DE202023107377U1 - Filter for separating substances - Google Patents

Abstract

Filter (10) for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two substances and/or for separating at least one substance from at least one liquid, comprising at least one filter element (12) which has a metal band (22) provided with openings (28). , wherein the openings (28) are produced by means of rotary cutting and stretching and / or rolling stretching.

Description

The present invention relates to a filter for separating substances, comprising at least one filter element which has a metal band provided with openings.

It is known to use metal strips with openings as filters or sieves in order to separate substances, for example solids from a gas and/or a liquid. Such filters or sieves are created by punching openings into a metal strip. The disadvantage of this type of production is that waste is generated and the degree of output in meters of strip length is small.

The present invention is based on the object of specifying a filter that avoids waste during production and at the same time enables a high level of output.

To solve the problem, a filter with the features of claim 1 is proposed.

Advantageous embodiments of the filter are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to one aspect of the invention, a filter for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two substances and / or for separating at least one substance from at least one liquid, comprising at least one filter element which has a metal band provided with openings, the openings being made by means of rotary cutting and stretching and/or rolling stretching.

By producing the openings in the metal strip using rotary cutting and stretching and/or rolling, no waste is created during production. In addition, the level of output, in particular the level of output in meters of strip length, is large, since the openings can be produced at a high production speed through rotary cutting and subsequent stretching and/or rolling. In addition, the energy used for production is reduced compared to the metal strips produced in the stamping process, so that the filter has a reduced CO ₂ footprint. The filter according to the invention thus has an improved energy balance and reduced manufacturing costs.

Substances can be separated from each other using the filter. At least two solids can be separated from each other using the filter. It is also possible to separate at least one solid from at least one fluid, such as a liquid or a gas. The filter according to the invention can also be used as a sieve. The substances to be separated can also be referred to as filter material.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip produced using the rotary cutting process forms a grid structure for the filter.

During rotary cutting, which can also be referred to as a rolling cutting process, slots are made in a metal strip using a rotating cutting wheel. After slitting, the metal strip can have elevations in the area of the slits. The slotted metal strip is then stretched, i.e. pulled elongated, and/or rolled, whereby the slots are expanded into openings. Stretching is advantageously carried out by rolling stretching.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is rolled smooth. During rotary cutting, elevations arise in the area of the slots. These elevations are smoothed by rolling the metal strip after rotary cutting. As a result, the metal strip no longer has any elevations and the metal strip has a smooth surface. Consequently, rolling can be used after rotary cutting to smooth the metal strip and/or to widen the slots to form the openings.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip has elevations in the area of the openings. Due to the rotary cutting, elevations are created during slitting that protrude from a surface of the metal strip. By rolling the metal strip along webs that are formed between the slots, the slots are expanded into openings and at the same time the elevations in the metal strip remain. As a result, the metal strip has a wavy contour in cross section.

In an advantageous embodiment, the elevations form slats that are set at an angle. The elevations can therefore form a kind of slanted blind slats. The slanted slats define a direction in which the separating substance or the filter material should be transported out of the filter.

In an advantageous embodiment, the openings have a hexagonal shape or the shape of an elongated hole.

In an advantageous embodiment, the openings have an opening width between 0.1 mm and 4 mm. It is also advantageous for the openings to have an opening width of between 1 mm and 3.5 mm. This allows a variety of solids fen be filtered out of a liquid or a gas.

In an advantageous embodiment, an opening width of the openings can be adjusted by the degree of stretching and/or degree of rolling. This allows the breakthroughs to be tailored specifically to the application. By increasing the degree of stretching and/or rolling, the opening width of the openings can be increased. The opening width can be adjusted via the slot width of the openings, the degree of stretching and/or the degree of rolling. The degree of stretching or rolling degree corresponds to the reduction in thickness of the metal strip due to the stretching process or rolling process.

The openings can advantageously have a length from 1 mm to almost the entire width of the metal strip perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the metal strip. In particular, the length of the openings can be between 1 mm and the bandwidth minus 2 times the thickness of the metal strip per side.

In an advantageous embodiment, the openings arranged in edge sections of the metal strip have an open contour and/or a closed contour and the openings arranged in an inner section of the metal strip have a closed contour. The openings arranged in the edge sections can taper inwards in a wedge shape or point. The openings arranged in the edge sections are advantageously open on the outside of the band, that is, the openings do not have a closed border on the edges of the metal strip. Alternatively, the openings in the edge sections can be designed as an opening with a closed border, which means that the openings in the edge sections have a closed contour. The openings arranged in the inner section are advantageously designed as openings with a closed border. The openings can be diamond-shaped, hexagon-shaped and/or slot-shaped.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, in particular between 0.3 mm and 0.7 mm. Due to its small thickness, the filter is lightweight.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is formed into a circular cylinder or a polygon-shaped or polygonal cylinder, with free ends of the metal strip formed into a circular cylinder or a polygon-shaped cylinder being connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting and/or material-locking manner. As a result, the metal strip formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder retains its final contour. For example, the free ends can be soldered and/or welded together. Alternatively, the free ends can be crimped together.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip consists of a hot strip or a cold strip.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal band is an endless band. This allows the metal strip to be manufactured in an endless process.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is made of a metal coated or bright in all states with ductile properties, or a metal alloy coated or bright in all states with ductile properties. Due to its ductile properties, the metal strip can be cut and deformed.

In a method for producing a filter according to the invention, a metal band, in particular a metal band designed as an endless band, is provided. Slots are then made by rotary cutting. The slots are expanded into openings by stretching and/or rolling.

If the slots are expanded into openings by stretching, then the metal strip can have elevations in the area of the slots that were created as a result of the rotary cutting.

In an advantageous embodiment, after the slots have been expanded to form openings, the metal strip is cut to length by stretching and/or rolling. Alternatively, after the slots have been expanded to form openings by stretching and/or rolling, the metal strip can be made endless, i.e. the endless metal strip is wound onto a spool.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip, in particular the cut metal strip, is formed into a circular cylinder or a polygon-shaped cylinder.

In an advantageous embodiment, free ends of the metal strip formed into a circular cylinder or a polygonal cylinder are connected to one another in a form-fitting, non-positive and/or material-locking manner.

In an advantageous embodiment, the metal strip is rolled after the slots have been introduced.

• 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Filters gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsformmit einem Metallband gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 2 einen Querschnitt durch den Filter von 1 entlang der Linie II-II in 1;
• 3 eine Draufsicht auf das Metallband gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform;
• 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Filter gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit einem Metallband gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform, wobei das Metallband um 90° gedreht ist;
• 5 einen Querschnitt durch den Filter von 4 entlang der Linie V-V in 4;
• 6 einen Filter gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform mit einem Metallband gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
• 7 einen Querschnitt durch den Filter von 6 entlang der Linie VII-VII in 6;
• 8 eine Draufsicht auf das Metallband gemäß der zweiten Ausführungsform;
• 9 einen Querschnitt durch das Metallband gemäß der zweiten Ausführungsform entlang der Linie IX-IX in 8;
• 10 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Filters gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform mit einem Metallband gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform;
• 11 eine Draufsicht auf den Filter von 10;
• 12 eine Draufsicht auf das Metallband gemäß der dritten Ausführungsform;
• 13 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Filters gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform mit einem Metallband gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform;
• 14 eine Draufsicht auf den Filter von 13;;
• 15 eine Draufsicht auf das Metallband gemäß der vierten Ausführungsform;
• 16 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Filters gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform mit einem Metallband gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform;
• 17 eine Draufsicht auf den Filter von 16;
• 18 eine Vorderansicht des Filters von 16;
• 19 einen Schnitt durch den Filter von 18 entlang der Linie XIX-XIX in 18;
• 20 eine Draufsicht auf das Metallband gemäß der fünften Ausführungsform;
• 21 einen Schnitt durch das Metallband von 20 entlang der Linie XXI-XXI in 20;
• 22 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Filters gemäß einer siebten Ausführungsform mit einem Metallband gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform;
• 23 eine Draufsicht auf den Filter von 22;
• 24 eine Vorderansicht des Filters von 22;
• 25 einen Schnitt durch den Filter von 24 entlang der Linie XXV-XXV in 24;
• 26 eine Draufsicht auf das Metallband gemäß der sechsten Ausführungsform; und
• FIG: 27 einen Schnitt durch das Metallband von 26 entlang der Linie XXVII-XXVII in 26.

Filters, metal strips, a method for producing the filters and further features and advantages are explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the figures. This shows:

• 1 a perspective view of a filter according to a first embodiment with a metal band according to a first embodiment;
• 2 a cross section through the filter of 1 along line II-II in 1 ;
• 3 a top view of the metal strip according to the first embodiment;
• 4 a perspective view of a filter according to a second embodiment with a metal band according to the first embodiment, wherein the metal band is rotated by 90 °;
• 5 a cross section through the filter of 4 along the line VV in 4 ;
• 6 a filter according to a third embodiment with a metal band according to a second embodiment;
• 7 a cross section through the filter of 6 along line VII-VII in 6 ;
• 8th a top view of the metal strip according to the second embodiment;
• 9 a cross section through the metal strip according to the second embodiment along line IX-IX in 8th ;
• 10 a perspective view of a filter according to a fourth embodiment with a metal band according to a third embodiment;
• 11 a top view of the filter from 10 ;
• 12 a top view of the metal strip according to the third embodiment;
• 13 a perspective view of a filter according to a fifth embodiment with a metal band according to a fourth embodiment;
• 14 a top view of the filter from 13 ;;
• 15 a top view of the metal strip according to the fourth embodiment;
• 16 a perspective view of a filter according to a sixth embodiment with a metal band according to a fifth embodiment;
• 17 a top view of the filter from 16 ;
• 18 a front view of the filter from 16 ;
• 19 a section through the filter of 18 along the line XIX-XIX in 18 ;
• 20 a top view of the metal strip according to the fifth embodiment;
• 21 a cut through the metal band 20 along line XXI-XXI in 20 ;
• 22 a perspective view of a filter according to a seventh embodiment with a metal band according to a sixth embodiment;
• 23 a top view of the filter from 22 ;
• 24 a front view of the filter from 22 ;
• 25 a section through the filter of 24 along line XXV-XXV in 24 ;
• 26 a top view of the metal strip according to the sixth embodiment; and
• FIG: 27 shows a section through the metal strip 26 along the line XXVII-XXVII in 26 .

In 1 10 shows a filter 10 according to a first embodiment for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two solids or for separating at least one solid from at least one fluid, such as a liquid or a gas.

The filter 10 has a filter element 12 which is provided with a first end cap 16 at a first end 14 and with a second end cap 20 at a second end 18.

The filter element 12 has a metal band 22 according to a first embodiment, which is formed into a circular cylinder 24.

The metal strip 22 is made of a hot strip or a cold strip and of a metal coated or bright in all states with ductile properties, or a metal alloy coated or bright in all states with ductile properties...

The metal strip 22 has a width B between 15 mm and 200 mm and a uniform thickness between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.

Like in the 1 to 3 As can be seen, the metal strip 22 has a grid structure 26 for separating the materials. The grid structure 26 is formed from a large number of hexagonal openings 28, which are introduced into the metal strip 22, as will be explained in more detail below.

Like in particular 3 As can be seen, in an inner section 30 of the metal strip 22, the openings 28 have a closed hexagonal contour, whereas the openings 28 in edge sections 32 of the metal strip 22 are open on the outside of the strip.

The first end cap 16 is made from a steel or a non-ferrous metal using a deep-drawing process and has a circular base 36 and an edge 38 surrounding the base 36.

Like in particular 2 As can be seen, the filter element 12 is inserted into the first end cap 16, so that the filter element 12 is closed at the first end 14. To attach the first end cap 16 to the filter element 12, the edge 38 can be materially connected to the filter element 12, for example soldered and/or welded.

The second end cap 20 is made from steel or a non-ferrous metal using a deep-drawing process and has an annular base 39, an edge 38 surrounding the base 39 and a border 40 which surrounds an opening 41 made in the base 39. The second end cap 20 is fastened analogously to the previously described fastening of the first end cap 16.

Substances to be separated can be introduced into the filter element 12 via the opening 41 of the second end cap 20, with the separated solid being deposited on the first end cap 16 and the other substance emerging from the filter 10 via the openings 28.

In an embodiment not shown, the end caps 16, 20 can be omitted from the filter 10 according to the first embodiment.

A possible manufacturing method of the filter element 12 is described below. In a first step, a metal band 22 designed as an endless band is provided. In a second step, slots are made in the metal strip 22 in a continuous roll cutting process. Here, slots are made in the metal strip 22 using a rotating cutting wheel. The metal strip 22 provided with the slots is then stretched by pulling the metal strip 22 in the longitudinal direction L and/or the metal strip 22 is rolled. As a result, the slots are expanded to form the openings 28.

The opening width of the openings 28 can be adjusted via the degree of stretching and/or rolling. The opening width of the openings 28 can be between 0.1 mm and 4 mm and a length of the openings 28 can be between 1 mm and almost the entire width B of the metal strip.

After the slots have been widened to form the openings 28, the metal strip 22 is cut to length and inserted into the 1 and 2 circular cylinder 24 shown is formed. Finally, the opposite free ends 42 of the metal strip 22 formed into the circular cylinder 24 are connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting and/or material-locking manner. For example, the free ends 42 can be crimped together and/or soldered and/or welded together. The end caps 16, 20 are then placed on the ends 14, 18 and connected to the metal strip 22 in a materially bonded manner as previously described.

Further embodiments for the filter 10 and the metal strip 22 are described below, the same reference numbers being used for the same or functionally identical parts.

In the 4 and 5 a second embodiment of the filter 10 is shown, which differs from the first embodiment in that the in 3 shown metal band 22 rotated by 90 ° is shaped to the circular cylinder 24. In addition, the opening 41 of the second end cap 20 has a larger diameter.

In an embodiment not shown, the end caps 16, 20 can be omitted from the filter 10 according to the second embodiment.

In the 6 to 9 a third embodiment of the filter 10 and a second embodiment of the metal strip 22 are shown.

The third embodiment of the filter 10 differs from the other embodiments by the metal band 22 according to the second embodiment.

The metal strip 22 according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the metal strip 22 is not smoothed, but has elevations 44 which are generated during rotary cutting. As a result, the metal strip 22 has a wave contour in cross section, as in 9 is visible. To expand the slots to the in the 6 to 8 In the hexagonal-shaped openings 28 shown, the slotted metal strip is rolled along webs 48 in this case. As a result, the elevations remain in the expanded state of the openings 28.

In an embodiment not shown, the end caps 16, 20 can be omitted from the filter 10 according to the third embodiment. In the 10 to 12 a filter 10 according to a fourth embodiment is shown with a metal band 22 according to a third embodiment.

The filter 10 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that it does not have end caps 16, 20.

The metal strip 22 according to the third embodiment differs from the other embodiments in the shape of the openings 28. In the present case, the openings 28 are designed as elongated holes 45. Furthermore, as in 12 As can be seen, the openings 28 arranged in the edge sections 32 have a closed contour. The openings 28, which are widened to form elongated holes 45, are, as described above, produced using a rotary cutting process and subsequent stretching and/or rolling.

In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the fourth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in FIGS 1 , 4 and 6 are shown.

In the 13 to 15 a filter 10 according to a fifth embodiment is shown with a metal band 22 according to a fourth embodiment.

The filter 10 according to the fifth embodiment differs from the other embodiments in that the filter element 12 is formed into a polygon-shaped cylinder 46, in particular a rectangular cylinder.

The metal band 22 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the metal band 22 according to the third embodiment in that the openings 28 designed as elongated holes 45 are longer in the band transverse direction Q, which is perpendicular to the band longitudinal direction L.

In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the fifth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in FIGS 1 , 4 and 6 are shown.

In the 16 to 21 a sixth embodiment of the filter 10 is shown with a metal band 22 according to a fifth embodiment.

The filter 10 according to the sixth embodiment differs from the filter 10 according to the fourth embodiment in particular in the use of the metal strip according to the fifth embodiment.

The metal strip 22 according to the fifth embodiment corresponds to the metal strip 22 of the third embodiment, wherein the metal strip 22 is not rolled smooth after slitting. As a result, the metal strip 22 has elevations 44 in the area of the openings 28. To widen the slots to form the openings 28, the metal strip is rolled along webs 48 which are formed between the slots.

In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the sixth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in FIGS 1 , 4 and 6 are shown.

In the 22 to 27 a seventh embodiment of the filter 10 is shown with a metal band 22 according to a sixth embodiment.

The filter 10 according to the seventh embodiment differs from the filter 10 according to the fifth embodiment in that the metal strip 22 is not smooth rolled, but rather has elevations 44 in the area of the openings 28.

In an embodiment not shown, the filter 10 of the sixth embodiment can be provided with end caps 16, 20 as shown in FIGS 1 , 4 and 6 are shown.

The filters 10 are characterized by their metal strips 22, which are produced using a rotary cutting process. This means that no waste is created during the production of the filters 10, and the degree of output in meters of strip length is high. In addition, production by means of rotary cutting reduces the energy used in comparison to other production methods, such as in comparison to punching the openings 28, so that the CO ₂ footprint of the filter 10 is reduced. The filters 10 therefore have an improved energy balance and reduced manufacturing costs.

Reference symbol list

10

filter

12

Filter element

14

first ending

16

first end cap

18

second ending

20

second end cap

22

metal band

24

circular cylinder

26

Grid structure

28

breakthrough

30

Interior section

32

Edge section

36

circular floor

38

edge

39

ring-shaped bottom

40

Border

41

opening

42

free ending

44

survey

45

Long hole

46

polygonal cylinder

48

web

b

Width

L

Belt longitudinal direction

Q

Belt transverse direction

Claims (10)

Filter (10) for separating substances, in particular for separating at least two substances and/or for separating at least one substance from at least one liquid, comprising at least one filter element (12) which has a metal band (22) provided with openings (28). , wherein the openings (28) are produced by means of rotary cutting and stretching and / or rolling stretching. Filter by Claim 1 , characterized in that the metal strip (22) is rolled smooth. Filter by Claim 1 , characterized in that the metal strip (22) has elevations (44) in the area of the openings (28). Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings have a hexagonal shape or the shape of an elongated hole (45). Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the openings (28) have an opening width between 0.1 mm and 4 mm. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an opening width of the openings (28) can be adjusted by the degree of stretching and/or the degree of rolling. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (22) is formed into a circular cylinder (24) or a polygon-shaped cylinder (46), free ends (42) of which are formed into a circular cylinder (24) or a polygon-shaped Cylinder (46) formed metal strip (22) are connected to one another in a form-fitting, force-fitting and/or material-locking manner. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (22) has a thickness (D) between 0.1 mm and 1 mm. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (10) consists of a hot strip or a cold strip. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal strip (10) is made of a metal coated or bright in all states with ductile properties, or a metal alloy all coated or bright in all states with ductile properties.

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