig. 1, through the cable or the main signal path 31 with the de-

j coding devices 32 connected. For the sake of simplicity, there are only five lines for transmitting the code signals and j

two of these lines in connection via diodes with the deco- '

i diervorrichtungen 32 reproduced. Two output signal lines!

k ' ^l

W gen are, as shown, with the decoding devices 32;

; bound, while a driver signal line 33 is also provided.

■ ■ i

; can be seen that the control center 30 with the decoder |

ι

gene 32 connects and forms part of the cable 31.

; A second set of decoders 34 used by the decoders 32 are different, it is provided that v / obei each- "

Because one of the decoding devices 34 is one of the decoding devices 32 in the system and the same address having. In addition, the cable 31 is passed through each of the decoding. Devices out of a buffer circuit 35. The signal line

, ■ "i

obligations of the cable 31 are comparable within the decoding apparatuses 34 with two blocking circuits 33 and Treibersignalleitunü with a switch at each decoder 34 of the second ^set: inhibited. _;

The control center 30 comprises an oscillator 36 which is connected to a " Counter is connected. When the oscillator is switched on in the event of a computer failure, the oscillator 36 causes the

109.8 48/1296 '

Counter 37 generates every possible address on the cable or trunk 31 in rapid succession at the same rate as those addresses would be generated by the computer. It is clear that, since each decoder 32 is selected, the signals on the associated signal lines from the associated locking relay reflect the position of the valve associated with the associated decoder, and that these signals represent the locking circuits in the corresponding decoder 54 of the second S _a tzes of decoders actuated. In this way it is achieved that the second set of decoders 34 contains all information relating to the positions of the valves, these decoding devices being connected to a dummy or picture switchgear or some other control or display device for a continued display

the condition of the valves. As already stated, ι
j, the drive signal line 33 is connected to a switch in each decoder 34. When this switch is actuated j, a signal is fed to the associated decoding device 32 j when the corresponding addresses have been generated.

It is clear that the embodiment shown in FIG shows a manual control arrangement which is completely independent of the computer in the control center 30.

The measures shown in the present application and Circuits are in addition to their usefulness in controlling a facility for the treatment of potable liquids in

10 9 8 4 8/1296

Dairies, breweries or other food factories too, for controlling reversible motors and in systems for potable ones Fluids to control product flow paths, as well as for the control of cleaning processes on the spot usable. You can also use other * than by air actuated valves or other for control used by facilities serving currents.

Pat entans check

109848/129

Claims (12)

ZT2203Z Claims ! 1.J control system rait a control circuit on which a multitude ■ connected by converters and / or control devices, I marked e i without t, that a multitude of j lines connect the transducers and / or control devices to the control circuit (1) that springs transducers and / or each ' I i Control device (20) is assigned a decoding device! and that some of the lines for the transmission of a code < to select a particular transducer or a special I) Control device (2) from the plurality of converters and / or \ control devices (2) can be used. 2. Control system according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η draws, that the lines are conductors of a multi-core cable (3). . ' . 3. Control system according to claim 2, characterized in that the cable has a continued length of a Strip cable (3), which at its connection points ; with each of the devices a variety of control devices or change (2) is not interrupted * . 4. Control system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that g e ke η n-t i. i shows that both ends of the cable are connected to the ' . Control circuit (1) is connected. 10 9 848/1296 - 16 - 5. Control system according to claim 4, characterized in that the control circuit (1) means for
Check the integrity of each conductor of the cable. 6. Control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, • j characterized in that at least one
^ I the lines are arranged so that they receive a signal from the
ι Control devices (2) to the control circuit (1) transmits. 7. control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that each decoding device . ■■■ ■ -. j direction, a signal holding circuit for holding a signal from j \ the control circuit or from the transducer or the Steuervorrich- I tion is up. j 8. Control system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that j each decoding device ί comprises a reciprocal number of diodes (11 to 15) which represent some of the! Connects lines for code transmission to a summing point,, which in turn with a switching device (17) via a ι ■ Zener diode (19) and a capacitor (21) with earth or · \ ! is connected to the connection of a power source. J 9 · Control system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, i g e k e η η ζ ei c h η e t through a multitude of other ' Decoding devices (54)> connected to the lines, 109848/1296 -.With each of these additional decoding devices (34) one Address identical to one of the normal decoding devices (32), which the converters and / or control devices (2) are assigned, the additional decoding devices (34) having a display and / or control device are connected. 10. Control system according to any one of claims 6 to 91 da- * characterized in that each additional decoding device (34). Has a locking device which is connected to the lines for transmitting the signals and also is connected to the display devices. 11. Control system, g e k e η η ζ ei without t through facilities (36, 37) for generating the code of all decoding devices (32) in a predetermined sequence, these devices are connected to the lines used for code transmission. ' 12. Control system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized marked that a switch through each decoding device (34) is connected to one of the lines. ^p / a. 109 848/1296