DE202022104057U1 - Electrical surge protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

Having an electrical overvoltage protection device (1).
• a housing for accommodating overvoltage protection devices,
• wherein the housing has first electrical connection means (6) for connection to parallel rails of an electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE),
• wherein the housing has second electrical connection means (7) for connection to parallel rails of an electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE), the number of second electrical connection means (7) being less than the number of first electrical connection means (6),
• wherein the first connecting means both establish an electrical connection and provide a mechanical fixation of the electrical overvoltage protection device on the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE),
• wherein the second connecting means only establish an electrical connection, but do not provide any mechanical fixation of the electrical overvoltage protection device on the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE),
• wherein the second connecting means (7) provide potentials of the contacted rails for tapping on the device,
• wherein the first connecting means (6) and the second connecting means (7) within the electrical overvoltage protection device (1) are insulated from one another.

Description

The invention relates to an electrical overvoltage protection device.

background

In every household there is a meter for the supply of electrical energy from the network of an energy supplier. This meter space is often integrated into a switch or fuse cabinet so that sub-distribution can be carried out from there.

Typically, there are also elements to protect the undersupply against overcurrents, e.g. due to short circuits, and/or overvoltage protection devices.

In particular, with the increase in electronic devices, there is a trend to protect these devices, which react sensitively to overvoltage.

Furthermore, it is necessary to replace the previous electromechanical counters with electronic counters, in particular due to the increasing number of feed-in points for solar and/or wind power plants, as well as the provision of powerful collection points for charging electric vehicles.

The electrical supply of an electrical meter, in particular a so-called SmartMeter, and/or other devices such as a router/modem (e.g. for the transmission of consumption and/or performance data) is tapped in the network connection room, i.e. before the meter.

There are also normative specifications in individual countries, such as Germany, e.g. VDE-AR-N 4100, published in April 2019.

At the same time, however, it should be noted that the space available, particularly in the mains-side connection area, is small, so that a secure connection while at the same time fulfilling narrow space requirements and easy installation is desirable.

From the state of the art are the German patent application DE 10 2019 112 674 A1 and the German utility models DE 20 2019 102 722 U1 and DE 2020 900 5584 U1 known. In this, an overvoltage protection device is provided in each case, which also provides a further pick-up of potentials through internal wiring. The device has contact clamps for simultaneous electrical and mechanical mounting on a rail system. However, the internal wiring increases the complexity.

Based on this, the application has set itself the goal of enabling the provision of the desired functionalities even under limited space conditions, with the installation preferably being designed to be simple.

The object is achieved by an electrical overvoltage protection device according to the independent claim. Advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

character list

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawing based on preferred embodiments.

• 1 schematisch eine vorderseitige Ansicht auf eine Anordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Überspannungsschutzgerätes auf Schienen eines elektrischen Verteilsystems,
• 2a und 2b schematisch Ausführungsformen einer Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung gemäß erfindungsgemäßer elektrischer Überspannungsschutzgeräte,
• 3a und 3b schematisch weitere Ausführungsformen einer Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung gemäß erfindungsgemäßer elektrischer Überspannungsschutzgeräte,
• 4 schematisch eine rückwärtige Ansicht auf eine Anordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Überspannungsschutzgerätes auf Schienen eines elektrischen Verteilsystems,
• 5 schematisch eine seitliche Schnittzeichnung zur Erläuterung eines Aspektes erfindungsgemäßer elektrischer Überspannungsschutzgeräte,
• 6 schematisch eine seitliche Schnittzeichnung zur Erläuterung eines weiteren Aspektes erfindungsgemäßer elektrischer Überspannungsschutzgeräte, und
• 7 schematisch eine beispielhafte Verschaltung von Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung gemäß erfindungsgemäßer elektrischer Überspannungsschutzgeräte.

Show it

• 1 schematically a front view of an arrangement of an electrical overvoltage protection device according to the invention on rails of an electrical distribution system,
• 2a and 2 B Schematic embodiments of an overvoltage protection device according to electrical overvoltage protection devices according to the invention,
• 3a and 3b schematically further embodiments of an overvoltage protection device according to electrical overvoltage protection devices according to the invention,
• 4 schematically a rear view of an arrangement of an electrical overvoltage protection device according to the invention on rails of an electrical distribution system,
• 5 schematically a side sectional drawing to explain an aspect of electrical overvoltage protection devices according to the invention,
• 6 schematically a side sectional drawing to explain a further aspect of electrical overvoltage protection devices according to the invention, and
• 7 schematically shows an exemplary wiring of overvoltage protection device according to electrical overvoltage protection devices according to the invention.

Detailed presentation of the invention with reference to the drawings

In the following the invention will be illustrated in more detail with reference to the figures.

It should be noted that different aspects are described, which can be used individually or in combination. That is, each aspect can be used with different embodiments of the invention, unless explicitly presented as purely alternative.

Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, only one entity will generally be referred to below. Unless explicitly noted, however, the invention can also have several of the entities concerned. In this respect, the use of the words “a”, “an” and “an” is only to be understood as an indication that at least one entity is used in a simple embodiment.

Insofar as methods are described below, the individual steps of a method can be arranged and/or combined in any order, unless something different is explicitly stated in the context. Furthermore, the processes can be combined with one another, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Specifications with numerical values are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of +/- 1% to +/- 10%.

References to standards or specifications or norms are to be understood as a reference to standards or specifications or norms which are/were applicable at the time of filing and/or - insofar as priority is claimed - also at the time of priority filing. However, this is not to be understood as a general exclusion of applicability to subsequent or superseding standards or specifications or norms.

In different embodiments of the invention, an electrical overvoltage protection device 1 has a housing for accommodating overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 . . . ÜSE4.

The number and design of the overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4 can vary in number and design depending on the network to be protected.

Likewise, some or even all of the overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4 can be provided both integrated and pluggable.

Replaceable overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4 offer the advantage of being able to be easily replaced during operation in the event of a failure or imminent failure.

The exact arrangement of the overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4 is left to the specialist and can be based on ergonomic considerations as well as on technical considerations.

The overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4 are often arranged next to each other and centrally.

Overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4, for example, which have varistors, are often designed to be replaceable, while overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4, which have no varistors but, for example, only a spark gap FS, are more integrated.

An example is in the 2a an overvoltage protection device ÜSE1 ... ÜSE3 shown, which has varistors Z. As a rule, these are provided with a thermal break point TS. Likewise, these often also have an optional spark gap FS. In individual areas, for example in the precount area, the use of spark gaps FS can also be prescribed by standards. In particular for the pre-counter area, but not limited to this, it can be advantageous to install an overvoltage protection device ÜSE1 ... ÜSE3 according to 2 B to use. This has, for example, a spark gap FS with an auxiliary electrode and an ignition circuit. The ignition circuit can, for example, have a gas arrester GDT and a varistor Z as well as a thermal separation point TS in series.

Another example is in 3a an overvoltage protection device ÜSE4 is shown, which has no varistors Z, but only a spark gap FS. In particular for the pre-counter area, but not limited to this, it can be advantageous to use an overvoltage protection device ÜSE4 according to FIG 3b to use. This has, for example, a spark gap FS with an auxiliary electrode and an ignition circuit. The ignition circuit can have a gas arrester GDT and also a parallel capacitor C, for example.

Without restricting the generality, elements for monitoring can also be attached to the respective overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4 ment of the state as well as means for local and remote status display can be provided.

In different embodiments of the invention, the housing has first electrical connection means 6 for connection to parallel bars of an electrical distribution system N, L1, L2, L3, PE, which are symbolically shown in 5 are shown. Again, it should be noted that the number of rails may vary depending on the system used in the network to be protected. As a rule, the rails have a uniform width. Likewise, the rails generally have a uniform thickness. Typically meter locations have 12mm x 5mm busbars spaced 40mm apart. In systems with higher rated currents, the busbars can also have other thicknesses, eg 12 mm x 10 mm.

In different embodiments of the invention, the housing - as shown in the 1 and 4 apparent - a cut back on. In contrast to a recess, which has a projection and a recess, a recess is such that the housing width B is reduced by a length b up to the edge, ie over a length d. The housing width B can be specified by standards such as DIN 43 880 from December 1988. The cut-back, which can also be located in the area of the PE protective conductor in particular, enables ergonomic handling during installation and removal.

In different embodiments of the invention, the cutback extends over several rails of the electrical distribution system. The length of the cut back can be e.g. 2 or more splints. For example, the cut-back can be designed in such a way that at least one electrical connection element A can be mounted in an essentially form-fitting manner with a catch R that is offset laterally in the axial direction of a rail. Such a passive electrical connection element A creates, for example, a wire connection between the rails of the electrical distribution system and is often also referred to as a feed adapter.

In different embodiments of the invention, the housing - see 6 - second electrical connection means 7 for connection to parallel rails of an electrical distribution system N, L1, L2, L3, PE, the number of second electrical connection means 7 being less than the number of first electrical connection means 6.

For example, it can be provided that only two or three second electrical connection means 7 are provided, e.g. for a neutral conductor N, one of the phases L1, L2, L3 and possibly a protective conductor PE.

In different embodiments of the invention - see 5 - the first connecting means 6 provide both an electrical connection and a mechanical fixation of the electrical overvoltage protection device on the electrical distribution system N, L1, L2, L3, PE). For this purpose, the first connecting means 6 can be designed in the shape of a tulip, so that simple insertion is possible and, with a sufficient insertion depth, metal tongues flexibly clasp the rail. This also enables easy disassembly. The tulip-like design can be designed in such a way that it also provides secure contact and secure mounting on different rail thicknesses (eg 5 mm/10 mm). The internal interconnection S is only an example in 7 implied.

In different embodiments of the invention, second connecting means 7 only provide an electrical connection but no mechanical fixation of the electrical overvoltage protection device on the electrical distribution system N, L1, L2, L3, PE.

In different embodiments of the invention, the second connecting means 7 provide potentials of the contacted rails for tapping on the device. For example, the second connecting means 7 are only resilient. This can be realized, for example, by direct contact springs or by spring-loaded contact pins.

In different embodiments of the invention, the first connecting means 6 and the second connecting means 7 - as in FIGS 5 and 6 shown - within the electrical overvoltage protection device 1 isolated from each other.

In different embodiments of the invention, third connection means M1, M2, M3 for connecting an external measurement and/or control device are provided on the side facing away from the electrical distribution system N, L1, L2, L3, PE. The number of third connection means can be based on the requirements, so that it can be sufficient, for example, to provide only two connections M1, M2 for the neutral conductor N and for one of the phases L1, L2, L3.

The third connection means M1, M2, M3 can be configured differently, e.g. as a push-in contact, screw contact, clamp contact, etc.

In different embodiments of the invention, the electrical overvoltage protection device 1 also has an overcurrent protection device F, which protects one of the potentials made available at the third connection means M1, M2, M3.

In different embodiments of the invention, the overcurrent protection device F can be plugged in and replaced.

In different embodiments of the invention, the electrical overvoltage protection device 1 also has a number of overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1, ÜSE2, ÜSE3, ÜSE4 for protection against overvoltages.

In different embodiments of the invention, the multiple overvoltage protection devices ÜSE1, ÜSE2, ÜSE3, ÜSE4 can be plugged in and replaced.

In different embodiments of the invention, the electrical overvoltage protection device 1 also has a connection for contacting a protective potential APE on the side facing away from the electrical distribution system N, L1, L2, L3, PE.

In different embodiments of the invention, the electrical overvoltage protection device 1 also has one or more connections for a telecommunications device FM, with which the status of overvoltage protection devices can be signaled. This can, for example, be arranged separately from the third connecting means M1, M2, M3 both spatially and in terms of color. Typically, such connections will tend to be arranged at the upper edge of an electrical overvoltage protection device 1 .

The internal interconnection S is based on the type of network to be protected and is only shown as an example in 7 shown for one type of network. Other internal connections S are not ruled out as a result, but are immediately apparent to a person skilled in the art.

Reference List

1

Electrical surge protection device

6

first electrical connection means

N, L1, L2, L3, PE

Rails of an electrical distribution system

A

electrical connection element

R

latching

7

second means of connection

M1, M2, M3

third means of connection

f

overcurrent protection device

ÜSE1 ... ÜSE4

surge protection devices

APE

Connection for contacting a protective potential

FS

spark gap

Z

varistor

TS

thermal separation point

FM

telecommunications equipment

GDT

gas arrestor

C

capacitor

S

internal interconnection

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102019112674 A1 [0009]
• DE 202019102722 U1 [0009]
• DE 20209005584 U1 [0009]

Claims (9)

Having an electrical overvoltage protection device (1). • a housing for accommodating overvoltage protection devices, • wherein the housing has first electrical connection means (6) for connection to parallel rails of an electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE), • wherein the housing has second electrical connection means (7) for connection to parallel rails of an electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE), the number of second electrical connection means (7) being less than the number of first electrical connection means (6), • wherein the first connecting means both establish an electrical connection and provide a mechanical fixation of the electrical overvoltage protection device on the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE), • wherein the second connection means only establish an electrical connection, but do not provide any mechanical fixation of the electrical overvoltage protection device on the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE), • wherein the second connecting means (7) provide potentials of the contacted rails for tapping on the device, • wherein the first connecting means (6) and the second connecting means (7) within the electrical overvoltage protection device (1) are insulated from one another. Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that third connecting means (M1, M2) for connecting an external measuring and/or control device are provided on the side facing away from the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE). Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that on the side facing away from the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE) third connection means (M1, M2) are provided for connecting an external measuring and/or control device, the electrical overvoltage protection device (1) furthermore has an overcurrent protection device (F), which protects one of the potentials made available at the third connection means. Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to claim 3 , characterized in that the overcurrent protection device (F) is pluggable and replaceable. Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical overvoltage protection device (1) also has a number of overvoltage protection devices (ÜSE1, ÜSE2, ÜSE3, ÜSE4) for protection against overvoltages. Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to claim 5 , characterized in that the multiple overvoltage protection devices (ÜSE1, ÜSE2, ÜSE3, ÜSE4) are pluggable and interchangeable. Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical overvoltage protection device (1) also has a connection for contacting a protective potential (APE) on the side facing away from the electrical distribution system (N, L1, L2, L3, PE). . Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical overvoltage protection device (1) also has a connection for a telecommunications device with which the status of overvoltage protection devices can be signaled. Electrical overvoltage protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing has a cut-back, the cut-back extending over a plurality of rails of the electrical distribution system, so that an electrical connection element (A) with a latch (R ) can be fitted in a form-fitting manner.

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