DE2109300A1 - Formation of masking, passivating or doping coatings - or contacts - on surfaces of semiconductors - Google Patents
Formation of masking, passivating or doping coatings - or contacts - on surfaces of semiconductorsInfo
- Publication number
- DE2109300A1 DE2109300A1 DE19712109300 DE2109300A DE2109300A1 DE 2109300 A1 DE2109300 A1 DE 2109300A1 DE 19712109300 DE19712109300 DE 19712109300 DE 2109300 A DE2109300 A DE 2109300A DE 2109300 A1 DE2109300 A1 DE 2109300A1
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- carrier gas
- solvent
- substance
- silicon
- sprayed
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002621 H2PtCl6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IZEHGGKUQJBZDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl-].[NH4+].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH4+].[Ag] IZEHGGKUQJBZDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004042 HAuCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RQTDPDUUIOHBMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) azane Chemical compound N.[Sb+3] RQTDPDUUIOHBMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Au] PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002203 sulfidic glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XPDICGYEJXYUDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraarsenic tetrasulfide Chemical compound S1[As]2S[As]3[As]1S[As]2S3 XPDICGYEJXYUDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N a1010_sial Chemical compound O=[As]O[As]=O IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
- C23C16/4486—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by producing an aerosol and subsequent evaporation of the droplets or particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B31/00—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor
- C30B31/06—Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure; Apparatus therefor by contacting with diffusion material in the gaseous state
- C30B31/16—Feed and outlet means for the gases; Modifying the flow of the gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/291—Oxides or nitrides or carbides, e.g. ceramics, glass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Herstellen von als Mæskierunge-, Passivierungs-, Kontaktierungs- und Dotierungsschichten zu verwendenden Belegungen auf Halbleiterkristalloberflächen Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von als Maskierungs-, Passivierungs-, Koiitaktlerungs-und Dotierungsschichten zu verwendenden Belegungen auf Oberflächen von Halbleiterkristallen1 insbesondere aus einkristallinem Silicium, Germanium oder einer AIIIBV-Verbindung.Process for producing mæskierung-, passivation-, contacting- and coatings to be used on semiconductor crystal surfaces The present invention relates to a method for producing as masking, Passivation, coordination and doping layers to be used on the surfaces of semiconductor crystals1 in particular made of single-crystal silicon, Germanium or an AIIIBV compound.
Das Belegen von Halbleiterkristallscheiben mit Dotierungs", Maskierungs-, Passivierungs- und Kontaktierungsschichten für die Fertigung von Halbleiterbauelementen, z. B. für eine anschließende Diffusion, wird im allgemeinen in einer mit dem Stoff erfüllen Atmosphäre durchgeführt. Die Anzahl der Kristallscheiben, die in einem Arbeitsgang gleichzeitig belegt werden können, ist durch den Abstand, den die Scheiben voneinander-haMen müssen, mehr oder weniger begrenzt, je nachdem, wie hoch die Anforderungen an die Gleichmäßigkeit der Belegungen sind. Für Halbleiterbaue3.emente mit hoher Leistung, welche relativ große Abmessv.ngen aufweisen, ist dieser Arbeitsgang daher sehr teuer, da nur eine geringe Anzahl von Kristallscheibe gleichzeitig belegt werden kann.The covering of semiconductor crystal wafers with doping, masking, Passivation and contacting layers for the manufacture of semiconductor components, z. B. for subsequent diffusion, is generally in one with the substance meet atmosphere carried out. The number of crystal disks in one Operation can be occupied at the same time, is by the distance that the panes must be more or less limited, depending on how high the requirements are the evenness of the occupancies. For semiconductor components with high This work step is therefore services that have relatively large dimensions very expensive, since only a small number of crystal slices are occupied at the same time can.
Außerdem sind in vielen Fällen keine geeigneten gasförmigen oder leicht flüchtigen Verbindungen zur Hand. Die Heranziehung komplizierter oder schwer zu handhabender Verbindungen wird erforderlich oder man muß ganz auf Gasphasendiffusion verzichten und Pulververfahren etc. einsetzen. Ebenso können Gläser, die aus mehreren Komponenten bestehen, üblicherweise gar nicht auf Haibleiteroberflächen aufgebracht werden, da die einzelnen Komponenten zu schwer oder zu unterschiedlich flüchtig sind.In addition, in many cases they are not suitable gaseous or light ones volatile compounds at hand. The attraction more difficult or difficult to handling compounds is required or one must rely entirely on gas phase diffusion do without and use powder processes etc. Likewise, glasses made up of several Components consist, usually not at all on semiconductor surfaces applied because the individual components are too heavy or too different are volatile.
Die vorliegende Erfindung dient zur Lösung der Aufgabe, in einfacher und rationeller Weise Belegungen auf Halbleiterkristalloberflächen aufzubringen, welche für spätere Diffusionsprozesse oder zur Kontaktierung dienen sollen.The present invention serves to solve the problem in a simple and in a rational way to apply coatings to semiconductor crystal surfaces, which are to be used for later diffusion processes or for contacting.
Bei dem zuletzt genannten Verwendungszweck ist es von großer Wichtigkeit, daß die Haftfestigkeit und damit die Kontaktierbarkeit von Metallisierungen auf Halbleiteroberflächen verbesser-t werden.For the latter purpose, it is of great importance that the adhesive strength and thus the contactability of metallizations Semiconductor surfaces are improved.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erf:indungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß der für die 3elegung vorgesehene Stoff in elementarer Form oder als Verbindung in einem Lösungsmittel gelöst oder suspendiert wird, daß durch Versprühen mittels eines Trägergasstroms der Stoff in Form feinster Tröpfchen als Aerosol mit dem Trägergasstrom mitgeführt wird, daß dann das Löuiigsmittel durch Einleiten des Trägergasstroms in einer auf Reaktionstemperatur erhitzen Zone eines Ofens restlos verdampft und der Stoff der zu belegenden Oberfläche in elementarer Form angeboten wird.To solve this problem, it is proposed according to the invention that the material intended for the 3laying in elementary form or as a connection in a solvent is dissolved or suspended that by spraying by means of a Carrier gas flow of the substance in the form of very fine droplets as an aerosol with the carrier gas flow is carried along that then the Löuiigsmittel by introducing the carrier gas flow evaporated completely in a zone of a furnace heated to the reaction temperature and the material of the surface to be covered is offered in elementary form.
Es liegt im Rahmen der sorniegenden Erfindung, daß der heißen Reaktionszone mindestens eine weitere Verbindung zugeführt wird, welche mit dem vom Lösungsmittel befreiten Stoff in Reaktion tritt.It is within the scope of the present invention that the hot reaction zone at least one other compound is supplied, which with that of the solvent released substance reacts.
Für spezielle Anwendungszwecke ist es sehr vorteilhaft, wenn der heißen Reaktionazone ein reduzierend wirkendes Gas zugeführt wird, wodurch der vom Lösungsmittel befreite Stoff zu Metall reduziert wird.For special purposes it is very advantageous if the hot Reaction zone a reducing gas is supplied, whereby the solvent freed substance is reduced to metal.
Gemäß einem besonders günstigen Ausführungsbeispiel nach der lehre der Erfindung wird der vom Lösungsmittel befreite Stoff über eine Düse auf die erhitzte Halbleiteroberfläche geblasen, wo er durch Legieren oder Sintern in eine zusammenhängende Schicht übergeführt wird.According to a particularly favorable embodiment according to the teaching According to the invention, the substance freed from the solvent is applied to the heated via a nozzle Blown semiconductor surface, where it is joined by alloying or sintering Shift is transferred.
Außerdem hat es sich auch als zweckmäßig erwiesen, wenn der als Aerosol vorliegende Stoff vor dem Verdampfen des Lösungsmittels gegen eine Prallplatte geblasen wird, wodurch die größeren Tropfohen abgefangen werden können.In addition, it has also proven to be useful when the as an aerosol the substance present is blown against a baffle plate before the solvent evaporates so that the larger drips can be caught.
Als Reaktionsraum wird zweckmäßigerweise ein Einzonenrohrofen verwendet; als Trägergas ein inertes Gas wie beispielsweise Stickstoff oder Argon.A single-zone tube furnace is expediently used as the reaction space; an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon as the carrier gas.
Zur Darstellung von Gläsern und Metallegierungen auf Halbleiterkristalloberflächen können nach der Lehre der Erfindung die entsprechenden Tösungsgemische und/oder Gemische von Suspensionen versprüht werden. So wird beispielsweise zur Herstellung einer Gold-Silber-Legierung eine Mischung von wässriger Ohlorogolasäure (HAuCl4) mit Silberammonchlorid (Ag(NH3)2Cl) in entsprechendem Verhältnis in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff und/oder Ammoniak versprüht. Zur Herstellung einer Platinschicht mtird beispielsweise Hexachloroplatinsäure (H2PtCl6) -Lösung in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff versprüht. Zur Herstellung einer aus einer Legierung von Silber, Gold und Platin bestehenden Schicht werden wässrige Lösungen von Silberammonchlorid, Chlorogoldsäure und Hexachloroplatinsäure im entsprechenden Verhältnis gemischt in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff und Ammoniak versprüht.For the representation of glasses and metal alloys on semiconductor crystal surfaces can according to the teaching of the invention, the corresponding solution mixtures and / or Mixtures of suspensions are sprayed. For example, for manufacturing a gold-silver alloy a mixture of aqueous ohlorogolic acid (HAuCl4) with silver ammonium chloride (Ag (NH3) 2Cl) in the corresponding ratio in the presence of Sprayed hydrogen and / or ammonia. Used to produce a platinum layer for example hexachloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6) solution in the presence of hydrogen sprayed. To make one from an alloy of silver, gold and platinum existing layer are aqueous solutions of silver ammonium chloride, chloroauric acid and hexachloroplatinic acid mixed in the appropriate ratio in the presence of Hydrogen and ammonia sprayed.
So lassen sich durch Wechseln der Lösung oder Suspension aufeinanderfolgende Schichten unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung herstellen. Durch entsprechende Auswahl oder Zumischungen zum Trägergas können im Gasraum, besonders in der heißen Zone, chemische Reaktionen ablaufen, die zu Belegungen mit neuen Verbindungen führen; so kann z. 3. zur Abscheidung von Arsensulfidglas auf Siliciumoberflächen eine Arsenoxidlösung versprüht werden und dabei Schwefelwasserstoff zum Trägergas zugemischt werden.So you can change the solution or suspension successive Produce layers of different compositions. By appropriate selection or admixtures to the carrier gas can be in the gas space, especially in the hot zone, chemical reactions take place that lead to assignments with new compounds; so can z. 3. an arsenic oxide solution for the deposition of arsenic sulfide glass on silicon surfaces are sprayed and hydrogen sulfide are added to the carrier gas.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist nach der Lehre der Erfindung dadurch gegeben, daß zur Dotierung von Silicium mit Antimon Ammonlumantimonit oder Ammoniumantimonat in wässriger Lösung als Aerosol mit dem Trägergasgemisch mitgeführt wird, dann gegen eine Prallplatte geblasen wird und der Aerosolgasstrom in einen auf Diffusionstemperatur erhitzten, mit Siliciumkristallscheiben beschickten Diffusionsofen eingeleitet wird.According to the teaching of the invention, this is another possibility given that for doping silicon with antimony ammonium antimonite or ammonium antimonate is carried along in aqueous solution as an aerosol with the carrier gas mixture, then against a baffle plate is blown and the aerosol gas flow into a diffusion temperature heated diffusion furnace charged with silicon crystal wafers is introduced.
Durch das Verfahren nach der Lehre der Erfindung gelingt es, in einfacher und reproduzierbarer Weise nicht- oder nur relativ schwer flüchtige Substanzen schon bei Raumtemperatur einem Gas strom definiert zuzuführen und anschließend restlos zu verdampfen. Die Verwendung von Einzonenöfen sowie leicht zugänglicher, gefahrlos zu handhabender Dotierungsverbindungen ist damit möglich.The method according to the teaching of the invention makes it possible in a simple manner and in a reproducible way non-volatile or only relatively poorly volatile substances do at room temperature to feed a gas stream defined and then completely to evaporate. The use of single-zone ovens, as well as easily accessible, safe Doping compounds to be handled are thus possible.
Das Verfahren nach der Lehre der BrSindung läßt sich deshalb in besonders vorteilhafter Weise verwenden zur Herstellung von Metallkontakten auf freien und mit Maskierungs- oder Schutzschichten (SiO2, 5i3N4) bedeckten Halbleiterkristalloberflächen, weiter zur Herstellung von Schutzschichten selbst und ganz besonders zur Herstellung von diffundierten Zonen in Halbleiterkörpern.The method according to the doctrine of the bond can therefore be in particular Use advantageously for the production of metal contacts on free and semiconductor crystal surfaces covered with masking or protective layers (SiO2, 5i3N4), further to the production of protective layers themselves and especially to the production of diffused zones in semiconductor bodies.
Das Verfahren gestattet die einfache Herstellung mehrer dicker Metallschichten, welche sich wegen ihres außerordentlich guten Haftvermögens durch eine gute Kontaktierbarkeit auszeichnen. Ein weiterer Vorteil gegenüber den durch bekannte Verfahren hergestellten Belegungen ist die Gleichmäßigkeit in der Ausbildung der Schicht. Die Schichten sind deshalb besonders gut geeignet zur Herstellung von Halbleiterbauelementen, insbesondere pnp- bzw. npn-Siliciumtransistoren sowie integrierten Schaltungen.The process allows the simple production of several thick metal layers, which because of their extraordinarily good adhesion through good contactability distinguish. Another advantage over those made by known methods Allocations is the evenness in the formation of the layer. The layers are therefore particularly well suited for the production of semiconductor components, in particular pnp or npn silicon transistors and integrated circuits.
Seine Anwendungsweise ist aber nicht allein auf die Halbleitertechnik beschränkt, sondern läßt sich mit gleichem Vorteil auch für die Herstellung von Kontaktschichten und Isolationsschichten bei elektrischen Kondensatoren und Widerständen einsetzen.Its application is not limited to semiconductor technology limited, but can be used with the same advantage for the production of Contact layers and insulation layers in electrical capacitors and resistors insert.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels wird nunmehr auf die Figuren 1 und 2 der Zeichnung Bezug genommen.To further explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment Reference is now made to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine zur Herstellung einer Antimondiffusion in Silicium verwendete Apparatur gemäß vorliegender Erfindung.Fig. 1 shows one for producing an antimony diffusion in silicon apparatus used according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 zeigt im Schnittbild eine in dieser Apparatur mit einer antimonhaltigen Glasschicht versehene Siliciumkristallscheibe.Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of one in this apparatus with one containing antimony A silicon crystal wafer with a glass layer.
Fig. 1: Eine 1%ige Lösung von Ammoniumantimonit 1 befindet sich in einem mit einem Steigrohr 2 versehenen Vorratsgefäß 3.Fig. 1: A 1% solution of ammonium antimonite 1 is in a storage vessel 3 provided with a riser pipe 2.
Durch Zuführen eines aus Stickstoff oder Argon bestehenden, über den Hahn 15 und den Strömungsmesser 16 auf eine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit von 1ol/min. eingestellten Trägergasstroms wird diese Lösung mit 1% Sauerstoff über den Hahn 17 durch die Düse 4 gegen eine im Reaktionsgefäß 6 mittels einer Halterung 7 befestigte Prallplatte 5 gesprüht und zerstäubt. Während die getrennt zerstäubten (großen) Lösungströpfchen über die Wandung des Reaktionsgefäßes 6 und das Rohr 8 in das Vorratsgefäß 3 zurückfließen, werden die feinst verteilten Lösungströpfchen aus Ammoniumantimonit mittels des Trägergasstroms (Pfeile 9) über die Schliff.- oder Flanschverbindung 1o in den für die Diffusion vorgesehenen Ofenraum 11, in diesem Falle ein Diffusionsrohr aus Quarz mit 60 mm lichter Weite und looo mm Länge, gebracht. In diesem Quarzrohr 11 befinden sich auf einer Stapelvorrichtung 12 in Form eines Quarzschlittens die zu diffundierenden bzw zu belegenden Siliciumkristallscheiben 13. Das Quarzrohr 11 ist mittels eines Heizofens (nicht dargestellt) auf eine Länge von 500 mm auf 12oo0C beheizbar. Beim Einströmen des mit der Ammoniumantimonitlösung beladenen Trägergas stroms in die heiße Ofenzone verdampft zunächst der Wasseranteil des Lösungsmittels, anschließend zersetzt sich das Ammoniumantinonit in Ammoniakgas, Wasserdampf und bei l2oo0C in gasförmiges Antimontrioxid. Das gasförmige Antimontrioxid reagiert mit der Oberfläche der Siliciumkristallscheiben in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff unter Bildung einer So203 - SiO2-Glasschicht,welche dann als feste Diffusionsquelle fungiert, indem Antimon in bekannter Weise in die Siliciumeinkrlstallscheiben eindiffundiert wird.By supplying an existing nitrogen or argon, over the Tap 15 and the flow meter 16 to a flow rate of 1ol / min. If the carrier gas flow is set, this solution is supplied with 1% oxygen via the tap 17th through the nozzle 4 against one in the reaction vessel 6 by means of a Bracket 7 attached baffle plate 5 sprayed and atomized. While the separated atomized (large) solution droplets over the wall of the reaction vessel 6 and the pipe 8 flow back into the storage vessel 3, the finely distributed solution droplets are from ammonium antimonite by means of the carrier gas flow (arrows 9) over the cut. or flange connection 1o in the furnace space 11 provided for the diffusion, in in this case a diffusion tube made of quartz with 60 mm clear width and 100 mm length, brought. In this quartz tube 11 are located on a stacking device 12 in The silicon crystal wafers to be diffused or to be coated are in the form of a quartz slide 13. The quartz tube 11 is cut to length by means of a heating furnace (not shown) heatable from 500 mm to 12oo0C. When flowing in with the ammonium antimonite solution When the loaded carrier gas flows into the hot furnace zone, the water content first evaporates of the solvent, then the ammonium antinonite decomposes in ammonia gas, Water vapor and at l2oo0C in gaseous antimony trioxide. The gaseous antimony trioxide reacts with the surface of the silicon crystal wafers in the presence of oxygen forming a So203 - SiO2 glass layer, which then acts as a solid diffusion source functions by the fact that antimony diffuses into the silicon crystal wafers in a known manner will.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine gemäß der Erfindung mit einer Antimonglasschicht 14 belegte Siliciumkristallscheibe 13.Fig. 2 shows one according to the invention with an antimony glass layer 14 coated silicon crystal wafer 13.
2 Figuren 14 Patentansprüche2 Figures 14 claims
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19712109300 DE2109300A1 (en) | 1971-02-26 | 1971-02-26 | Formation of masking, passivating or doping coatings - or contacts - on surfaces of semiconductors |
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DE19712109300 DE2109300A1 (en) | 1971-02-26 | 1971-02-26 | Formation of masking, passivating or doping coatings - or contacts - on surfaces of semiconductors |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2335950A1 (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1977-07-15 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | PROCESS FOR CARRYING OUT THE DIFFUSION OF AN IMPURITY IN A SEMICONDUCTOR BODY |
WO1999025896A1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-05-27 | Symetrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for misted deposition of thin films |
US5997642A (en) * | 1996-05-21 | 1999-12-07 | Symetrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for misted deposition of integrated circuit quality thin films |
-
1971
- 1971-02-26 DE DE19712109300 patent/DE2109300A1/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2335950A1 (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1977-07-15 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | PROCESS FOR CARRYING OUT THE DIFFUSION OF AN IMPURITY IN A SEMICONDUCTOR BODY |
US5997642A (en) * | 1996-05-21 | 1999-12-07 | Symetrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for misted deposition of integrated circuit quality thin films |
US6116184A (en) * | 1996-05-21 | 2000-09-12 | Symetrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for misted liquid source deposition of thin film with reduced mist particle size |
US6258733B1 (en) | 1996-05-21 | 2001-07-10 | Sand Hill Capital Ii, Lp | Method and apparatus for misted liquid source deposition of thin film with reduced mist particle size |
WO1999025896A1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-05-27 | Symetrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for misted deposition of thin films |
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