DE202021102249U1 - Test setup and temperature sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

Test arrangement, comprising a test body (2) and a temperature sensor (1) for measuring its temperature, the test body (2) having a recess (4) open towards its insertion side (3) and wherein a temperature-sensitive element (5) of the temperature sensor ( 1) is at least partially sunk by being pushed into the recess (4).

Description

The invention relates to a test arrangement comprising a test body and a temperature sensor for measuring its temperature as well as a correspondingly suitable temperature sensor.

In many applications, the temperature measurement of test objects, such as on busbars in electric motors in electric vehicles or on the pipes of air conditioning systems or heat pumps, is of great technical importance. Basically, a good thermal connection between a temperature sensor and the test body must be ensured.

Temperature sensors as described prior to this invention, such as, for example, in US Pat US 10436648 B2 , the DE 102017222543 or the German utility model DE 20 2020 101 413 U1 are usually externally pressed against surfaces of electrical components whose temperature is to be measured. Alternatively, as in the EP 2830179 A2 described, temperature sensors can in principle also be attached to the surface of a component to be tested by gluing.

According to the present invention, a test arrangement and a temperature sensor are provided, which allow a simple and mechanically stable installation of the temperature sensor in the test arrangement.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a test arrangement is specified, comprising a test body and a temperature sensor for measuring its temperature. The test body here has a recess that is open towards its insertion side. The temperature-sensitive element of the temperature sensor is at least partially sunk by being pushed into the recess.

In this case and in the following, insertion is preferably understood to mean a substantially rotation-free movement or a substantially translational movement into the recess. Accordingly, there is preferably no screwing of a part of the temperature sensor sunk into the recess. In particular, the recessed or partially recessed part of the temperature sensor is preferably not screwed into the recess. Accordingly, neither the recess nor the part of the temperature sensor that is or is countersunk into the recess preferably has a thread.

A corresponding test arrangement or a corresponding temperature sensor has the advantage that it is easy to attach the temperature sensor to the test body. For example, attaching the temperature sensor does not require a screw-in tool.

At the same time, the at least partial countersinking in the test body has the advantage that the temperature sensor is prevented from slipping perpendicular to a direction of insertion through the walls of the recess. This can also prevent slipping parallel to a surface of the test body. The position can be secured by restricting the movements of the sensor. In this way, sensitivity to vibrations can also be reduced and the safety and accuracy of measurements can be increased. This is particularly relevant with regard to a long-term or continuous measurement of the temperature.

Furthermore, by at least partially sinking the temperature-sensitive element, a heat exchange or heat flow from the test body to the temperature-sensitive element can take place from several spatial directions. The greater the number of directions from which heat flows into the temperature-sensitive element or, when it cools down, in which it flows, the more quickly the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element can be brought into line with the temperature of the test body. Thus, the temperature detection can be improved.

For example, in previously common test arrangements, in which the sensor rests on the outside of the test body, there is only one-sided heat flow. In contrast, a more rapid heat exchange can take place with a temperature sensor according to the invention and a test arrangement according to the invention.

Even if the temperature-sensitive element hangs completely freely in the recess and there is no direct contact with the test body, it can be partially sunk and thus at least partially enclosed, allowing sufficient heat exchange to take place even in the presence of a layer of air between a wall of the recess and the temperature-sensitive element . Direct physical contact between the temperature-sensitive element or an outer shell is not required. A loose contact of the temperature-sensitive element with the wall of the recess can also have a smaller influence on the temperature measurement than in the case of a sensor that is only applied externally.

Since the test body at least partially surrounds the temperature-sensitive element, heat dissipation from the temperature-sensitive element to the environment can be reduced. In contrast to a sensor that is only externally attached, a systematic temperature difference between temperature-sensitive element and test body are at least partially prevented.

In one embodiment, according to the present invention, the temperature-sensitive element or a shell that surrounds it can be in direct contact with the wall of the recess. Alternatively, the temperature-sensitive element can be arranged freely hanging or free-standing in the recess. Direct contact with the wall can be beneficial for quick detection of temperature changes.

The test body preferably contains a solid-like material. The recess is preferably formed in the solid-like material.

If the recess penetrates the test body from an insertion side to a further side of the test body, the temperature-sensitive element is preferably sunk into the recess in such a way that it does not protrude from the recess on the other side.

For example, the test body here can be a busbar, for example in an electric motor in electric vehicles. The test body can thus be made of metal, for example.

Alternatively, the test body can also be a pipe of an air conditioning system or a heat pump or another pipe. Here, the recess is preferably formed exclusively in the pipe wall. According to the present invention, it is preferred that the temperature sensor does not penetrate the interior of a pipe, that is to say, for example, does not reach into a fluid which is guided in a pipe. Alternatively, the test body can also be a cantilever on one of the bodies mentioned above. A boom can be understood here as a part protruding from a main body.

It is preferred that the temperature-sensitive element is completely sunk into the recess.

Complete immersion can further improve the exchange of heat.

As a result of the complete sinking, a heat flow from the direct vicinity of the temperature-sensitive element and from the temperature-sensitive element itself to the environment can be further reduced.

A temperature sensor described above contains the temperature-sensitive element preferably in a measuring head, the measuring head preferably having a casing.

In particular, a measuring head can be mechanically more stable than the temperature-sensitive element itself. As a result, the temperature-sensitive element can be protected from mechanical loads. In addition, an inhibition of the movement perpendicular to the direction of insertion is better possible by countersinking the measuring head with the temperature-sensitive element than with a comparatively unstable exposed temperature-sensitive element alone.

According to a further preferred aspect, a fastening device for fixing the temperature sensor for movement against the insertion direction can be contained in the test arrangement.

As a result of the interaction between the prevention of movement due to the partially submerged temperature sensor and the fastening device, movement or displacement of the temperature sensor against the test body can be largely inhibited or suppressed in all spatial directions.

According to a preferred aspect, the fastening device comprises a spring clip.

The spring clamp preferably causes a certain contact pressure between the temperature sensor and the test body, which primarily has the task of preventing the temperature sensor from falling out of the recess in the direction opposite to the direction of insertion or falling off the test body.

Due to the design of the test arrangement according to the invention, the clamp does not necessarily have to prevent displacement or slipping perpendicular to the direction of insertion. As a result, it is sufficient if a tolerance requirement for the clamping effect is lower than in a case in which the clamp would also have to act against displacement or slipping perpendicular to the direction of insertion.

Preferably, parts of the temperature sensor, which can be referred to as the so-called holding area of the temperature sensor, such as parts of a temperature sensor housing or parts of the spring clip, rest on the test body near the recess. Thus, the spring clip can bring about a clamping effect between a part of the spring clip facing away from the holding area and the holding area.

A spring clip as a fixation can in particular have the advantage that it can be designed as part of the temperature sensor. For example, the temperature sensor can be attached to the test body by simply plugging it in and plugging it in temperature-sensitive elements is at least partially sunk into the recess and the spring clip engages the temperature sensor in such a way that the clamping effect is brought about. An additional attachment of a separate spring clip separated from the rest of the temperature sensor after the temperature-sensitive element has been inserted can thus be avoided. Furthermore, complicated screwing or screwing in can be avoided by means of a spring clip, since fastening and fixing can be carried out by simply plugging and plugging in.

In particular, a single or multiple spring clips can effect the fixation. In the case of a single spring clip, the temperature sensor can also be attached to a test body which is not accessible from all sides, for example because access is blocked from some sides by being installed in an application.

Several spring clips, such as two spring clips, can ensure, for example, a multi-sided and thus more secure fixation.

The spring clip can be made, for example, of an elastic metal or of an elastic plastic.

The spring clip can be made of a material similar to or the same as the housing. But the material can also be different.

According to a further aspect, a cable tie can also be used as an alternative or in addition to the spring clamp to fix the temperature sensor.

The cable tie can be attached around the test body and the temperature sensor, for example. It can loop around the test body and temperature sensor together or be tightened around them. A cable tie can represent a fixation that is simple and inexpensive in terms of attachment. In particular, on an elongated test body, the cable tie can be attached at a point at which the test body is exposed all around with respect to its longitudinal axis.

According to a further preferred aspect, the recess is a blind hole.

Because the blind hole has a base opposite the insertion side, the temperature-sensitive element can also be surrounded by the material of the test body on the part of this base in addition to the wall of the recess. As a result, heat flow away from the recess to the environment can be avoided even better and the temperature measurement can be further improved.

It is also true for a blind hole that the temperature-sensitive element or its measuring head can have contact with the walls or the floor, but this does not have to be.

Alternatively, however, the recess can have a further opening on the outside of the test body in addition to the opening on the insertion side. For example, it can be a continuous opening through the test body, the opening being on the opposite side of the insertion side, for example. In this case it is preferred that the temperature sensor has a closure part which at least partially covers this further opening.

In some cases, a through opening in the test specimen is easier to make than a blind hole. For example, an inexpensive punching process can be used for this.

This additional opening is preferably completely covered.

In this way, heat can be prevented from flowing out of this further opening, for example via convection, whereby an effect similar to that of the blind hole is achieved.

Such a closure part can preferably be part of a spring clip, which is particularly advantageous if it spans the test body from a connecting part or central part of the housing of the temperature sensor and rests on the side opposite the insertion side.

For example, a corresponding cover or, more preferably, its closure can be made by a flattened part of the spring clip or a contact surface of the spring clip.

According to a further preferred aspect, the temperature sensor at least partially covers the recess on the insertion side of the test body.

Even more preferably, the test body completely covers the opening of the recess on the insertion side.

By at least partially covering the opening on the insertion side, the recess can also be closed off as a space for temperature measurement. This can reduce heat dissipation from the recess and thus enable more accurate temperature measurement.

According to another preferred aspect, a contact means, which has a better thermal conductivity than air, can also have a space between the outside of the temperature-sensitive Element and the walls of the recess at least partially fill.

The contact means can preferably be, for example, a heat-conducting paste.

A contact means which at least partially replaces the air in the recess can improve the heat conduction between the temperature-sensitive element and the wall of the recess in the test body. As a result, a temperature measurement can be carried out even more accurately or even faster. In this context, faster can mean that a temperature change in the test body can be detected more quickly by the temperature-sensitive element. A contact means can therefore be preferred in particular for applications in which the test body is subject to rapid temperature changes which are to be detected promptly.

A contact means can preferably be used in the case of a blind hole, since this cannot then run out in the direction of insertion.

According to a further preferred aspect, a measuring head, which is at least partially sunk into the recess and has the temperature-sensitive element, can be cast in the recess by means of a potting compound.

A space between the measuring head and the walls of the recess can preferably be at least partially filled or filled with a potting compound.

Such a potting compound can have, for example, glass, epoxy resin, ceramic, silicone, polyurethane or a mixture of combinations of these substances. The potting compound can also consist of such substances or combinations thereof.

The potting compound can be distinguished from a contact means in that the potting compound has hardened in the assembled test arrangement.

The fixation of the measuring head can be further improved by means of the potting compound and, in addition or as an alternative to other fixation options, as described above, fixation against the direction of insertion can take place.

Furthermore, better heat transport can take place in this way than is possible via air.

According to a further preferred aspect of the test arrangement, the distance between the outside of a temperature-sensitive element, which is, for example, the outer shell of a measuring head, and a point on the side wall of the recess is a maximum of 0.6 mm.

As a result, a heat flow through a gap of a corresponding size between the temperature-sensitive element and a point on the side wall in the direction out of the recess can be minimized.

According to a further preferred aspect, the temperature sensor is shaped in such a way that it is secured against tilting against the direction of insertion.

A correspondingly shaped or designed temperature sensor can reduce or prevent excessive wobbling within the recess.

This effect can preferably be achieved in that the temperature sensor has a measuring head in which the temperature-sensitive element is arranged and this measuring head has a form-fit area which at least partially fits into the shape of the recess.

In this context, fitting into the recess can preferably be understood to mean that a distance between the form-fit area and a wall of the recess is significantly smaller than the 0.6 mm described above. For example, a distance between a point on the wall of the recess and the form-fit area can be less than 0.1 mm.

The form-fit area is more preferably in contact with the wall of the recess at at least one point, even more preferably at more than one point.

Since the form-fit area fits into the recess at least partially in a form-fitting manner, wobbling or tilting of a measuring head or of the entire sensor in directions perpendicular to the direction of insertion can be inhibited or suppressed.

The form-fit area can preferably at least partially close the recess on the insertion side.

Even more preferably, the form-fit area can completely close the recess on the insertion side.

For example, the temperature-sensitive element can be arranged in a corresponding measuring head in such a way that it is sunk deeper into the recess than the form-fit area of the measuring head. Since the form-fit area fits positively into the recess, at least one can partially closed measuring space can be formed in the further inner part of the recess, whereby disruptive heat loss from the measuring space is reduced.

According to a further preferred aspect of the test arrangement, a holding area of the temperature sensor can rest on the insertion side, that is to say on the insertion side of the test body. Furthermore, the spring clip can grip around the test body.

This gripping can be done, for example, with a flexible area of the spring clip. Furthermore, a lower support area of the spring clip can rest on the outside of the test body. This outside of the test body can preferably be arranged approximately opposite the insertion side. By resting on it, a clamping effect can be generated between the holding area of the temperature sensor and the support area of the spring clamp.

With a corresponding arrangement, the temperature sensor can be arranged particularly efficiently and stably on the test body within the test arrangement.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a temperature sensor is described in greater detail. The temperature sensor can correspond to the temperature sensor as described above in the context of the test arrangement and, in addition to the features and advantages mentioned below, also have the features and advantages of the temperature sensor from the test arrangement.

A temperature sensor is specified, having a temperature-sensitive element in a measuring head and also having a spring clip. The measuring head and the spring clip are connected to one another in a connection area of the temperature sensor. Starting from the connection area, the measuring head extends in an insertion direction of the measuring head. Furthermore, the connection area has a bearing surface, wherein the bearing surface can correspond, for example, to the holding area described above. Furthermore, a spring part is arranged opposite the connection area. This can exert a spring effect with respect to the connection area in the direction of insertion.

A correspondingly characterized temperature sensor is well suited for efficient and simple installation in a test arrangement, as described above, for example. In particular, because the measuring head protrudes from the connection area in the direction of insertion, it can be inserted into a recess in a test body.

Such a temperature sensor thus has an advantage according to the invention.

Correspondingly, an unassembled ensemble of temperature sensor and test body, which can form a test arrangement, also has a corresponding advantage.

According to a preferred aspect, a sensor housing of the temperature sensor can be manufactured together with the spring clip as a stamped and bent part. The sensor housing of the temperature sensor can preferably be manufactured together with the spring clip as a common, one-piece stamped and bent part.

Here and in the following, the sensor housing can preferably be a casing of the sensor which, for example, encloses or houses the electronics of the sensor. It can preferably house all components except for the measuring head. In this case, the measuring head can protrude from the housing. Alternatively, an outer shell of the measuring head can also be part of the sensor housing.

Because the sensor housing is manufactured together with the spring clip as a one-piece stamped and bent part, the temperature sensor can be manufactured easily.

A stamped and bent part is particularly suitable in connection with the present invention, since the material of the stamped and bent part must have a certain flexibility and consequently must not be too elastic to allow simple deformation. This requirement can usually run counter to the requirement that a spring clip should be as elastic as possible. Because, according to the present invention, the contact pressure generated by the spring clamp only serves to prevent the temperature sensor from falling off the test body, a high elasticity of the spring is not absolutely necessary. In this way, suitable materials for punch bending can be used without any problems.

According to a further preferred aspect of the temperature sensor, the temperature-sensitive element has an NTC ceramic and a metallization.

The temperature sensor can thus preferably be an NTC temperature sensor.

According to a further preferred aspect, an outer shell of the temperature-sensitive element, which can preferably be an outer shell of the measuring head, for example, can have an absorption value for thermal radiation of greater than or equal to 0.5.

In principle, the higher the absorption value, the better the thermal connection between the measuring head and the test body. For example, an absorption value can be 0.7 or more.

The outer shell can therefore preferably have the properties of a black body at least in part. This can be achieved, for example, by a corresponding coating or a corresponding coloring or painting.

In particular, in a case in which the measuring head or the temperature-sensitive element has no direct contact with the wall of the recess of the test body, the temperature measurement can be faster and more accurate, since in addition to heat conduction and convection via the air, there is also heat radiation from the wall the recess on the sensor can also be used efficiently.

According to a further preferred aspect, the above-mentioned covers or closures of the recess can also represent a temperature shield against loss of heat radiation.

• 1 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Prüfanordnung.
• 2 zeigt einen schematischen Querschnitt des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Prüfanordnung.
• 3 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Messkopfs zum Einsatz in einem Temperatursensor in einer Prüfanordnung gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel.
• 4 zeigt einen schematischen Querschnitt des in 3 gezeigten Messkopfes.
• 5 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Prüfanordnung im schematischen Querschnitt.
• 6 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Prüfanordnung im schematischen Querschnitt.
• 7 zeigt ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Prüfanordnung im schematischen Querschnitt.
• 8 zeigt ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Prüfanordnung in schematischer Draufsicht.
• 9 zeigt das fünfte Ausführungsbeispiel der Prüfanordnung in schematischem Querschnitt.

The invention is described in more detail below using exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are shown in the following figures, which are not true to scale. Lengths as well as relative and absolute dimensions can therefore not be taken from the figures. The invention is also not restricted to the following representations.

• 1 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a test arrangement.
• 2 shows a schematic cross section of the first exemplary embodiment of the test arrangement.
• 3 shows a schematic side view of a measuring head for use in a temperature sensor in a test arrangement according to the first embodiment.
• 4th shows a schematic cross section of the in 3 shown measuring head.
• 5 shows a second embodiment of a test arrangement in schematic cross section.
• 6th shows a third embodiment of a test arrangement in schematic cross section.
• 7th shows a fourth embodiment of a test arrangement in schematic cross section.
• 8th shows a fifth embodiment of a test arrangement in a schematic plan view.
• 9 shows the fifth embodiment of the test arrangement in a schematic cross section.

1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a test arrangement in a schematic side view, the test arrangement having a temperature sensor 1 and a test piece 2 includes.

The temperature sensor 1 is due to the test body 2 at, being a hold area 11 of the temperature sensor 1 on an introductory page 3 of the test body 2 or rests on.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the test body is fixed with a spring clip 7a as a fastening device 7th . The spring clip 7a is in a connection area 12th on the sensor housing 8th of the temperature sensor arranged and engages around the test body 2 from the lead-in side 3 and lies on the side which is the insertion side 3 opposite with a support area 9 on. Thus, the spring clip acts 7a a clamping effect against the direction of insertion, i.e. in the present case between the holding area 11 and support area 9 .

The spring clip can be made of a flexible metal or a flexible plastic.

External connections lead to external contact 13th to the temperature sensor 1 there.

The test specimen shown 2 is generally not limited in any more detail. In the present exemplary embodiment, it is preferably a metallic solid which is elongated. For example, it can be a busbar of an electric motor in an electric vehicle.

Dimensions of the test body 2 are not limited in any more detail. For example, the bus bar can have a cross-sectional area of 2.5 mm to 100 mm × 5 mm to 10 mm, such as 30 mm × 5 mm, 30 mm × 10 mm, 40 mm × 10 mm, 50 mm × 10 mm, 60 mm × 10 mm, 80 mm × 10 mm, 100 mm × 10 mm. In the automotive sector, busbars can have a cross-sectional area of, for example, 2.5 mm × 9 mm.

The material of the sensor housing 8th of the sensor 1 is not limited further. It can be any metal. Alternatively, it can, for example, comprise or consist of a plastic. In addition to a plastic, the sensor housing 8th also have glass, ceramic or carbon. These additives can be mixed with the plastic.

Possible plastics for a sensor housing can be selected from polyamide, such as PA6 or PA66, polypropylene, liquid crystal polymers, polyphthalamides, silicones such as liquid silicones, and polyetheretherketone.

The length of the sensor housing, that is to say the extent in the longitudinal direction of an elongated test body, is not limited in any more detail. For typical busbars, for example, it can be between 5 and 30 mm.

2 shows a further view of the first exemplary embodiment of the test arrangement in a schematic cross section. As can be seen, the spring clips are 7a in a connection area 12th with the rest of the sensor housing 8th tied together.

From the sensor housing 8th protruding or from the inside of the sensor housing 8th there is a measuring head protruding 6th into a recess 4th in the specimen 2 sunk. The measuring head 6th is completely sunk along the insertion direction.

The measuring head 6th has an outer shell 6a on. The case 6a of the measuring head can be metallic. It can preferably have copper, aluminum or steel or consist of these materials. Regarding steel, galvanized or nickel-plated steel is preferred because of its corrosion resistance.

Alternatively, the sheath 6a have or consist of a plastic. This can, for example, be the same plastics as for the housing 8th Act. Optionally, the plastic can be mixed with an inorganic or ceramic material. This can be selected from boron nitride, aluminum nitride or carbon. These additives can increase the thermal conductivity of the plastic and thus enable rapid detection of temperature changes.

Alternatively, the sheath 6a also consist of a ceramic. This can contain, for example, the following components: aluminum, zinc, silicon, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, boron, nitrogen, oxygen and / or carbon.

In addition, the measuring head 6th or the shell 6a have an absorption value for thermal radiation of at least 0.5. More preferred is an absorption value of 0.7 or above.

This can be achieved, for example, by a dark or black coating on the cover 6a respectively.

Furthermore is in the measuring head 6th the temperature sensitive element 5 arranged, which is thus in the recess 4th is sunk. According to the first embodiment, the temperature-sensitive element 5 completely sunk into the recess.

The recess 4th has the side walls of the recess 4a on, as well as the bottom of the recess 4b . The recess 4th is thus a blind hole. The recess 4th preferably has a round cross-section, but the shape can be chosen as desired. The dimensions of the recess are not limited in any more detail. For typical busbars, the recess can have a diameter of 2 mm to 15 mm, and preferably 5 mm to 9 mm. The depth of the blind hole, that is, one dimension in the direction of insertion starting from the insertion side 3 , can be 0.5 mm to 10 mm and preferably 3 mm to 7 mm.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the measuring head has 6th or the shell 6a direct contact with the ground 4b the recess 4th . This can thus reduce the flow of heat between the test specimen 2 and measuring head 6th , or the temperature-sensitive element contained therein 5 favor.

Alternatively, the measuring head 6th or the shell 6a according to the present invention but also not touch the ground.

In the current first embodiment, there is no contact between the shell 6a of the measuring head 6th and the walls 4a the recess 4th . In principle, however, such contact can also exist within the scope of the invention.

Between the outer shell 6a of the measuring head 6th and the walls 4a there is a room 10 . In this room 10 is the distance between the outer shell 6a of the measuring head 6th preferably less than or equal to 0.6 mm. This distance is even more preferably less than or equal to 0.3 mm. The dimensions of the measuring head 6th can be adjusted accordingly to the dimensions of the recess in order to meet this distance.

In the current first embodiment, space is 10 filled with air. Alternatively, the room 10 but by a contact means, such as. B. be filled with a thermal paste. The contact means here has a greater thermal conductivity than that of the air. This allows the heat conduction to the temperature-sensitive element 5 be improved.

Alternatively, the measuring head 6th in the recess 4th also be enclosed by a potting compound, which is preferably cured in the assembled test arrangement. The potting compound can therefore take up the space 10 fill up. The hardened casting compound can increase the heat conduction. In addition, it can be used to fix the Temperature sensor 1 on the test body 2 serve in addition to or instead of other fastening devices. The potting compound can include, for example, glass, epoxy resin, ceramic, silicone, polyurethane or a combination of these substances. The potting compound can also consist of such substances or combinations thereof.

As above too 1 is described by the spring clips 7a between the holding area 11 which is on the introductory side 3 rests, and the support areas 9 the spring clips 7a given a clamping effect against the direction of insertion.

As described in the introduction, the clamping effect does not have to be so strong that slipping within the limits of the recess 4th can be prevented because within the limits of the recess 4th a temperature measurement can be largely homogeneous. In addition, the walls prevent 4a the recess 4th Slipping of the test body in a direction perpendicular to the direction of insertion beyond the limits of the recess.

Due to the flat resting area shown here 11 on the introductory side 3 , or due to the generalized precisely fitting surface, the temperature sensor can wobble or tilt 1 or the measuring head 4th inside the recess 4th or against the direction of insertion.

In the 3 and 4th is the measuring head 6th how it can be used, for example, according to the first exemplary embodiment or can be installed in this, both in a schematic side view in FIG 3 as well as in the schematic cross section in 4th shown. The measuring head 6th has a shell 6a on which prefers the temperature-sensitive element 5 completely encloses and thus protects. From the temperature-sensitive element 5 lead internal contact elements 14th away. These can be routed in the test arrangement inside the sensor housing as part of the electronics and are preferably in direct or indirect electrical contact with the external connections shown above 13th .

5 shows a second embodiment of a test arrangement in schematic cross section.

The test body 2 in the test arrangement can largely correspond to that according to the first exemplary embodiment, the test body 2 as a recess 4th here a through opening starting from the insertion side 3 of the test body 2 has through to an opposite side. The temperature sensor 1 can also largely have the features as described for the first exemplary embodiment.

In contrast to the first embodiment, the temperature sensor 1 however, no spring clips are arranged for fastening and fixing, but rather the fastening device in the present exemplary embodiment is a cable tie 7b .

In principle, spring clips can also be used in addition to cable ties 7b be mounted.

Here is the cable tie 7b around the longitudinal axis of the test specimen 2 looped around or tightened.

The cable tie 7b causes a certain contact pressure of the temperature sensor on the test body and thus the fixation of the measuring head 6th in the recess 4th and prevents the test arrangement from falling apart against the direction in which the measuring head is pushed in 6th into the recess 4th .

Furthermore, the measuring head 6th Compared to the first exemplary embodiment, a form-fit area 6b on. This form fit area 6b here preferably has a shape complementary to the recess and fits snugly into the shape of the recess. A distance from the outer shell of the measuring head 6th in the form-fit area 6b to at least one side wall 4a or preferably to all side walls 4a is significantly less than the above-mentioned 0.6 mm, which otherwise can preferably be present as a space between the measuring head and the wall. For example, the distance can be less than 0.1 mm. Even more preferably, the form-fit area fits tightly into the recess within the technically feasible accuracy, without creating a gap between the shell 6a in the form-fit area 6b and wall 4a remains.

The form fit area 6b secures the measuring head 6th and the entire sensor 1 against tilting or slipping, even within the limits of the recess 4th . The form-fit area also closes 6b in the current embodiment, the recess on the side of the insertion side 3 at least partially and preferably completely.

In the current exemplary embodiment, there is a temperature-sensitive element in the measuring head 6th arranged, wherein it is preferred that this is below the form-fit area 6b , that means lying further inside, starting from the insertion side 3 in the measuring head 6th is arranged as the form-fit area 6b .

6th shows a third embodiment of the test arrangement according to the invention in a schematic cross section.

All features of the third exemplary embodiment can correspond to those of the second exemplary embodiment, with the exception of the fastening device. In the present embodiment, the fastening device is a single spring clip 7a . This comes from a connection area 12th in which they are attached to the sensor housing 8th is arranged and from which the measuring head 6th extends in the direction of insertion. The spring clip 7a encompasses the test body from this point 2 up to that of the lead-in side 3 opposite side. So the clamping effect between the holding area 11 , so an area in which the sensor housing 8th on the introductory side 3 and a support area 9 the spring clip 7a generated.

Furthermore is the spring clip 7a in an area in which contact with the opening of the recess 4th on the lead-in side 3 opposite side is formed so that the spring clip 7a a closure part 9a has, or forms, which the opening of the recess 4th at least partially covered or this preferably closes. That is, the shape of the closure part 9a is preferably adapted to the shape of the immediate vicinity of the opening. For a flat environment is the closure part 9a therefore preferably also formed flat. Thus, the heat dissipation in this direction is inhibited or prevented.

The closure part is preferred 9a in extension or connection of the support area 9 educated. In the current embodiment, the support area 9 over much of the lead-in side 3 opposite surface formed.

The individual spring clamp also has the advantage that the test body 2 does not have to be accessible from all sides around the temperature sensor 1 to attach. For example, access is only from the lead-in side 3 and the side of the specimen 2 which from the spring clip 7a spanned is required. The opposite side can remain completely inaccessible. The one on the introductory side 3 opposite side should be at least partially accessible to the support area 9 to place on the test body.

7th shows a fourth embodiment of the test arrangement according to the invention in a schematic cross section. With the exception of the following features, this corresponds to the test arrangement as described in 2 was shown.

In contrast to the in 2 The first embodiment shown here is the recess 4th as a continuous opening between the insertion side 3 and the opposite side of the specimen 2 educated. As shown in the third exemplary embodiment, it is fastened using spring clips 7a , realized here by two spring clips 7a . One of those spring clips 7a is designed similar or the same as the spring clip in the first embodiment. The other spring clip 7a is designed similarly to that in the third embodiment. It not only secures the measuring head 6th and the temperature-sensitive element contained therein 5 movement and falling out of the recess 4th against the direction of insertion, but closes with a closure part 9a also the continuous recess on the side which is the insertion side 3 opposite.

In 8th a schematic plan view of a fifth embodiment of a test arrangement is shown. The fifth exemplary embodiment can in principle have the properties of the first or the further exemplary embodiments.

The special feature of the fifth embodiment is that the spring clips shown 7a together with the sensor housing 8th are manufactured as a single common stamped and bent part.

The spring clips preferably have 7a Openings which, as in the example shown, can be largely rectangular, for example. In this way, the weight of the entire component can be reduced.

In 9 FIG. 13 is a schematic cross section of the fifth embodiment as shown in FIG 8th was shown. As can be seen, according to the fifth exemplary embodiment, the entire sensor housing 8th of the sensor 1 as a measuring head 6th be formed, which extends from a connection area 12th , which is the sensor housing 8th with the spring clip 7a connects, extends from in the direction of insertion. That is, the one closer to the test specimen 2 or the recess 4th located part of the sensor housing 8th represents the measuring head 6th further is the measuring head 6th and a temperature-sensitive element (not shown) contained therein is only partially sunk into the recess.

The measuring head indicates otherwise in the previous examples 6th also the property that the shell 6a of the measuring head 6th Contact with both the ground 4b as well as with the walls 4a the recess 4th Has. This full direct contact with all available inner surfaces of the recess 4th can improve a temperature transfer and a faster detection of temperature changes of the test body 2 make possible.

List of reference symbols

1

Temperature sensor

2

Test specimen

3

Introductory page

4th

Recess

4a

Walls of the recess

4b

Bottom of the recess

5

temperature sensitive element

6th

Measuring head

6a

Cover of the measuring head

6b

Form fit area

7th

Fastening device

7a

Spring clip

7b

cable ties

8th

Sensor housing

9

Support area

9a

Locking part

10

space

11

Holding area

12th

Connection area

13th

external connections

14th

internal contact elements

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• US 10436648 B2 [0003]
• DE 102017222543 [0003]
• DE 202020101413 U1 [0003]
• EP 2830179 A2 [0003]

Claims (19)

Test arrangement, comprising a test body (2) and a temperature sensor (1) for measuring its temperature, the test body (2) having a recess (4) open towards its insertion side (3) and wherein a temperature-sensitive element (5) of the temperature sensor ( 1) is at least partially sunk by being pushed into the recess (4). Test arrangement according to Claim 1 , wherein the temperature-sensitive element (5) is completely sunk into the recess (4). Test arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2 which contains a fastening device (7) for fixing the temperature sensor (1) for movements against a direction of insertion. Test arrangement according to Claim 3 wherein the fastening device (7) comprises a spring clip (7a). Test arrangement according to Claim 3 , wherein the fastening device (7) comprises a cable tie (7b). Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the recess (4) is a blind hole. Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the recess (4) next to the insertion side (3) has a further opening on an outside of the test body (2) which is covered by a closure part (9a) of the temperature sensor. Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 7th , the temperature sensor (1) at least partially covering the recess (4) on the insertion side (3) of the test body (2). Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 8th , wherein a contact means, which has a better thermal conductivity than air, fills a space (10) between the outside of the temperature-sensitive element and the walls (4a) of the recess (4). Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 9 , wherein a space (10) between the measuring head (6) and the walls (4a) of the recess (4) is at least partially filled with a potting compound. Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 10 , the distance between the outside of the temperature-sensitive element (5) and a point on the side wall of the recess being a maximum of 0.6 mm. Test arrangement according to one of the Claims 1 until 11 , wherein the temperature sensor (1) is shaped so that it is secured against tilting against the direction of insertion. Test arrangement according to Claim 12 , wherein a measuring head (6) in which the temperature-sensitive element (5) is arranged has a form-fit area (6b) which at least partially fits into the shape of the recess (4). Test arrangement according to Claim 13 , wherein the form-fit area (6b) partially closes the recess on the insertion side (3). Test arrangement according to Claim 4 , whereby a holding area (11) of the temperature sensor (1) rests on the insertion side on the test body (1), the spring clip (7a) engages around the test body (1) and by placing a support area (9) of the spring clip (7a) on an outside of the test body creates a clamping effect between the holding area (11) and the support area (9). Temperature sensor (1), comprising a temperature-sensitive element (5) in a measuring head (6) and a spring clip (7a), which are connected to one another in a connection area (12), the measuring head (6) starting from the connection area (12) in an insertion direction of the measuring head (6), the connection area (12) having a bearing surface, and a spring part being arranged opposite the connection area, which can exert a spring effect with respect to the connection area (12) in the insertion direction. Temperature sensor (1) Claim 16 , having a sensor housing (8) which is manufactured together with the spring clip (7a) as a stamped and bent part. Temperature sensor (1) Claim 16 or 17th , wherein the temperature-sensitive element (5) has an NTC ceramic and a metallization. Temperature sensor according to one of the Claims 16 until 18th , wherein an outer shell of the temperature-sensitive element (5) has an absorption value for thermal radiation of less than 0.5.

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