DE202021105080U1 - Infection protection equipment and the underlying system - Google Patents

Infection protection equipment and the underlying system Download PDF

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DE202021105080U1
DE202021105080U1 DE202021105080.2U DE202021105080U DE202021105080U1 DE 202021105080 U1 DE202021105080 U1 DE 202021105080U1 DE 202021105080 U DE202021105080 U DE 202021105080U DE 202021105080 U1 DE202021105080 U1 DE 202021105080U1
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • A41D13/1192—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres with antimicrobial agent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
    • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
    • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
    • A61L9/127—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor comprising a wick
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
    • A61L2101/32—Organic compounds
    • A61L2101/46—Macromolecular compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/14—Filtering means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
    • A61L2209/21—Use of chemical compounds for treating air or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0442—Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
    • B01D2239/0492—Surface coating material on fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0613—Woven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0645—Arrangement of the particles in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

Antivirusausrüstung, hergestellt aus einem mehrschichtigen Fasermaterial und ausgestattet mit Bindungen und einem antiviral wirkenden Element, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass das antiviral wirkende Element mindestens eine Gewebeschicht enthält, die mit dem Aerosol einer Emulsion bearbeitet wurde, das eine Aprotinin-Lösung enthält.Antiviral equipment made from a multilayered fiber material and equipped with bonds and an antiviral element, which is characterized in that the antiviral element contains at least one layer of tissue which has been worked with the aerosol of an emulsion containing an aprotinin solution.

Description

Das nützliche Modell ist ein Medizinprodukt und gehört zu den Ausrüs-tungen, die zur Prävention von Erkrankungen des Bronchial- und Lungensys-tems verwendet werden, insbesondere für die Prävention von Viruserkrankun-gen, unter anderem solcher, die durch das Coronavirus COVID-19 ausgelöst werden.The useful model is a medical device and belongs to the equipment that is used to prevent diseases of the bronchial and pulmonary systems, in particular for the prevention of viral diseases, including those caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 will.

Angesichts der großen Zahl an Infizierten und Todesopfern der COVID-19-Pandemie hat die Suche nach Mitteln zur Prävention und Behandlung von Kranken, die sich mit diesem Erreger infiziert haben, eine hohe praktische Be-deutung.In view of the large number of people infected and killed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the search for means of preventing and treating sick people who have become infected with this pathogen is of great practical importance.

Nach aktuellem Stand wird das neue Coronavirus von der WHO und dem Zentrum für Kontrolle und Prophylaxe von Erkrankungen der USA als Erkrankung klassifiziert, die hauptsächlich durch Tröpfcheninfektion übertra-gen wird, also durch Tröpfchen einer Größe von über 5 µm. Zu einer Infektion kommt es in der Regel, wenn das Virus beim Einatmen von Luft mit Viruspar-tikel enthaltendem Aerosol in den Nasenrachenraum gelangt. Dabei ist die Übertragung der Infektion beim Aufenthalt im gleichen Raum mit einem Infi-zierten oder sogar durch Einatmen von Luft, das durch ein Belüftungssystem geleitet wird, möglich.According to the current status, the new coronavirus is classified by the WHO and the Center for Control and Prophylaxis of Diseases in the USA as a disease that is mainly transmitted by droplet infection, i.e. by droplets larger than 5 µm. An infection usually occurs when the virus enters the nasopharynx when breathing air with an aerosol containing virus particles. The transmission of the infection is possible when staying in the same room with an infected person or even by inhaling air that is passed through a ventilation system.

Während die Fraktion der Partikel einer Größe von 30 µm und größer sich langsam zu Boden senkt, wo sie mit den noch größeren Teilchen einen bakteri-ellen Staub bildet, trocknen die bis 10 µm großen Partikel und verwandeln sich in Nukleoli einer Größe von etwa 1 µm; sie bilden die Fraktion der Tröpfchen-kerne. Insbesondere in jüngeren Forschungen wurde festgestellt, dass sich 64 % der Viren in der Innenraumluft, in medizinischen Behandlungsräumen, an Bord eines Flugzeugs etc. vor allem als Aerosolpartikel mit einem Durchmesser von weniger als 2,5 µm erhalten (Yang, W. et al. „Concentrations and size distri-butions of airborne influenza A viruses measured indoors at a health centre, a day-care centre and on aeroplanes“ Journal of the Royal Society, Interface. 2011 Aug. 8(61):1176-1184). Wegen ihres geringen Umfangs können solche Partikel lange in der Luft verbleiben und in tiefliegende Regionen der Atemwege eindringen. Sie zählen zu den Schlüsselfaktoren der Verbreitung von Tröpf-cheninfektionen.While the fraction of particles 30 µm and larger slowly sinks to the bottom, where it forms a bacterial dust with the even larger particles, the particles up to 10 µm dry and transform into nucleoli of about 1 µm in size ; they form the fraction of the droplet nuclei. In particular in more recent research it was found that 64% of viruses in indoor air, in medical treatment rooms, on board an airplane etc. are mainly preserved as aerosol particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 µm (Yang, W. et al. "Concentrations and size distributions of airborne influenza A viruses measured indoors at a health center, a day-care center and on airplanes" Journal of the Royal Society, Interface. 2011 Aug. 8 (61): 1176-1184). Because of their small size, such particles can remain in the air for a long time and penetrate deeper regions of the airways. They are one of the key factors in the spread of droplet infections.

Forschungen haben ergeben, dass in einem Aerosolpartikel mit einem Durchmesser von 1-10 µm zwischen 1 000 und 10 Millionen Viren enthalten sind ( Yezli, S., Otter, J. A. „Minimum Infective Dose of the Major Human Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Transmitted Through Food and the Environ-ment“, Food Environ Virol 2011, 3, S. 1-30 ), während man davon ausgeht, dass in vielen Fällen ein Virus ausreicht, um die Krankheit auszulösen ( Zwart, M. P. et al. „An experimental test of the independent action hypothesis in vi-rus-insect pathosystems“, Proc. R. Soc. B., 2009, S. 2762233-2242 ).Research has shown that an aerosol particle with a diameter of 1-10 µm contains between 1,000 and 10 million viruses ( Yezli, S., Otter, JA "Minimum Infective Dose of the Major Human Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Transmitted Through Food and the Environment", Food Environ Virol 2011, 3, pp. 1-30 ), while it is believed that in many cases one virus is enough to cause the disease ( Zwart, MP et al. "An experimental test of the independent action hypothesis in vi-rus-insect pathosystems", Proc. R. Soc. B., 2009, pp. 2762233-2242 ).

Um das Infektionsrisiko herabzusetzen, empfehlen das Zentrum für Kon-trolle und Prophylaxe von Erkrankungen der USA und das Europäische Zent-rum für die Prävention und die Kon-trolle von Krankheiten Maßnahmen, um aerogenen Infektionen in beliebigen Situationen vorzubeugen, in denen Kontak-te mit COVID-19-Patienten unvermeidlich sind. Für diesen Zweck kommen FFP-Masken oder chirurgische Masken mit Schutzbrillen und Handschuhen, sollten FFP2-Masken nicht verfügbar sein, infrage. Eine solche Maske verrin-gert die Exposition gegenüber dem Virus aus der Fraktion großer Aerosolpar-tikel (größer als 30 µm) um das 25-Fache und die Exposition gegenüber dem Virus aus feindispersen Fraktionen um das 2,8-Fache. Im Einzelnen schützt die FFP1-Maske (nach der europäischen Klassifikation) gegen 80 %, die FFP2-Maske gegen 94 % und die FFP3-Maske gegen 99 % der Partikel (https://xn--80aesfpebagmfblc 0a.xn--plai/news/20200424-1559.html) .In order to reduce the risk of infection, the Center for the Control and Prophylaxis of Diseases of the USA and the European Center for the Prevention and Control of Diseases recommend measures to prevent airborne infections in any situation in which there is contact with COVID-19 patients are inevitable. For this purpose, FFP masks or surgical masks with protective goggles and gloves, if FFP2 masks are not available, can be used. Such a mask reduces the exposure to the virus from the fraction of large aerosol particles (larger than 30 µm) by 25 times and the exposure to the virus from finely dispersed fractions by 2.8 times. In detail, the FFP1 mask (according to the European classification) protects against 80%, the FFP2 mask against 94% and the FFP3 mask against 99% of the particles (https: // xn - 80aesfpebagmfblc 0a.xn - plai / news / 20200424-1559.html).

Die Schwachpunkte der FFP-Masken sind einerseits ihr hoher Preis und ihre unzureichende Verfügbarkeit unter Bedingungen der Epidemie, ferner das er-schwerte Atmen für den gewöhnlichen Nutzer, insbesondere im Falle älterer Menschen und Personen, die an Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen leiden.The weak points of the FFP masks are, on the one hand, their high price and their insufficient availability under epidemic conditions, and also the difficulty of breathing for ordinary users, especially in the case of the elderly and people suffering from cardiovascular diseases.

In dieser Situation hat sich das Tragen individueller Masken durchgesetzt, die aus mehreren Schichten eines dünnen und weichen Gewebes bestehen und zur Befestigung am Gesicht mit einem Band oder Gummi ausgestattet sind. Diese Masken verringern das Austreten von Keimen aus dem Nasenrachenraum (Spritzer, Speichel, Husten etc.). In der Regel besteht die Schutzwirkung solcher Masken nicht länger als 4 Stunden. Um ihre Schutzwirkung wiederherzustellen, wird die Maske sterili-siert ( Jacobs, J. L. et al. „Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: A randomized con-trolled trial“ American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 37, Issue 5, 2009, S. 417-419 ).In this situation, the wearing of individual masks, which consist of several layers of a thin and soft tissue and are equipped with a tape or rubber for attachment to the face, has become the norm. These masks reduce the escape of germs from the nasopharynx (splashes, saliva, cough, etc.). As a rule, the protective effect of such masks does not last longer than 4 hours. In order to restore its protective effect, the mask is sterilized ( Jacobs, JL et al. "Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: A randomized controlled trial" American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 37, Issue 5, 2009, pp. 417-419 ).

Die besten medizinischen Einwegmasken werden aus einem dreischichtigen Material hergestellt, das aus den Schichten Spinnvlies - Meltblown - Spinnvlies besteht. Die innere Schicht der Maske nimmt Flüssigkeit schnell auf und lässt sie durch sich hindurch (Feuchtigkeit der Atemluft, Schweiß). Die mittlere Schicht der Maske bildet dank ihrer mikroporösen Struktur ein fein-körniges Netz aus besonders geflochtenem Polypropylenfaden; sie hält die Bakterien auf und hindert sie an ihrer weiteren Verbreitung, sie nimmt die Feuchtigkeit der Atemluft auf und verteilt sie in der gesamten Maske. Die feuchtigkeitsabstoßende äußere Schicht der Maske hindert die Feuchtigkeit am Austreten nach außen. Die Wirksamkeit solcher Masken wird auf 65-80 % geschätzt ( Cowling, B. et al. „Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: A systematic review, Epidemiology and Infection, 138(4), 2010, S. 449-456 ; https://medams.ru/ odnorazovye_trehsloy-nue_maski_respira-toru_alina).The best medical disposable masks are made from a three-layer material consisting of the layers of spunbond - meltblown - spunbond. The inner layer of the mask absorbs liquid quickly and lets it through (moisture in the breath, sweat). Thanks to its microporous structure, the middle layer of the mask forms a fine-grained network of specially braided polypropylene thread; it stops the bacteria and prevents them from spreading further, it absorbs the moisture from the air we breathe and spread them all over the mask. The moisture-repellent outer layer of the mask prevents moisture from escaping to the outside. The effectiveness of such masks is estimated at 65-80% ( Cowling, B. et al. "Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: A systematic review, Epidemiology and Infection, 138 (4), 2010, pp. 449-456 ; https://medams.ru/ odnorazovye_trehsloy-nue_maski_respira-toru_alina).

Zahlreiche Studien belegen eine partielle Wirksamkeit von Masken beim Schutz vor Tröpfchen eines grobdispersen Aerosols (Leung, N.H. L. et al. „Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks“, Na-ture Medicine (2020) ; Lai, A. C. K. et al. „Effectiveness of facemasks to reduce exposure hazards for airborne infections among general populations“, J. R. Soc. Interface, 2012, S. 9938-948 ; Sande, van der, M. et al. „Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population“, PLoS ONE 3(7): 2008, e2618 ), die Filtermaterialien der chirurgischen OP-Masken wie auch der FFP-Masken des Typs N95p mit einer Porengröße von 0,3-0,5 µm verhindern jedoch nicht, dass einzelne Viren durchdringen ( Balazy A. et al., „Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks?“, Ameri-can Journal of Infection Control, Volume 34, Issue 2, March 2006, S. 51-57 ).Numerous studies show a partial effectiveness of masks in protecting against droplets of a coarsely dispersed aerosol (Leung, NHL et al. "Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks", Nature Medicine (2020) ; Lai, ACK et al. "Effectiveness of facemasks to reduce exposure hazards for airborne infections among general populations", JR Soc. Interface, 2012, pp. 9938-948 ; Sande, van der, M. et al. "Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population", PLoS ONE 3 (7): 2008, e2618 ), the filter materials of the surgical mask as well as the FFP masks of type N95p with a pore size of 0.3-0.5 µm do not prevent individual viruses from penetrating ( Balazy A. et al., "Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks?", Ameri-can Journal of Infection Control, Volume 34, Issue 2, March 2006, p. 51- 57 ).

Insbesondere konnte gezeigt werden ( Offeddu, V. et al. „Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analy-sis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 11, 1 December 2017, S. 1934-1942 ; Long, Y. et al. „Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic re-view and meta-analy-sis“, J Evid Based Med. 2020, S. 1-9 ), dass sie eine un-zureichende Wirksamkeit für den Schutz gegen virale Atemwegserkrankungen aufweisen.In particular, it could be shown ( Offeddu, V. et al. "Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analy-sis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 11, December 1, 2017, pp. 1934-1942 ; Long, Y. et al. "Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic re-view and meta-analy-sis", J Evid Based Med. 2020, pp. 1-9 ) that they are insufficiently effective in protecting against viral respiratory diseases.

Man arbeitet derzeit an Lösungen für eine Verbesserung der Schutzeigen-schaften der Masken. Dabei sollen in die Maske ein Brei aus Pflanzen mit anti-biotischen und antiseptischen Eigenschaften (Anträge RU2000114426, 2002 ; RU200311549, 2004 ), Titandioxid ( RU58920, 2006 ) UV-Strahler ( RU40847, 2004 ) eingearbeitet werden.We are currently working on solutions to improve the protective properties of the masks. A pulp of plants with anti-biotic and antiseptic properties should be put into the mask (applications RU2000114426, 2002 ; RU200311549, 2004 ), Titanium dioxide ( RU58920, 2006 ) UV lamps ( RU40847, 2004 ) are incorporated.

Der beantragten Lösung am nächsten kommt eine flache, zweischichtige Schutzmaske ( RU32368, 2003 ), in die zwischen die aus Fasergewebe gebilde-ten Schichten eine austauschbare Filtereinlage eingearbeitet wird, an deren Oberfläche ein Arzneistoff aufgetragen werden kann. Die Maske ist mit Befes-tigungen an ihren oberen und unteren Ecken ausgestattet.The closest thing to the proposed solution is a flat, two-layer protective mask ( RU32368, 2003 ), in which an exchangeable filter insert is incorporated between the layers made of fiber fabric, on the surface of which a drug can be applied. The mask is equipped with fasteners at its upper and lower corners.

Die Unzulänglichkeit der Maske besteht darin, dass sie einen unzureichenden antiviralen Schutz bietet und die Filtereinlage regelmäßig ausgetauscht werden muss, was bei längerem Tragen der Maske unbequem ist.The inadequacy of the mask is that it offers inadequate antiviral protection and the filter insert has to be replaced regularly, which is inconvenient when the mask is worn for long periods of time.

Die vom Verfasser zu lösende Aufgabe war eine Modifizierung der individu-ellen Schutzmittel - der chirurgischen Maske oder FFP-Maske, die mit einem Filter aus einem Fasermaterial versehen ist, um ihre Schutzeigenschaften zu er-höhen.The task to be solved by the author was a modification of the individual protective means - the surgical mask or FFP mask, which is provided with a filter made of a fiber material in order to increase its protective properties.

Das technische Ergebnis wurde erzielt, indem zumindest eine Gewebeschicht in der Ausrüstung mit dem Aerosol einer Emulsion bearbeitet wurde, die eine A-protinin-Lösung enthält.The technical result was achieved by treating at least one tissue layer in the equipment with the aerosol of an emulsion containing an A-protinin solution.

Als ein solches Präparat wird ein Aerosolpräparat vorgeschlagen, das die früher vom Verfasser in EP2594283 ( WO2012008869 , RU2425691 ) beschrie-bene Aprotinin-Lösung enthält. Das Präparat enthält Aprotinin in einer Menge von 23-30 mg je 100 ml des Präparats, ferner 70-84 Vol.-% 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluorethan, 8-15 Vol.-% Ethanol, 5-10 Vol.-% Glycerol, Wasser und Konservierungsstoff.As one such preparation, an aerosol preparation is proposed which is the same as that previously described by the author in EP2594283 ( WO2012008869 , RU2425691 ) contains the aprotinin solution described. The preparation contains aprotinin in an amount of 23-30 mg per 100 ml of the preparation, furthermore 70-84% by volume 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 8-15% by volume ethanol, 5-10% by volume. -% glycerol, water and preservative.

Eine solche Bearbeitung bewirkt das Anhaften der Emulsion an den Fasern des Gewebes. Die Zwischenräume zwischen den Fasern werden dabei kleiner, die auf den Fasern sich erhebende Schicht zieht die das Virus durch Adhäsi-onskräfte (van der Waal'sche Kräfte) enthaltenden Partikel des feindispersen Aerosols wirksamer an. Am wirksamsten wird das feindisperse Aerosol mit einer Partikelgröße von weniger als 10 µm aufgefangen, gegen das die Stan-dardmasken schlecht schützen.Such processing causes the emulsion to adhere to the fibers of the fabric. The spaces between the fibers become smaller, the layer rising up on the fibers attracts the particles of the finely dispersed aerosol containing the virus through adhesion forces (van der Waal's forces) more effectively. Most effectively, the finely dispersed aerosol with a particle size of less than 10 µm is captured, against which the standard masks provide poor protection.

In ist eine Mikroaufnahme von Fasern vor (A) und nach (B) einer Bearbeitung der Maske mit Aprotinin zu sehen.In a photomicrograph of fibers can be seen before (A) and after (B) processing of the mask with aprotinin.

Eine weitere Besonderheit der zu entwickelnden Ausrüstung besteht darin, dass im Gewebe Mikroteilchen Aprotinin enthalten sind. Aprotinin ist ein nie-dermolekulares natürliches Polypeptid (58 Aminosäuren), das aus der Rinder-lunge gewonnen wird. Es wird in der Medizin in Form einer Injektionslösung als entzündungshemmender Wirkstoff für die Behandlung von Leber, Nieren und anderen Organen eingesetzt (unter den Handelssnamen Gordox, Contrycal, Trasylol, Aprotex, Vero-Narcap u.a. erhältlich).Another special feature of the equipment to be developed is that the tissue contains microparticles aprotinin. Aprotinin is a low molecular weight natural polypeptide (58 amino acids) that is obtained from the bovine lung. It is used in medicine in the form of an injection solution as an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of the liver, kidneys and other organs (available under the trade names Gordox, Contrycal, Trasylol, Aprotex, Vero-Narcap, etc.).

Aprotinin ist ein Proteaseinhibitor - ein Hemmer besonderer Fermente in der menschlichen Lunge, die für die Reproduktion praktisch aller respiratorischen Virusinfektionen mit pulmonalen Infiltrationen erforderlich sind. Es wurde nachgewiesen, dass Aprotinin selbst in sehr geringen Dosen die Vermehrung von Influenzaviren und anderen Viren, die Lungenerkrankungen auslösen, un-ter anderem Coronaviren, unterdrückt. Die Vorteile der Anwendung von Apro-tinin gegen Virusinfektionen, einschließlich des Coronavirus COVID-19, sind in seiner Eigenschaft begründet, eine entzündungshemmende und antivirale Wirkungsweise miteinander zu verbinden, ferner durch seine Eigenschaft eines Inhibitors für Proteasen, besonderer Fermente in der menschlichen Lunge, die für die Reproduktion praktisch aller respiratorischen Virusinfektionen mit pulmonalen Infiltrationen erforderlich sind. Der durch das Gewebe gelangende Luftstrom wird mit Aprotinin angereichert, der sich im oberen Teil der Atem-wege absetzt und die Vermehrung des Virus blockiert oder erschwert.Aprotinin is a protease inhibitor - an inhibitor of special ferments in the human lungs that are necessary for the reproduction of practically all respiratory viral infections with pulmonary infiltrations. It has been proven that aprotinin, even in very small doses, can cause the multiplication of influenza viruses and other viruses that cause lung diseases, among other things Coronaviruses, suppressed. The advantages of using apotinine against viral infections, including the coronavirus COVID-19, are due to its ability to combine anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects, and also to its properties as an inhibitor for proteases, special enzymes in the human lungs, which are necessary for the reproduction of virtually all respiratory viral infections with pulmonary infiltrations. The air flow passing through the tissue is enriched with aprotinin, which is deposited in the upper part of the airways and blocks or makes it difficult for the virus to multiply.

Eine optimale Bearbeitung ist mithilfe des Inhalators AERUS möglich (https://www.rlsnet. ru/tn_index_id_44141.htm), der ein Aerosol des Herstel-lers WAKE spol.s.r.o. mit Sitz in Tschechien, das eine Partikelgröße 5.0 - 150 µm (Mittelwert - 50 µm) aufweist.Optimal processing is possible with the help of the AERUS inhaler (https: //www.rlsnet. Ru / tn_index_id_44141.htm), which is an aerosol from the manufacturer WAKE spol.s.r.o. based in the Czech Republic, which has a particle size of 5.0 - 150 µm (mean - 50 µm).

In der Metall(Aluminium-)flasche des Inhalators mit einem Füllvolumen von 30 oder 20 ml sind 35 000 KIE (350 Einzeldosen) oder 5 000 KIE (250 Einzeldosen) enthalten, bei einer individu-ellen beim Drücken des Ventils versprühten Aerosoldosis von 85 KIE. Zur Bearbeitung der Maske werden 3-5 Einzeldosen zugrundegelegt, die einen zuverlässigen Infektions-schutz für 8-12 Stunden gewähren.The metal (aluminum) bottle of the inhaler with a filling volume of 30 or 20 ml contains 35,000 KIE (350 single doses) or 5,000 KIE (250 single doses), with an individual aerosol dose of 85 KIE sprayed when the valve is pressed . To process the mask, 3-5 single doses are used as a basis, which provide reliable protection against infection for 8-12 hours.

Das beantragte System umfasst die mit dem Aerosol bearbeitete Maske und 2-3 Spraydosen des oben genannten Aerosols, mit dem die Masken oder Filter befeuchtet werden können, wenn sie bei Gebrauch trocknen.The system applied for includes the aerosol treated mask and 2-3 aerosol cans of the above aerosol that can be used to moisten the masks or filters as they dry in use.

Unter epidemischen Bedingungen in der Stadt Moskau durchgeführte Tests der beantragten Maske haben ergeben, dass von den 50 Probanden, die eine solche Maske zwei Wochen lang trugen, keiner am Coronavirus erkrankte, während in der Vergleichsgruppe, die sich durch herkömmliche Masken schütz-ten, 7 % erkrankten.Tests of the mask applied for under epidemic conditions in the city of Moscow have shown that of the 50 test subjects who wore such a mask for two weeks, none fell ill with the coronavirus, while in the comparison group, who protected themselves with conventional masks, 7 % got sick.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent literature cited

  • RU 20001144262002 [0012]RU 20001144262002 [0012]
  • RU 2003115492004 [0012]RU 2003115492004 [0012]
  • RU 589202006 [0012]RU 589202006 [0012]
  • RU 408472004 [0012]RU 408472004 [0012]
  • RU 323682003 [0013]RU 323682003 [0013]
  • EP 2594283 [0017]EP 2594283 [0017]
  • WO 2012008869 [0017]WO 2012008869 [0017]
  • RU 2425691 [0017]RU 2425691 [0017]

Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturNon-patent literature cited

  • Yezli, S., Otter, J. A. „Minimum Infective Dose of the Major Human Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Transmitted Through Food and the Environ-ment“, Food Environ Virol 2011, 3, S. 1-30 [0005]Yezli, S., Otter, J. A. "Minimum Infective Dose of the Major Human Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Transmitted Through Food and the Environment", Food Environ Virol 2011, 3, pp. 1-30 [0005]
  • Zwart, M. P. et al. „An experimental test of the independent action hypothesis in vi-rus-insect pathosystems“, Proc. R. Soc. B., 2009, S. 2762233-2242 [0005]Zwart, M. P. et al. "An experimental test of the independent action hypothesis in vi-rus-insect pathosystems", Proc. R. Soc. B., 2009, pp. 2762233-2242 [0005]
  • Jacobs, J. L. et al. „Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: A randomized con-trolled trial“ American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 37, Issue 5, 2009, S. 417-419 [0008]Jacobs, J.L. et al. "Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: A randomized controlled trial" American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 37, Issue 5, 2009, pp. 417-419 [0008]
  • Cowling, B. et al. „Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: A systematic review, Epidemiology and Infection, 138(4), 2010, S. 449-456 [0009]Cowling, B. et al. "Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: A systematic review, Epidemiology and Infection, 138 (4), 2010, pp. 449-456 [0009]
  • (Leung, N.H. L. et al. „Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks“, Na-ture Medicine (2020) [0010](Leung, N.H. L. et al. "Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks", Nature Medicine (2020) [0010]
  • Lai, A. C. K. et al. „Effectiveness of facemasks to reduce exposure hazards for airborne infections among general populations“, J. R. Soc. Interface, 2012, S. 9938-948 [0010]Lai, A.C.K. et al. "Effectiveness of facemasks to reduce exposure hazards for airborne infections among general populations", J. R. Soc. Interface, 2012, pp. 9938-948 [0010]
  • Sande, van der, M. et al. „Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population“, PLoS ONE 3(7): 2008, e2618 [0010]Sande, van der, M. et al. "Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population", PLoS ONE 3 (7): 2008, e2618 [0010]
  • Balazy A. et al., „Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks?“, Ameri-can Journal of Infection Control, Volume 34, Issue 2, March 2006, S. 51-57 [0010]Balazy A. et al., "Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks?", Ameri-can Journal of Infection Control, Volume 34, Issue 2, March 2006, p. 51- 57 [0010]
  • Offeddu, V. et al. „Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analy-sis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 11, 1 December 2017, S. 1934-1942 [0011]Offeddu, V. et al. "Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 11, 1 December 2017, pp. 1934-1942 [0011]
  • Long, Y. et al. „Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic re-view and meta-analy-sis“, J Evid Based Med. 2020, S. 1-9 [0011]Long, Y. et al. "Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic re-view and meta-analy-sis", J Evid Based Med. 2020, pp. 1-9 [0011]

Claims (7)

Antivirusausrüstung, hergestellt aus einem mehrschichtigen Fasermaterial und ausgestattet mit Bindungen und einem antiviral wirkenden Element, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass das antiviral wirkende Element mindestens eine Gewebeschicht enthält, die mit dem Aerosol einer Emulsion bearbeitet wurde, das eine Aprotinin-Lösung enthält.Antiviral equipment made from a multilayered fiber material and equipped with bonds and an antiviral element, which is characterized in that the antiviral element contains at least one layer of tissue which has been worked with the aerosol of an emulsion containing an aprotinin solution. Antivirusausrüstung nach Absatz 1, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass sie als Maske ausgeführt wurde.Antivirus equipment according to paragraph 1, which is characterized by the fact that it is designed as a mask. Antivirusausrüstung, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass sie als Filter für eine Maske ausgeführt wurde.Antivirus equipment that distinguishes itself by running as a filter on a mask. Antivirusausrüstung nach Absatz 1, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass sie mit einem Aerosol bearbeitet wurde, das Aprotinin in einer Menge von 23 bis 30 mg je 100 ml des Präparats enthält, ferner 70-84 Vol.-% 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluorethan, 8-15 Vol.-% Ethanol, 5-10 Vol.-% Glycerol, Wasser und Konservierungsstoff.Antivirus equipment according to paragraph 1, which is characterized by the fact that it has been processed with an aerosol containing aprotinin in an amount of 23 to 30 mg per 100 ml of the preparation, furthermore 70-84% by volume 1,1,1,2 -Tetrafluoroethane, 8-15% by volume ethanol, 5-10% by volume glycerol, water and preservative. Antivirusausrüstung nach Absatz 1, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass sie eine Gewebeschicht beinhaltet, die mit einem Aerosol einer Partikelgröße von 5-150 µm bearbeitet wurde.Antivirus equipment according to paragraph 1, which is characterized by the fact that it contains a layer of tissue that has been treated with an aerosol with a particle size of 5-150 µm. Antivirusausrüstung nach Absatz 1, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass sie eine Gewebeschicht beinhaltet, die mit einem Aerosol des Inhalators „Aerus“ bearbeitet wurde.Antivirus equipment according to paragraph 1, which is characterized by the fact that it contains a layer of tissue that has been treated with an aerosol from the “Aerus” inhaler. Infektionsschutz-System, das eine Antivirusausrüstung nach Absatz 1 und mindestens einen Inhalator „Aerus“ enthält.Infection protection system that contains anti-virus equipment according to paragraph 1 and at least one “Aerus” inhaler.
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2425691C1 (en) 2010-07-15 2011-08-10 ВАКЕ спол с.р.о. Aprotinin aerosol for treating viral respiratory infections

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2425691C1 (en) 2010-07-15 2011-08-10 ВАКЕ спол с.р.о. Aprotinin aerosol for treating viral respiratory infections
WO2012008869A1 (en) 2010-07-15 2012-01-19 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Профилактические И Лечебные Агенты : Создание И Тестирование" (Оао "Пласт") Aprotinin-based aerosol preparation for the treatment of viral respiratory infections
EP2594283A1 (en) 2010-07-15 2013-05-22 Oktrytoe Aktsionernoe Obschestvo "Profilakticheskie i Lechebnye Agenty: Sozdanie I Testirovanie (OAO "PLAST") Aprotinin-based aerosol preparation for the treatment of viral respiratory infections

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Title
(Leung, N.H. L. et al. „Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks", Na-ture Medicine (2020)
Balazy A. et al., „Do N95 respirators provide 95% protection level against airborne viruses, and how adequate are surgical masks?", Ameri-can Journal of Infection Control, Volume 34, Issue 2, March 2006, S. 51-57
Cowling, B. et al. „Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: A systematic review, Epidemiology and Infection, 138(4), 2010, S. 449-456
Jacobs, J. L. et al. „Use of surgical face masks to reduce the incidence of the common cold among health care workers in Japan: A randomized con-trolled trial" American Journal of Infection Control, Volume 37, Issue 5, 2009, S. 417-419
Lai, A. C. K. et al. „Effectiveness of facemasks to reduce exposure hazards for airborne infections among general populations", J. R. Soc. Interface, 2012, S. 9938-948
Long, Y. et al. „Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic re-view and meta-analy-sis", J Evid Based Med. 2020, S. 1-9
Offeddu, V. et al. „Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analy-sis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 11, 1 December 2017, S. 1934-1942
Sande, van der, M. et al. „Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population", PLoS ONE 3(7): 2008, e2618
Yezli, S., Otter, J. A. „Minimum Infective Dose of the Major Human Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Transmitted Through Food and the Environ-ment", Food Environ Virol 2011, 3, S. 1-30
Zwart, M. P. et al. „An experimental test of the independent action hypothesis in vi-rus-insect pathosystems", Proc. R. Soc. B., 2009, S. 2762233-2242

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