DE2121100C3 - Warning, display and control device for high voltage systems - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a warning, display and control device for high-voltage systems, consisting of at least one in one

Glow tube or tubes are designed and arranged in such a way that the state even with strong ambient light the glow tube is clearly recognizable for the viewer regardless of the viewing direction.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the luminous capillary has the shape of a conical spiral has, the axis of which runs approximately parallel to or at an acute angle to the direction of view and whose helix has such a dimensioned distance from

Luminous capillaries; located

are una aao am rtimu v .... _o - funnel-shaped tube with blackened inner surface on

Housing arranged, single-pole connected to a conductor, preferably capacitive to earth and / or a live second conductor, partially coiled glow tube, which can be coupled Coils with a luminous capillary are arranged in the region of a window of the housing in such a way that the luminous capillary is surrounded by a strongly contrasting dark background in the viewing direction.

Facilities of this kind are used to provide the loading ~

operating condition of high-voltage systems, ζ. B. of 10 each other, that between empty rails in high-voltage cells and in ->"... v . On the one hand, they are intended to warn the personnel working in the vicinity of these systems of contact and, on the other hand, to indicate which conductor is under voltage. Thus, such high-voltage indicators represent a very important accident prevention protection, the reliability of which largely depends on the conspicuity and de * - recognizability of the lethal effect of the glow tube.

Since the glow tube only produces a relatively weak and pale light, it depends on it train and arrange that the luminous effect

is noticeable despite the low intensity.

Various solutions for meeting these dark surrounding requirements have become known. will the contr? «*« "« * "" « ¹

From the German patent specification 665 275 a and surrounding gas discharge tube with capillary discharge is a much larger one manure channel known whose twisted capillary tube 'high voltage systems ii a control device deviating from a geometric circle, has corresponding cross-section. For example, the present invention goes

the capillary tube is polygonal, lenticular, elliptical, cognizance of that see or have the same cross-section. especially light star

After all, according to the German interpretative document, it is important 1 019 381 known, the glow tube helical 35 source and the I " to spiral shaped and to be arranged within a housing according to the invention behind a window in such a way that the drive state for the Screw axis perpendicular to the direction of view of the should be conspicuous.

Viewer stands. However, the filaments are so tight. The intensity of the luminous capillary can after a

together that there is no contrast between them dark background remains. The fact that behind the luminous capillary m the housing itself too few dark contrasting surfaces, so that the capillary tube preferably fused-in reflective

"■ -— ~ goal strips are arranged. An optimal reflection

is achieved when these reflective strips are white. 45 In strong ambient light, however, it can be useful to use dark-tinted reflective strips,. . ·: —U «"""_o; _C p; _n Has housing collapsed

If, according to the proposal according to the invention, the luminous capillary is turned on in the form of a conical spiral, the three-dimensional design results in a significantly larger distance between the individual coils with the same length, so that the coils are always in front of a dark background in a relatively large viewing angle range. The funnel-shaped tube with blackened inner surface on the one hand prevents the entry of extraneous light and on the other hand increases the size of the light cap

JJ "? ^ * ™ ugen but signal to ^ ξ> _uh

^ _{He in} Be ^ _{b Sonder}

If there are not enough dark areas, this display device is in a bright environment is not clearly recognizable and can therefore falsely simulate a lack of tension.

The aim of these known arrangements is to increase the luminous intensity or the geometric dimensions of the luminous field. However, there are limits to increasing the light intensity if dark-tinted reflector strips are used which reflect the ambient light undesirably falling into the housing less strongly. To ^^ Jf ^^

* educated

feigned ignorance, which can have disastrous consequences.

From German patent specification 972 654 it is known to have several, preferably three, capillary tubes next to one another to be arranged, which can also be twisted or braided like a braid, so that the luminous fields are not straight, but in the form of a zigzag line or broken in appearance to step. The luminous capillaries, however, are not arranged in such a way that they are independent to the viewer on the viewing direction are surrounded by a strongly contrasting dark background.

In contrast, the invention has the task

C ₅ Furthermore, it is proposed in a further development of the invention to arrange a magnifying or covering lens above the luminous capillary in the window area.

First of all, this lens protects the luminous capillary from soiling. Is it used as a magnifying lens formed, it serves to enlarge the luminous area. However, it can also be useful to have a To use a reduction lens to open the window opening even with a relatively large spiral:

Creation of the above-mentioned kind to increase their environment.

Expediently, those running in the viewing direction are tiwa within the tube, preferably Star-shaped lamellae with blackened surface are provided. As they are facing you extend, they hardly obstruct the view into the window. On the other hand, they increase as a result of multiple reflections the external light rays the absorption effect of the tube. Appropriately enough, however the lamellas do not go as far as the lens, but end at a distance from it. You can also click on this Side have semicircular incisions, so that in both cases even with an oblique view into the tube as large as possible area of the lens is uncovered.

Warning, display and control devices for overhead lines can also be used in accordance with the Invention be formed.

The invention is based on a device of this type, which consists of a protective shell, within which at least one coiled glow tube is arranged, which is electrically connected via a rod and is mechanically connected to an overhead line.

It has been shown that these facilities were previously hardly suitable for overhead lines, since in particular at greater distances the glowing glow tube hardly moves towards the bright sky recognize is.

In order to improve the contrast effect, it is proposed according to the invention to arrange a tapered tube with a downwardly open window at the lower end of the protective shell, through soft single! ^; rh the filament of the glow tube (s) are visible.

In the exemplary embodiments according to the invention, two glow tubes are provided which either are helically coiled, the screw axes being inclined to the viewing direction. the However, as in the second exemplary embodiment, the glow tube can also be coiled in a meandering manner, in this case the glow capillaries run perpendicular to the viewing direction.

Similar to the device explained above, it is expedient to look inside the tube in the direction of view running lamellas, which preferably consist of tubes with a blackened surface, to be arranged.

A further significant increase in contrast is achieved in a further development of the invention by that in the vicinity of the window a large, dark screen, preferably in the form of a circular ring is arranged. This screen covers when looking at the display device hanging on an overhead line the background immediately adjacent to the window opening, formed by the bright sky so that a live glow tube is much clearer than before, even with a large one Viewing distance can be safely recognized.

Further constructive details, e.g. B. the structural design of a spark gap, which in is connected to the phase lead in a manner known per se to increase the light intensity explained below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown in the drawings are. In these shows

F i g. 1 perspective, broken-away representation of a device according to the invention according to a first Embodiment,

F i g. 1 a section along the line AA in F i g. 1,
Γ i g. 2 Bottom view of the device according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view,
F i g. 3 schematic side view of the device according to the invention for high-voltage overhead lines,

F i g. 4 Bottom view of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 and

F i g. 5 Bottom view of a further embodiment according to FIG. 3 with a different glow tube Order.

The device according to the invention has a voltage indicative of the glow discharge tube 1, c from the winding in the form of a conical spiral capillary tube 1 having arranged on both sides balloon-like vessels 1 α and 1 b consists. These vessels 1 α and 1 b are used to hold a certain reserve of noble gas. In addition, a metal coating is vapor-deposited on its inner or outer surface, which enables an electrodeless, capacitive coupling of the glow tube to the metallic fastening clip 4 or fastening spring 5, so that metallic bushings are avoided that cause cracks or cracks due to the different thermal coefficients when the temperature changes can lead in the glass bulb.

The vessels I a, 1 b have inwardly directed indentations 1 a \ 1 b ' , the inner surfaces of which also have a. Metal covering are steamed. The outer surfaces of the pistons, including the indentations, are coated with conductive varnish, which increases the effective surface and thus the coupling capacity. In addition, since the wall thickness of the indentations 1 σ, Ib 'is less than the piston wall thickness, the capacitive resistance in the area of the indentation 1 α', 1 />'is less than in the remaining area of the vessel Ia, 1b. These mechanical measures also effectively increase the luminosity of the glow tube.

By means of the clamp 4, which is held together by a square spring ring 4 a, and the fastening spring 5, which is padded by means of a foam insert Sa against the vessel Ib , an elastically resilient mounting of the glow tube 1 is achieved. This storage prevents damage or even destruction of the capillary tube when the device is shaken, which z. B. od when operating switch disconnectors. Like. Can occur.

The entire arrangement is housed in a dust-tight and light-tight housing in a two-part housing which consists of the ceiling part 2 and the base part 3 carrying the glow tube I. In the lid part 2 is provided above the conical spiral b 1 c an α-limited by a cylindrical neck 2 circular window. 2 At the top, this window is closed by the converging lens 6, which is held by the funnel-shaped tube 7 placed on the cylindrical attachment la. In the tube 7, lamellae 8 arranged in a star shape are inserted.

The inner surface of the tube and the surface of these lamellas are colored matt black.

This arrangement of the coiled in form of a conical spiral capillary tube 1 c in combination with the magnification lens 6, the tube 7 and the blades 8 leads to a high-contrast reproduction of visible when voltage is applied filament. The turns of the capillary tube 1 c have such a distance that between the

7 8

A spiral formed from the filament with a high-voltage display device of the type explained

sem strongly contrasting dark spirals have so far not been used to monitor filing lines.

will. The tube 7 with its lamellas 8 prevents NEN entry into the practice. This is before

on the one hand, the entry of extraneous light and ensures that the luminous intensity of the glow

with at the same time for a dark, the luminous capillaries are so small that in the open air with relatively bright ones

larspirale surrounding field. Ambient light and usually with great viewing

The luminous effect can also not be recognized by the distance between the shapes, whether the glow tube

the capillary tube itself is thereby intensified.

the fact that on the rear side of the capillary tube, the contrast proposed by the invention

Res a reflector 1 d melted down or inserted io increase between the luminous capillary and the

and that the field surrounding this above the capillary 1 e now also enables

borrowed part 1 / of the capillary tube in cross-section which the use of these high-voltage display devices for

Has the shape of a converging lens. Overhead lines.

A further increase in the light output is shown in FIG. 3 device shown schematically

the device according to the invention achieved in that 15 consists of a housing shell 22 which means

between the supply line 9 and the terminal of a support rod 23 and jaws 24 with

10 a spark discharge path with the electrodes to be passed through the opening 24 α

11 and 12 is arranged. Which can be connected between the electrical conductors. Inside the housing shell Trode 12 and the terminal 10 arranged 22 are two helically coiled glow tubes with high resistance Resistor 13 is used in ao ren 25 known per se, which are arranged with respect to the device axis 26 ter way of interference suppression. and are thus inclined to the viewing direction. There-

The electrode 11 is in the with the bottom plate 3 with the helix when viewed in the direction of

firmly screwed contact block 14 and axis 26 individually recognizable, so that they are different from the

secured in place by means of the lock nut 15. stand out against the dark background.

The second electrode 12 is similar to the arrangement according to FIG. 5 with the contact block. 1 and 2 is

16 firmly connected, the opposite of the contact block also the device according to FIG. 3 with a 14 is slidable. For this purpose, the cone-shaped tube 27 is provided, which is located in the clock block 16 with the short arm of the case around the axis, however, tapering downwards in order to

17 pivotable, double-armed lever arm 18 connected via the opening of the shell 22 to a smaller window. At the end of the long lever arm a 30 27 α is to be created.

Scale 19 calibrated in kilovolt is provided. By means of the inside of the tube 27 are verses in the viewing direction The length of the spark discharge lamellae in the form of juxtaposed application paths can be used as a lever arm provided very exactly in accordance with the respective ordered tubes 28, which like the Operating voltage to achieve the optimal slats 8 in the arrangement according to FIG. 1 den Luminous effect can be set without such a largely preventing the entry of extraneous light, as is the case up to now It is common practice to loosen screw connections as well as to len in order to make the field as dark as possible To generate setting feeler gauges or similar measuring devices, with which the glow threads of the glow are used Need to become. contrast tubes 25 strongly.

Electrically and mechanically, the invention is

According to the display device, an annular diaphragm 29 is provided by means of the connection terminal 40 at the lower end of the tube

10 or with a conductor rail

connected to leading institution. Sky formed light background while looking inside

The coupling to earth or a neighboring one through the window 27 a covers in this area. Conductor or a corresponding opposite pole takes place. In this way, too, the contrast between becomes capacitive. Since the housing 2, 3 is made of plastic, the glow tubes 25 and the surroundings are essentially located, at its right-hand end according to FIG. 1 to increased. In addition, this ring of capacitance-capacitive coupling can be used to increase a metallic strip 20 between the device and earth, which is connected to the metallic fastening spring 5 via the conductor 21 if it is additionally connected to a metallic covering 30. On is provided with the ends 25 α of the glow tube this way the capacitance of the glow tube 50 ren 25 is in electrical connection,
and thus the current intensity and light intensity of the luminous In place of the glow tube arrangement according to capillary increased. This measure F i g. 3 and 4 can also be an arrangement according to the solution of the task set at the beginning. F i g. 5 can be selected, in which a part 31 α the case a further increase in the capacity emergency luminous capillary is helical and the other is agile, the tube 7 or other 55 part 31 b can also be coiled in a meandering manner. Even in the parts of the housing 2 with a metallic upper case, there is a strong contrast between the surface or a metallic covering. Luminous capillary and the background.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (19)

Patent claims: 1. Warning, display and control device for high-voltage systems, consisting of at least one partially coiled glow tube arranged in a housing, unipolarly connected to a conductor, preferably capacitively coupled to earth and / or a live second conductor, the coil of which is connected to the luminous capillary in the Area of a window of the housing are arranged that the luminous capillary is surrounded in the viewing direction by a strongly contrasting dark background, characterized in that the luminous capillary has the shape of a conical spiral (Ic), the axis of which runs approximately parallel or at an acute angle to the viewing direction and whose V / endel have a distance from each other such that clearly recognizable dark spaces are located between the luminous capillaries and that a preferably funnel-shaped tube (7, 27) with a blackened inner surface is arranged on the window (Ib, 27a). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the luminous capillary (1 e) of the capillary tube (1 c) is deposited with preferably fused-in reflector strips (Id). 3. Device according to claim !, characterized in that the reflective strip (1 b) is white. 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the reflector strip (1 d) is tinted dark. 5. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the part (i /) of the capillary tube (1 c) located above the luminous capillary (1 e) is lens-shaped in cross section (Fig. 1 a). 6. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized by two or several light capillaries connected electrically in parallel. 7. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a magnifying or reducing lens arranged in the window area (2 b) above the capillary tube (1 c). 8. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that within the tube (7, 27) extending approximately in the viewing direction, preferably arranged in a star shape Lamellae (8, 28) are provided with a blackened surface. 9. Device according to claims, characterized in that that the lamellas (8) on the side facing the lens (6) at a distance end from the lens (6), preferably have approximately semicircular incisions. 10. Device in particular for overhead lines, consisting of a protective shell, inside which at least one coiled glow tube is arranged, and a rod connecting the glow tube to the overhead line, characterized in that at the lower end of the protective shell (22) a tapered tube (27) with a downwardly open window (27 a) through which only the filament (25, 31) of the ode »· the glow tubes are visible. 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized characterized in that two helically coiled glow tubes within the protective shell (22) (25) are arranged, the axes of which run obliquely to the viewing direction (FIG. 3). 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the glow tube (31 b) is coiled in a meandering manner (F i g. 5). 13. Device according to claim 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that lamellae extending in the viewing direction within the tube (27), in particular tubes (28), are arranged with a blackened surface. 14. Device according to one or more of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that that in the vicinity of the window (27 a) a large, dark, preferably circular Screen (29) is arranged. 15. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the glow tube (1, 25, 31) is capacitive in a manner known per se with one pole of the phase of the high-voltage line to be tested or monitored and with the other pole, For example, by large-area formation of the corresponding electrode side (Ib) with earth or an adjacent phase, are electrically connectable and that an adjustable spark gap (11 to 16) is connected in the phase lead to increase the light intensity. 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that that the spark gap (11 to 16) in a known manner, for. B. by means of a high-value series resistor (13) is suppressed. 17. Device according to claim 15 or 16 with variable spark gap, characterized in that one of the two electrodes (12) is the Spark gap on the short arm of a double-armed, rotatably attached to the housing (3) Hebeis (18) is attached, whose other arm is assigned a scale (19) calibrated in kilo-volts is. 18. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 17 with existing plastic Housing (2, 3, 7; 22, 27), characterized in that parts of the housing (20), preferably of the tube or the screen (30), made of metal, which is connected to the ground or an adjacent Phase couplable pole of the glow tube (1, 25, 31) are connected. 19. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, with at least one provided at the end of the glow tube, balloon-like vessel with the capacitive coupling serving, provided inside the metal coating, characterized in that the vessel (1 α, 1 b) has an indentation (1 a, 1 b ') preferably has a thinner wall thickness and that the surface of the vessel (la, Ib) and the indentation (1 a', Ib ') are provided with conductive varnish.