DE202022100566U1 - piston pump - Google Patents

Abstract

Piston pump (1) with a hollow cylinder (5) forming a piston housing and a piston which can be displaced in the axial direction in the hollow cylinder (5), characterized in that the piston has a hollow piston cylinder (8) which has an outlet opening on an upper side and which on its has a first mechanical blocking element at the lower end, that the hollow cylinder (5) has a base (6) with a second mechanical blocking element integrated therein, via which a transport fluid can be introduced into a pressure chamber (19) of the hollow cylinder (5) or discharged from it, wherein the first mechanical blocking element borders on the pressure chamber (19), and that a pneumatic or hydraulic drive is provided, by means of which opening and closing movements can be specified in order to convey the transport fluid (B) through the piston hollow cylinder (8).

Description

The invention relates to a piston pump.

Piston pumps of this type are generally used for pumping a transport fluid, with the transport fluid being formed in particular from water.

Such piston pumps can generally be used for pumping water. Another application is the use in groundwater circulation systems. In such systems, groundwater may be pumped from earthen zone layers and then fed to purification systems which may be located above ground. It is also possible to return the cleaned groundwater to the ground.

From the DE 10 2011 100 712 B4 is a pressure-suction cylinder pump consisting of a piston tube, a cylinder tube and a jacket tube. In this case, three tubes are arranged concentrically to one another, with the piston tube being kept at a distance from the cylinder tube via a piston tube seal and a piston seal, and the cylinder tube being centrally spaced from the jacket tube by packers. A plurality of pressure flow passage openings are provided on the circumference of the piston tube, and a flap valve is attached to the end face of the piston pipe, or a plurality of flap valves are attached to the circumference of the piston pipe. A flap valve is attached to the cylinder tube and several flap valves are attached to the circumference.

The invention is based on the object of providing a piston pump which, with a simple structure, has a high level of functionality.

To solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are provided. Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The invention relates to a piston pump with a hollow cylinder forming a piston housing and a piston which can be displaced in the axial direction in the hollow cylinder. The piston has a piston hollow cylinder which has an outlet opening on an upper side and which has a first mechanical locking element on its lower end. The hollow cylinder has a base with a second mechanical blocking element integrated therein, via which a transport fluid can be introduced into a pressure chamber of the hollow cylinder or discharged from it. The first mechanical blocking element borders on the pressure chamber. A pneumatic or hydraulic drive is provided, by means of which opening and closing movements can be specified in order to convey the transport fluid through the hollow piston cylinder.

The piston pump according to the invention can be used flexibly for pumping different transport fluids, which in principle can also be formed by gases. The piston pump according to the invention is advantageously used for pumping liquids, which can have different viscosities.

The piston pump according to the invention is used particularly advantageously for pumping water. In particular, the piston pump can be used to pump groundwater, in which case the piston pump can be part of a groundwater circulation system that can be used to clean groundwater.

An essential advantage of the piston pump according to the invention is that the pumping processes can take place without generating large pressure differences. This can reduce precipitation when used in groundwater circulation systems.

Another advantage of the piston pump according to the invention is its simple and robust construction. As mechanical components, the piston pump only has a hollow cylinder forming a piston housing and a piston in the form of a hollow piston cylinder that can be displaced in the axial direction and has an outlet opening on the top for introducing or discharging transport fluid and a first mechanical blocking element on the lower edge. A second mechanical locking element is located in the bottom of the hollow cylinder.

The opening and closing movements are given by the pneumatic or hydraulic drive, the operation of which is advantageously controlled by a control unit. As a result, the operation of the piston pump can be specified and controlled flexibly.

The operation of the piston pump is reversible, in that, depending on the operating mode, which is specified with the control unit, transport fluid is conveyed up or down in the hollow piston cylinder.

When used in a groundwater circulation system, groundwater can thus be conveyed upwards from a groundwater reservoir via the hollow piston cylinder in order to purify it. Cleaned groundwater can also be returned to the groundwater reservoir.

The functioning of the piston pump according to the invention is generally such that working fluid of the pneumatic or hydraulic drive can be supplied to different chambers of the mechanical unit of the piston pump, whereby pressure differences are generated within different chambers, which lead to opening or closing movements of the mechanical blocking elements, whereby the Pumping processes can be specified exactly.

According to a structurally advantageous embodiment of the piston pump, the hollow cylinder is divided by a partition into an upper and lower space, with a working fluid of the pneumatic or hydraulic drive being able to be introduced only in the upper space.

If a pneumatic drive is provided, the working fluid consists of compressed air. If a hydraulic drive is provided, the working fluid is a hydraulic fluid.

The piston pump is also advantageously designed in such a way that the piston has two piston plungers which are fastened on the outside of the hollow piston cylinder and adjoin the inner wall of the hollow cylinder and can be displaced with respect to it.

An upper piston piston is advantageous, which is arranged in the upper spatial area of the hollow cylinder, as a result of which it is divided into an upper and lower working chamber.

An inlet for the working chamber is provided in the wall of the hollow cylinder both in the area of the upper working chamber and in the area of the lower working chamber.

Depending on the introduction or discharge of the working fluid in a working chamber, the opening or closing processes of the mechanical locking elements can be specified. The mechanical blocking elements are advantageously designed in the form of flaps. In principle, movably mounted balls can also be provided as mechanical blocking elements.

A lower piston plunger is also advantageously arranged in the lower spatial area of the hollow cylinder and divides it into the pressure chamber and another chamber.

The lower piston plunger is arranged at the lower edge of the piston hollow cylinder.

Furthermore, openings are provided above the lower piston ram in the wall of the hollow piston cylinder, which connect the chamber to the interior of the hollow piston cylinder.

The pressure chamber is coupled via a second mechanical blocking element to a reservoir with transport fluid, in particular to groundwater in a ground area.

Depending on the control of the pneumatic or hydraulic drive and by correspondingly supplying or removing working fluid to or from the working chambers, pumping processes can be controlled in such a way that transport fluid, such as water, in particular groundwater, is fed to the pressure chamber and then conveyed upwards via the piston hollow cylinder and is discharged via the upper opening of the piston hollow cylinder, for example to clean the groundwater in cleaning systems arranged above ground.

A reverse pumping process can also be implemented, in which the transport fluid is introduced into the hollow piston cylinder via the upper opening of the hollow cylinder, fed to the pressure chamber and discharged from there when the second mechanical blocking element is open.

In both pumping processes, the further chamber can be used as an intermediate store, transport fluid being supplied to or discharged from this further chamber via the openings in the wall.

According to a structurally advantageous embodiment, the partition runs in a plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder.

The partition wall has a central bore in which the hollow piston cylinder is guided in a displaceable manner.

Here, the interface between the piston hollow cylinder and the edge of the bore is sealed.

This seal decouples the lower and upper spatial area of the hollow cylinder in a gas-tight and liquid-tight manner.

The boundary surfaces between the piston plungers and the inner wall of the hollow cylinder are also advantageously sealed.

The working chambers with the upper piston piston and the pressure chamber and the further chamber with the lower piston piston are thus also decoupled in a gas-tight and liquid-tight manner.

In order to pump transport fluid upwards from a reservoir by means of the piston pump according to the invention, a pumping process with a trigger phase is advantageously initiated, in which working fluid is introduced into the lower working chamber. As a result, the piston hollow cylinder rises and a negative pressure is generated in the pressure chamber, as a result of which the second mechanical blocking element in the bottom of the hollow cylinder is opened and transport fluid flows into it.

Then, in a second phase following the trigger phase, working fluid is discharged from the lower working chamber and introduced into the upper working chamber, causing the piston hollow cylinder to move downwards.

As a result of an increase in pressure in the pressure chamber caused by the downward movement of the hollow piston cylinder, the second mechanical blocking element is closed and the first mechanical blocking element in the hollow piston cylinder is opened. Through the open first mechanical blocking element, transport fluid reaches the openings in the wall of the piston hollow cylinder in the further chamber.

Then, during a third phase following the second phase, the hollow piston cylinder is moved upwards by introducing working fluid into the lower working chamber, the first mechanical locking element on the hollow piston cylinder being closed.

On the one hand, the pressure in the further chamber is increased by the upward movement of the piston hollow cylinder. Transport liquid flows into the hollow piston cylinder via the openings in the wall of the hollow piston cylinder and is conveyed upwards in the latter in the direction of the opening on the upper side of the hollow piston cylinder.

Thus, transport fluid is pumped upwards over the hollow piston cylinder and discharged through its upper opening.

On the other hand, the pressure in the pressure chamber is reduced by the upward movement of the piston hollow cylinder, whereby the second mechanical blocking element in the bottom of the hollow cylinder is opened, so that transport fluid flows into the pressure chamber via the opened second mechanical blocking element.

This again connects transport fluid in the pressure chamber for the next pump cycle. For this next pumping process, the same pumping chambers take place again as for the first pumping process.

• 1: Blechschaltbild der erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenpumpe.
• 2 bis 5: Darstellung der Mechanikeinheit der Kolbenpumpe gemäß 1 für unterschiedliche Phasen eines Pumpvorgangs zum Pumpen von Transportfluid in einer ersten Fördereinrichtung.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• 1 : Sheet metal circuit diagram of the piston pump according to the invention.
• 2 until 5 : Representation of the mechanical unit of the piston pump according to 1 for different phases of a pumping process for pumping transport fluid in a first delivery device.

1 shows a block diagram of the piston pump 1 according to the invention. The piston pump 1 has a mechanical unit 2 and an associated pneumatic drive 3 . A hydraulic drive can be provided instead of a pneumatic drive. The pneumatic drive is controlled with a control unit 4, which can be formed by a microprocessor system, a PLC control or the like.

The pneumatic drive can be a pneumatic cylinder with a ram that can be moved therein and that is driven by a mechanical drive. Accordingly, the hydraulic drive can have a hydraulic cylinder whose movable ram is driven by a mechanical drive. The mechanical drive can have a connecting rod, which in particular can also be moved with an electric motor.

The in the 2 until 5 The illustrated mechanical units 2 of the piston pump 1 has a piston housing in the form of a hollow cylinder 5 which is closed off on the underside with a bottom 6 and on the top with a cover 7 .

A piston with a piston hollow cylinder 8 is guided in the hollow cylinder 5 . The piston hollow cylinder 8 runs in the axial direction of the hollow cylinder 5 , the longitudinal axis of the piston hollow cylinder 8 coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder 5 . The upper end of the piston hollow cylinder 8 projects beyond the top of the hollow cylinder 5 . The piston hollow cylinder 8 is mounted in the hollow cylinder 5 so that it can be displaced in the axial direction. Here, the piston hollow cylinder 8 is mounted in a hole in the cover 7 of the hollow cylinder 5 . The boundary surface between the hollow piston cylinder 8 and the edge of the bore is sealed in a gas-tight and liquid-tight manner.

The upper side of the hollow piston cylinder 8 is open and forms an outlet opening 9, via which a transport fluid to be conveyed can be discharged from the hollow piston cylinder 8 or introduced into it. The transport fluid is in the 2 until 5 marked with B.

The underside of the hollow piston cylinder 8 is closed by means of a first mechanical blocking element in the form of a flap 11 . This can be switched between an open position ( 4 ) and a closed position ( 2 , 3 , 5 ) can be moved.

In the bottom 6 of the hollow cylinder 5 there is a second mechanical blocking element in the form of a flap 11. This flap 11 can also be switched between an open position ( 2 , 3 , 5 ) and a closed position ( 4 ) can be moved.

The interior of the hollow cylinder 5 is divided by a partition 12 into an upper and lower spatial area. The partition 12 is oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder 5 and is attached to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 5 . The partition wall 12 has a central bore in which the hollow piston cylinder 8 is slidably mounted. The boundary surface between the hollow piston cylinder 8 and the edge of the bore is sealed in a gas-tight and liquid-tight manner.

The piston also has two identically designed piston plungers 13, 14 which are fastened in the outer wall of the piston hollow cylinder 8 and can therefore be displaced with it. Both piston plungers 13 , 14 are designed in the shape of circular disks and each extend in a plane oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axes of the hollow piston cylinder 8 . The outer edge surfaces of the piston plungers 13, 14 lie tightly against the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 5 and form gas-tight and liquid-tight sealed boundary surfaces with it.

The upper piston ram 13 divides the upper spatial area of the hollow cylinder 5 into an upper working chamber 15 and a lower working chamber 16. The sizes of the working chambers 15, 16 vary according to the positions of the upper piston ram 13. The upper working chamber 15 has a first inlet 17 in the Wall of the hollow cylinder 5 on. The lower working chamber has a second inlet 18 in the wall of the hollow cylinder 5 . A working fluid A can be supplied to or discharged from the respective working chamber 15, 16 by the pneumatic drive via the inlets 17, 18. In the case of the pneumatic drive, the working fluid A consists of compressed air. In the case of a working fluid, the working fluid A is a hydraulic fluid.

The lower piston plunger 14 is located at the lower edge of the piston hollow cylinder 8 and divides the lower spatial area of the hollow cylinder 5 into a pressure chamber 19 and a further chamber 20 arranged above the pressure chamber 19. The sizes of the pressure chamber 19 and the further chamber 20 vary according to the position of the lower plunger 14.

Openings 21 are worked into the wall of the hollow piston cylinder 8 just above the lower piston plunger 14 , which establish a connection between the further chamber 20 and the interior of the hollow piston cylinder 8 .

In the 2 until 5 different phases of a pumping process with the piston pump 1 according to the invention are shown, in which water, in particular groundwater, is pumped from the ground up to the surface of the earth as the transport fluid B, in order to then supply the water there, not shown, to cleaning systems.

2 shows a first phase of the pumping process, which forms a trigger phase. Before the start of the trigger phase, the flaps 10, 11 are still closed.

The trigger phase is initiated by introducing working fluid A into the lower working chamber 16 by means of the pneumatic drive via the inlet 18 .

Due to the overpressure generated in the lower working chamber 16 by means of the introduced working fluid A, the upper piston plunger 13 rises, ie the piston hollow cylinder 8 is moved upwards. As a result, a negative pressure is generated in the pressure chamber 19 and the flap 11 in the base 6 of the hollow cylinder 5, ie in the base region of the pressure chamber 19, is opened. As a result, water, ie transport fluid B, flows into the pressure chamber 19, as indicated by the arrow I in 2 illustrated.

After this trigger phase, a reversal phase ( 3 ) initiated. For this purpose, working fluid A is discharged from the lower working chamber 16 by means of the pneumatic drive and working fluid A is fed to the upper working chamber 15, as indicated by the arrow II in 3 illustrated.

As a result, the movement of the piston hollow cylinder 8 with the piston plunger 13, 14 is reversed, ie it moves downwards, as indicated by the arrow III in FIG 3 illustrated.

4 shows the subsequent phase. The upper working chamber 15 is now filled with working fluid A, the hollow piston cylinder 8 with the piston plunger 13, 14 moves downwards. This downward movement increases the pressure in the pressure chamber 19 into which the transport fluid B has flowed. This closes the flap 11 in the bottom 6 of the hollow cylinder 5.

In contrast, the flap 10 opens at the lower edge of the hollow piston cylinder 8 due to the overpressure in the pressure chamber 19. Transport fluid flows through the opened flap 10 into the hollow piston cylinder 8 and through the openings 21 in the wall of the hollow piston cylinder 8 into the further chamber 20. How 4 As a result, the further chamber 20 is completely filled with transport fluid B as shown in FIG.

In the following phase ( 5 ) the working fluid A is discharged from the upper working chamber 15 and fed to the lower working chamber 16 by means of the pneumatic drive. Due to the overpressure thus generated in the lower working chamber 16, the hollow piston cylinder 8 with the piston plungers 13, 14 now moves upwards. As a result, the flap 10 at the lower edge of the piston hollow cylinder 8 is closed. During the movement of the hollow piston cylinder 8, transport fluid B flows from the further chamber 20 via the openings 21 into the hollow piston cylinder 8. The transport fluid is conveyed upwards in the hollow piston cylinder 8 and then exits at the outlet opening 9 on the upper side of the hollow piston cylinder 8 (arrow IV in 4 ).

Due to the upward movement of the piston hollow cylinder 8 with the piston plungers 13, 14, the pressure in the pressure chamber 19 is reduced. The flap 11 in the bottom 6 of the hollow cylinder 5 and transport fluid, i.e. water can flow into the pressure chamber 19 from the outside due to the negative pressure.

Now a new pumping process according to the 3 until 5 phases shown are started.

Reference List

(1)

piston pump

(2)

mechanical unit

(3)

pneumatic drive

(4)

control unit

(5)

hollow cylinder

(6)

Floor

(7)

Lid

(8th)

piston hollow cylinder

(9)

exhaust port

(10)

flap

(11)

flap

(12)

partition wall

(13)

piston stamp

(14)

piston stamp

(15)

working chamber

(16)

working chamber

(17)

inlet

(18)

inlet

(19)

pressure chamber

(20)

chamber

(21)

opening

(a)

working fluid

(b)

working fluid

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102011100712 B4 [0004]

Claims (22)

Piston pump (1) with a hollow cylinder (5) forming a piston housing and a piston which can be displaced in the axial direction in the hollow cylinder (5), characterized in that the piston has a hollow piston cylinder (8) which has an outlet opening on an upper side and which on its has a first mechanical blocking element at the lower end, that the hollow cylinder (5) has a base (6) with a second mechanical blocking element integrated therein, via which a transport fluid can be introduced into a pressure chamber (19) of the hollow cylinder (5) or discharged from it, wherein the first mechanical blocking element borders on the pressure chamber (19), and that a pneumatic or hydraulic drive is provided, by means of which opening and closing movements can be specified in order to convey the transport fluid (B) through the piston hollow cylinder (8). Piston pump (1) after claim 1 , characterized in that the pneumatic or hydraulic drive is controlled by a control unit (4). Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the hollow cylinder (5) is divided by a dividing wall (12) into an upper and lower spatial area, with a working fluid (A) of the pneumatic or hydraulic drive being able to be introduced only into the upper spatial area. Piston pump (1) after claim 3 , characterized in that the piston has two piston pistons (13, 14) fastened to the outside of the piston hollow cylinder (18), which adjoin the inside wall of the hollow cylinder (5) and are displaceable with respect to it. Piston pump (1) after claim 4 , characterized in that an upper piston plunger (13) is arranged in the upper spatial area of the hollow cylinder (5) and divides it into an upper and lower working chamber (15, 16). Piston pump (1) after claim 5 , characterized in that an inlet (17, 18) for the respective working chamber (15, 16) is provided in the wall of the hollow cylinder (5) both in the area of the upper working chamber (15) and in the area of the lower working chamber (16). . Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 4 until 6 , characterized in that a lower piston plunger (14) is arranged in the lower spatial area of the hollow cylinder (5) and divides it into the pressure chamber (19) and a further chamber (20). Piston pump (1) after claim 7 , characterized in that the lower piston plunger (14) is arranged on the lower edge of the piston hollow cylinder (18). Piston pump (1) after claim 8 , characterized in that openings (21) are provided above the lower piston plunger (13, 14) in the wall of the hollow piston cylinder (18), which connect the chamber (20) to the interior of the hollow piston cylinder (18). Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that the mechanical locking elements are each formed by a flap 10, 11, each flap 10, 11 being movable between a closed position and an open position. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 3 until 10 , characterized in that the partition (12) runs in a plane oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hollow cylinder (5). Piston pump (1) after claim 11 , characterized in that the partition wall (12) has a central bore in which the piston hollow cylinder (8) is guided displaceably. Piston pump (1) after claim 12 , characterized in that the interface between the piston hollow cylinder (8) and the edge of the bore is sealed. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 4 until 13 , characterized in that the interfaces between the piston plungers (13, 14) and the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (5) are sealed. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 until 14 , characterized in that the transport fluid is water, in particular groundwater. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 3 until 15 , characterized in that the working fluid (A, B) is air or a hydraulic fluid. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 10 until 16 , characterized in that a pumping process is initiated with a trigger phase, in which working fluid (A) is introduced into the lower working chamber (16), as a result of which the piston hollow cylinder (8) rises and a negative pressure is thereby generated in the pressure chamber (19), as a result the second mechanical blocking element in the bottom (6) of the hollow cylinder (5) is opened and transport fluid flows into it. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 10 until 16 , characterized in that in a second phase following the trigger phase, working fluid (A) is discharged from the lower working chamber (16) and introduced into the upper working chamber (15), causing the piston hollow cylinder (8) to move downwards. Piston pump (1) after Claim 18 , characterized in that as a result of a pressure increase in the pressure chamber (19) caused by the downward movement of the hollow piston cylinder (8), the second mechanical blocking element is closed and the first mechanical blocking element in the hollow piston cylinder (8) is opened, with transport fluid flowing through the opened first mechanical Blocking element and the openings (21) in the wall of the piston hollow cylinder (8) in the other chamber (20). Piston pump (1) after claim 19 , characterized in that during a third phase following the second phase, the piston hollow cylinder (8) is moved upwards by introducing working fluid (A) into the lower working chamber (15, 16), the first mechanical locking element on the piston hollow cylinder (8) is closed. Piston pump (1) after claim 20 , characterized in that the upward movement of the hollow piston cylinder (8) increases the pressure in the further chamber (20), as a result of which transport fluid (B) flows via the openings (21) into the hollow piston cylinder (8) and in this also upwards in the direction the outlet opening to the top of the piston hollow cylinder (8). Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 20 and 21 , characterized in that the upward movement of the piston hollow cylinder (8) reduces the pressure in the pressure chamber (19), as a result of which the second mechanical blocking element in the base (6) of the hollow cylinder (5) is opened, so that transport fluid can flow via the opened second mechanical Blocking element flows into the pressure chamber (19).

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