DE2029645C

DE2029645C - Layer structure

Info

Publication number: DE2029645C
Application number: DE19702029645
Authority: DE
Inventors: Roger Dudley Salway Harpenden Hertfordshire Crick (Großbritannien)
Original assignee: Rotax Ltd
Current assignee: Lucas Support Services Ltd
Priority date: 1969-06-20
Filing date: 1970-06-16
Publication date: 1973-01-18

Description

3 ⁴ 3 ⁴

Schicht 4 nicht so weitgehend erstrecken kann oder schicht 3 übertragen, in welchem die ZwischenschichtLayer 4 can not extend or transfer layer 3 so extensively, in which the intermediate layer

jedenfalls nicht über die gesamte Fläche tier Schicht 1 biegsam ist. „„.»«rhiedliche Ausfüh-In any case, the layer 1 is not flexible over the entire surface. "". "" Nice execution

und der Zwischenschicht3 wirksam sein kann. Zum Die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen ^u?f^^^J_lf ^AJJln.and the intermediate layer 3 can be effective. For Figs. 2 and 3 show ^u ? F ^^^ J _lf ^A JJln.

Beispiel kann der in Rede stehende Bereich so gestal- rungsformen, bei welchen der,Ho»m» _der For example, the area in question can be designed in such a way that the "ho» m » _der

tet sein, daß es nicht möglich ist, der Schicht 4 für 5 nenseite zwischen der Schient ι ^D±™;* _{bicht 3} It must be said that it is not possible to apply the layer 4 for 5 on the side between the rail ι ^D ± ™; * _{bicht 3}

den Teü dieser Fläche Strom zuzuführen. Schicht 3 vorhegt bzw. lⁿ .^der. ^^See fürto supply electricity to part of this area. Vorhegt layer 3 and ⁿ l. ^the . ^^ See for

Wenn die Schicht 4 unter Spannung steht, heizt sie selbst besteht. Die letztere ist die bevorzugte "Lage furWhen the layer 4 is under tension, it heats itself. The latter is the preferred "location for."

die äußere Schicht 1 und die Zwischenschicht 3 und das Trennmittel. . . „the outer layer 1 and the intermediate layer 3 and the release agent. . . "

hält dabei einen Bereich der Zwischenschicht 3 in fle- In jedem der vorbeschriebenen Falle «""^^Jholds a region of the intermediate layer 3 in place

xiblem Zustand. Ein Bereichs der Zwischenschicht3 » Zwischenschicht3 «^teV^ rtSsSricht2 abschnei-xible state. A range of Zwischenschicht3 "Zwischenschicht3" ^te V ^ rtSsSricht2 snip

wird jedoch nicht erhitzt und kann bei niedriger Um- erstrecken und mit der Kante der^Sdudjti is not heated, however, and can extend at lower um- and with the edge of the ^ Sdudjt i

gebungstemperatur fest werden. Die Grenze dieses den, wie sich aus Fig.4 ergibt.^ueηοπιγambient temperature become solid. The limit of this, as can be seen from Fig.4. ^ Ueηοπιγ

unbehlizten Bereiches stimmt nicht notwendigerweise streckt sich dann über den unbeaten Bond5 derThe unsatisfied area does not necessarily extend over the unseaten bond5 of the

mit dem Ende der dargestellten elektrisch leitfähigen Zwischenschicht3, wie es ^%££ΐ££™& with the end of the illustrated electrically conductive intermediate layer3, as it ^% ££ ΐ ££ ™ &

Schicht 4 überein, sondern kann sich über das Ende i₅ führungsformen der Fall ist. ^lw^ tonnenLayer 4 coincides, but can guide over the end i _{5 is} the case. ^ lw ^ tons

der Schicht 4 hinausgehend erstrecken, renn der be- Kanten der Schichten 1 und 2 sowie «^-fSTzS-extend beyond layer 4, run the edges of layers 1 and 2 as well as «^ -fSTzS-

treffende Teil der Schicht 4 als Heizelement unwirk- schicht 3 miteinander "^™*™™»^¹ ^t₁ di_e corresponding part of layer 4 as a heating element ineffective layer 3 with each other "^ ™ * ™haben» ^ ¹ ^ t ₁ di _e

^Vermeidung der sich dann einstellenden BeIa- ScSu 1 aucHbeT die Schicht 2 hinausgehend^ Avoid then adjusting BeIa- Scsu 1 aucHbeT the layer 2 also continuously

stungsprobleme ist ein spannungsenÜastender Hohl- *o erstrecken, unabhängig; dajm^oo αstungsprobleme is a stress-relieving hollow * o extend, independently; dajm ^ oo α

raum zwischen den Schichten 1 und 2 eingeschlossen. übereinstimmen oder nicht.Inι jed em wum^sojenclosed space between layers 1 and 2. match or not.Inι jed em wum ^ soj

Wie F i g. 1 zeigt, kann dieser in einem Hohlraum 6 der Hohlraum 6 von der Kante des£*^a™ * Like F i g. 1 shows, this can be in a cavity 6 of the cavity 6 from the edge of the £ * ^a ™ *

im Grenfbereich zwischen der Schicht 2 und der Zwi- heizten Abschnittes ^£^2?in the border area between layer 2 and the intermediate heated section ^ £ ^ 2?

selenschicht3 bestehen, der sich über den Bereich5 stens zur Kante der 8£fselenschicht3 exist, which extends over the area5 at least to the edge of the 8 £ f

erstrecken muß. Man kann einen derartigen Hohl- as oder bis zur Kante dermust extend. One can have such a hollow as or up to the edge of the

raum dadurch schaffen, daß man auf die Schicht 2 ken. vorstehend beschriebenencreate space by kening on layer 2. described above

oder die Zwischenschicht 3 ein lösbares Mittel, einen Wenngleich bei den ^v.°.^r™^nd _nn ^b _d ^eS| " _s Glasor the intermediate layer 3 a releasable agent, albeit with the ^v . °. ^r ™ ^nd _nn ^b _d ^eS | " _s glass

Maskenstreifen oder ein anderes Teil aufbringt, wel- Ausführungsformen die Schichten 1^12 aus G^sMask strip or other part applies, wel- embodiments the layers 1 ^ 12 of G ^ s

ches der Verbindung in diesem Bereich entgegen- ^^^S^^^^^^ ches the connection in this area opposite- ^^^ S ^^^^^^

Da die Schicht 2 mit der Zwischenschicht 3 im ^^^^η^«^^^^ SVlS nicht beheizten Bereich 5 nicht verbunden ist, können se.ts eine geschichtete St™totf aufwe'^«"J 8» keine Scherkräfte zwischen den Schichten 1 und 2 falls kann die Schicht 1₁ geschiente ^- ^¹ oder der Schicht2 und der Zwischenschicht 3 in die- tnsch leitfah.ge Schicht4^kjjnwej¹^ «d sem Bereich übertragen werden. Die Scherkräfte wer- 35 nenflache der Schicht Z oaer den lediglich im beheizten Bereich der Zwischen- schicht 3 vorliegen.Since the layer 2 is not connected to the intermediate layer 3 in the ^^^^ η ^ «^^^^ SVIS unheated area 5, there can be no shear forces between the layers 1 and 2 if the layer 1 ₁ splinted. ^ - ^ ¹ or layer 2 and the intermediate layer 3 in DIE tnsch leitfah.ge Schicht4 kjjnwej ^ ¹ ^ "d sem area are transmitted the shear forces advertising 35 nenflache the layer Z or which are only present in the heated area of the intermediate layer 3.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

the intermediate layer also becomes solid, the claims: named loads exceed their permissible limits

1. Layer structure of at least two in progress and the connection between the layers substantial solid pushes, in particular from destroy, so that the structure is loose internally, t. See-through Material such as B. Glass and with 5 beyond can of the inner layers to aueiner A shear load is transmitted between the intermediate layer and a layer that is solid over a parting area extending electrically conductive. The outer layer made up of very thin Heating layer, which can be the material in its area of action for a slight de-icing intermediate layer in a flexible state, selectable, and also made of one material relaüv rend the remaining part of the intermediate layer can be with low strength io, can thus be under the riger temperature is essentially solid, because the acting stress break easily.

characterized in that in the area _; The electrically conductive heating layer usually holds the unheated intermediate layer, a spanwise the intermediate layer in the area of action of the stress-relieving cavity (6) between the heated layers in a flexible state, but it is often difficult or impossible to provide essentially solid layers (1, 2) , the entire area of is. Intermediate layer, in which it is connected to the.

2. Layer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer is connected to be heated. Identifies areas of the Zwige, that the stress relief layer, in particular in the vicinity of the edges of the standing cavity (6) in the intermediate layer (3) of the pane, can therefore be found as a result of the detected level. ao hen heat transfer values on the outer surface of a

very cold at high altitudes.

The unheated areas of the intermediate layer

are therefore firm, and, as described above, very large tensions in dtn

The invention relates to a layer structure adjoining it, areas of which are composed of at least two essentially solid layers, a consequence of separation phenomena or a break in particular made of transparent material, such as, for. B. outer solid layer can occur.
Glass and with an intermediate layer and an over The invention is based on the object

an electrically conductive tendency extending over a partial area for the delamination phenomena of the layer Heating layer, which in its area of action the structure and for the breaking of the outer layer Keeps the intermediate layer in a flexible state while reducing these conditions by the aforementioned The remaining part of the intermediate layer is reduced or avoided at lower voltages becomes essentially solid. Layered structures.

Doors of this type are particularly suitable for flight 35. According to the invention, this is achieved in that

witness windows and optically transparent objects. in the case of a layer structure of the one described in the introduction

For the choice of the type of layer structures mentioned in the area of the unheated intermediate layer

speak several reasons, such as: a stress-relieving cavity between the

1. The need to provide substantially solid layers in the event of destruction. There One layer another layer does not contain any stresses

The underlying task is to be able to transfer the pressure load

men. thus in a simple and reliable way

1. Layer structures are more resistant to loosing.

Collisions with birds. , In an advantageous embodiment is the

3. The need for flush fits'; since there are 45 stress-relieving cavities in the intermediate Eq he can not easily be folded over, you can apply a layer. This allows a firm connection of the Fold groove on one edge of a layered structure intermediate layer with the two solid layers through the head of one or more will be retained.

Run layers over the rest. To further illustrate the invention

4. If an electrically conductive layer for the 50 is de-icing, reference is made to exemplary embodiments or for the defogging that is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrated is seen, such a layer should be advantageous, the schematic sections through different, to be locked up. represent layer structures according to the invention.

The windshields are usually made according to FIG. 1 are a thin outer layer 1 and

made of layers or layers of certain substances, such as B. 55 a relatively thick inner layer 2 of which Glass and / or solid plastics, such as. B. each made of glass or another suitable, solid an acrylic resin, in which an intermediate layer material can be embedded, with an intermediate layer 3 that is made of normal, flexible plastics. The intermediate layer 3 consists for example can, such as B. made of polyvinyl butyral. made of polyvinyl butyral or another suitable

As long as the material of the intermediate layer is flexible, 60 Neten plastic, which is at a temperature of about the solid layers have some freedom of movement 40 ° C is flexible. Such substances become normal Relation to each other in parallel to their planes refer firmly when the temperature is on z. B. -40 ° C running directions, so that inadmissible loads decrease.

gene of the intermediate surfaces of these layers due to the An electrically conductive layer 4, which z. B.

Pressure load, the temperature differences, due to 65 located on the inner surface of the layer 1, extends unmatched expansion coefficient does not extend to the edge of layer 1 and the Zwiod. Like. Avoided. layer 3. In practice there are many

However, if with a drop in temperature reasons that make the electrically conductive