DE2108735B2 - Device for evaluating screens for radar or echo sounding devices - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for evaluating screen images for radar or echo sounder devices at least one screen tube, the image of which is transferred to an image storage disk, from where that of her The radiated image is viewed, the image storage panel having a layer of an electroluminescent Has material between two electrically conductive layers

From the DD-PS 31 953 an auxiliary device is already available Evaluation of screen images in round-view radar devices known in which an image storage panel is used and in which the radar image is on one side is projected so that the stored image can be viewed from the other side of the plate

This known device has the disadvantage that the image reproduction is blurred. The blurring is due to the Use of the layer structure consisting of a large number of layers, such as photoelectric layer tungsten grid, opaque layer, reflective layer and an electroluminescent layer conditionally

Based on this prior art, the problem arises, using the principle of Image projection and reproduction on one side of the image storage disk increase the optical efficiency optimize using a simple image storage disk.

This object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

The image storage disk used in the apparatus of the invention has the property that it is in a a certain wavelength (e.g. blue) is particularly sensitive, and that the light emanating from it has a s has a different wavelength (e.g. yellow) This makes it possible to use a filter that allows the from The light coming from the screen tube is allowed to pass through and the light coming from the image storage plate comes on a television camera can be reflected.

ίο A radar system, which is an echo receiving device according to the present invention is im following in one embodiment based on the

Drawing described. It shows F i g. 1 a schematic representation of the radar system

items,

Fig. 2. a cross-sectional view of an image storage panel as it is in the radar system according to FIG F i g. 1 is used,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view and a

Top view of the mounting arrangement of the image storage device. Plate in the rsdar system according to FIG. 1.

The radar system of the embodiment is for use on a ship for the delivery of one for the Navigation useful and supportive representation certainly

According to FIG. 1, a radar transceiver 1 is available, and this transceiver delivers to the Cathode ray picture tube 2 video signals corresponding to the radio frequency echo signals transmitted by an antenna 3 of the system can be received. The antenna 3 rotates in azimuth and the tube 2 rotates in order to receive echo signals from all directions generated in accordance with the video signals that you receive in succession from the transceiver 1 are supplied, an intensity-modulated panorama display of the received echo signals on their screen 4. A time unit or timer unit 5 associated with the transceiver 1, supplies the tube 2 signals, which c-'jf the screen 4 the generate rotating and appropriately synchronized radial time deflections (time base), which for the It is necessary to produce such a representation of successively incoming video signals is

The representation on the screen 4 is partially by a relay lens system 6 and by a transparent (both reflective and transparent) reflector 7 on an image-storing plate 8 exposed (optically transmitted) which plate 8 of

s> o is a form like that from Thorn-Electrical Industries Ltd. is sold commercially. This form of image retaining or image storing plates is described in a paper entitled "The Image Retaining Panel," by A. S. Henderson, published in the journal "New Scientist", Volume 16, pages 686 to 688, and also in another publication called "Studies of the mechanism of the Thorn image-retaining panel" by G. F. J. Garlick, R. Harvey, P. J. Clewer and P. W. Ranby, published in the "British Journal of Applied Physics", 1969, Series 2, Volume 2. This plate includes, as in detail in Fig.2 of Drawing to see a metal substrate (carrier) 10, the two superimposed glass-enamel layers U and 12 carries Electroluminescent phosphorus (basically e.g. zinc-cadmium sulfide) is embedded (e.g. finely divided) in the top layer 12, and this layer is then covered by an electrically conductive transparent

term film 13. Unidirectional voltage (DC voltage) from within the timer unit or Time unit 5 derived or tapped, is between the substrate 10 and the film 13 (film 13 positive with respect to the substrate 10) by a switch 14 s is applied, and under these conditions irradiation produces any area or part of the area of the layer 12 with light the building up of a yellowish glow or glow in this area or in this surface particle, in proportion to the ι ο intensity and the duration of the irradiation. That Radiating or emitting light from the layer 12 is maintained after the irradiation has ceased, so that the plate 8 is an "effective Memory ”through which it is any image records and stores to which it was exposed or the was optically radiated onto this plate. In this way the image becomes devoid of anything essential Deterioration in sharpness and contrast stored for a period of many Minutes, provided that the application of the direct voltage is not interrupted; but if one If this applied voltage is interrupted even only during a millisecond or dgL, then it will the image is no longer stored. The switch 14 is normally used for uninterrupted application the DC voltage to the plate 8 is kept closed.

According to FIG. 1 is the exposure (exposure) taking place through the lens system 6 and the reflector 7 Plate 8 through the screen 4 or from the screen 4 cause the plate 8 to display an image of the Cathode tube 2 delivered panorama display to hold (to save) and reproduce yourself. The image stored and reflected by the reflector 7 is scanned by a television camera 15. So feel the camera 15 the reflected image as superimposed on that through the reflector 7 from the screen 16 of the other cathode ray tube 17 from the transmitted image. The display on the screen 16 is essentially a duplicate of the intensity-modulated panorama display generated on the screen 4 we <i where the same video and synchronization signals as those supplied to the cathode ray tube 2 are also given to the cathode ray tube 17 from the transmitter egg receiver 1 and the time unit or timer unit 5. The rotating time base each cathode tube 2 and 17 is made by using a rotating deflection coil unit or -Genet generated and precise synchronization is made in this regard by using a direct mechanical connection 18 achieved between them

The video signals derived by the camera 15 from the superimposed display images in the reflector 7 are sent to a television monitor unit 19. leads (which can be one of many such units). The unit 19 has a large (e.g. 32 inches; coarse: 80 cm) TV screen and produces a brilliant, bright, high-contrast image of the superimposed Display images, which are available for the ship's navigational officer even under normal daylight conditions This image showing the radar information in black on a white is clearly visible Background or vice versa, one is composed; Panoramic representation of the radar es Information that is currently appearing on the screen 16 is superimposed on the information that is in the disk 8 The plate 8 builds, thanks to her cumulative retention (saving) of the ongoing incoming information or information as it is displayed on the screen 4, a "Historical record" of target or body movements in the one under radar surveillance Zone or area. The movement of a target appears in this record as a series of points, stretches or blobs that appear in the generally merge into the shape of a line. This line in the composite representation has as Head a horizontal bar or point that shows the current position of the target, and this line is (as it is from an image just saved and displayed from the disk 8, the same on the screen 16 is superimposed) is quickly and easily distinguishable from the other markings due to their greater intensity. The direction along the line to the named particular point (head) indicates the direction of movement of the target, and the Length of the line is an indication of the speed of the target movement (or at least he's path that is in the relevant period of time has been covered).

The "historical recording" (time-collecting recording) by the disk 8 can be erased and re-entered Gear can be set, namely simply by opening the switch 14, whereby the application of the DC voltage to the plate 8 is interrupted. You can also set it up so that the process of deleting and Restart is effected automatically; in particular, this can be done in a repetitive manner a frequency (time sequence) selected from a number of frequencies, for example every three, six or twelve minutes, for example through automatically controlled transitory opening of one Set of normally closed contacts 20 in unit 5. Contacts 20 are in unit 5 in Series with a set of normally closed contacts 21 and with a relay device 22 to or connected to the positive pole of a DC voltage source 23, and in this way control the contacts 20 the application of the voltage to the plate 8 via the switch 14, which is connected to the negative pole of the source 23 connected is

The relay device 22 serves to control a charging operation (priming operation) which is performed whenever the application of the DC voltage from the source 23 to the plate 8 is restored, regardless of whether the interruption of the voltage from the opening of the contacts 20 or of switch 14 or some other cause. For this purpose, the set of contacts 21 is a Resistance (ohmic resistance) 24 connected, and the relay device 22 also controls the Set of contacts 21 as well as a set of contacts 25, which in turn represent the subset Control lamp 26 located adjacent plate 8. Relay device 22 holds both Sets of contacts 21 and 25 closed and switch! thereby the resistance 24 parallel and sets the The lamp 26 is energized as soon as the flow of current is restored in the circuit which the plate 8 to the source 23 connects the lamp 26 (which produces blue light which is essentially free of infrared rays) is energized to generate high-intensity light, which the covering 12 of the Plate 8 flooded, and this causes plate 8 to have maximum current (e.g. 30 milliamperes) that a rapid build-up of F.ncrgie

and the layer 12 for light-emitting (light-emitting, generating the visible image the plate) brings. The device 22 holds the contacts 25 for energizing or holding the lamp 26 closed in such a way for only a short period (for example for one second) and Subsequently, the opening of the contact 25 also opens the contacts 21 briefly (for example for ten Milliseconds), so that the resistor 24 is introduced (comes into effect) and thereby, but not interrupting, the voltage applied to the plate 8 is reduced. The light emission from the plate 8 stops immediately on when the light supplied by lamp 26 goes out and the applied voltage is reduced has been; but as soon as the contacts 21 close again to restore full voltage, the plate 8 is in a condition that provides a bright image of the representation coming on and off the screen 4 Screen 4 reproduced, and the movements of the plate 8 across the base plate 27 are made parallel to the axes Λ and Y in the opposite directions of movement, so that the resulting shift

'> Exercise in the registration (setting) of the plate 8 with this midpoint runs according to the reciprocal of the ship's course. The disk 8 therefore stores Real motion information regarding the radar carrying ship and all targets, and that information

ίο is shown on the image on the reflector 7 which is provided by the screen 16 is superimposed. This representation, like the one on screen 2, is one Relative movement and compass stabilized representation, the north-south direction (as next to screen 16 in Fig. I) one chooses in this case perpendicular to both directions X and V, so as to achieve the appropriate or appropriate coordination with the image of the panel image (flat representation) that is from

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de, which would otherwise be necessary.

The representations supplied or generated by the cathode ray tubes 2 and 17 are compass-stabilized relative motion representations, but the composite pictorial representation obtained by superimposing the representation on the screen 16 with the representation provided by the plate 8 receives, shows the targets and the radar-carrying ship with superimposed "tails" that show or symbolize their real courses or orbits. For this purpose, the plate 8 is moved transversely to the light path coming from the screen 4, and this in accordance with the movements of the radar-carrying ship. More precisely: the plate 8 is mounted movably in every sense along each of the two coordinate directions above a base plate 27, the plate 8 being fixed on a hill or sub-frame 28 of a frame 29. The subframe 28 is bound to a movement parallel to a coordinate in the X direction via the base plate 27, while the frame 29 is bound to a movement parallel to a coordinate in the Y direction, as in FIG. 3 where Y is perpendicular to X is bound.

According to FIG. 3, movements of the auxiliary pipe 28 with respect to the frame 29 and movements of the frame 29 with respect to the base plate 27 controlled by actuators 30 and 31, which in accordance with iiiii ucii Zugchöiigcü signals for uic Nuiusüü- and east-west components of the ship's movement are electrified and confirmed. These signals are (in the normal manner employed where a representation of real motion is provided is) from a dissolving device, not shown - if necessary. Functional detector - derived in accordance with the compass course or the ship's course is or is set and from the ship's log with a signal representative of the ship's speed is supplied. The actuators 30 and 31 move depending on or correspondence from or to the Signals the plate 8 relative to the base plate 27, and as a result they change their registration or relative position with respect to the screen 4 in accordance with the true movement of the ship.

The relative speed display shown on screen 4 is or is compass-stabilized to maintain the setting of the north-south direction parallel to coordinate X. In this display, the radar-carrying ship is shown as a stationary spot or point in the center of the

(Calibration, distance circles) are just like a course line on the screen 16, but not on the screen 4, namely to appear (become visible) with the target information in the composite Representation as scanned by the television camera 15 and reproduced by the monitor unit 19.

The panorama image 7 presented by the monitoring unit 19> \% \ the radar-carrying ship as a spot or point that always remains in the center of the image. With the passage of time, a "tail" grows backwards from or from this point at a speed or rate that depends on the true speed of the ship, and thus shows its true course or path. All targets are shown as points or spots with radial and angular displacement (distance) from the center in accordance with their current (successive) positional relationships to the radar-carrying ship (i.e. according to their distance and other position relative to the ship). The range and bearing angle of each of these targets to the ship can therefore be obtained directly from a reference to the calibration and bearing rings appearing on the image, and this also enables the rates or values of changes in both distance and bearing angle can be quickly estimated. Furthermore grow from alien moved riürpcrit uticr Zicrcli backwards "Tails" at such rates, or at speeds that match the true speeds of the body or goals, and they also show their paths and courses. These real-course "tails" make it possible determining the true speed and aspect (this is, so to speak, the orientation or Attitude to the radar-carrying ship) of any moving target or body, and they allow all speed changes and / or changes in course are discovered quickly. The points in the image that are stationary targets such as buoys or depicting the coastline, etc., have no real-course "tails," and they are therefore easy off the representations of moving targets or objects distinguishable. The movements of the plate 8 in Correspondence with the movements of the radar-carrying ship are always used to store the Representations of stationary (stationary) objects or targets with their running (consecutive) Bringing representations on screens 4 and 16 back into line (aligning them), and so on

there is no smearing or blurring of these representations in the televised (televised) Picture possible.

Resetting of the plate 8 on the base plate 26 in order to bring the center of the plate 8 into alignment with the center of the display surface is carried out automatically whenever the contacts 20 are periodically opened _{in the time t '} ) Delete "historical record" and then start over.

In general, it is wake-up, the course line. how shown in the image of the monitor unit 19, with the course line or with the course of the radar-carrying ship itself in To keep cover, i.e. that the representation "ship's-head-up" (e.g. not correspondingly more upright heeling position of the ship). so that the image is all the easier in relation to that seen directly from the ship

(So you can compare the TV picture with the sight of the target directly visible from the ship itself). This can easily be completed in this present system, for example, by mounting the monitor unit 19 for at least partial rotation about a vertical or horizontal axis so that the navigational officer can rotate the entire unit 19 in order to achieve its appropriate orientation towards the target. The electrical connections to the unit 19 simply comprise a video input cable in simplified form inclined in Fig. 1 and a main feed cable is also shown, and consequently there is no great difficulty in assembling the unit 19 with the possibility of rotating it over, for example, a few -Sfc5 or 400 degrees (angle of rotation). As an alternative, however, the camera 15 can be rotatably mounted, namely, for example, about its visual axis. In any case, the necessary rotation r. To maintain the relationship of the "ship's -'- eg 1-up" (the upright S'-h, ' ¹ -.- ..ze without curvature) under control of the or du ch das Compass system can be operated a-romatic

The image-storing t ..: κ 8 has, although it itself must emit yellowish light (We !! - n! Ä>; gt · 6000 Angstrf.m-units)? A rnaxi: nal sensitivity to blue 1 - iWl cr.iänpe 4500 Angstrom units), and this approach leads accordingly to the choice of a blue phosphorus tube for the cathode ray tube 2. The fact that there is a difference in wavelength between the irradiation and emission of the plate 8 is, however, used for this purpose; . Jc effectiveness or the degree of effectiveness of the optical device to be ^r . as supplied by Barr and Stroud Ltd.! which transmits or transmits the blue light emitted by the tube 2, but reflects the yellowish light coming from the plate 8. The use of a filter of this type clearly influences the choice of which tube 17 is to be used cathode ray tube to be used, and in di In this regard, a tube with blue-orange light emission characteristics is preferably used. The tube 17 necessarily has a long afterglow period so that the panorama image remains visible during the complete time base rotation (cycle). However, the same requirement for the afterglow period does not apply

ίο space for tube 2 because all required Storage time is provided by the image storage plate 8, and so the choice for the tube 2 can be made quite simply with a view to achieving a maximum light emission intensity.

Experience shows that there is sufficient differentiation in the image provided by the plate 8 itself, differences (contrasts) make it possible, inter alia, to distinguish the current position of the target from its previous (previous) positions. Under these circumstances, the tube 17 can be dispensed with, which gives the same display of the target information as the tube 2 ; the representation of the calibration and bearing rings and the Ku ^r s line

y-, and also the establishment (e.g. fade-in) of an adiusiatable, e.g. B. rotatable pointer line (z. B. direction indicator line) can simply by using one or more suitably mounted and illuminated screens or disks at the point (amt place) of the

:, (> Screen 16 according to FIG. 1 can be achieved. The tube 17 can, however, also be retained and used to display alpha-numerical information, which is desired, for example, to be superimposed on the monitor image -

Ii means the plate 8 can be mounted or fastened on a frame or some other device which is about an axis '.'; -fibar is. which is perpendicular to the plane of the X and Y co-ordinate directions, and can then be rotated around them through the ship's compass system

φ ^ -iceineben, so that automatically a "ship's- i \ cda ! '! -" - representation on the plate 8 itself A-ird achieved: this avoids the need to rotate or twist the monitor unit 19 or the camera 15, such as this in the previous paragraph

was warned.

Although in the system described above, namely according to FIG. i, viei information on the disk 8 during every complete revolution (during a tilt, a panorama cycle) of the rotating time base

■ on je: -c '-. Rubbed, this does not necessarily mean : s: ~. ■ rd it kz "· ' are found to be advantageous. Be .-. P ^{;: -:} i'-v ;;: e - ~ ~~ reduction of confusion irr rssui'ieranden picture, before keeping 4 target informators away from the screen or to suppress that occur, for example, in the alternating rotations or tilts.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Device for evaluating visual images for radar or echo sounder devices with at least one Screen tube, the image of which is transferred to an image storage disk, from where the one emitted by it Image is viewed with the bikini plate having a layer of an electroluminescent material having between two electrically conductive layers, characterized in that the Screen tube (2) emits light with a wavelength on which the image storage plate (8) is a maximum is sensitive and a filter is arranged between the screen tube (2) and the image storage plate (8) is through which the light emanating from the screen tube (2) passes, but that of the the image storage plate (8) emitted light, the one has a different wavelength to the incident light, in the direction of a television camera (15) reflected. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the television camera (15) the image of a second screen tube (17) scans from this screen tube (17) by the Riter (7) to TV camera (15) arrives 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the second screen tube (17) is a for a screen tube (2) has a long persistence of the image 4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filter (7) transmits blue-colored light and yellow-colored light reflected 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the second screen tube (17) is a emits blue-orange light