DE2107894A1 - A suitable layer for shaping by non-cutting deformation or deep-drawing is made of a thermoplastic resin and fibers, as well as a process for its production - Google Patents

Description

Produits Chimiciues PECHIHEY-SAIITT-GOBAIIT 67, Boulevard du Chateau, 92-Neuilly-sur-Seine

France

concerning:

"Layer material made of a thermoplastic resin and fibers suitable for shaping by non-cutting deformation or deep-drawing, as well as processes for its Manufacture. "

Pie invention relates to reinforced thermoplastic materials, which are made up of fibers and thermoplastic Composing resins; These materials can be applied to devices for non-cutting deformation and / or deep drawing be used for the purpose of shaping workpieces and objects of large dimensions.

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The invention also relates to a method for producing these materials.

Deformable thermoplastics are well known in the industry and have interesting properties on. Nevertheless, those molded from resins alone or from mixtures of resins and additives have Products do not always, or often not to a sufficient degree, have the desired and necessary properties, which means that Field of application of the resins mentioned is restricted.

Attempts have been made to improve the mechanical behavior of the fittings by inserting into the parts to be deformed Masses of reinforcing agents incorporated, namely in particular fibrous materials such as fibers, threads, strands, Fabrics, mats and other products based on natural or artificial, mineral or organic Fibers. The incorporation of fibers into a mass to be deformed, however, brings difficulties when this Operation is carried out by the processor.

When molding by injection molding, extrusion or transfer molding, fiber-reinforced molded pieces can be produced obtained by introducing the fibers and the resin into the feed of the processing device or that one made of resin and fibers consisting of granules, which are then poured into the feed hopper. The in the form of However, products in the form of granules cannot be used for shaping by deep drawing or thermal deformation will.

In contrast, the invention relates to a material which is characterized in that it is in the form of Sheets or coarse films are made from fibers of more

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than ^ O mm in length, together with thermoplastics exist. The materials according to the invention are distinguished also in that they are directly on the devices for shaping by pressing or deep drawing in the cold or in the heat and that they can be applied in any amount, preferably but less than 50% by weight of glass, the remainder being a thermoplastic resin including the customary additives, such as stabilizers against heat and UV radiation, lubricants and, if appropriate, dyes and weighting substances is.

If necessary, the materials according to the invention are in a form that matches the appearance, mechanical behavior and coherence of an asbestos paperboard exhibit.

According to another embodiment, the material lies in the form of rigid plates with a smooth surface, in which the resin runs through the entire thickness or is gelled in a more or less large part of the cross section.

The glass fiber content of the panels, which in total is less than 50%, preferably less than * J-0% by weight, can be distributed differently within the panel cross-section in a special embodiment, so that layers with more and those with less than kO or 50 % available.

For example, the material in the core can consist of almost 100% resin, with the glass fiber content then correspondingly increased on both sides of this core layer or the material only has one side on the

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Surface a resin content of almost 100

According to a further embodiment, the material has a weak resin content in the core, while the resin content on both sides is almost 100 % , the total content of glass fibers remaining below 50%.

The material according to the invention can also be used in the core the appearance, the mechanical behavior and the coherence made of asbestos cardboard and have the appearance of a sheet of shiny synthetic resin on the surface.

Yet another embodiment consists in that layers with a higher resin content alternate with those with a lower resin content, the total content of glass fiber always remaining below 50%.

The method according to the invention for the production of reinforced products, which are intended for shaping by cold or hot forming or by deep drawing in the cold or in the heat, is characterized by a combination of several, continuously strung together operations, in which initially one or more fibrous Products with long fibers are impregnated with a latex or an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastics, then dried, smoothed and gelled. (For the sake of brevity, the impregnated and dried products that have not yet been subjected to any other operation, such as compression, are referred to below as "primary products").

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According to another embodiment, this is according to the invention Process characterized by several successive and continuously carried out operations, namely initially by impregnating one or more fibrous products with long fibers with the help of an aqueous latex or an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastics, coagulation, Squeezing and drying and subsequent smoothing and partial or complete gelling. Possibly several primary plates or foils can be pressed together in the heat during smoothing and gelling then a product that has the desired thickness and resistance.

According to the invention, the glass content and the Properties of the desired end product such that several different fiber products are found when passing through the bath combined, the choice being made according to the absorbency that the fiber products have over against have the impregnation bath; instead or in addition to this, you can also set the throughput speed

modify through the bath, depending on the absorption capacity of the fiber product or products to be treated.

Another possibility for adjusting the glass content in the end product is that two or more impregnated products, which have merely been dried and have different glass contents, are combined
subjected to the smoothing and gelling process.

According to the invention, the bath contains an aqueous latex or an aqueous emulsion or dispersion in which

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the particles of the thermoplastic resin have dimensions of 0.1 to 10 / U, a thickener, so that the viscosity of the bath is between 5 and 500 cp, and additives such as lubricants, heat and UV stabilizers, antioxidants and optionally dyes for the Resin. The latex or emulsion has a content of pesticides in the form of thermoplastic resin between 30 and 55% .

According to a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, the impregnation bath consists of one Latex or an emulsion with thermoplastic resin particles from 0.1 to 1 / U in diameter, additives such as lubricants, Stabilizers, antioxidants, optionally dyes and one or more fine-grain weighting agents, in which the grain size is preferably between 0.1 and 5 / U, and a thickener, the The viscosity of the bath is between 5 and 500 cp and the weight ratio of weighting agent to polymer is between 0.1 and 1 can vary.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of laminates with different glass content, which consists in first impregnating the fiber products with long fibers according to one of the processes described above, so that a primary product with a higher glass content, for example between 50 and 60 % _t obtained, to which thermoplastic resin is then applied alone to form the layer or layers with a higher resin content, the total content being adjusted to a value below 50%, preferably below 40 %.

A particular embodiment of the method for producing the above-mentioned products consists in one

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Combination of various continuous operations, namely the impregnation of one or more fiber products with long fibers using a latex or an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic resin, drying, Renewed impregnation with the same latex or with a latex of a different, compatible resin, drying and smoothing and gelling. In this case one or both sides of the surface are impregnated, whereby the product as a ball or cut into individual plates can be treated.

According to another embodiment, a material with a core layer with a very high resin content is obtained by joining two primary sheets or plates after the impregnation described with the aid of a layer of pure or practically pure resin, ie without fibers or practically without fibers. The thickness of this .Harzschicht is calculated in such a way that here too the total glass content of the end product is still below 50, preferably below 40 % . *

In the last-mentioned embodiment, a resin layer made of powdery or liquid resin can be used

or even apply from resin in the form of foils or plates; this operation must be immediate in all three cases after leaving the drying and gelation stage be carried out during the impregnation process, as the layers with regard to the mechanical behavior during Process (or in the case of resin films during deep drawing) only when they come under the press, a uniform Make whole. The resin applied can be the same as the one used for impregnation, or one can choose another resin. Among the resins or resin mixtures that are compatible with or with the impregnating resin

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be liable. If you want to apply a resin for which this does not apply, you have to put between the layer of impregnation resin and introduce an adhesive into the resin to be applied.

According to one embodiment of the process according to the invention, the impregnation bath or baths consist of a latex or an emulsion, in which the thermoplastic resin particles have a diameter of 0.1 to 1 λχ, and also of additives such as lime products, emulsifiers, lubricants, stabilizers, antioxidants, if necessary Dyes and one or more fine-grain weighting agents with a particle diameter of preferably 0.1 to 5 / U and a thickener; the bath viscosity is between 5 and 500 cp. A modification of this process consists in using a latex which is a mixture of two compatible latexes of different resins "

If you want to get to colored products, the layers with a high glass content and those with a high Resin content can be colored differently.

Used as an aqueous suspension, dispersion or latex of thermoplastics for impregnation according to the invention a latex of polymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride or styrene or of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, of ternary or quaternary polymers on the addition of acrylonitrile, butadiene, Styrene or acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and its esters or of maleic acid, maleic anhydride or fumaric acid; or a latex of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers or of natural or synthetic chewing

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schuken; also aqueous dispersions of polyethylene, polypropylene, Polymers of chlorofluoroethylenes or polyamides are suitable.

The resins that make up the films or "molten mass" are malleable

Resins or resin mixtures, products of homo- or copolymerization, or derivatives of the following monomers: vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, styrene, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and its esters, acrylonitrile, butadiene, isoprene, ethylene, propylene, chlorofluoroethylene, maleic acid, Maleic anhydride and esters, fumaric acid and its esters, or they are polycondensation products, such as polyamides, elastomers and rubbers.

The following can be used as weighting agents: Silica, clays, calcium carbonate, titanium oxides and others Substances known to those skilled in the art.

The following can be used as fiber inlays: mats, fabrics, rovings, non-woven fabrics, yarns, threads, all based on long or infinite mineral fibers, e.g. ceramic or metallic fibers, in particular but fibers made of glass or asbestos; but also on the basis of organic fibers, such as fibers made of cellulose or Polyamide.

The materials according to the invention are particularly good suitable for thermoforming or deep drawing for the purpose of producing workpieces with a large surface and have a relatively small thickness in relation to the other dimensions, for example a "thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm.

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The terms "non-cutting deformation" or "heat deformation" here mean various processes for shaping in the cold or in the heat, such as the following: extrusion blow molding and suction processes, deformation with or without a blow ring, blowing against a type of skeleton ^: f interrupted shape, Rubber pressing process, flanging or roller burnishing, die-cutting, spinning.

The word "drawing" or "deep drawing" denotes Operations such as embossing with the die, die cutting, deep drawing on the press with a male or female mold, Drawing with or without a sliding hold-down, stretch-forming.

The following examples relate to the execution of the impregnation and then the Results of tests with the products obtained are shown.

In the composition of the bath and the percentages of glass or resin, the values given are parts by weight or percentages by weight, unless otherwise specified.

To produce the impregnation bath, one mixes the latex on the one hand and an emulsion on the other

the stabilizers, the antioxidants and optionally the dyes, the weighting agents and the dispersing agent contains; the mixing device is preferably a turbine mixer.

To carry out the coagulation and squeezing phase if the membrane is set after impregnation, the coagulant

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lation means and then sends them through between pressure rollers, so that when squeezing the main part drains of water.

The coagulants are baths such as a solution of calcium chloride or aluminum sulfate and the like, or physical means, such as cold, heat, pressure, ultrasound, or mechanical means, such as stirring.

A solution of calcium chloride is preferably used as the coagulant, for example 15 to Contains 100 g per liter and is constantly renewed and heated to a temperature between room temperature and 95 ° C is. If necessary, the web can be subjected to the action of heat as it exits the coagulation bath to speed up dehydration and squeezing.

The products resulting from the first impregnation are called primary products; about theirs Properties, in particular their suitability for deformation alone or in combination, were determined the primary products in the examples are in the form of plates for reasons of ease of handling and for reasons of space used.

example 1

One prepares a bath:

100 parts of latex with 44 % dry mass of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with a viscosity index of 120 and a grain size of 0.1-0.5 / U and
an emulsion obtained from:
0.5 parts of potassium laurate with

5 parts of a mixture

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Water 80 parts

Hydrargillite clay, fine 20 parts

Tin stabilizer + quphenylindole 13.2 parts

The bath has a viscosity of 45 cp.

Example 2

In this example, a latex of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is used (ABS) used. One mixes:

100 parts ABS latex with 40 % dry matter and a particle size of 0.2-0.7 / U

with a paste of 4-5 parts of water, 25 parts of hydrargillite alumina, fine, 0.4 parts of sodium pyrophosphate and 8 parts of antioxidant.
The viscosity of the bath is 25 cp.

Example 3

As in the previous example, an ABS latex is used and in this case the bath is composed as follows:
One mixes:
100 parts ABS latex with 38 % dry matter, grain size

0.2 - 0.7 / U with an emulsion composed as follows: '

2 parts of sodium oleate (aqueous solution with 35 g / l), 0.25 part of stabilizer «Barostat CWM 35» (manufacturer Societe Barlocher),

2.5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose (thickener), 0.5 part of titanium oxide.

The bath has a viscosity of 35 cp.

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example

A bath is prepared as in Example 1, ie starting from the same latex of polyvinyl chloride with a viscosity index of 120.
One mixes:

100 parts of polyvinyl chloride latex with an emulsion of 2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (aqueous solution with 31 g / l),

1 part tin stabilizer, 1 part carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5 part titanium oxide. The viscosity of the bath is 31 cp.

Example 5

An impregnation bath is prepared from 100 parts of a latex (50 % dry matter) of a copolymer of 66.6 % styrene, 26.4 % ethyl acrylate and 7 % acrylic acid and part of the "Barostat CWM" stabilizer. The impregnation process involves applying one of the above baths to the following glass-based products or combinations of these products:

Product A - mat made of long fibers (approx. 50 mm),

450 g / m ²

Product B - mat made of infinite fibers (450 g / m)

Product C - mat made of long fibers (200-300 mm), no

connected, 200 g / m Product D - mat made of long fibers, (approx. 50 mm),

300 g / m ²

The fiber product is impregnated, optionally together with one or more of the above others Fiber products, in a standard impregnation bath. One can

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such a single fiber product, e.g. a mat, a fleece, a fabric, or a combination of a mat with a fleece or a fabric, or a mat, which is placed between two fleeces or two fabrics or between a fleece and a fabric, impregnate.

To facilitate the description, the essential parts are given as examples without a restrictive sense of the device used, which in turn are generally in use and not part of the invention are: A feeding device for the fiber products, i.e. one or possibly more grating belts and / or the reels (which the fiber products in the form of rolls or Carrying bobbins), the number of these devices corresponding to the number of fiber products used; one Impregnation device, namely a pulverization device, the trough for the bath, a metallic support and playpen (driven in the usual way) which pulls the fiber product through the bath in the trough ^ and finally Devices for coagulation, squeezing and drying. If necessary, the impregnation device Bakel and / or pressure rollers, as they are for such Facilities are known.

A coagulation device, for example a trough with a solution of 100 g calcium chloride per liter at 80 ^° C .; the bathroom is supplemented and renewed according to its consumption.

A squeezing device consisting, for example, of two pressure rollers.

the
A drying device with at least one infrared oven, a hot-air tunnel oven, or a high-frequency oven as a component, individually or in any desired combination «

A device for cutting the dried web

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in primary plates or foils.

A device for smoothing and gelling, which can be a heated printing press or a heated calender.

When performing the procedure, the products take the following route:

After being unwound from the reels, the fiber product is introduced into the bath contained in the trough. The bath based on PVC latex (examples 1 and 4) or ABS latex (examples 2 and 3) or polystyrene latex (example 5) is at room temperature. After passing through the impregnation bath, the impregnated product is placed in the coagulation bath, which consists of a solution of 100 g CaCl ₂ per liter and is kept at approximately 80 ° C. The impregnated fiber product then runs between 2 pressure rollers. Optionally, the squeezing off after the coagulation bath or even both the coagulation and the squeezing off can be omitted.

The product, always supported by a playpen or bath, then passes through a tunnel oven, where it is exposed to a temperature of 150 to 200, preferably 160 to 170 C; the duration of the passage is then, according to the experiment, from 1 to 8 minutes.

The emerging product, consisting of fibers which are coated with the resin, which is already showing the beginning of gelling on its surface, has the form of a film of varying thickness of less than 15 mm (generally 0.2 to "5 mm ) whose "appearance and strength varies between an asbestos cardboard and a relatively solid board. In certain cases it is so soft that it can be wound onto a reel or spool, but it is preferably 10984 2/1 8 U * ~ ^ίβ ~

cut into primary plates or foils. Example 6

For the production of panels consisting only of primary foils, a dried product is subjected smoothing and gelling. This operation is carried out by passing the product through a calender sends it or compresses it in a press. Several primary foils or plates are compressed in a press Pressure and heating. Here you can cross the grain direction of both individual layers if you want considers it right to reinforce the mechanical properties in several directions.

The products coming out of the drying process were after being cut into primary films, subjected to smoothing and gelling under the following conditions, wherein several primary foils were placed one on top of the other between the plates of the press:

Temp . Duration of primary foils with bath according to Example 1 19O ° C 15 min.

Primary foils with bath according to Example 2 ¹⁹ S ^{0 20 min} * Primary foils with bath according to Example 3 ¹ ^ o ^{0 20 min} · Primary foils with bath according to Example 4 190 C 15 min.

Rigid plates were obtained in which the resin is completely or practically completely gelled. Test pieces or rods, on which measuring scales were attached, were cut from the plates obtained. the The bending properties are shown in Table 1:

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Resin reinforcement Mass after. Mass after Thickness of the labile 1 number of Bending Bend resistance 2250 Example 2 Product A Example 3 Product A Primary foil Glasge Primary foils modulus ρ stood in
kg / cm 1250 Product C Product B stop in ok kg / cm 870 1600+ Mass after. Product A. Product C (Product A 0.5 4th 56000 810 1250 ++ '* Example 1 _{Product c} (+ Product C 0.7 54 4th 37000 960 INI
1050 ~ x O Product C (Product B 0.7 22nd 3 38000 850 ο co 12.5 -"1 OO Mass after 890 2200 «> * »· Example 4 Product A 0.5 3 68000 630 π 1800 <° ro Product B 0.61 48 4th 43000 560 ■ ~ °
I. 1800 ⁴ ^ ^ ** Product A. 0.7 20th 5 27000 I. 900 OO Product C 15th 0.5 5 103000 0.55 63 4th 58000 1.1 39 3 56500 + 41 54000 ++ 1.05 2 39500 + 32 34500 ++ 0.55 4th 104000 0.55 51 5 112000 0.55 43 5 80000 0.7 27 4th 50000 22nd

+ The measurement was carried out so that the product C was placed next to the stamp ++ The measurement was carried out in such a way that the product A or B was arranged next to the stamp

Example 7

For the purpose of producing composite panels with a high PVC content in the core, primary panels are first produced by impregnating a mat according to product D with the aid of a bath according to example 4. After drying, gelling and cutting into plates, "primary plates" are obtained with a glass content of 59 % and a thickness of approximately 0.4 mm (thickness irregular). With these primary plates a composite plate is made in the following way:

A primary plate is placed between the plates of a hydraulic molding press, then a plate made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) homopolymer, viscosity index 95, and then another primary plate. It is heated for 12 minutes without pressure to 185 ⁰ C (temperature of the plates of the press)

then a pressure of 60 kg / cm is applied for a further 3 minutes. The flexural resistance and flexural modulus are determined as * above on test strips cut from the finished panel. The results are shown in Table 2.

tab hurry 2 Bend no.
resistance
in kg / cm ² Bending
module in
kg / cm ² Thickness of pvc
plates Thickness of the
Laminate Glass content 2100
160O
1470
1100 96,000
89,000
80,000
62,000 0.8
1.2
2.0
4.3
example 1.5
2.0
2.8
5.1
8th 20.3
15.8
10.6
9

For the production of composite panels with a high ABS resin content, primary panels are first made

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by impregnating a mat according to product D with a bath according to example ^; Glass content 59 % »

Then a first primary plate is placed in the press, then a plate made of ABS (60 % polybutadiene, 20 % styrene, 20 % acrylonitrile) 2 mm thick and finally a primary plate.

The whole is deformed with a heating time of 12 minutes, without pressure and a further 3 minutes under a pressure of

75 kg / cm, with the platen temperature of the press being 190 to 195 ° C.

Composite plates are obtained with a glass

hold of 25 % and a flexural modulus of 85,000 kg / cm. Example 9

In order to produce composite panels with a core with a high resin content (polystyrene) one proceeds as follows:

First of all, primary plates are produced by impregnating one mat according to product A and another according to product D with a bath according to example 5. Primary plates with glass contents of 51 % (product A) and 53.5 % (product D) are obtained. To produce composite panels according to Example 7, a polystyrene panel obtained from polystyrene granules obtained by emulsion polymerization ^{is placed between the primary panels Λ and D.} It is pressed at 175 ° with a heating time without pressure of 10 minutes and a heating time under pressure of

20 kg / cm for 2 minutes.

Table 3 shows values which were measured on strips, some of which came from panels made from primary foils of different thickness, while the others came from the composite panels according to Example 7. _ _{? Q}

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Tabel

Type of open- Reinforcements Thickness of the middle- Thickness of the- Glass- Bend- Bend shapes Plates plate in mm shaped plate holds in resistance module in

Weight% in kg / cm2 kg / cm ²

k primary plates

Laminates

Product D Product A

Product D Product A

¹ ^
1.8

¹ ^ 1.8

2.3

2.4

53.5
51

21
31.5

2250
2200

1800
1900

115000 104000

104000 128000

CO

Example 10

Proceeds for the production of composite panels with a core with a relatively low resin content one like this:

Primary panels are first produced by impregnating a mat according to product A and a mat according to product D with the aid of a bath according to example 5. With product A, a primary film with a glass content of 51 % is obtained, with product D one with a | Glag content of 53.5 %.

The composite plates are then produced by first introducing a film of copolymer ABS (60 % polybutadiene, 20 % styrene, 20 % acrylonitrile) 0.2 mm thick into the press at a temperature of 170 ^° C., followed by a primary plate , which is made of 4th primary films and finally a film made of copolymer ABS as above. Pressing is carried out for 6 minutes with heating without pressure and for 3 minutes under a pressure of 75 kg / cm.

The assembled panels show the following ^ properties: "

From product A: glass content ^ 0 %, flexural modulus 80,000

kg / cm ²

From product D: glass content 42 %, flexural modulus 92,000 _?

kg / cm

Example 11

For the production of composite panels with a layer of low resin content and a layer with a high resin content (PVC) proceed as follows:

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With the aid of a bath according to Example 4 and a mat made from product D, primary plates or foils are produced. Primary films with a glass content of 59% are obtained.

With these primary foils, composite panels are produced on the press at 185 ° C. by following the example 7 proceeds, but only a sheet made of pure PVC and a primary film are used. You get an asymmetrical composite plate, which is why their properties are not are identical, depending on the sense in which the measurement is

takes.

Table 4 shows the measurement results.

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T a t> e 1 1 e

Thickness of the PVC sheet in mm

Thickness of the composite panel in mm

Glass content of the assembled panel in %

Bending resistance Bending bending Bearing in kg / cm ² module in resistance

kg / cm ² in kg / cm2 module

in ₂ kg / cm

2.5 3.8

2.8

, 5

000
950

000
000

300
100

47000 43OOO

VjO

ro

09

ta

Example 12

First of all, using the bath according to Example 4, primary foils with a glass content of 59 % are produced.

These films are allowed to run through under an atomizer nozzle while still warm and the same PVC latex of Example ^ is pulverized, then dried and gelled.

Then k impregnated primary foils are placed under the press again. A plate is obtained with a

Glass content of ^ 8 % and a flexural modulus of 85,000 kg / cm,

The materials according to the invention have the following advantages:

Thanks to the reinforcement of the bending modulus of the neat resin is improved ^ is obtained with a glass content of 10 to 20% of a flexural modulus for the product with ABS resin, the double ^s HOCN than that of the virgin resin, while that of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is increased to 1.5 times. With a glass content of around 30 % , the flexural modulus is increased two or three times.

The impact resistance of the objects is that of the objects made from resins reinforced with short fibers.

The behavior of the workpieces at higher temperatures is significantly improved; it is to be assumed that the resin has a softening point which is ABS resin at about 3O ⁰ C and PVC to 2O ⁰ C higher than that of the pure resins.

The products can be formed by cold or hot forming or by drawing in the cold or in the warm, i.e. they can be used in the same way as they cannot

reinforced products, but obtaining articles with better properties.

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Compared to pure resins you can, because the molded

Objects exhibit better mechanical behavior, objects obtained of a smaller thickness without fear of impairing their strength is.

The products of the invention with low glass content and therefore lower density enable the production of pressed parts of lower weight, but the same strength and equal resilience. The cost price of the products according to the invention is decreased.

Incidentally, one or the other property can be achieved by cleverly combining the layers or foils of finished products. This has the following effects:

If you want to produce good rigidity when bending, you bring the layer with a high glass content (resin content below 50 %) to the outside (e.g. a fiber-free film between 2 primary films with a glass content between 50 and 80 %) . This is how a layer with a high glass content is arranged in the middle. If you want to create a surface effect (shiny appearance, hardness, color, etc.), you choose a layer with a very high resin content for the surface.

The materials according to the invention and the method their production can therefore be used for the most varied of purposes in the production of Adapting automobiles and household appliances, in the electrical industry and in furniture manufacturing.

8631. Claims;

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Layer material made of a thermoplastic material suitable for shaping by non-cutting deformation or deep drawing Resin and fibers, characterized in that it is in the form of τοη plates and contains fibers, preferably glass fibers, with a length of more than 40 mm, any glass content, preferably one of less than 50 wt .- ^ - has and the remainder is a thermoplastic resin or resin mixture and the usual additives such as stabilizers against heat and UV radiation, contains lubricants and optionally dyes and weighting substances. 2. Material according to claim 1, characterized in that it has the appearance and the mechanical Exhibits behavior of an asbestos cardboard. 3. Material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the resin on the surface of the plate is subjected to a smoothing and gelation treatment became. 4. Material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the resin is substantially is gelled in the core of the plate. 1098A2 / 18U if 5. Material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates consist of several layers which have a different glass content among themselves, which can be more than 50% in some layers, but less than 50 % i preferably less in the entire material as ^ O % . 6. Material according to claim 5 »characterized in that it has a core layer with a resin content of approximately 100 % and on both sides of the core layer layers with resin contents of less than 50 % glass _M with the total content remaining below 50 % . 7. Material according to claim 5, characterized in that it has a layer with a resin content of approximately 100 % on the surface of one side, the total glass content remaining below 50% . 8. Material according to claim 5, characterized in that it has a core layer with a lower resin content and above it on both sides layers with a resin content of approximately 100 % , the total remaining below 50 % . 9. Material according to claim 5 »characterized in that it has alternating layers with higher and those with lower resin content, the total glass content remaining below 50 % . 10. A method for producing the materials according to any one of claims 1- * J-, characterized in that that one or more fiber products with long fibers, preferably glass fibers, with the help of an aqueous latex or an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic resins impregnated, the impregnated product of a coagulation and - 3 -1098A2 / 18H 2107834 ZS Subject to drying treatment, gelation of the resin causes and cuts the product into sheets. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized geke η η z-eichnet that a bath is used for impregnation which contains a latex or an aqueous emulsion with resin particles of a particle size between 0.1 and 10 , u and a thickener, and its Viscosity is between 5 and 500 cp, and in which additives such as lubricants, heat or UV stabilizers, antioxidants and optionally dyes for the resin are contained. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that a bath is used for impregnation, that also has one or more fine-grained weighting agents with a grain size between 0.1 and 5 / U contains. 13. The method according to claims 10, 11 and 12 for the production of the materials according to claims 1-3 »characterized in that the glass content and the Properties of the end product are set by using several different Paser products for the impregnation used together, the choice being made according to the absorbency of the Paser products have the impregnation bath and / or in that one the speed of passage through the bath in relation to the absorbency of the treated Paser products modified. 1 * K method according to one of claims 10 to 13 for the production of the material according to claim 4, characterized in that several plates of the materials according to claim 2 are subjected to gelling, these plates optionally having different glass contents and / 1098Ä2 / 18U ' * ^k - or contain reinforcements of various types and are optionally arranged in such a way that the fiber directions cross one another. 15 · - Process according to one of claims 10 to 13 for the production of the materials according to one of claims 5-9, characterized in that Paser products are impregnated with long fibers in such a way that a primary product with a glass content between 50 and 60 % is obtained and that thermoplastic resin alone is used to produce the layers with a higher resin content, the total glass content being reduced to a value of below 50 %, preferably below ko% . l6. Method according to claim 15 for producing the material according to claim 6, characterized in that that you can apply thermoplastic resin by yourself Spraying of latex on the primary product and then renewed drying and gelation and that several primary products are joined by the action of heat connects. 17. The method according to claim 151, characterized in that the resin is applied by sprinkling made of powdered solid resin, uifi. the Layers united by pressure and heat. 18. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that that the resin is applied in the liquid state, 19. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the resin in the form of a film or Applying plate. 20. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 19, characterized in that a thermoplastic Resin used, which is different from the impregnation resin, - 5 1098A2 / 18U . 2107834 30 however, it is compatible with this. 21. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 20, characterized in that the latex and / .or choose the resin from among the group which the latices or resins of homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride, styrene, vinylidene chloride and latices or Resins of acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymers includes. 109842/18 U