DE2024525C

DE2024525C - Process for the production of intermediate products from iron-silicon alloys with 4.5 to 7.5% by weight silicon, which are sufficiently ductile for cold working

Info

Publication number: DE2024525C
Application number: DE19702024525
Authority: DE
Inventors: Erwin Dipl.-Ing. 4150 Krefeld Wildschütz
Original assignee: Mannesmann AG
Current assignee: Vodafone GmbH
Filing date: 1970-05-11
Publication date: 1972-12-28

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von für eine Kaltbearbeitung ausreichend duktilen Zwischenprodukten aus Eisen-Silizium-Legierungen mit 4,5 bis 7,5 Gewichtsprozent Silizium, Rest Eisen mit den üblichen herstellungsbedingten Verunreinigungen, bei dem zuerst ein Gußblock oberhalb 650 C zu Vorprodukten warmverformt wird. The invention relates to a process for the production of intermediate products made of iron-silicon alloys with 4.5 to 7.5 percent by weight silicon, the remainder iron with the usual production- related impurities, in which an ingot is first hot-worked at above 650 ° C. to form preliminary products will.

Die für die Elektroindustrie durch ihre magne tischen Eigenschaften interessanten binären Eisen-Silizium-Legierungen mit möglichst geringen Gehal len an Begleitelementen, im folgenden Si-StUhIe ge nannt, werden überwiegend in Form von dünnen Blechen für den Bau von elektrischen Maschinen und Transformatoren verwendet. Diese dünnen is Bleche worden durch die ί iitwiikliiiig der feuurbleche in /uiichmcmlem Maße auf modernen iiniitlstrafen durch Kaltwalzen fertiggestellt. Da :iber die Si-Stahle mit /unclimciulcm Si-C ich.ill hei Kaitinlcmperatur härter und spröder werden, beschränkt sieh diese Fertigung hauptsächlich auf Si-Stälile mit bis /u 3.6 Gewichtsprozent Si. The interest for the electronics industry due to their magnetic tables properties binary iron-silicon alloys with minimal supported len of accompanying elements, Ge hereinafter Si-StUhIe Nannt, are mainly used in the form of thin sheets for the construction of electrical machines and transformers. These thin sheets have been produced by the intermittent fire sheet metal to a certain extent on modern single-line lines by cold rolling. Since the Si steels with / unclimified Si-C will become harder and more brittle at hot temperatures, this production is limited mainly to Si steels with up to 3.6 percent by weight Si.

Si-Slähle mit mehr als 3.6 Gewichtsprozent Si werden vornehmlich wann lertiggewal/t und als i|iwmisotiope Bleche beim Bau von Flektromaschincn verwende!. I'm Blechdicken von 0.35 bis 0.511 nun. die bei Wechselmagnetisicruiig mit Net/freiiueii' optimale Verlustwcrte ergeben, beim Warmwalzen /11 erreichen, ist eine besondere Technik lies Tafel wal-Dabei können die warmverformten Vorprodukte unmittelbar nach der Warmformgebung weiterverarbeitet werden, oder aber die warmverformten Vor produkte werden nach einem Halten bei 650 C weiterverarbeitet. Si steels with more than 3.6 percent by weight Si are primarily used when ready for use and as iwmisotiope sheets in the construction of Flektromaschincn! I'm sheet thicknesses from 0.35 to 0.511 now. The optimum loss values achieved with alternating magnetism with Net / freiiueii ', when hot rolling / 11 are achieved, is a special technique read table wal- Here, the hot-formed preliminary products can be further processed immediately after the hot-forming, or the hot-formed preliminary products are processed after a stop at 650 C processed further.

Eine besondere Ausführungsform des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 besteht darin, daß bei einer Ab kühlung der Vorprodukte unter 650° C bis Raumtemperatur nach der Warmformgebung vor der Verformung zu Zwischenprodukten eine Wiedererwär mung mit nachfolgender Glühung bei etwa 650° C vorgenommsn wird und die laufende Verformung zu Zwischenprodukten im Temperaturbereich von 650 bis 250" C erfolgt. A particular embodiment of the method according to claim 1 consists in that when the preliminary products are cooled below 650 ° C to room temperature after the hot forming before the deformation to intermediate products, reheating with subsequent annealing at about 650 ° C is undertaken and the ongoing deformation is closed Intermediate products in the temperature range from 650 to 250 "C takes place.

Dieses vorstehend geschilderte Verfahren kann auch in iler Form ituicMgeiuim women, ium i>ci tun 1 Abkühlung der Vorprodukte unter 650 C" bis Raumtemperatur nach iler Warmformgebung vor der Verformung /u Zwischenprodukten eine Wiedererwärniimg mit nachfolgender Cilühiing von mindestens einer Stunde bei 650 C vorgenommen wird und die laufende Verformung /u Zwischenprodukten im Temperaturbereich von 650 bis 250 C erfolgt. This process described above can also be used in the form of cooling of the preliminary products below 650 ° C. to room temperature after hot forming before the shaping / intermediate products are reheated with subsequent cooling for at least one hour at 650 ° C. and the ongoing deformation / u intermediate products takes place in the temperature range from 650 to 250 C.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist. die (ilühung über 3 Ims 7 Stunden vorzunehmen.Is particularly useful. to carry out the training over 3 hours for 7 hours.

Die laufende Verformung während der Abkühlung sollte bevorzugt mit einer hohen Vcrformuiu'sgeschwhuligkeit und möglichst großen Ouerschnitts-The current deformation during cooling should preferably be carried out at a high rate of deformation and the largest possible cross-sectional

/ens ( Tafeln werden gedoppelt bzw. gefaltet und im 30 abnahmen beim Finzelstich in fortlaufender Stich/ ens (panels are doubled or folded and in the 30th decrease with the finz engraving in continuous stitch

Pake! gewalzt) üblich. Dabei werden Ausbringen und Maßhaltigkeit mit weiter steigendem Si-C ichalt schlechter; vor allem aber erschwert die erwähnte /unelimeiule Kaltvcisprüdiiitg eine Weiterverarbeitung der warm gevval/ten Feinbleche /u Foiinteileii. da sich beim Stan/en kaum noch gra!- und rißficie Schnittkanten erzielen lassen. Fin Si -Gehalt von etwa ■!."" Gewichtsprozent gilt deshalb als obere Greii'e für eine Verarbeitung von Si Stählen.Package! rolled) common. The yield and dimensional accuracy become old as the Si-C increases worse; Above all, however, the aforementioned unelimitable cold test makes further processing more difficult of the hot-stamped sheet metal / u Foiinteileii. since when standing there is hardly any gra! - and rissficie Let cut edges achieve. Fin Si content of about ■ !. "" Weight percent is therefore the upper limit for processing Si steels.

Fs ist bekannt, daß durch Si-Zusiit/e von mehr al·. -1.5 Gewichtsprozent die magnetischen figenschaften der *>i-Stähle in bedeutendem Maße verbessert wer den Diese Siählc haben eine sehr niedrige Magnetostriktion, vor allem aber verringern sich durch ilen zunehmenden elektrischen Widerstand und die abnehmende Anisotropie-Fn.rgie die Wirbelstrom- und 11 v.terese-Verluste. Die mechanischen Fiuenschaften werden «her durch die Si -Zusätze schlechter, vor allem ist die für die Verarbeitung wesentliche Duklilität. die durch die Biecezahlen von Fertigbleclien nach DIN -16 100 oder durch die Oiicrschnitlsverminileiiing und Dehnung im Zerreißversuch oder durch die Schlagarbeil im Kcrbschlaghiegeversuch •.'ckennzeiilni. 1 ist, bei diesen Si-Slähleii nahezu Null.It is known that Si additions of more than . -1.5 percent by weight the magnetic properties of the *> i-steels are significantly improved .terese losses. The mechanical properties are deteriorated by the addition of Si, and the main thing is the ductility which is essential for processing. by the number of pieces of prefabricated sheet metal according to DIN -16 100 or by the cut-to-size reduction and elongation in the tensile test or by the impact ax in the impact test. 1 is almost zero in this Si slurry.

Die Erfindung betrilfl nun ein Verfahren, aus Fiscu-Silizium-Iegierungen mit mehr als 4,5 Gewichtsprozent Silizium so duktile Zwischenprodukte herzustellen, daß die für den Gebrauch in elektrischen Aggregaten notwendige Verarbeitung zu Fei- ^fi ligl-jilen bei Raumtemperatur möglich ist.The invention now betrilfl a method of Fiscu silicon Iegierungen with more than 4.5 weight percent silicon produce ductile so intermediates that necessary for use in electrical units processing to FEI ^fi ligl-jilen at room temperature is possible.

Das crlindungsgcmäßc Verfahren bestellt darin, daß die in bekannter Weise bei oberhalb 650' C warmverformen Vorprodukte im TemperaturbereichThe crimping-compliant process consists in the fact that the temperature is above 650 ° C. in a known manner hot forming preliminary products in the temperature range

4"4 "

45 folge, d. h. mit möglichst geringen Pausen /wischci den Stichen, stattfinden, bis ihirvh die Abkühlung vor allem der kritische Temperaturbereich von etwa 500 bis 125 C durchlaufen ist. Dabei ist die Bemessung der Finzclstichahnahmcn so zu wählen, daß ein gleichmäßiger Werkstofffluß gewährleistet ist, da sonst z. B. die jedem Feinbleehwalzcr vom Tafelwalzen her bekannte Zipfel- oder Ohrenhildimi! auftritt, die zu Rissen führen kann. Im Hinblick darauf sind verstärkt balliü geschliffene Walzen und ein·.· Schmierung bei lieferen Temperaturen mit /. B. Härte- oiler Blankglühölen vorteilhaft. Nach einer Gesamtabnahiiie von etwa 70°',. ist eine bemerkenswerte Zunahme der Duktilität festzustellen. 45 sequence, ie with the smallest possible pauses / wiping the stitches, take place until the cooling has passed through, above all, the critical temperature range of around 500 to 125 ° C. The dimensioning of the Finzclstichahnahmcn is to be selected so that a uniform flow of material is guaranteed, otherwise z. B. the pointed or ear hildimi known to every Feinbleehwalzcr from table rolling! occurs, which can lead to cracks. With this in mind, ball-ground rollers and a ·. · Lubrication at temperatures with /. B. hardness oiler bright annealing oils advantageous. After a total decrease of about 70 °. there is a remarkable increase in ductility.

Die so erfinihmgsgemäß hergestellten duktilen Zc-ISChCnPrOdUkIe. /. B. Bleche mit Dicken < 1.5 mm, lar.sen sieh bei weiter bis auf Raumtemperatur abnehmenden Temperaturen einwandfrei beaibeitcn. Je nach geforderter Fndabmessiing ist z. B.The ductile ones produced in this way according to the invention Zc-ISChCnPrOdUkIe. /. B. Plates with thicknesses <1.5 mm, lar.sen see further down to room temperature with decreasing temperatures properly. Depending on the required Fndabmessiing z. B.

eine weitere Walzung möglich, wobei es einleuchtend is-, daß mit abnehmender F.nddicke nach Möglichkeit auch eine \npassung der Vor- und Zwischenabmessungen erfolgen soll bzw. nach der Zwischenvv ilziing eine unmittelbare Weiterwalzung unter Ausnutzung der noch erhöhten Temperaturen vorteilhaft ist. Wesentlich für Λ<ιη späteren Verarbeiter ist aber die Möglichkeit, die so hergestellten Erzeugnisse einwandfrei bei Raumtemperatur schneiden sowie riß- und gratfrei stanzen zu können. Da dieses Malerin! /war duktil, aber trotzdem härter als die üblichen Si-Stiihle ist, sollten die Werkzeuge scharfbzvv. öfter nachgeschliffen werden. Außerdem ist jach Schilderung der Zusammenhänge wesentlich, daß erst nach Beendigung jeglicher KaltbearbeitungFurther rolling is possible, whereby it is evident that with decreasing final thickness, if possible, the preliminary and intermediate dimensions should also be adapted or, after the intermediate use, immediate further rolling using the still higher temperatures is advantageous. Essential for Λ <ιη later processors, however, the possibility of cutting the resultant products properly at room temperature as well as cracks and burr-free punch to. Because this painter! / was ductile, but is still harder than the usual Si-steels, the tools should be sharpbzvv. be sharpened more often. In addition, according to the description of the relationships, it is essential that only after the completion of any cold work

von 650 bis IS(VC während der Abkühlung laufend ⁶5 die im Hinblick auf die magnetischen Eigenschaften verforint werden, und daß bei einer nachfolgenden erforderlichen SchliiOglühungcii an den gestanzten Kaltbearbeitung der so erhaltenen Zwischenprodukte
eine Wiederervvärmung über 350' C vermieden wird.from 650 to IS (VC during the cooling continuously ⁶ 5 which are deformed with regard to the magnetic properties, and that in a subsequent necessary final annealingcii on the stamped cold working of the intermediate products obtained in this way
reheating above 350 ° C is avoided.

Fertigteilen und nicht schon am Blech vorgenommen werden. Die sich dann wieder einstellende Sprödi;;-Prefabricated parts and not already made on the sheet metal. The brittleness that then sets in again ;; -

Claims

3 43 4

However, the wedge does not hinder the stratification or the The 5 mm

Assembly of the molded parts. Sheets were then on. a temperature of

The particular benefit of the invention, however, is not reheated to 650 ° C and held for 1 hour,

only for the processor, but above all for Subsequently, they were placed on a four-high cold

the steel manufacturer through the possibility of a commercial 5 rolling stand with continuous passes, without intermediate

economic production given in technical measure. rather, heating using a <*. r cooling

Due to the no scratching for operational use, with around 15 to 20 stitches on sheet metal thickness

Table annealing time and processing time is now less than 1.5 now rolled.

strip production under tension is more possible, in contrast to which the thicker sheets

higher cross-sectional reductions and flatter belts to io at higher temperatures between 850 and 900 ° C

are to achieve. Since the deformation resistance of the rewarmed and again on a duo-warm

Si steels with increasing Si content, heavily with rolling mill, depending on the thickness with several intermediate

increasing temperature - e.g. B. the warming increases at around 870 ° C to a thickness between

Deformation resistance of a 6% Si steel in terms of 3.5 and 1.75 mm with controlled final rolling

\/.»rh:;llnic vii coinorn Wort Ke! 1 1 fill« C nitF »tiu» Hon «e temperatur u/!irrn0P-Wnl7t ΙΙΠίΙ flnnn Sofort im An-\ /. »Rh:; llnic vii coinorn word Ke! 1 1 fill « C nitF» tiu »Hon« e temperature u /! Irrn0P-Wnl7t ΙΙΠίΙ flnnn Immediately upon arrival

double at 1000'C. to about four times as much at the end of it on the four-high cold rolling mill.

850 C and about eight times the value at 700 ⁰ C and in a similar way as above on sheet metal

(Rolled lead thicknesses of less than 1 mm at temperatures between 550 and 250 C.

l> en «.lic · values, on the other hand, roughly constant), whereby the first stitches left on the cold rolling mill

Relation to a 3 "..igen Si steel the values about 20 at temperatures between 650 and 510 C with

are twice as high - would have been the done properly Stichabnahnien of about 15 to 20 ° "

fcriiste of the Wamibandstrasse and its coiler systems. The stitch decreases of the following

be designed to be particularly powerful. The stitches of the invention were chosen so that the entire intermediate

gciuäßc Wal / img to the intermediate product can then vvalziing with a constant rolling force per

in view of the large rolling forces and high pass, which in the present case under consideration

Variation temperatures on a multiple curling of the strong roll crowning at approx

Sendzimir-Walzgi iist with full-hard metal work- 850 kp mm rolling stock width was carried out,

rollers and winding ovens in the manner of a Steckel The intermediate products produced in this way could be

Hot rolling mill, which is one under I Able »not- in a known manner at down to room temperature.

agile afterwiirming of the hot) indbundes before the end of the temperature up to a sheet thickness of

Allow further processing to be carried out, 0.5 or 0.3 mm, for test purposes even up to

the. I in such a reversing stand is also for the 0.03 now. continue rolling. Even starting blocks. whose

Finished rolling up to the filament thickness were possibly broken with Ar edges, showed after this WaI-

Smaller diameters can be used. no edge cracks. The metal sheets closed

The requirement relates to cutting without cracks, normally at room temperature, as well as cutting cracked and brittle Si steels with Si contents from 4.5 to burr-free. Sheet metal strips 0.3 mm thick er-7.5 percent by weight, with the upper limit of the bending numbers at room temperature in the Si content and the remaining composition being on the order of 10 to and fro. The essentially fishnet with as low a specific electrical resistance as possible was 80 microlals of sliding elements, not 40 ohm cm for the process. The sheets were quasi-isotropic, or rather the ingenious of the spiral winding, but only with regard to the slight difference between fearful magnetic properties of importance and transverse loss values, which is currently important for commercial use, similar to hot-rolled sheets can be found in these silicon. For the processing according to the invention, a steel is largely opened by magnetic field tempering and the casting is lifted under vacuum or 45. The IJmmagnetisierurigsverluste reached each protective gas atmosphere with regard to the low temperature after annealing treatment V ₁₀ -WeMe <0.6Wkg with supply of the gaseous »impurities advantageously, 0.5 mm bending thickness.
since these Si steels z. B. when processing
Metal sheets tend to have blistered surfaces. The nitrogen content should therefore be <0.004 ".i 5"
being. Patent claims:

The discovery is illustrated by the following example:

lt-IJrammc »with the» dimensions of about 1, process for the production of intermediate ductile enough for a 190X650X 1100 mm from a 6 "/ (UgCn Si-Stahl 55 cold working Iron-silicon alloys transported by the plant, stripped there, at block temperature 4.5 to 7.5 percent by weight silicon, the remainder iron temperatures of about 650 to 700 ° C in a heating furnace with the usual manufacturing conditions and then heated with the furnace. cleaning, in which first a cast ingot was then drawn at IK) ⁰ ° C, the slabs were hot-formed, descaled and rolled on a four-high heavy-plate, since 11 rc h marked that The factory is initially formed into sheets with pre-products hot-formed in this rolling mill in the smallest possible sheet thickness between 5 and 8 mm, ranging from 650 to 350 "during the cooling process at a final rolling temperature of between 750 and 650 ° C be, and that rolled out at one. With a view to the limited possibilities of subsequent cold working of the resulting »IHikciten of further rolling, the intermediate sheets were re-heated over at these thicknesses» even warm divided, to room temperature - 350 ° C is avoided,
temperature cooled and mechanically descaled.

2. Procedure according to claim I.

indicates that the thermoformed preliminary products immediately after the thermoforming are further processed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoformed precursors are further processed by holding at 65O ⁰ C.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that with a cooling of the preliminary products below 650 ° C to room temperature after the hot forming before the deformation to Intermediate products are reheated with subsequent annealing at 650 ° C and the ongoing deformation to intermediate products in the temperature range from 650 to ZMi L enoigi.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that that the subsequent annealing is stirred for at least one hour.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that that the subsequent annealing lasts 3 to 7 hours.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the precursors to intermediate products can be continuously deformed in the temperature range from 500 to 425 ° C.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cast blocks to preliminary products be hot-rolled in the form of sheets or strips with a thickness of <5mm.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the preliminary products to sheet metal or strips with a thickness of <1.5 mm are rolled between them.

,,. ««, .Ι. Ancnnirh 1. characterized that the deformation to intermediate products by a 3andwalzung with hard metal rollers he follows.