DE2022891A1 - Device for the ultra-fast shutdown of electrical circuits - Google Patents

Description

^: 12659

DKT.Häibach

S Mifcchen 2

KiuBng6rstr, 8, Part 24Q27ö

■■ - · - ■■ 5130-70

ELECIRICITB DE PEARCE (Service National) '

Device for the ultra-fast disconnection of electrical circuits.

The invention "relates to the devices for ultrafast Disconnection of circuits with a swipe contact element, v / elehes so arranged between two conductor elements to be separated is that · it zv / ischen the continuity of the circuit manufactures these two elements.

Of such devices, the invention relates in particular to those for synthetic experiments on high-voltage switches or high voltage valves.

In particular, the invention aims to improve the switch-off speed of such devices.

The invention is a device for ultrafast Interruption of a circuit, especially for synthetic experiments of switches »with an intermediate contact element, which is so positioned between two conductor elements

009847/1298

arranges is that there is continuity of the circuit between manufactures these two elements, as well as with pyrotechnic means, which, when ignited, a rapid propulsion. Cause at least part of the intermediate contact member tion, whereby a rapid interruption of the circuit he follows. This device is characterized in that part of the intermediate contact member has at least one opening a container that closes a pressurized extinguishing agent, in particular air or sulfur hexafluoride, for arcing, the port slinging this Gledes exposed the opening of the container, leaving the extinguishing agent emerges from the container and between the conductor elements formed arc extinguishes.

According to a first embodiment, the intermediate contact member has a head which is in a cavity is located in a connected to one of the two conductor elements, carried by the wall of the container Ladder part formed and connected to the interior of the container by a converging and diverging channel is whose narrowest point has a relatively small diameter, and a cylindrical perpendicular to the head Rod, which enters the interior of the container, in which the other conductor element is located, with the diameter of the rod is equal to the diameter of the narrowest point of the converging and diverging canals, so that a chamber between the head of the contact member and the bottom of the cavity arises, in which dio pyrotechnic agent is arranged are.

According to a second embodiment, the device has an explosion chamber ₉ which forms a cylinder in which a piston enclosed in this is displaceable, the pyrotechnic means being located at one end of the explosion chamber, the extension of the intermediate contact member in the buoy position in the part of the Explosion chamber lies _? which is facing away from the end containing the pyrotechnic agent, the explosion chamber being in communication with an expansion chamber through at least one channel, the opening of this channel

009.847 / 1298 _BAD original

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in this chamber normally in the rest position of the Piston closed, but after ignition of the pyrotechnic means, after a certain stroke of the piston in the explosion chamber, it is opened.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Pig. 1 is a sectional view of a

first embodiment of a device according to the invention for ultra-fast shutdown.

Pig. 2 is a sectional view of a

second embodiment of an ultra-fast shutdown device according to the invention.

In Pig. 1, the disconnection device has an intermediate contact member 1, which is arranged between two conductor elements 2-22-26 and 5-26 so that there is the continuity of the circuit between these two elements, as well as pyrotechnic means 4 which, when ignited, produce a rapid Port sling of an ejectable part 1a of the intermediate contact member 1 and thus cause a rapid interruption of the circuit.

One containing the ejectable part 1-a

Section of the contact member 1 closes an opening 5 of a pressurized extinguishing agent for an arc containing container 6, the port ejection of the ejectable Part 1a of the Kontaktgliodes 1 takes place after the exterior of the container 6, so that the extinguishing agent from the container 6 exits and between the conductor elements 2-11-16 and 3-26 formed arc extinguishes

The approximately mushroom-shaped contact member 1 has a replaceable head 7 (with an ejectable part 7a belonging to part 1a), preferably by a Disk is formed whose peripheral edge is bent at right angles to form a collar 8 with respect to the disk plane is, as well as a perpendicular to the plane of the disk, extending towards the interior of the container 6 cylindrical rod.

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9 »The collar 8 and the rod 9 are on the same side of the head 7.

The head lies in a cavity 10,

which in a cap-shaped conductive, with the conductor element 2 connected shell 11 is formed. Pure the possible replacement of the head, the collar 8 is provided with an external thread and in the shell that is provided with a thread 11 screwed in. The concavities of part 11 and the head .. 7 are directed in opposite directions, so that a chamber 12 is created between them. Between the collar 8 and the bottom of the A seal 13 is arranged in the cavity 10 "

Part 11 is made up of a flat wall

14 of the container carried, in which it is preferably formed by means of an outer knurling.

The cavity 10 is with the interior of the

The container 6 is connected by a hole 15 formed in the bottom of the part 12 and adjoining the opening 5 formed in the opening 14. The opening 5 and the hole 15 form, for example, a channel converging and diverging from the inside of the container 6 to the outside 11 screwed into the bottom of the part, the rod, the opening 5 will determining removable ring 16 9 is provided surrounding ₉ ,, which can be easily replaced with a wear ₀

The wall H is made of insulating material ₉ during

the part 11 and the Hing 16 are metallic and electrically conductive _s

The head 7 has his on each side Disc a preferably circular rib 17 with a V-shaped cross-section. The ribs 17 ″ form two projections bare part 7a of the head 7 delimiting Brueh.ansatae fuV. the Disc.

The pyrotechnic means 4 & wsr en formed by a pressed explosive force ^ ₀ which as OETR the interior of the chamber 12 facing the Pläehe auswrftoarsa "rope

7a of the head 7 is attached «. Furthermore, there is an electrical contact 18 for igniting the explosive crane & s "Forgeseheiu Bläser

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Contact enables the electrical connection of a fuse wire (not visible) embedded in the explosive with a (not shown) release system by means of a Wire 29.

In addition to the insulating wall 14, the

Container 6 has a cylindrical metal jacket 19 and a second flat insulating tape 20, the walls 14 and 20 are together connected by bolts 21 provided at their ends with threads and nuts 22. Between the cylindrical shell 19 and the walls 14 and 2o seals 23 and 24, respectively, are provided. .

A valve fixed in the wall 20

with ball 25a and spring 25b allows the container to be filled with the extinguishing agent for arcing under pressure. This extinguishing agent is preferably air or sulfur hexafluoride educated. However, there can be others usually in In the form of vapor or liquid, extinguishing agents can be used.

The other conductor element 3 is inside

of the container 6 and attached to the wall 20. This element is metallic and carries a socket-shaped terminal 26 provided with concentric springs (not shown), in which the rod 9 engages and thus establishes an electrical connection between the element 3, the head 7 and the element 2. An insulating cap 27 for limiting the formation of arcing when the rod 9 is separated from the terminal 26 covers the latter. The cap 27 causes a centering of the arches and controls their attachment to the. Metal parts,

A pin-shaped metallic fastening element 28 passes through the wall 20 and is screwed into the element 3 at one end so that it is held on this wall. The Befestigungßglied 28 allows the purchase eohluss of the element 3 to a serhalb from the container 6 lying part of the circuit. ·

The mode of operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is as follows.

When the circuit in which the device is switched on is opened very quickly

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supposed to be the explosion of the pyrotechnic]! Means 4 forming explosive ring effected by means of the contact 18. This creates a very strong increase in pressure in the chamber 12, which results in the head 7 breaking at the ribs 17. Under the pressure of the explosion gases contained in the chamber 12 and under the effect of the pressure wave generated, the middle section 7_a of the head 7 and the rod 9 _f, which form the ejectable part 1a of the intermediate contact member a, are hurled outward from the container 6 at high speed _v and the electrical connection between elements 2-11-16 and 3-26 is suddenly broken.

The part ejected from the container

of the contact member 1 can have a speed of the order of magnitude Reach 50 to 100 m / s and even more.

The extinguishing agent contained in the container 6 can then pass through the opening 5 and the hole 15 emerge formed converging and diverging channel. The shape of this channel gives the extinguishing agent a large one Flow rate, which the blowing and the extinction of the between the terminal 26 and the'Ring 16 forming Arc facilitated, the ring 16 forms a starting point of the arc.

It's 25U notice that the dielectric strength of the system depends on the distance between the clamp 26 and the ring 16, since there is an arc between these parts trains. To achieve good dielectric strength, the ring must be far enough away from the terminal so that the rod 9 must have a greater length than this distance,

Such a device is used, in particular, to quickly switch off a circuit _{9 through which an alternating current flows}

It is especially for synthetic

Tests of high-voltage switches. Suitable and enabled the very fast shutdown of a high-voltage jellyfish after. an initial power feed < > You © rleioirbert the first names from synthetic for looking with multiple

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In addition, a certain number of such disconnection devices can be used, e.g. on a turntable or a rotary head or the like. appropriate to interrupt different circuits one after the other or at the same time.

In the embodiment of FIG the disconnection device has two poles 31 and 32, between which an intermediate contact member 33 is normally the electrical Establishes connection. This link 33 has a port set 34 at one end.

The device has three chambers,

namely an explosion chamber 35, which one in an in a housing 37 arranged cartridge 36 formed cylinder forms, for example an annular expansion chamber 38 arranged between the housing 37 and the cartridge 36, and a container normally containing a pressurized extinguishing agent, particularly air or sulfur hexafluoride 39 »which runs out into a passage 40 normally closed by the contact member 33, wherein a Sealing ring is provided at 48.

One or more channels 41 set the

Explosion chamber 35 and the expansion chamber 38 in communication with one another, while several channels 42 connect the Produce passage 40 with the relaxation chamber 38.

At one end of the explosion chamber 35

a pyrotechnic charge 43, which can be ignited by the passage of current through a wire 44, is arranged.

Finally, a piston 45 in the

■ slide a cylinder for this forming chamber 35. In its normal rest position, the piston rests on the end of the port set 34 of the contact member 33 (as shown in Fig. 2), whereby it closes the openings 41a through which the channels 41 open into the chamber 35.

Upon ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 43, the pressure of the gases in the upper portion 46 of the explosion chamber 35 throws the piston 45 and with it in the same direction the intermediate contact member 33 violently (in the direction of the arrow P) downwards. Dor expectoration of the intermediate

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contact member 33 after Xusseren the container 39 in the Space 47 causes the electrical connection between poles 31 and 32 to be interrupted. At the same time, there is ejection of the contact member 33 at the beginning of its stroke, the connection between the passage 40 and the channels 42 free, so that the pressurized extinguishing agent from the container 39 eats the expansion chamber 38 can cross and under excellent Conditions the cancellation of the between the intermediate contact member 33 and the pole 31 formed arc. Finally, the arrival of the piston 45 places in the lower section of the explosion chamber 35 the openings 41a free, with which the channels 41 open into the chamber 35, so that the burned gases from the section 46 in the expansion skamm he 38 can be discharged when the piston 45 has arrived at the lower end of its downward stroke.

On a first execution according to Pig. 2 tests carried out had the following results:

- Interruption time (between the

Electrical ignition pulse applied to wire 44 and the time at which the insulation distance was 30 mm): about 800 microseconds;

- Average ejection speed: about 90 meters / second;

- mean spread of the results less than ί 2 #. ■

The apparatus of Figure 2 has them all

Advantages of the device of the Pig. 1, and a very low interruption time, very high ejection speed and a very small spread of results.

A device according to Pig. 1 and 2 can

can be used in all cases in which an ultra-fast Interruption of electricity is required.

BATH

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Claims (1)

- 9 - 3130-70 Claims Device for the ultrafast shutdown of a StromSFeise, especially for synthetic ones Attempts at switches, with an intermediate contact member, which is arranged between two conductor elements so that it which establishes the continuity of the circuit between these two elements, and pyrotechnic means which at their Ignition at least a part of the toe contact member hurl away at high speed and thus cause the circuit to be switched off quickly, characterized in that that a part (9 »33) of the toe contact member closes at least one opening of a container (6, 59) which a contains pressurized extinguishing agent, in particular air or sulfur hexafluoride, for arcing, the port slinging of the contact member exposes the opening of the container so that the extinguishing agent escapes from the container and the arc formed between the conductor elements (2, 3-31 »32) extinguishes. 2 ») disconnection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact member has a head (7), which lies in a cavity (10) which is connected to one (2) of the two conductor elements (2, 3) and of the wall (14) of the container (6) carried conductive part and with the interior of the container (6) by a converging and diverging channel (15) is connected, whose narrowest point has a relatively small diameter has, as well as a to the head (7) perpendicular cylindrical rod (9) which extends into the interior of the Extended container (6) in which the other conductor element (3) is located, the diameter of the rod (9) equal to the diameter of the narrowest point of the converging and diverging channel (15), such that one the pyrotechnic. Means (4) containing chamber (12) between the head (7) of the contact member and the bottom of the cavity (10) is formed. 3 ·) disconnection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the head (7) of the contact members 009847/1298 bad original • - 10 - 3130-70 at least one rupture approach when igniting the pyrotechnic Means (4) forming rib (17), and that the pyrotechnic means through a pressed explosive ring are formed, which are attached to the inside of the chamber (12) lying side of the head (7) of the contact member and that the pyrotechnic means contain an electric igniter. 4 ·) Shutdown device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the extinguishing agent container (6) by one at both ends by two flat insulating walls (14 »20) closed cylindrical metal jacket (I9) is formed, each of these walls (14, 20) one the outside respectively. inside the detergent container (6) lying conductor elements (2, 3) carries. ■ 5.) Shutdown device according to claim 1, characterized by an explosion chamber (35)> which forms a cylinder in which a piston enclosed in it (45) can slide, the pyrotechnic means (43) being arranged at one end of the explosion chamber (35), during the port set (34) of the intermediate contact member a is in the rest position in the section of the explosion chamber, which faces away from the one containing the pyrotechnic means (43), the explosion chamber (35) through at least a channel (41) with an expansion chamber (38) in connection stands, with the mouth of this channel in this chamber .. normally in the rest position is closed by the piston (45), but after a certain travel of the piston in the Explosion chamber (35) is opened after the ignition of the pyrotechnic means (43). 6.) Shutdown device according to claim 5 » characterized in that the expansion chamber (38) by at least one channel (42) with a related with the extinguishing agent container (39) passage (40) in compound ₈ which is normally closed in the rest position by the intermediate contact member (33) but vrirdp at the beginning of the stroke of this member after the ignition of the pyrotechnic means (43) is exposed ₉ so that the extinguishing agent can reach the container (39) la the expansion chamber (38) .., 00 9-8 47/1291 ^ß AD origjnal - 11 - - 3130-70 thereby extinguishing the arc that is between formed the pus elements (31-32), between which the intermediate contact member (33) establishes an electrical connection in its rest position. BAD ORIGfNAL 0 0 98A 7/12 98