DE202022002921U1 - Composite pane with functional film with opaque print - Google Patents

Abstract

Composite pane (1) comprising at least - an outer pane (2), - a first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), - a functional film (4), - a second thermoplastic intermediate layer (5), and - an inner pane (6), the functional film ( 4) has a rectangular cross section and is arranged between the outer pane (2) and the inner pane (6), the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) has a rectangular cross section and is arranged between the outer pane (2) and the functional film (4), which second thermoplastic intermediate layer (5) has a rectangular cross section and is arranged between the functional film (4) and the inner pane (6), and wherein the functional film (4) has a printed opaque layer (7) in at least one area.

Description

The invention relates to a composite pane comprising a functional film with an opaque print.

Composite windows are now used in many places, especially in vehicle construction. The term vehicle includes, among other things, road vehicles, aircraft, ships, agricultural machinery and work equipment.

Composite panes are also used in other areas. These include, for example, building glazing or information displays, e.g. in museums or as advertising displays.

A composite pane generally has two panes that are laminated to an intermediate layer. The disks themselves can have a curvature and are usually of constant thickness. The intermediate layer generally has a thermoplastic material, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), with a predetermined thickness, for example 0.76 mm.

In order to provide the composite pane with functional properties, a functional film can be laminated into the composite pane.

Windshields in particular are often equipped with so-called head-up displays (HUDs). Using a projector, typically in the dashboard area, images are projected onto the windshield, reflected there and perceived by the driver as a virtual image (seen from him) behind the windshield. Important information can be projected into the driver's field of vision, such as the current driving speed, navigation or warning information, which the driver can perceive without having to take his eyes off the road. Head-up displays can make a significant contribution to increasing road safety.

The DE 10 2014 220 189 A1 discloses a HUD projection arrangement that is operated with p-polarized radiation to generate a HUD image. Since the angle of incidence is typically close to the Brewster angle and p-polarized radiation is therefore only reflected to a small extent by the glass surfaces, the windshield has a reflective structure that can reflect p-polarized radiation in the direction of the driver. The proposed reflective structure is a single metallic layer with a thickness of 5 nm to 9 nm, for example made of silver or aluminum, which is applied to the outside of the inner pane facing away from the interior of the car.

In the US 2004/0135742 A1 Also disclosed is a HUD projection assembly that operates on p-polarized radiation to produce a HUD image and has a reflective structure capable of reflecting p-polarized radiation toward the driver. As a reflective structure, the in the US 5,882,774 A disclosed multilayer polymer layers proposed.

Both head-up displays and other display applications or functional elements with electrically switchable optical properties are often used in the form of functional films. This has the advantage that the functional film can be easily inserted into the layer stack when laminating a composite pane and can be prefabricated independently of the production of the composite pane. Functional films are generally based on one or more polymeric carrier films on or between which functional layers are applied. During lamination, these polymeric carrier films are bonded to the panes of the composite pane via thermoplastic composite films.

From the WO 2014/174308 A1 a composite pane is known which has a darkening band in the form of a cover print. The blackout band extends in the peripheral area (i.e. in the surrounding outer edge area) of the pane and is made from an opaque ceramic ink which is applied to the pane. The covering pressure covers in particular the top view of any adhesive bead or sections of a frame, such as the body of a vehicle, when the composite pane is arranged in a vehicle or in building glazing. Furthermore, the covering print covers or conceals coating-free sections or coating-free edge areas, in particular the sun protection coating. The ceramic ink is burned onto the surface at higher temperatures (usually at 450°C to 700°C, for example when bending the glass pane) and forms a glass-like coating (or an enamel). However, this form of applying the masking pressure to a glass pane is difficult or not possible with surface-coated glasses. In addition to adhesion problems in the composite pane, undesirable discoloration or defects in the masking print or in the coatings can occur. Furthermore, the production of the composite pane involves increased effort and thus increased costs.

Burning the ceramic ink at higher temperatures (usually at 450°C to 700°C, for example when bending the glass pane) can also lead to optical distortions in the edges dangerous areas and in the area of sensor windows.

The present invention is based on the object of providing an improved composite pane with a functional film and a blackout tape.

The object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a composite pane according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The composite pane according to the invention comprises an outer pane, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer, a functional film, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer and an inner pane. The functional film is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane. The first thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the functional film and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the functional film and the inner pane.

According to the invention, the functional film has a printed opaque layer in at least one area.

The printed opaque layer can also be referred to as an opaque print. Such opaque layers are well known to those skilled in the art, for example from US9623634 B2 , WO2018/122770 A1 , WO2019/038043 A1 , EP 1 322 482 B2 , US2014212639 A1 . The opaque layer differs from a usual masking print, which is printed onto a surface of the glass panes (for example by screen printing) and baked at high temperatures in one process step.

The usual covering pressure is usually burned into the pane during the bending process, which can lead to optical distortions in peripheral areas and in the area of sensor windows. An opaque layer printed on the functional film offers the advantage over a covering print applied to the outer pane or the inner pane that the appearance of the composite pane is improved in edge areas and in the area of sensor windows.

The opaque layer according to the invention is essentially completely non-transparent to visible light. The opaque layer preferably has a transmission T<0.2 and in particular T<0.1.

The opaque layer according to the invention is preferably black, but can also be any other color.

The opaque layer preferably contains color pigments or dyes, particularly preferably inorganic or organic color pigments or dyes, in particular selected from the group consisting of carbon black (called carbon black or carbon black), iron oxide pigments and mixed-phase oxide pigments. The mixed phase oxide pigments include, for example, titanate pigments and spinel pigments. The color pigments or dyes are advantageously applied to the thermoplastic intermediate layer in a water- or solvent-based composition and preferably dried. The color pigments or dyes can be applied to the thermoplastic intermediate layer using spray processes, screen printing, inkjet processes or other suitable printing processes. In particular, the composition with which the opaque layer is printed does not contain any glass-forming oxides or glass frits or other components that lead to a glass-like layer after drying and after lamination.

The opaque layer according to the invention is in particular not glass-like and does not contain or is not enamel.

A wide variety of single-layer or multi-layer films known to those skilled in the art can be used as functional films.

The functional film is preferably a film which is based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), triacetylcellulose (TAC) and/or polycarbonate and/or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

The functional film thus preferably comprises at least one carrier film based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), triacetylcellulose (TAC) and / or polycarbonate and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably one based on Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based carrier film.

Well-known functional films that are used in the automotive sector include, for example, HUD films, display films, multilayer optical films and functional films with electrically switchable optical properties. The functional films with electrically switchable optical properties include, for example, PDLC films, SPD films, electrochromic films or electroluminescent films. These functional films with electrically switchable optical properties are generally multilayer films comprising one or more carrier films and one arranged thereon or in between active layer designed. PET is generally used as the carrier film material. The active layer changes its optical properties when an electrical voltage is applied.

The functional film can also be designed as a film with a coating that reflects infrared radiation.

The functional film is preferably a HUD display film, a display film or an optical multilayer film.

The functional film is particularly preferably a reflective film that can be used as a HUD film. Such a reflective film is preferably metal-free and suitable for reflecting at least 5%, preferably 10% to 50%, particularly preferably 15% to 30%, in particular 20% to 25%, of p-polarized light striking the film. This is particularly advantageous in terms of a good HUD image.

The reflective film is preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based film that is coated with a copolymer layer stack based on PET and/or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). The coating is preferably applied to the interior surface, ie the surface that faces the vehicle interior. Suitable reflective films are, for example, in US 5,882,774 A described.

In the case of the reflective film, the coating is preferably applied to the surface of the film, which represents the interior-side surface, i.e. the surface that faces the vehicle interior, after the composite pane made from the stacking sequence has been installed in a vehicle. The opaque layer is preferably applied to the surface of the reflective film opposite the coating. The opaque layer is therefore preferably not applied to the coating of the functional film designed as a reflective film.

The functional film can be between 20 µm (micrometers) and 2 mm, preferably between 20 µm and 120 µm, thick. The thickness of the functional film is constant over the entire length, so the functional film has a rectangular cross section. The functional film is therefore not a wedge film.

The composite pane according to the invention has an upper pane edge and a lower pane edge and two lateral side edges. The upper edge of the pane refers to the side edge of the composite pane that is intended to point upwards in the installed position. The lower edge of the pane refers to the side edge that is intended to point downwards in the installed position. If the composite pane is the windshield of a motor vehicle, the upper edge of the pane is often referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge of the pane is often also referred to as the engine edge.

The outer pane and the inner pane each have an outside and an inside surface, an upper edge, a lower edge and two side edges. The upper edge refers to the edge of the composite pane that is intended to point upwards in the installed position. The bottom edge refers to the edge that is intended to point downwards in the installed position. For the purposes of the invention, the outside surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position. For the purposes of the invention, the interior-side surface refers to the main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position. The interior surface of the outer pane and the outside surface of the inner pane face each other and are connected to one another by the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer.

In one embodiment, the printed opaque layer is arranged in an edge region surrounding the composite pane. The width of the edge area is preferably 20 mm to 150 mm. It is also possible that individual sections of the surrounding edge area are wider than other sections. For example, on the side edges and on the top edge, the printed opaque layer can be arranged in a 20 mm wide edge area and on the bottom edge, the printed opaque layer can be arranged in a 100 mm wide edge area.

In a further embodiment, the composite pane has at least one sensor window for an optical sensor and the printed opaque layer is arranged in an area surrounding the sensor window. The area surrounding the sensor window, in which the printed opaque layer is arranged, is preferably 20 mm to 150 mm wide.

In a further embodiment, the composite pane has at least one sensor window for an optical sensor and the printed opaque layer is arranged in an area surrounding the sensor window and the outer pane and/or the inner pane has a peripheral, frame-like covering print made of enamel, the printed opaque layer and the Cover printing preferably has essentially the same optical density.

A “substantially the same optical density” means that the optical densities of two materials differ from each other by a maximum of 5%, preferably by 3%, particularly preferably by a maximum of 2%.

The printed opaque layer can also be arranged both in an edge area surrounding the composite pane and in an area surrounding the sensor window.

In a preferred embodiment, the composite pane has at least one sensor window for an optical sensor and the functional film has at least one recess, the at least one sensor window being arranged in a vertical view through the composite pane in the area in which the at least one recess in the functional film is arranged. The functional film thus has a recess in the area of the at least one sensor window.

The opaque layer is preferably printed on a maximum of 30%, particularly preferably on a maximum of 10%, very particularly preferably on a maximum of 5% of the area of the functional film.

In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the functional film on which the opaque layer is printed has a surface roughness Rz of a maximum of 45 μm (micrometers), preferably a maximum of 20 μm, particularly preferably of 10 μm, before the opaque layer is printed. The surface is preferably not embossed. Such a smooth surface can be printed particularly precisely and with sharp edges. Rz is defined here as the average roughness depth, i.e. the sum of the height of the largest profile peak and the depth of the largest profile valley within a single measuring section Ir.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the opaque layer has a thickness of 5 µm (micrometers) to 40 µm, preferably 5 µm to 20 µm. Opaque layers with such thicknesses are easy to produce, have sufficient covering power and can be laminated into a composite pane without additional compensating layers or compensating films.

The opaque layer according to the invention can be printed on any surface of the functional film.

The opaque layer is preferably printed on that surface of the functional film which faces in the direction of the outer pane. However, it is also possible for the opaque layer to be printed on the surface of the functional film that faces the inner pane.

The functional film preferably extends over the entire surface of the composite pane or essentially over the entire surface of the composite pane. Essentially over the entire surface of the composite pane means over the entire surface of the composite pane minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm.

The first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer can independently contain or consist of at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

The first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed independently of one another by a single film or by more than one film.

The first thermoplastic interlayer may be between 20 µm (microns) and 2 mm thick and the second thermoplastic interlayer may be between 10 µm (microns) and 2 mm thick. The thickness of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the thickness of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer is constant over the entire length, so the intermediate layers have a rectangular cross section. The thermoplastic intermediate layers are therefore not wedge films.

In a preferred embodiment, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer has a thickness of 200 μm to 1000 μm, preferably 300 μm to 850 μm, and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer has a thickness between 20 μm (micrometers) and 2 mm, preferably between 10 μm and 120 µm, particularly preferably between 15 µm and 90 µm, very particularly preferably between 20 µm and 75 µm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer has a thickness of 200 μm to 1000 μm, preferably 300 μm to 850 μm, and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer has a thickness between 10 μm and 120 μm, preferably between 15 μm and 90 μm, particularly preferably between 20 µm and 75 µm.

The second thermoplastic intermediate layer and the functional film can also be present as a so-called bilayer and as this in a stacking sequence to produce one according to the invention Composite pane can be inserted. This means that the second thermoplastic intermediate layer and the functional film do not necessarily have to be introduced as two individual layers one after the other in the stacking sequence, but can be introduced into the stacking sequence as a common bilayer.

The first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer can independently of one another also have an intermediate layer with acoustically dampening properties, an intermediate layer that reflects infrared radiation, an intermediate layer that absorbs infrared radiation, an intermediate layer that absorbs UV radiation, an intermediate layer that is colored at least in sections and / or an intermediate layer that is tinted at least in sections be. For example, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer or the second thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a belt filter film.

The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably made of glass, in particular of soda lime glass, which is common for window panes. In principle, the panes can also be made from other types of glass (for example borosilicate glass, quartz glass, aluminosilicate glass) or transparent plastics (for example polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate). The thickness of the slices can vary widely. Discs with a thickness in the range from 0.8 mm to 5 mm, preferably from 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm, are preferably used, for example with the standard thicknesses of 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm. However, it is also possible for the outer pane and/or the inner pane to have a thickness of 0.55 mm or 0.7 mm.

The outer pane and the inner pane can independently be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmission through the laminated glass is greater than 70%. The term total transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmission of motor vehicle windows specified by ECE-R 43, Annex 3, § 9.1.

The outer pane and the inner pane can be independently non-prestressed, partially prestressed or prestressed. If at least one of the panes is to have a prestress, this can be a thermal or chemical prestress.

In one embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, the outer pane and the inner pane are curved panes.

The outer pane and/or the inner pane may have anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, solar control coatings and/or low-E coatings.

The height of the outer pane and the inner pane, i.e. in the case of a windshield, the distance between the roof edge of the composite pane and the engine edge of the composite pane, is preferably between 0.8 m and 1.40 m, particularly preferably between 0.9 m and 1.25 m It goes without saying that the height of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer, the second thermoplastic intermediate layer and the functional film is preferably between 0.8 m and 1.40 m, particularly preferably between 0.9 m and 1.25 m.

The composite window according to the invention can be a vehicle window. A vehicle window is intended to separate a vehicle interior from an external environment. A vehicle window is therefore a window pane that is inserted into a window opening in the vehicle body or is intended for this purpose. A composite pane according to the invention is in particular a windshield of a motor vehicle.

In the case of a vehicle window, the term inner window refers to the window which is intended to face the interior of the vehicle when installed. The outer window refers to the window which is intended to face the external environment of the vehicle when installed.

The opaque layer can also be printed in such a way that the print is also semi-transparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot grid, perforated grid, stripe grid or checkered grid. Alternatively, the print can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque covering to a semi-transparent covering.

It should be emphasized again that in the composite pane according to the invention, the opaque layer consists of different materials and has a different microstructure than in a usual cover print that is printed onto a surface of the glass panes (for example by screen printing) and in a process step at high temperatures is burned in (for example when bending the glass pane). Such cover prints consist of a ceramic ink and contain glass-forming oxides or glass frits, which form a glass-like coating on the glass pane after baking. This glass-like coating has a strong and intimate bond with the surface of the glass pane. When dismantled, the composite pane using high forces, such covering pressure cannot be removed from the glass surface.

The composite pane according to the invention is preferably bent in one or more directions in space, as is usual for motor vehicle windows, with typical radii of curvature in the range from approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m. The laminated glass can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.

1. (a) eine Außenscheibe, eine erste thermoplastische Zwischenschicht mit einem rechteckigen Querschnitt, eine zweite thermoplastische Zwischenschicht mit einem rechteckigen Querschnitt und eine Innenscheibe bereitgestellt werden;
2. (b) auf eine Funktionsfolie mit einem rechteckigen Querschnitt in mindestens einem Bereich eine opake Schicht aufgedruckt wird;
3. (c) eine Stapelfolge gebildet wird, in der die Funktionsfolie zwischen der Außenscheibe und der Innenscheibe angeordnet ist, die erste thermoplastische Zwischenschicht zwischen der Außenscheibe und der Funktionsfolie angeordnet ist und die zweite thermoplastische Zwischenschicht zwischen der Funktionsfolie und der Innenscheibe angeordnet;
4. (d) die Stapelfolge durch Lamination verbunden wird.

A composite pane according to the invention can be produced by a method wherein at least

1. (a) providing an outer pane, a first thermoplastic interlayer having a rectangular cross-section, a second thermoplastic interlayer having a rectangular cross-section and an inner pane;
2. (b) an opaque layer is printed on a functional film with a rectangular cross section in at least one area;
3. (c) a stacking sequence is formed in which the functional film is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the functional film and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the functional film and the inner pane;
4. (d) the stacking sequence is connected by lamination.

Steps (a) and (b) of the method can also be carried out in reverse order or simultaneously.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the method in step (b) of printing the opaque layer onto the functional film comprises at least applying a water-based or solvent-based color pigments or dyes-containing composition to the functional film in at least one area and drying the applied composition. Spraying processes, screen printing processes, inkjet processes or other suitable printing processes are particularly suitable for applying the composition.

If the composite pane is to be bent, the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably subjected to a bending process before lamination. The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent congruently together (i.e. at the same time and using the same tool), because this means that the shape of the panes is optimally coordinated with one another for the later lamination. Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are, for example, 500°C to 700°C.

The stacking sequence can be lamination using common lamination processes. For example, so-called autoclave processes can be carried out at an increased pressure of about 10 bar to 15 bar and temperatures of 130 ° C to 145 ° C for about 2 hours. Alternatively, autoclave-free processes are also possible. Known vacuum bag or vacuum ring processes work, for example, at around 200 mbar and 80 ° C to 110 ° C. The stacking sequence can also be pressed into a composite disc in a calender between at least one pair of rollers. Systems of this type are known for producing disks and usually have at least one heating tunnel in front of a pressing plant. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, from 40 °C to 150 °C. Combinations of calender and autoclave processes have proven particularly useful in practice. Alternatively, vacuum laminators can be used. These consist of one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which the first pane and the second pane are laminated within, for example, about 60 minutes at reduced pressures of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and temperatures of 80 ° C to 170 ° C.

The preferred embodiments of the composite pane according to the invention described above also apply accordingly to methods for producing a composite pane according to the invention.

The composite window according to the invention can be used as a vehicle window in means of transport on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular in a windscreen, especially for a head-up display in a motor vehicle.

The invention is explained in more detail below using drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings do not limit the invention in any way.

• 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe;
• 2 einen Querschnitt durch die Verbundscheibe gemäß 1 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A`;
• 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe;
• 4 einen Querschnitt durch die Verbundscheibe gemäß 3 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A`;
• 5 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe;
• 6 einen Querschnitt durch die Verbundscheibe gemäß 5 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A`;
• 7 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe;
• 8 einen Querschnitt durch die Verbundscheibe gemäß 7 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A`;
• 9 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe;
• 10 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe; und
• 11 ein Flussdiagramm einer Ausführungsform eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Verbundscheibe.

Show it:

• 1 a top view of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;
• 2 a cross section through the composite pane 1 along the section line AA`;
• 3 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;
• 4 a cross section through the composite pane 3 along the section line AA`;
• 5 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;
• 6 a cross section through the composite pane 5 along the section line AA`;
• 7 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;
• 8th a cross section through the composite pane 7 along the section line AA`;
• 9 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;
• 10 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention; and
• 11 a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for producing a composite pane according to the invention.

In 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention shown and in 2 is a cross section through the composite pane 1 according to 1 shown along the section line AA`. The composite pane 1 is constructed from an outer pane 2, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3, a functional film 4, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 and an inner pane 6. The functional film 4 is arranged between the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 6, which is the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 arranged between the outer pane 2 and the functional film 4 and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 is arranged between the functional film 4 and the inner pane 6. The outer pane 2 and the inner pane 6 are connected to one another via the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 6, between which the functional film 4 is arranged. The functional film 4 extends in the 1 and 2 Embodiment shown thus over the entire surface of the composite pane.

The ones in the 1 and 2 Composite pane 1 shown is, for example, a vehicle composite pane of a passenger car. In the installed position, the outer pane 2 faces the external environment, the inner pane 6 faces the vehicle interior. The lower pane edge U of the composite pane 1 is arranged downwards in the direction of the engine of the passenger car, the upper pane edge O of the composite pane 1 is arranged upwards in the direction of the roof, the two side pane edges S are arranged laterally.

An opaque layer 7 is printed on the functional film 4 and is arranged in an area surrounding a sensor window 8.

The outer pane 2 and the inner pane 6 consist, for example, of soda-lime glass. The outer pane 2 has a thickness of 2.1 mm, for example, and the inner pane 6 has a thickness of 1.6 mm, for example.

The opaque layer 7 here is, for example, black and has a thickness of, for example, 12 μm. The opaque layer 7 is arranged on the surface of the functional film 4, which points in the direction of the outer pane 2.

The first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 consists, for example, of PVB and has a thickness of 0.81 mm. The second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 consists, for example, of PVB and has a thickness of 50 μm (micrometers).

The functional film 4 is in the 1 and Fig. 2 shown embodiment of the composite pane 1, for example, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based reflective film, which is coated with a copolymer layer stack based on PET and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and is suitable for a proportion of 20% to 25% of impinging on the functional film to reflect p-polarized light. The functional film 4, for example, has a thickness between 20 μm and 120 μm.

The outer pane 2, the inner pane 6, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3, the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 and the functional film 4 have the same external dimensions so that the side edges, the upper edge and the lower edge of the outer pane 2, the side edges, the upper edge and the Lower edge of the inner pane 6, the side edges, the upper edge and the lower edge of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3, the side edges, the upper edge and the lower edge of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 and the side edges, the upper edge and the lower edge of the functional film 4 as seen through the composite pane 1 lie flush on top of each other.

In 3 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention is shown and in 4 is a cross section through the composite pane 1 according to 3 shown along the section line AA`. The ones in the 3 and 4 Embodiment shown differs from that in the 1 and 2 shown only to the effect that the functional film 4 has an opaque print in an area surrounding a sensor window 8 and in a peripheral edge region, that is, an opaque layer 7 is printed on the functional film 4 in an area surrounding a sensor window 8 and in a peripheral edge region.

In 5 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention is shown and in 6 is a cross section through the composite pane 1 according to 5 shown along section line AA'. The ones in the 5 and 6 Embodiment shown differs from that in the 1 and 2 shown only to the effect that the functional film 4 has an opaque print in an area surrounding a sensor window 8, ie an opaque layer 7 is printed on the functional film 4 in an area surrounding a sensor window 8, and that the surface adjacent to the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 the outer pane 2 has an edged, frame-like cover print 9 made of black enamel. The cover print 9 and the printed opaque layer 7 have essentially the same optical density.

In the in the 5 and 6 In the embodiment shown, the functional film 4 extends over the entire surface of the composite pane 1. However, it is also possible for the functional film 4 to extend essentially over the entire surface of the composite pane 1, ie over the entire surface minus a peripheral edge area of, for example, 20 mm , which is covered by the frame-like cover print 9.

In 7 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention is shown and in 8th is a cross section through the composite pane 1 according to 7 shown along section line AA'. The ones in the 7 and 8th Embodiment shown differs from that in the 1 and 2 shown only to the effect that the functional film 4 has an opaque print in a peripheral edge area, ie an opaque layer 7 is printed on the functional film 4 in a peripheral edge area. In the in the 7 and 8th In the embodiment shown, the composite pane 1 has no sensor window.

In the 9 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention is shown. The ones in the 9 The embodiment shown differs from that in the 3 shown only in that opaque print 7 is frame-like and is enlarged in the area of the upper edge O towards the center of the pane and is circular around the sensor window 8.

In the 10 a top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention is shown. The ones in the 10 The embodiment shown differs from that in the 9 shown only to the extent that the opaque print is only enlarged in a partial area of the upper edge of the pane O in the direction of the center of the pane.

11 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for producing a composite pane 1 according to the invention.

The method includes first step S1, in which an outer pane 2, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 with a rectangular cross section, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 with a rectangular cross section and an inner pane 6 are provided.

In a second step S2, an opaque layer 7 is printed at least in one area onto a functional film 4 with a rectangular cross section.

In a third step S3, a stacking sequence is formed from the outer pane 2, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3, the functional film 4, the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 and the inner pane 6, in which the functional film 4 is arranged between the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 6, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 is arranged between the outer pane 2 and the functional film 4 and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 is arranged between the functional film 4 and the inner pane 6.

In a fourth step S4, the stacking sequence is connected by lamination.

Preferably, step S2 comprises at least applying a water- or solvent-based composition containing color pigments or dyes to the functional film 4 in at least one area and drying the applied composition.

Steps S1 and S2 can also take place in reverse order or simultaneously.

The composite pane according to the invention and the method for its production have clear advantages over a covering print according to the prior art, which is applied directly to a glass surface, is baked there at higher temperatures and forms a glass-like coating or an enamel.

As described at the beginning, this form of applying the covering pressure to a glass pane is difficult or not possible with surface-coated glasses. In addition to adhesion problems in the composite pane, undesirable discoloration or defects in the masking print or in the coatings can occur. This applies in particular to a cover print according to the prior art, which is applied and baked onto a sun protection coating and in particular a silver-based sun protection coating. In particular, the covering pressure according to the prior art can also lead to optical distortions in the edge area or especially in the area of sensor windows.

All of these disadvantages that arise with a covering pressure according to the prior art are successfully solved and avoided by the decoupling of the opaque layer 7 from the outer pane 2 or the inner pane 6 according to the invention.

List of reference symbols:

1

Composite disc

2

Outer pane

3

first thermoplastic intermediate layer

4

Functional film

5

second thermoplastic intermediate layer

6

inner pane

7

opaque layer

8th

Sensor window

9

cover pressure

O

upper edge of the disc

U

lower edge of the window

S

lateral edge of the window

A-A'

cutting line

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102014220189 A1 [0007]
• US 20040135742 A1 [0008]
• US 5882774 A [0008, 0029]
• WO 2014174308 A1 [0010]
• US 9623634 B2 [0016]
• WO 2018122770 A1 [0016]
• WO 2019038043 A1 [0016]
• EP 1322482 B2 [0016]
• US 2014212639 A1 [0016]

Claims (13)

Composite pane (1) at least comprising - an outer pane (2), - a first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3), - a functional film (4), - a second thermoplastic intermediate layer (5), and - an inner pane (6), wherein the functional film (4) has a rectangular cross section and is arranged between the outer pane (2) and the inner pane (6), the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) has a rectangular cross section and is arranged between the outer pane (2) and the functional film (4), the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (5) has a rectangular cross section and is arranged between the functional film (4) and the inner pane (6), and wherein the functional film (4) has a printed opaque layer (7) in at least one area. Composite disc (1). Claim 1 , wherein the functional film (4) is a film based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), triacetylcellulose (TAC) and / or polycarbonate and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof, in particular based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA) and/or cellulose triacetate (TAC). Composite disc (1). Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the functional film (4) is a HUD film, a display film or an optical multilayer film. Composite disc (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , wherein the functional film (4) is a reflective film which is suitable for a proportion of 10% to 50%, preferably from 15% to 30%, particularly preferably 20% to 25%, of p-polarized light incident on the reflective film reflect. Composite disc (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , wherein the composite pane (1) has at least one sensor window (8) for an optical sensor and the printed opaque layer (7) is arranged in an area surrounding the at least one sensor window (8). Composite disc (1). Claim 5 , wherein the outer pane (2) and / or the inner pane (6) has an edge, frame-like cover print (9) made of enamel and the printed opaque layer (7) and the cover print (9) preferably have essentially the same optical density. Composite disc (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , wherein the printed opaque layer (7) is arranged in an edge area surrounding the composite pane (1). Composite disc (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , wherein the composite pane (1) has at least one sensor window (8) for an optical sensor and the printed opaque layer (7) is arranged in an area surrounding the at least one sensor window (8) and in an edge area surrounding the composite pane (1). Composite disc (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 8th , wherein the printed opaque layer (7) contains color pigments or dyes, in particular selected from the group consisting of industrial carbon black, iron oxide pigments and mixed-phase oxide pigments. Composite disc (1), according to one of the Claims 1 until 9 , wherein the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (5) independently contain at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or from them consist. Composite disc (1), according to one of the Claims 1 until 10 , wherein the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) has a thickness of 200 µm to 1000 µm, preferably 300 µm to 850 µm, and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (5) between 10 µm and 120 µm, preferably between 15 µm and 90 µm, especially is preferably between 20 µm and 75 µm thick. Composite disc (1), according to one of the Claims 1 until 11 , wherein the printed opaque layer (7) has a thickness of 5 µm (micrometers) to 40 µm, preferably 5 µm to 20 µm. Composite disc (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 12 , wherein the functional film (4) extends over the entire surface of the composite pane (1) or substantially over the entire surface of the composite pane (1).

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