DE2061765A1 - Fuzes for twist projectiles - Google Patents

Description

DIPL ..- ING. KUAUS BEHN "> fl R 1 7 ß R

DIPL.-PHYS. ROBERT MÜNZHUBER PATENT LAWYERS

8 MUNICH 22 WIDEN MAYERSTRASSE 5 TEL. (O811) 22 26 SO-29 51 S2

Our reference number: A 421 70 December 15, 1970

A 422 70 B / He

Company GEBRÜDER JUNGHANS GMBH, 7230 Schramberg / Württemberg

Geißhaldenstrasse

Fuzes for twist projectiles

The invention relates to a detonator for twist projectiles with a firing pin and one between the firing pin tip and explosive charge arranged, a squib-carrying rotor, which is in a safe position before firing located in which the squib is outside the range of motion of the firing pin, with a in this locking position in a recess of the rotor engaging locking element is provided which with is provided with a thread and by means of a locking nut operated by a plied tape from the recess can be moved out, and with a containing a tension spring

209827/0228

Device that holds the firing pin and, after the twist has decreased below a predetermined value, a movement of the firing pin in the direction of the squib.

They are mechanical detonators for small caliber Projectiles known where the dismantling times are controlled by the projectile speed, i.e. only by the centrifugal force will. With other carving fuses, however, the carving times are controlled by a clockwork. The detonators where the cutting time is only controlled by the centrifugal force can be produced with relatively little effort, each

but the cutting times are imprecise and they are ever disturbing according to the number of tours, which can be changed by many influences. For example, the floors are already leaving the Muzzle with different numbers of revolutions. Depending on the elevation of the tube at launch and depending on the altitude of the launch site the air density changes, which more or less slows down the rotation. Very large differences in air pressure have an effect also when used against airplanes or from airplanes. The dismantling time spread can be a hazard under certain circumstances lead by their own troops. Such detonators also have a very low pre-pipe safety, which is around 20 meters.

Tension spring controlled detonators have a good transport

209827/0228

Front pipe safety. They can also be used to achieve comparatively precise cutting times. Such detonators are more complex to manufacture and therefore more expensive.

A swirl-controlled igniter is already known (USA patent 270,390) that has a thread control of the firing pin is provided. An attempt is made here to ensure the safety of the front pipe by means of a very simple thread control to achieve that come close to the properties of a tension spring driven detonator. This is a detonator of the type mentioned at the outset, in which a tension spring fastened at one end to the igniter housing is wound around the rotor which pulls up against its clamping force during the twist and thereby rotates the rotor attached to it at the other end. The firing pin, which can only be moved lengthways, is over a thread moved from its position securing the rotor towards the fuse tip. With a decrease in twist predominates the tension of the mainspring increases the centrifugal force, and it gets the firing pin in reverse direction on the in the meantime screwed rotor pivoted into focus, whereby the primer is pierced. In a modified version a flexible tape is wrapped around the rotor, which is attached to the rotor at one end and to the detonator housing at the other end. This tape pulls one on the igniter housing bore with spring

- 4 _ 209827/0228

tension applied tension spring due to the twist caused by the twist Centrifugal force against their clamping force on a rotor attachment. If the twist subsides and prevails after one

a certain time the tension force of the drawn tension spring is the centrifugal force acting on the flexible band, so through the tension spring rolls the flexible tape back onto the rotor, and it moves the firing pin towards the squib emotional. The construction is very simple here, but with this simple construction a sufficient one can be Do not achieve pipe safety. Also, the cutting times cannot be predicted with sufficient accuracy, since the firing pin is only moved slowly towards the squib, so that there is a risk that it will not be dismantled at all certainly occurs. The achievable accuracies are

U.N
otherwise sufficient.

A very simple fuse construction with tension spring drive and thread control is also known (Austrian Patent 79 395), which is independent of the twist. This known detonator construction does not provide a sufficient one Functional reliability in the event of a twist, since the retarding disk used there is caused by the centrifugal force that occurs during the twist can no longer move. In addition, the transport security is completely inadequate.

0 9 8/7 / Π /? l

The invention is based on the object of creating an igniter of the type mentioned at the outset, which has a low Effort can be produced and still allows an exact setting of the cutting times, and ultimately also with very small dimensions can be produced, so that it can also be used for small-caliber projectiles, e.g. for 3 * 5 cm projectiles is. This is achieved according to the invention in that the locking nut is released concentrically around the firing pin is rotatably mounted and with a longitudinally displaceable locking sleeve surrounding the firing pin with play as a locking element is in screw connection that the device containing the tension spring has a freely rotatable about the firing pin, a time mechanism driving spring core has that the spring core on its end face facing the lock nut has an extension for releasing a locking nut securing the lock and that the spring core also on its end facing away from the lock nut a threaded extension with a non-rotatable but longitudinally displaceable has guided hiking nut, which in an end position a locking of a lock for a firing pin in the direction causes the spring moving on the squib.

The lock for the lock nut can be pivoted under the action of centrifugal force

-D-

209827/0228

can be swiveled out of its rest position, provided with a recess There are locking levers that positively engages around one end of the locking nut in the locking position. The safety lever can have a projection in its recess which, when the spring is open, behind the innerspring extension engages, wherein the spring core extension has a recess which after its rotation by a predetermined angle Releases the lead. Appropriately, the recess of the safety lever is provided with an incision of such a design that When the spring core extension is rotated with the safety lever in the locking position, the spring core extension is in jammed in this incision.

The timer of the detonator advantageously consists of only one wheel, one of which is arranged on the spring core this wheel driven, with a gear connected drive and an armature driven by the gear. The Armature be pivotably mounted on the innerspring extension.

The lock for the firing pin can consist of at least one lever pivotably mounted outside the firing pin exist, which forms a stop for the firing pin in its inwardly pivoted position and which is under the action of centrifugal force can be swung out, the lever with one in a

209827/0228

2061753

Bore of the wall nut gripping arm is provided, which only after a predetermined longitudinal displacement of the traveling nut is released. The traveling nut expediently has a preferably polygonal shape deviating from the circular shape. Cross-section, and there is provided a guide part surrounding the traveling nut and securing it against rotation. The firing pin locking lever can be mounted on the guide part for the traveling nut. Preferably the Guide part placed on the barrel containing the mainspring and provided with molded tabs which engage in recesses in the barrel.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing using an exemplary embodiment. In the drawing demonstrate:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a detonator according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II in Figure 1, from which the secured position of the lever securing the firing pin shows,

Figure 3 is a section along the line III-III in Figure 1, which shows the barrel and the spring core

2O-Ü827 / Üj.? Ö

Figure 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of Figure 1, the drive of the innerspring shows

Figure 5 is a section along the line V-V

according to Figure 1 by the escapement arrangement,

Figure 6 is a section along the line VI-VI, the release mechanism for the pre-pipe safety device shows,

Figure 7 is an enlarged view of a lock for the locking nut,

Figure 8 is a section along the line VIII-

VIII in Figure 1 and

Figure 9 is a section along the line IX-

IX according to Figure 1.

In the drawing, with the exception of FIG. J, the individual elements of the detonator are each shown in a secured state. The whole fuse construction is essentially divided into two main groups which are functionally related to one another. One of these groups provides the upstream pipe protection, while the second group includes the dismantling device.

The entire detonator is located inside the detonator housing 10, then on the explosive device, e.g. a grenade, is screwed on. The building structure causing the Vorrohrsjchenang

2 0 9 8 2 7/0 2 / U

group consists of a flat strip lock nut 13 * which is described below is referred to as core nut for short. The core nut is rotatable in a plate 12 and in the igniter body 11 stored. The locking nut has a polygonal circumference around which a per se known mechanical tape 14, which for example may consist of aluminum, is wound. The mechanical tape 14 is held together by a steel loop 15. The lock nut 13 has an inner bore that of the firing pin 35 is penetrated. In the inner bore of the locking nut 13, a thread 13a is provided into which a securing bushing 40 provided with an external thread is screwed in. In the position shown in Figure 1 is the fuse socket in its lower position, in which it with its tip in a blind hole 16a of one of the The rotor 16 carrying the squib 17 engages. The rotor Lö is thereby held in the position shown in Figure 1, in which the squib 17 is outside the range of motion of the firing pin 35. By turning the lock nut 13, the fuse socket can be unscrewed from the blind hole löa will.

The locking nut 13 is shown in FIG The position shown is normally secured by a safety lever 20 which is pivotably mounted about a bearing pin 19

- 10 -

209827/0228

- ίο -

is. The securing lever 20 has two recesses 20a and 20b (FIGS. 6 and 7), of which the recess 20a has two has parallel surfaces which engage around corresponding outer surfaces of the locking nut 13 and thus prevent them from rotating prevent. The safety lever is in its "position shown in solid lines in FIG. 6" by a flat spring 21 held. The second recess 20b of the fuse

W hebeis 20 encompasses an extension 22a of a spring core 22, which is connected to a tension spring 24. The extension 22a of the spring core 22 has a recess and thereby forms two stop surfaces 22a _g and 22a., (Figure 7). With 22a, the circumferential surface of the extension is designated. The recess 20b of the safety lever 20 also has a nose 20c which _{engages behind the one stop surface 22a 2 of} the spring core extension 22a when the extension 22a is in the position shown in FIG. The safety lever 20 is then also not through

fc the centrifugal force occurring when the projectile is fired can be swiveled out of the position shown in FIG. 6 because the nose 20c of the safety lever 20 engages _{behind the stop surface 22a 2.}

The second assembly causes the projectile to self-dismantle if it becomes a target after a predetermined time has not achieved. This assembly includes the already mentioned spring core 22 with the tension spring 24, which is in a stationary Barrel 23 is arranged. The spring core 22 is in a

209827/0228

Plate 29 and rotatably mounted in the barrel cover 30. He is also penetrated free of the firing pin 35 and contains a spring 58 'which the firing pin in its figure 1 holds the rest position shown. As already explained, the spring core 22 engages with an extension 22a in one end of the locking nut 13 and, as already explained, causes a Securing the safety lever 20, in order to establish a predetermined run of the spring core 22, a timer is provided, that consists of a wheel 22 attached to the spring core, a drive 26 driven by this wheel 22, one with the drive 26 in There is a connected gear wheel 27 and an armature 28 driven by the gear wheel 27 (see also FIGS. 4 and 5) Anchor 18 is before the launch of the projectile by two metal flags 39 so that the timer cannot run out. The metal flags 29 are moved outward when the projectile is fired by the centrifugal force caused by the twist, as shown in Figure 5 © it by dash-dotted lines, whereby the armature 18 is released and the timer begins to run down.

The spring core 22 is also provided on its side facing away from the locking nut 13 with an extension 22b, which has an external thread. A traveling nut 31, which deviates from the circular shape, is screwed onto this external thread Has outer circumference, preferably many-

- IP. -

209827/0228

is angular. The traveling nut 31 is in one Guide part 33 guided at 33a. This part of the speech is adapted to the outer circumference of the hiking nut 31 and prevents that this can rotate. However, the guide part allows the traveling nut 31 to move axially.

The traveling nut 31 has an inner bore 31a,

"which, in the position of the traveling nut shown in FIG. 1, receive two arms 32a of two safety levers for the firing pin 35 (see also FIG. 2). The safety levers are pivotably mounted about bearing pins 37 spring is loaded 3NC and causes movement of the firing pin towards the Zündpeille 17 upon release. After a predetermined rotation of the spring core 22, the traveling nut 31 is so far in the direction of the barrel cover 30 to-move h, that the in figure 1 assumes the position shown in dot-dash lines, in which the bore 31a can no longer hold the arms 32a of the lever 32. The centrifugal force caused by the twist moves the levers 32 outward, as is shown in FIG Lever 32 out of range

34
the impact bush moves, and it can this the firing pin

move towards the squib 17.

- 13 209827/0228

It should also be mentioned that, of course, the safety socket 40 is also guided, through two parallel ones Surfaces 11a in the igniter body 11, which lie against corresponding surfaces 40a of the fuse socket and these on a Prevent rotation, but allow axial displacement of the locking bush.

Before the projectile is fired, the parts are in the position shown in FIG. In this position, the detonator is largely protected against all conceivable influences. Even if a strong shock, for example when the projectile falls, breaks a wave, for example the shaft carrying the drive 2ό and gear wheel 27, triggering is not possible because the surface 22a of the innerspring extension 22a lays after a predetermined rotation of the spring core against the nose 20d in the recess 20b of the safety lever 20, whereby the spring core extension 22a interlocks with this edge 22a and its peripheral surface 22a ₁ in the incision 20d. In the event of a shock or twist, neither the front pipe nor the dismantling device can be triggered (see Figure 7).

When the projectile is fired, it receives a twist of about J50000 revs and more. This will make the different Lever acted upon by the occurring centrifugal force, so that they try to turn outwards. This is how they are

209827/0228

- 14 -

Metal flags 39 (see FIG. 5) are moved outward, whereby the armature 18 of the timer is released, and the timer begins to run down under the action of the tension spring 24 that was pulled up during assembly. As a result, the spring core 22 is rotated and with it the extension 22a with the stop surfaces 22a, ₂ and 22a., (See FIG. 6).

h Also the locking nut 13a encompassing and

this securing lever 20, which prevents rotation, is loaded by the centrifugal force and tries to turn into the position shown in FIG. He is prevented from doing so by the nose 20c, which _{engages behind the stop surface 22a 2 of} the spring core extension 22a. Only when the spring core extension 22a has rotated through an angle dC (FIG. 6) is the nose 20c released from the stop surface 22a ~, and the securing lever 20 can pivot into the position shown in FIG is bent. The spring force is overcome by the lever 20 at approximately 30,000 revolutions. As a result of the pivoting of the securing lever 20, the securing nut 13 disengages from this securing lever 20 so that it is no longer secured against rotation. The design and the arrangement of the stop _{surfaces 22a 2} and are in a certain during the assembly of the detonator

Position, depending on how big the front pipe

209827/0228

" ¹⁵ "

safety of the detonator.

Due to the twist and the centrifugal force that occurs as a result, the steel loop 15 surrounding the safety belt 14 is loosened, and the safety belt 14 unwinds, whereby the locking nut 13 is rotated in such a way that the locking bush kO is screwed into the locking nut IJ. As a result, the tip of the locking sleeve 40 is pulled out of the blind hole 16a of the rotor 16, and this rotor rotates under the action of centrifugal force in such a position that the squib 17 comes into the range of motion of the firing pin 35. If the grenade hits a target, the firing pin is pushed into the squib, causing it to detonate.

If the grenade does not hit a target within a predetermined time, it must be ensured that that a decomposition takes place anyway. This is done in that with the further rotation of the spring core 22 the traveling nut, as already described, is moved in the direction of the barrel cover 30, whereby the arms 32a of the lever 32 are released will. As a result, these levers 32 are also moved outwards by the centrifugal force (see FIG. 2), and it becomes

- 16 209827/0228

- Ιό -

as a result dieSchlagbucb.se 34 released under the effect the spring 36 drives the firing pin 35 into the Zundpille 17.

The largest possible angle <jL shown in Figure ό corresponds to an angle of 72. This means that if the spring core 22 makes one revolution per second, that this angle of 72 ° is covered in 1/5 of a second. The front pipe fuse

If one assumes that the initial speed of the projectile is about 800 per second, then this pre-pipe safety alone results in a distance of 160 m 20 m. Of course, any pre-pipe safety of less than 160 m can be achieved by reducing the angle X. At an angle of 20 °, it is I / I8 seconds or 800 / I8 = about 44 m + I5 to 20 m through the conveyor belt 14. This is the outermost position of the safety

L · hebeis 20, in which it can still securely grip the parallel surfaces 13b of the locking nut 13.

It should also be mentioned that during the rotation of the innerspring extension 22a, the flat spring 21 after the locking by the lug 20c of the safety lever 20 has ceased to exist has an important task in that it prevents the safety lever from pivoting, for example due to gravity, which

- 17 209827/0228

the premature release of the lock nut 13 would result.

The cutting time work 24, 22, 25, 26, 27 and 28, which one _? As already described, via the spring core extension 22a is in functional connection with the front pipe safety device, is divided into three subgroups that are closely functionally related to each other, namely: centrifugal force-independent drive with a tension spring, regulation of the timing by means of just one pair of wheels and the actual dismantling release. Furnishings.

The time mechanism described earlier contains the armature 28, which is expediently mounted on the spring core extension 22a is. The tension spring 24 driving the timer is at preloaded accordingly during assembly by means of the spring core 22. The preload takes place, for example, so that the spring core 22 can perform eight revolutions. For this purpose, the spring core extension 22b has a screw slot 22c (FIG. 2).

To set the time of dismantling, the guide part 33 * which itself through its molded tabs 3Yes in diametrically arranged recesses of the stationary barrel is out, lifted from the barrel cover 30 and the traveling nut 31 and by 180 ° or

- 18 209827/0228

360 twisted to be put back on. According to the design of the timer, a rotation of 360 corresponds to one second. So you can set the dismantling time of the detonator for a certain bombardment in the assembly. A fine adjustment within half a second can be carried out with the traveling nut Jl itself, in that after the guide part 33 has been lifted it is adjusted by 3όΟ ° / &, that is to say by 45 ° steps k. Since one rotation corresponds to one second, a 45 ° rotation corresponds to 1/8 of a second.

It is readily apparent that the detonator according to the invention has a simple structure here but an absolutely reliable function is guaranteed, which is not the case with the known detonators.

- 19 -

209827/0228

Claims (10)

PATENT CLAIMS Detonator for twisted projectiles with a firing pin and a rotor which is arranged between the firing pin tip and the explosive charge and which is in a safety position before firing, in which the firing pill is outside the range of motion of the firing pin, with one in this safety position in a recess in the rotor engaging locking element is provided, which is provided with a thread and can be moved out of the recess by means of a locking nut actuated by a lead tape and with a device containing a tension spring which holds the firing pin and, e - Sehlagbolzens releases in the direction of the squib, thereby characterized in that the lock nut (15) is concentric around the firing pin (55) is freely rotatably mounted and is longitudinally displaceable with a play that surrounds the firing pin (55) Securing socket (40) as a securing element in a screw connection stands that the device containing the tension spring (24) is a timer which can be freely rotated around the firing pin (55) driving spring core (22) has that the spring core - 20 209827/0228 (22) on its end face facing the lock nut (13) has an extension (22a) for releasing a lock (20) securing the lock nut (13) and that the spring core (22) furthermore has a thread extension on its end face remote from the lock nut (I3) (22b) with a non-rotatable but longitudinally displaceable traveling nut (31) which, in one end position, locks a _k lock (32) for a spring (36) moving the firing pin (35) in the direction of the Zundpille (17). 2. igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that the lock for the locking nut (I3) consists of one pivotably mounted, pivotable from its rest position under the effect of centrifugal force, with recesses (20a, 20b) provided lever (20), which is in the fuse & steep one end of the locking nut (13) engages in a form-fitting manner so that it is secured against rotation. 3. Igniter according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the spring core extension (22a) is provided with stop _{surfaces (22a 2} , 22a,) that the securing lever (20) has a projection (20c) in its recess (20b) , which when the spring (24) is open behind a stop surface (22a ₂ ) of the spring core extension (22a) engages, and that the stop surface (22a ₂ ) is arranged so that it is after a - 21 - 209827/0228 Rotation of the spring core extension (22a) by a predetermined Angle releases the projection (20c). 4. igniter according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the recess (20b) of the safety lever (20) is provided with an incision (20d) of this type, that upon rotation of the pedestal extension (22a) when the safety lever (20) is in the safety position, the Spring core extension (22a) with its peripheral surface (22a ^) and a stop surface (22a- *) blocked in this incision (2Od) . 5. Detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the timer consists of only one arranged on the spring core (22) 'Wheel (25), a drive operated by this wheel * connected to a gear wheel (27) and one from the gear wheel (27) driven armature (18) consists. D. igniter according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the armature (18) is pivotably mounted on the spring core extension (22a). 7. igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that that the lock for the firing pin (35) consists of at least one lever (j52) pivoted outside the firing pin - 22 209Ö27 / 0228 exists, which in its inwardly pivoted position has a stop for the firing pin (35) or the firing pin acting on the spring-loaded part (34) and which can be pivoted out under the action of centrifugal force, and that the Lever (32) is provided with an arm (32a) which engages in a bore (31a) in the traveling nut (31) and which only after a predetermined longitudinal displacement of the traveling nut (31) released will. 8. igniter according to one of claims 1 or 7 * characterized characterized in that the traveling nut (31) has a circumference deviating from the circular shape, preferably polygonal and that a guide part (33a) engaging around the traveling nut (31) and securing it against rotation is provided. 9 detonator according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that that the firing pin locking lever (32) is mounted on the guide part (33) for the traveling nut (31). 10. igniter according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide part (33) on the barrel containing the tension spring (23) is attached and is provided with molded tabs (33a) which engage in recesses in the barrel (23). 209827/0228 Lee r s e i t e