DE2021254A1 - On a sea floor or the like. Floating system to be anchored, especially mooring buoy - Google Patents

Description

Tue ^- . F. 7ι ·: ϊΛ: λλ son. - Dr. Γ ·. ACiO-.rnnn

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8 Munich 2, Bräuhausstrasse 4/111

EiITREPRISE D ^r EQUIPEMMTS MEG ANTIQUES ET-HYDRAUIIQUES EMH,

To be anchored to a sea bed or the like Schv / immsystem, especially! Pestmacheboje. "

The invention relates to the floating

Systems used for anchoring in relation to a seabed or the like. (or also in relation to an underwater arrangement, e.g. an underwater storage tank). Such Systems are e.g. pest-making buoys, barges or other ships with a relatively flat bottom, etc. From such systems the invention is particularly those for petroleum plants, In particular for the temporary mooring of tankers, especially for the transfer of petroleum from (especially under Water) storage containers to the ships, - or vice versa.

■ ■ .-. It is known to have such floating

Sya cores, in particular buoys, with a sea floor by means of verarikerun / rokefrten connect to. However, this solution has different nights, especially the main ones

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BATH ORIGINAL

the movements that occur, rapid wear and tear on the anchoring chains and rapid wear and tear on flexible ones Hoses "for the kerosene, in case it is about mooring was about tankers

The aim of the invention is stability

such buoys or floating systems by a new one Improve mounting method.

Such systems are invented for this purpose.

appropriately designed so that the floating part with the (attached to the seabed or to an underwater container) Anchoring base through at least one to this articulated arm is connected, which is normally under consideration the depth of the anchoring floor a certain (e.g. depending on the order of magnitude 20 to 45 ° or more amount) inclined position, whereby the articulation of the arm3 is preferably double, i.e. about a horizontal one Axis and around a vertical axis, so that the inclination of the arm corresponds to that acting on the floating part hydrostatic and mechanical forces can change, in addition, the An opposite to the vertical pivot axis in particular can adjust according to the wind and current.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Pig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a system according to the invention forming a pestmachine buoy.

Pig · 2 and 3 are schematic views of two versions of the Pig system. 1.

fig · 4 to 6 show soharaatic in a side view or in a partial row seen from the side baw. in plan view only the buoy of a system according to the invention with transfer of a liquid from a supply (shaft UBW.).

? ig. 7 is a side view of another embodiment of such a system according to the invention.

*, Fig. 8 shows, in the same representation, a partial view of a variant of the system of the Pig. Ί *

Flg. 9 int a sohematiscit « side view

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; -a similar system with automatic actuation the drum.

Pig. 10 schematically shows another embodiment of the invention.

. Pig 11 and 12 schematically show one

Side view or a partial plan view of an inventive anchored baths. ■

Pig. 13 and 14 show a schematic

Side view of a according to another embodiment of FIG. \ " Invention trained, a Pestmacheboje forming system in the transport position or in the assembly position. "

Pig 15 and 16 show schematics of

the side or from above, partial views of a tanker i and a pestmachine pontoon designed according to the invention and anchored.

Pig. 17 and 18 show the same representation a similar arrangement in which the 'pontoon has become a landing quay.

Fig. 19 is a schematic rare.

sees one according to another embodiment of the invention trained pestmachine buoy.

'Pig. 20 and 21 show, in the same representation, partial views of two design modifications of a similar one loan arrangement for applying the invention to a boat.

The invention solves the general problem

the anchoring of a float relative to the seabed ₉ ™, especially at an aeous (eg up to 30 m or even greater) depth E, the float being subjected to the effects of the swell and mechanical forces which are initially described for the sake of belapi'els. Use on pest-making buoys for tankers ο »like. the tensile forces exerted on the P-estnache cable are

The float, especially the one

^ Mooring buoy 1 (Pig · 1), is connected to an anchoring base 2 »which at the» bottom 3 (or, for example, at eimas Uaterwaeeereinlaeerungnbehalter) duroh at least one ^; -Filet let, nlt which the buoy is preferably fea '% ·. i »t, while it is hinged to the base iet _s where the. * i

008847/11 eat

"BAD ORIGINAL

tion is made in such a way that the arm has a certain incline A for the normal floating position with respect to the vertical axis Z-Z of the anchoring point, which depending on the situation is selected in a range of the order of 20 to 45 ° or even 60 (in particular 30 °).

In such an arrangement, the

from the ship on the cable 5 attached to the bollard 6 tensile force P to increase the inclination angle A by pivoting the arm 4 about its horizontal hinge axis 7 (as shown in Fig. 1 with greatly exaggerated dashed lines), but this change has the effect Opposite enlargement of the buoyancy exerted on the more strongly indented float 2. It should be noted that this compensating effect is greater, the greater the angle A was originally chosen in accordance with the design. If the angle is chosen appropriately, the fluctuations remain very limited.

Further are the effects of the swell

likewise relatively limited, and the buoy is stable in any case in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and according to FIGS. 2 to _9f in which the floating body is firmly connected to the arm 4.

The effects of the swell depend on the

Shape of the float. They bind larger in the case of a flat body or a flat buoy of the type shown in FIG. 1, but this shape is apparently advantageous for convenient access to the buoy and for the convenient attachment of various items of equipment. These fluctuations are smaller in the case of a vertical float of the type shown in FIG. 2 with an upper platform 8, but immersion under the effect of the fluctuations in ventilation, either as a result of the force P or the fluctuation of the vertical loads acting on the buoy, is greater has therefore in any case to determine the most favorable position * Pig * 3 has an intermediate solution _t because of which a matching white limb 9 is provided on the pub of the vertical column forming the body ^ 1.

regardless of the selected execution

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BATH ORIGINAL

form, a double joint must be provided at the foot of the arm 4 be, namely the joint 7 with a horizontal axis and a a pivoting 'about the vertical axis Z-Z permitting device 10.

This device is generally essential for the assembly to adjust freely into the wind without causing any secondary reaction or difficulty in mooring.

In this way, arrangements can be made whose floating body or buoy 1 is very stable and the erection of any various devices, such as signal or identification masts, meteorological Measuring devices, etc., local, landing areas, material stores and ins- " special winding drums, as shown in Pig »4 to 6.

Pig. 4 to 6 show a Bo3e 1 with two

Drums 11 for winding the flexible cables 12 for the conversion of petroleum, which can be connected to at least one feed line 13, which for example, can come from an element located at or under supply of water, a petroleum \ bay, etc. · At the base are rotational connections 14 and 15 are provided to enable the arm to pivot freely. A connecting line 16 running along the arm leads to the drums 11.

The mooring point 6 is in the usual

Way trained. The volume of the buoy 1 for receiving the 1st ä auxiliary equipment, such as power generator or hydraulic unit, pumps, etc., is divided.

• Pig. 4 shows a possible embodiment of the

Trunnion 10 with a vertical axis. The cone has hler the shape of turntable rollers, which between one the joint 7 receiving base 17 and a base plate 18 firmly connected to the base 2 which is anchored to the ground.

It is to be noted that for limitation

the rfiuamgeflauf. the mooring 9 more ine outer Abwsiseyor « direction provided in the form of a tip so that the Buoy from "one or the other side wall of one with the The bow of the approaching ship is pushed slightly aside.

9847 / 1US ^:

Pig. 7 and 8 show other solutions

for the execution of the rotary connections between the feed line and the buoy.

In the embodiment of FIG. 7 increases

the petroleum line 13 along the axis Z-Z perpendicularly by an extension 19, which at. her puss a flexible one Has line 20 in order to be able to follow the pivoting of the arm 4. This extension 19 can be carried by a frame 21 which is firmly connected to the buoy 1- and, if necessary, is provided with a strut arm 22. One through a bend 24 feed pipe 23 connected to extension 19 leads to the buoy. In this solution there is only one slewing ring at 25 £ present.

In the embodiment of the Pig. 8 remains

Maintain the rotary connection 14, but there is a flexible connection 26 between the connection 14 and the line 16 intended. "■

In such devices, the drum

moln for winding the. Flexible lines 12 as well as all equipment elements are operated in particular by hydraulic mechanisms which are fed by a central © located in the float »

However, especially since the pulling in of the

flexible lines are not essential, as is the case with bad ones Weather, according to another feature of the invention, aur ™ Feeding of these mechanisms an angetrlebane by the swell Pump can be used.

According to one in Flg. 9 shown from * guide form, means can be used for such a pump, which are actuated by the vibrations of the arm 4 »

In fig. 9 is the (drum 11 by a A hydraulic motor forming system shown at 27

This motor 27 w ^ rd by a hydraulic pipe 28 connected to it opv / ie jait Ölre.ssrm 29 geepelat, α & ΐ piston ο »the like» of the pump by means of a link 30 connected to a fixed point 31 is actuated,

BIa vibrations dna Arise 4 apparently actuate the Leaker and cause-.ap to drive the pump and

-0.09847 / 'TISi'

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the operation of the drum 11.

A modification of this arrangement is shown in the right-hand part of FIG. This one with 28-j designated pump is a handlebar 30 from einin 'Arm 32 running out into a float 33 is actuated. Here too cause the vibrations of the arm 4 and the buoy 1 formed arrangement corresponding vibrations of the arm 32 for driving the pump 28 ...

-Naturally; can.according to this invention.s- -V ■

feature any other piece of equipment in this way; automatically driven by the swell. ^

Above it was assumed that arm 4 was fixed

is connected to the float 1, which is the best solution seems to be the same to achieve good stability. "

However, the invention is not based on this

Solution limited, i.e. in certain cases a flexible joint or a universal joint can be used between the floating body and the arm may be provided, as shown at 34 in FIG is.

This' Training in work boats, as shown in Fig. 11.

In the embodiment of Pig.11 is

the bark 1 with a universal joint at 34 on an arm 4 of the articulated above. This boat can carry a derrick 35, for example.

■ The advantage of such an arrangement, etc.

is that it can easily be brought to the Verankerung'sstelle, said ^comprising: a lifting cable 36 combined arm 4 is folded under the bark.

When anchoring, and afterwards on the ground

a base 2 was attached, which expediently guides 37 for inserting the pin in the base plate 18, the arm 4 is lowered, the procedure being that the plate 18 under guidance by the guides 37 exactly to the desired place, whereupon the whole thing comes through through this Guides stepping latch 38 (Fig. 12) in the correct position is locked. The same process is done in reverse order made when the barque moved to another S-place

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BATH ORIGINAL

shall be.

Such an arrangement is particularly easy to use *

Another feature of the invention,

which in particular is the case assumed in FIGS concerns that the buoy odsr bark 1 is normally fixed with the arm 4 is connected, the training is made so that, if desired, the connection between the buoy 1 and the arm 4 returned to a joint with a horizontal axis can be so that the arm 4 can be dragged in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 13.

Such an attachment between the

Dividing 1 to 4 can be done in any suitable manner. In general, it is sufficient to have a sufficiently strong horizontal Joint 40 and also at points 41 and 42 mechanical fastening means of any suitable type, which in the assembly position (Fig. 14) the mutual determination and effect the lock at 43.

This execution avoids

the buoy 1 in the towing position has an excessive inclination to be granted as they are free in their normal floating position remains, as in Pig. 13 shown.

In Pig. 13 and 14 are assumed to be

the anchoring base 2 is formed by one or more hollow bodies which are filled with liquid when sinking can be · Pur den Transport (Pig. 13), however, the Baals 2 are made to swim, giving them the weight des Anna 4- at least partially.

For the transition from the towing position of the

Pig. 13 in the assembly position of the Pig. 14 become any uses suitable means which support the base 2 and the arm and enable them to be lowered. These funds included & .B. a winch system 44, which is from a floating body 45 can be worn «

For this assembly, however, can also

! find which one is on the boat Haet or the like. be worn. In Fifi. 15 iet such a thing Measures at 35 »

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Also note that if instead of of a floating body 2, a concrete body of the type shown in FIG. 15 at 2 is used, this anchoring base 2 is brought into place separately, so that when towing only the weight of half of the arm 4 and the vertical pin 10 supporting Telia 17 to be carried needs.

15 and 16 show a likewise invent in accordance with the arrangement, in particular in the event that that the swimming system is formed by a boat or a pontoon provided with handling means.

These figures show a mast 35, which if necessary. For assembly in a working position (in Fig. 15 dashed position) or in a folded-up position (fully extended position) can be brought, and one Loading boom ο »like. 46, which is at a suitable distance holds the hoses 12 from the pontoon for establishing the connection with a tanker 47

You can still see the length of the 3 arms at 16

4 running connecting line or lines and at 13 the to a fixed one on the bank or on any other Place attached base of walking pipes.

In this embodiment the arm is 4

hinged below the pontoon at 34. For transportation, i.e. to bring the device to the workplace or in the Port "is the arm 4 by means of the mast 35 and brought the corresponding winch into a horizontal position.

In Figs. 17 and 18 there is a different

dungsßemäase training "shown in which the swimming system 1 has the shape of an elongated quay at which a Moor the ship and attach it to it by any mooring means 48 can be moored »

You can also see these at 16, 12 and 13 above pipelines. .

The arm or arms 4 are articulated at 34 below the Schwlmin system 1 , which forms a cage, and can be folded down under the quay when slipping the sole, whereby the pin 17, 10 can have any ends adjacent to them.

bige suitable means of the type described above is raised.

Of course, this can be seen, for example, on Figs

18 shown swimming system 1 in any other way executed v / earth. It can ζ ,, B. by one carried by swimmers Pipe grids are formed. The arrangement is then lighter and less sensitive to the effects of the swell.

Another in Pig. 19 to 21 shown Embodiment of the invention, the connection between the arm 4 and the anchoring base 2 by a in Fig.

19 manufactured at 50 shown universal joint, whereby the Arm 4 is prevented from rotating about its longitudinal axis.

This execution is interesting because then

when used on petroleum systems with one running along the arm, the petroleum from one arranged on the floor Container or line 16 feeding a supply line 13 a rotary joint no longer needs to be provided between 13 and 16. Because arm 4 is no longer around rotates itself, only a flexible connecting pipe 26 needs to be provided.

However, since the arm 4 does not rotate on itself due to the presence of the universal joint, must additional funds are provided which the working platform 51 hold the actual buoy 52 horizontally. These means consist in removing the actual buoy from the floating head 1 by a device that enables swiveling to separate.

^s ·· As can be seen from Pig »19, which two

Limit positions of the arm 4 on both sides by the universal joint going perpendicular Z-Z- shows / ärehii the actual Buoy 52 during the transition from one of these positions to the others turn 180 ° around the axis x-x of their pin -jyl

This Drehurg is generally automatic, since the center of gravity G of the pivotable buoy 52 is below "the axis x-x of the pin lies.

Control means can of course also be used

be provided, which the Schwenkimg about the axis x-x in Puncture control the rotation of the arm 4 about the Z-Z axis.

009847/1158

SAD ORIGJNAL

V> ■. - 11 -

The above statements apply to any floating arrangement other than a buoy.

The same -. 'Arrangement can e.g.

Bark or a floating quay of those already described above Kind -.be applied.

One such boat is in Pig. 20 and 21 shown at 1.

In this case it forms the main swimming part, which is connected by a joint with a horizontal axis 54 to an intermediate holder 55, which in turn about an axis x-x on a head that closes off the arm 4 56 is pivotable.

In the modification of the Pig.20

the joint 54 is provided on a cradle 57. In the initial g of Pig führungsabwandlung. 21 it is arranged on an intermediate part built directly into the boat. However, other designs are also possible

In particular, the head 55, 56 instead of in the middle of the boat to end at one end of the same be articulated.

The swimming system according to the invention has, especially when used on petroleum systems, numerous advantages over such known systems.

The stability of the buoys or other

Floating body is ensured, whereby the same movements% to as much as possible reduced by the action of forces acting on them at the water surface and at depth. . ■

You will automatically adjust to the wind . . '-.' ■■■ '- "-. ....''.; _

On the anchoring point are under

the effect of the forces acting on the floats has no effect abnormal forces exerted.

The invention can be used except for petroleum

systems can also find other applications. It is particularly applicable to buoys ζμΓ marking of shipping canals. A common buoy is attached to a chain, the length of which is three times the depth of the water _s

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BATH ORIGINAL

so that its real position has an uncertainty equal to the diameter of the pivot about the armature, i. in the present case, it is roughly equal to your sixfold the water depth. In the system according to the invention the uncertainty can be reduced to twice or three times the depth.

847/1151

Claims (1)

Claims 1,) / ■■ Swimming system, in particular pestmachine buoy, barque, etc.Vr for anchoring to a seabed Ό «the like, in particular for petroleum systems, - characterized by that its floating part (1) with the anchoring base (2) is connected by at least one arm (4) hinged to it, which normally takes into account the depth of the anchoring floor assumes a certain incline (A), with a double articulation is present, namely around a horizontal axis (?) and around a vertical axis (10), in such a way that the inclination of the Arms (4) are in puncture acting on the floating part hydrostatic or mechanical forces can, with the addition of the arm in relation to the perpendicular Pivot axis (10) especially in the wind and the current ' can adjust. 2.) System according to claim 1, characterized in that that the float (1) is firmly attached to the arm (4) connected is. 3.) System according to claim 1, characterized in that indicates that the position of the arm (4) is selected so that it is between 20 ° and 45 ° with the vertical Forms angle (A). 4 ·) System according to claim 1, in particular for a Pestmaoheboje, characterized in that this has an essentially flat shape (1, 'Ig. D * 5 ·) System naoh claim 1, in particular for a buoy, characterized in that this · the shape of a has vertical column (1, Pig. 2 and 3). 6.) System according to claim 5, characterized in that the column below has a flattened float (9) carries. · ' '· 7.) System according to one of claims VbIa ". 6, especially for PeetmacheboJen, marked by a or several drums (11) for winding a flexible one Pipes (12) for connection to a ship, the drum ▼ oa floor made of lines having articulated connections 000 * 47/1151 ORIGINAL BATHROOM is fed. 8.) System according to claim 7, characterized in that the feed pipe coming from the ground (13) first a vertical extension arranged in the pivot axis (19), at the upper end of which there is a connection (25) for feeding a line (23) leading to the buoy (1) is provided. 9.) System according to claim 7 _? marked by a single connection provided on the lower portion of a vertical connector, one being flexible Line (26) is connected to a pipe section (16) extending along the arm (4). 10 ») System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pivoting around the vertical Axis is made possible by a device (17, 18 - Fig. 4) designed in the manner of a turntable, 11 ») system according to one of claims 1 bit 10, characterized in that the actuation at least to a certain extent on the buoy or the like. (1) provided equipment is carried out by a hydraulic motor, which by an automatic pump operated in puncture of the swell is driven » 12.) System according to claim 11 »characterized in that that the pump (28) is carried by the swivel arm (4) and connected to the anchoring base (2) by one Handlebar (30) is operated. 13 ·) System according to spoke 11, thereby KonnEOichnet that the pump (28 ^) carried by the buoy (1) and by actuating a rod (30, 32) carried by the latter, which rods into a rod lying on the surface of the liquid Float (33) is running out 14.) System according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the buoy, boat or the like. (T) is articulated to the arm (4). 15.) System according to claim 14, in particular those for a barque or a flat-bottomed boat, thereby characterized in that the arm (4) hinged to the base (2) aeinereeite. is hinged to the barque (T), with a lifting "Yatea (36,? Ig. 11)" for lifting the Irma (4) for transport 009847/1161 "" "202125A is provided with the end of the arm in anchoring releasable from the base previously anchored to the seabed (2) can be attached. . 16 «) Sohwimmsys tem according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating part is fixed with is connected to the arm (4, Jig. 13), but by means of which if desired are limited to a joint (40) can, in such a way that in particular the arm during transport in an approximately horizontal position can be brought. 17.) System according to claim 16, characterized characterized in that the fixed connection between the floating part (1) and the arm (4) in at least two places is produced, namely at a point at which-a Joint is provided for pivoting about a horizontal axis (40), and at least one other point at which an attachment can be made by any releasable means (41, 42). 18.) System according to claim 16, characterized by a, preferably foldable, on the boat provided mast (35) or the like. for transferring the arm (4) into a horizontal position. 19 ·) System according to claim 16, characterized marked that the floating part (1) or the barque at least one support arm (46, Fig. 15), which extends outwards and the flexible lines (12) for establishing the connection with a tanker (47) or the like. wearing. 20 ·) System according to claim T, gekennzeioh- | net by a floating quay (1, Fig. 17), under which the arm (4) is pivotably "attached. 21.) Swimming system, in particular, according to Claim 1, characterized in that the arm (4) to the B ^ asis (2) is articulated by a cardan joint (50, Fig. 1.9), so that it cannot turn around its longitudinal axis. 22.) System according to claim 21, characterized in that at least one section (52, 'Fig. 19) of the buoy (T) attached to the end of the arras or other floating' arrangement on the arm is pivotable about the longitudinal axis of the same . '-. ■■■ ■■ .. ■■: 009847/1156 23 «) system according to claim 21 and 22, characterized in that the rotation takes place automatically at the end of the arm (4) pivotable portion (52) by gravity, 24.) System according to claim 21 and 22, characterized in that the rotation of the arm at the end dee 'pivotable portion (52) by a control system in puncture of the pivoting occurs about the pivot passing through its lower vertical axis (ZZ) of the arm (4). 25 ·) System according to claim 21 and 22, characterized in that the platform of the buoy (1) is pivotable is connected to a floating head (56, Figs. 20 and 21) carried by the end of the arm (4). 26.) System designed as a barque according to Claim 14, 21 and 22, characterized in that the barque is pivotably connected about a horizontal axis to a holder which is attached to the end of the arm and opposite this can pivot about a longitudinal axis. / 11 SS BADOHiGINAL Read r e 11 e