DE2103530A1 - Control valves for concrete and mortar pumps, in particular for pumping shotcrete - Google Patents

Description

Patent application

Mr. Leo W. Englert, 3500 Kassel, Kölnische Strasse 113

Control valves for concrete and mortar pumps, in particular for pumping shotcrete

The use of ball valves, which are used in the operation of Mortar pumps have proven, caused considerable difficulties with concrete pumps, so that one predominantly flaoh or rotary valve had to be provided, which however, due to their design, required a high level of technical effort and the profitability of the pumping operation due to high wear affect. With the design according to the invention the ball valves, however, have the option of utilizing the advantages of the same when pumping concrete. Their puncture is secured, especially with shotcrete with grain sizes up to 16 mm. Jedooh is with appropriate Relation between the largest grain size and the ball diameter its application in the conveyance of all types of concrete has become possible.

In Figure 1, a previously predominantly used design is sol -'- rather Feed pump shown in vertical section. In the cylinder

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moves β loh the piston 2, which sucks in the conveyed material in the suction stroke via the suction valve 3 from the suction line h , so that the chamber 5 and the cylinder 1 are filled and in the pressure stroke the conveying volume via the pressure valve 6, Ausgleiohskammer 7 and port 8 into the Delivery line is pressed. The balls 3 and 6 are usually guided in cages and their stroke is limited. Although the balls have the tendency to fall back on their seat due to their own weight and the backstroke of the conveyed material in the stroke change, without lateral guidance they would usually hit their seat on one side, which would be quickly destroyed “In order to get the ball valves to function reasonably well, one was forced to arrange them vertically and to choose the weight of the balls as high as possible. The obstruction of the flow through the cages and the increased stress on the valve seats had to be accepted. Attempts were made to reduce the latter by encasing an iron core of the balls with rubber or by using seats made of elastic material.

However, these means fail in the promotion of concrete, as rubber and similar materials were quickly destroyed.

The disadvantages outlined are avoided by balls according to the invention. It consists in the fact that those made of steel Cast iron or another wear-resistant material

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manufactured balls are provided with a preferably central cavity, through which their volume weight is equal to or approximately equal to the volume weight of the material to be conveyed. For concrete this would be a specific weight of about 2 _t h. With this measure, the ball floats in the conveyed material} it follows every flow movement of the same. Since a predominantly laminar flow occurs in the valve chambers, which runs axially to the vent openings, the ball is guided with certainty onto the valve seat during its closing movement without the need for a special lateral guide, as was previously necessary for the valve lying down was. The conveyed material can now flow freely unhindered by any guide cages. Only a stroke limitation for the ball is to be provided, for which a bolt inserted transversely through the chamber is sufficient, which does not significantly disturb the flow.

The now much lighter balls wear out and their valve seats are no longer so fast, which is why these, in contrast to the plastic one that has been partially used up to now Material made of hardened steel or similar wear-resistant hard material, which in turn extends the service life and improves the closure will"

When the "floating" balls are used, all of them close Valves equally well, regardless of whether they are vertical, lying, oblique or in different ways

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Lag · are appropriate.

The vertical one previously preferred because of the closure The arrangement of both valves led to undesirable heights of such pumps or to the need for suction of the conveyed material from below and a very disadvantageous one strong deflection of the delivery flow with the tightest radii · The use of the so-called double piston balancing pumps This resulted in relatively plastic and "fat" mortar mixtures with little Coarse grain content (hardly more than 10 mm) limited. The under such conditions mixed sprayed concrete as · only moderate and compared to the known dry spraying method (Gate locking) lower · strengths · the novelty, which may be insignificant for the layman, caused in the practice of spraying concrete that now • Real shotcrete with a maximum grain size of 16 mm with the Standard corresponding cement content, grain structure and consistency (as it would no longer have to be sucked in from below) atügig promoted and thus splattered perfectly could be, so that the advantage of the so-called concrete spraying process no longer have to be bought with a reduction in the quality of the sprayed concrete.

The double piston equalizing pumps have thus become more important for pumping concrete. Its mode of operation is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and h, the option 911 on the track

• Allow rkennen, the floating by di · ^"1 · balls' are developed. In the working cylinder 9 (Figure 2 vertical section) is the main piston 10, of the concrete from the ZuIaufkanal or reservoir 11 draws in its intake stroke, wherein the gravity supports the suction effect · The concrete flows from 11 past the valve ball 12, which is moving downwards, into the cylinder chamber 13 »During the Oruokhub des

Piston 10, the concrete passes the pressure valve ball 14 f

and reaches the storage space 16 via channel 15 . Forms the front part of the cylinder 10 a arranged next to cylinder 10, in which the under spring pressure upright compensating piston 9 a. slides · He gives way below the pressure resulting from the narrowing of 17, so that the cylinder 10a is part of the conveyed Volume of concrete, while the other part enters the delivery line directly

During the suction stroke of piston 9, that in cylinder 10 a is %

stored concrete volume ejected by the now advanced piston 9 a. This makes an almost seamless Achievement of the conveyance required for spraying concrete

The suction valve with ball 12 is shown in Figure 2 on the valve axis "a", which is preferably perpendicular, but depending on the expediency for structural reasons, an arbitrary angle "b" in any direction against the

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- Can take upright.

FIG. 3 shows the horizontal alignment pump with the balls lying horizontally and on the same axis. 12 and 14 and the channel 15, which is also arranged coaxially, while FIG. K is arranged in the same plane, but at an angle to one another and to the cylinder axis. Shows valve axes. This arrangement results in particularly small "harmful ¹¹ spaces" for the chamber 13 and channel 15.

Xn Figure 5 is shown one of the possibilities that Manufacture of valve balls according to the invention · Around a core ball 18 pressed from sheet steel is the jacket 19 Cast from gray cast iron, for example, with core supports securing the central position of the core. The mold can be designed as a chill mold so that the jacket has a desired surface hardness.

The present invention makes it particularly economical to use the robust double-piston equalizing pumps for concrete pumping in general and especially for wet concrete spraying has been expanded, with the latter · for formwork-free concreting or only one-sided formwork has become of paramount importance.

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Claims (1)

Claims ». 1 ») Control valves for concrete and mortar pumps, in particular for conveying shotcrete, characterized in that the valve balls made of wear-resistant material, preferably steel, gray or chilled cast iron, are in the Weight the weight of what they displaced Conveyed goods exactly or approximately exactly Λ speak, for example, have a cattle weight of about 2 _t k for concrete pumping. 2 ·) Valve balls for valves according to claim 1, characterized in that they are hollow balls. 3 ·) valve balls according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a jacket made of gray «or chilled cast iron around one containing and forming the cavity For example, pressed steel sheet, hollow ball around- ™ is given (Figure 5) 4.) Control valves according to claim 1, characterized in that that the valves can be attached in any position, so that for example preferably one or both are arranged horizontally. (Figures 2 and 3) 209834/0243 '5 x) control valves according to claim 1 and 4 _t gelcennzeichnet characterized in that the axes Yen ti! ± n any angle to the axis of Arbeitszy- Linders run (FIG k). 209834/0243