DE202021004187U1 - Motor vehicle luminous glazing and motor vehicle with such luminous glazing - Google Patents

Abstract

Luminous glazing for a motor vehicle, comprising:
- laminated glazing, preferably curved, comprising:
- a first glass pane (2) made of mineral or organic glass with two main sides (22, 21), in particular the first side facing towards the outside of the vehicle and even being the outside;
- a composite intermediate layer (5) made of polymeric, preferably thermoplastic material;
- a second glass pane (1) made of mineral or organic glass with a third and a fourth main face (12, 11), in particular the fourth face facing the interior of the vehicle and even being the inside; the second and third major sides facing the composite interlayer; wherein at least one of the first and second panes of glass is mineral glass;
- a light source (3) optically coupled to a light guide which is one of the first and second glass panes or the composite interlayer,
- means for extracting the guided light, the light extraction means comprising a diffusing layer (7) containing diffusing elements in a matrix forming at least a first diffusing area with a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first fixed diffusing area and/or comprising an array interrupted motifs, characterized in that the diffusing layer is provided between the first and second panes of glass, the diffusing layer is a transparent coating and the matrix is organic and transparent.

Description

The present invention relates to luminous (or "illuminating") motor vehicle glazing, in particular motor vehicle glazing with light-emitting diodes.

Recently, light-emitting diodes or LEDs have been used to illuminate signal systems (traffic lights,...), indicators or position lights in motor vehicles. The advantages of diodes are their long lifespan, luminous efficiency, robustness, low energy consumption and compact design, which means that the devices that use them last longer and require less maintenance.

Light-emitting diodes are also increasingly being used for car roofs, in particular for panoramic composite roofs with light-emitting diode lighting, as in the document WO2010049638 described. The light emitted by the diodes is directed from the edge into the inner glazing forming a guide, the light from the glazing being directed onto the glazing through a transparent diffusing layer, the surface of which defines the light pattern, e.g. B. an enameled solid surface that contains scattering dielectric particles. The scattering layer is too visible to the user when switched off ("off"). The luminous glazing then looks very cloudy and even mostly opaque in the area of the scattering layer.

The object of the present invention was therefore to develop a new luminous motor vehicle glazing, in particular with light-emitting diodes, in which the transparency is better retained when switched off and the luminance of this glazing when switched on does not affect it too much and preferably meets the requirements of the industry (simplicity, uncomplicated and fast production, reliability, ...).

• - eine Verbundverglasung (vorzugsweise mit einer äußeren Hauptseite, hier als Seite F1 bezeichnet, und einer inneren Hauptseite, hier als Seite F4 bezeichnet), die umfasst:
  • - eine erste (gebogene) Glasscheibe aus mineralischem oder organischem Glas, wobei die erste (transparente) Glasscheibe eine erste Hauptseite, eine zweite sogar gehärtete (unbeschichtete oder schon beschichtete gebogene) Hauptseite umfasst, insbesondere die erste Seite, die zur Außenseite des Fahrzeugs hin weist und sogar die Außenfläche ist (häufig als Seite F1 bezeichnet), erste, gegebenenfalls getönte Scheibe mit einer Dicke - vorzugsweise für eine Autoverglasung - von höchstens 2,5 mm, sogar von höchstens 2,2 mm - insbesondere 1,9 mm, 1,8 mm, 1,6 mm und 1,4 mm - oder sogar von höchstens 1,3 mm oder höchstens 1 mm;
• - eine Verbundzwischenschicht aus polymerem, vorzugsweise thermoplastischem Material, eine insbesondere getönte Zwischenschicht, insbesondere mit einer Dicke im Millimeterbereich;
  • - eine zweite (gebogene) Glasscheibe aus mineralischem oder organischem Glas, insbesondere aus klarem oder extraklarem Glas, insbesondere mit einer Dicke von höchstens 2,1 mm, insbesondere die vierte Seite, die zum Innenraum des Fahrzeugs hin weist, und selbst sogar die Innenseite ist (so genannte Seite F4), mit einer Dicke, die vorzugsweise geringer ist als die der ersten Glasscheibe, sogar höchstens 2,2 mm - insbesondere 1,9 mm, 1,8 mm, 1,6 mm und 1,4 mm - oder sogar höchstens 1,3 mm oder höchstens 1 mm, wobei die Gesamtdicke der ersten und zweiten Glasscheibe vorzugsweise in jedem Fall unter 4 mm, sogar unter 3,7 mm liegt;

wobei die zweite und dritte Hauptseite der Verbundzwischenschicht zugewandt sind; wobei mindestens eine (und vorzugsweise beide) der ersten und zweiten Scheibe aus Mineralglas besteht und vorzugsweise mindestens die nach außen gewandte oder sogar selbst die äußere Scheibe ist,
die leuchtende Verglasung eine eventuell dritte (insbesondere gebogene) Scheibe aus Mineral- oder organischem Glas mit zwei Hauptflächen, einer fünften und einer sechsten Hauptseite umfasst, die insbesondere durch eine weitere Verbundzwischenschicht (Doppelverbund) oder ein beliebiges anderes Mittel mit der Verbundverglasung (auf der Seite der ersten oder vierten Seite) verbunden ist;

• - eine (sichtbare) Lichtquelle, vorzugsweise eine Reihe von Leuchtdioden (auf einem ersten gedruckten Schaltungsträger wie einer Leiterplatte = „printed circuit board“ = PCB in Englisch), insbesondere eine Leiste, oder eine Lichtquelle, die eine extrahierende optische Faser enthält, die mit einer primären Lichtquelle (Leuchtdiode(n) usw.) gekoppelt ist, wobei die Lichtquelle optisch mit einem (im sichtbaren Bereich transparenten) Lichtleiter gekoppelt ist, bei dem es sich um eine der ersten und zweiten Glasscheibe, insbesondere aus klarem oder extraklarem Glas, (und/) oder die insbesondere farblose Zwischenverbundschicht handelt,
• - Mittel zur Lichtextraktion aus dem geleiteten Licht, die eine Streuschicht mit streuenden Elementen in einer Matrix umfassen (oder sogar daraus bestehen), um einen (im eingeschalteten Zustand leuchtenden) Streubereich mit einer Breite von mindestens 0,5 mm oder mindestens 1 mm oder sogar mindestens 1 cm und sogar mindestens 5 cm zu bilden (wobei die Breite natürlich von der Dicke zu unterscheiden ist), erster fester Bereich und/oder umfassend eine Reihe unterbrochener Motive (diskret, punktförmig (3D)), die beispielsweise geometrisch, linear (2D), insbesondere verschieden oder gleich sind, angeordnet in einem Abstand von beispielsweise mindestens 0,5 mm), wobei der Streubereich eine Fläche mit einer Länge von vorzugsweise mehr als 5 cm und sogar mehr als 10 cm ausmachen kann.

To this end, the subject of the present invention is luminous glazing (preferably a roof) for a motor vehicle, comprising:

• - a laminated glazing unit (preferably having an outer major face, hereinafter referred to as side F1, and an inner major face, hereinafter referred to as side F4) comprising:
  • - a first (curved) glass sheet made of mineral or organic glass, the first (transparent) glass sheet comprising a first main face, a second main face even tempered (uncoated or already coated curved), in particular the first face facing the outside of the vehicle and even the outer surface is (often referred to as side F1), first pane, optionally tinted, with a thickness - preferably for car glazing - of at most 2.5 mm, even at most 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1, 8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm;
• - a composite interlayer made of polymeric, preferably thermoplastic material, an interlayer in particular tinted, in particular with a thickness in the millimeter range;
  • - a second (curved) sheet of mineral or organic glass, in particular clear or extra-clear glass, in particular with a maximum thickness of 2.1 mm, in particular the fourth side facing the interior of the vehicle, and even the inner side (so-called face F4), with a thickness preferably less than that of the first sheet of glass, even at most 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm, the total thickness of the first and second panes of glass preferably being in each case below 4 mm, even below 3.7 mm;

the second and third major sides facing the composite interlayer; wherein at least one (and preferably both) of the first and second panes consists of mineral glass and preferably at least the outward-facing or even the outer pane is,
the luminous glazing comprises a possible third (particularly curved) pane of mineral or organic glass with two main faces, a fifth and a sixth main face, bonded in particular by another interlayer of laminate (double laminate) or any other means to the laminated glazing (on the side the first or fourth side);

• - A (visible) light source, preferably a series of light-emitting diodes (on a first printed circuit board such as a printed circuit board = "printed circuit board" = PCB in English), in particular a bar, or a light source containing an extracting optical fiber that with a primary light source (light emitting diode(s), etc.), the light source being optically coupled to a light guide (transparent in the visible range) which is one of the first and second panes of glass, in particular clear or extra-clear glass, ( and/) or the in particular colorless intermediate composite layer,
• - Means for light extraction from the guided light, comprising a scattering layer with scattering elements in a matrix (or even consist of it) to form a scattering area (luminous when switched on) with a width of at least 0.5 mm, or at least 1 mm, or even at least 1 cm and even at least 5 cm (where width is of course to be distinguished from thickness) , first fixed area and/or comprising a series of discontinuous patterns (discrete, punctiform (3D)), e.g. geometric, linear (2D), in particular different or identical, arranged at a distance of e.g. at least 0.5 mm), wherein the scattering area can cover an area with a length of preferably more than 5 cm and even more than 10 cm.

The diffusing layer is provided between the first and second panes of glass, in particular in contact with the composite interlayer, and the diffusing layer is a transparent coating, the matrix being organic and transparent.

A prior art solution with diffusing layers to preserve the view through the pane - giving it an overall transparency - would consist of a greatly reduced density of the diffusing areas, typically reticulated with dots of appropriate size and spacing. In this way, most of the rays crossing the pane would be scattered to a lesser extent, at the expense of luminance.

The transparent coating according to the invention can be both a solid layer and a network of patterns with greater freedom in dimensioning.

The transparent coating is inside the laminated glazing, so it is protected from the external environment (abrasion, dirt), and the laminated glazing retains the perfectly smooth appearance of glazing without a diffusing layer.

The transparent coating is advantageously provided on a main face of the composite interlayer, directly or on a primary sub-layer, in particular of silane, preferably with a thickness of at most 1 µm or even at most 200 nm. The other main face of the composite interlayer (in adhesive contact with a glass pane) can be coated or be uncoated. In particular, the transparent coating is in optical contact with the third main face, and the light guide is preferably the second, particularly inner pane (inner face F4 or even F6 in the case of a double bond with the third pane) or the intermediate bond layer.

The transparent coating can take up at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% of the main side of the composite intermediate layer and preferably be spaced at least 20mm from the optical coupling (edge or perforated wall, in particular through-hole of the light guide, in particular the second glass pane).

It may be desired that the luminous area should be visible inside the vehicle interior (particularly in the case of a roof or signalling, information for the driver or any other passengers) and/or outside (signalling, etc.).

The optical guide can in particular be the first or second (especially mineral) glass pane, which is in particular optically coupled by its edge or a preferably continuous hole in the optical guide. The transparent coating may be provided in optical contact with the third major face and on the composite interlayer. The through hole preferably does not extend into the bonded interface layer.

The optical guide can be preferably the second sheet of glass with the transparent coating on the side of the third main face (in optical contact with the third main face) and even on the composite interlayer and the fourth side that is the inside and even the first side that the outer surface is.

The optical guide can even be the second pane of glass, in particular the fourth side is the inside on the side of the vehicle interior, which is in particular optically coupled to the light source (diodes) by an edge or a preferably through hole in the optical guide, in particular made of clear or extra clear mineral glass and the first side is preferably the outer surface on the outside which may be tinted.

For the sake of simplicity, a single bond may be preferred to a double bond.

The glazing can include several light sources, in particular with LEDs. Several light sources are of course conceivable (one or more rows of LEDs) coupled to the optical conductor (the second pane of glass, in particular the innermost one) or also to several optical conductors.

The (first) transparent coating can be applied to a main side FA of the intermediate composite layer and a further, preferably transparent coating on the side FB, which ent opposite side FA, opposite or offset to the first coating.

The luminous glazing can comprise several areas of diffusion with the transparent coating of the same or different size and/or shape. Depending on the lighting or effect desired, the transparent coating can therefore cover part or all of the laminated glazing (in the form of strips arranged on the perimeter of one of the sides to form a luminous frame, logos or designs, etc.).

Said transparent coating can be provided in several places, e.g. B. each with the same or different, continuous or interrupted patterns, and can have any geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.), and it can contain a pattern, an indicator (arrow, letters ...) form.

The luminous glazing can have multiple light extraction areas (diffusing layers) to form multiple luminous areas on the glazing.

In particular, the luminous glazing comprises another transparent and diffusing coating comprising diffusing elements (preferably particles) in an organic matrix (preferably resin) and contiguous to the transparent coating, in particular on the intermediate composite layer (directly or under the primary layer), used in particular for third main page (and the second, especially mineral glass pane is the light guide). The glazing is in particular a roof.

In particular, the further transparent coating has a clarity L* and/or a blurring and/or a light extraction, in particular a luminance, which differs from that/those of the transparent coating.

In particular, the laminated glazing retains integrity even when the transparent coating (alone or together with another transparent coating) occupies all or virtually all of the main face of the interlayer.

The thickness of the transparent coating can be at most 20 µm and even at most 10 µm and even at least 1 µm.

The transparent matrix applied in particular using the wet process can consist of a material selected from the group of polymeric binders such as a paint, in particular a lacquer, and a resin. In particular, the transparent matrix can consist essentially of resin, in particular PVB resin.

In particular, the transparent coating can comprise resin and even consist essentially of this, in particular PVB resin, and scattering elements, in particular scattering particles, particularly with a size of at least 50 nm, 80 nm or 100 nm and preferably at most 30 μm or 10 μm or 1 μm.

The scattering elements preferably comprise and even consist of particles (dielectric, organic or inorganic particles, e.g. metal oxides) which are scattered and bound in the matrix (resin) and have a size of at most 30 μm or at most 10 μm. The particles are selected, for example, from the group consisting of TiO ₂ , SiO ₂ , CaCO ₃ , ZnO, Al ₂ O ₃ , ZrO ₂ .

The transparent, scattering coating can essentially consist of the resin and the scattering elements mentioned (particles and/or pores, etc.), in particular particles. The resin can be chemically compatible with the composite interlayer, which is, for example, a PVB. The resin may be a PVB resin with the intermediate bonded layer being a PVB.

The transparent diffusing coating may comprise the resin or consist essentially of the resin and the diffusing elements, which are particles. An agent for changing the surface tension and/or the rheology and/or a plasticizer can be admixed as additive(s). The transparent, scattering coating is preferably free of pigments or at least contains such a small amount that the transparency is not reduced and/or the blurring is/are not significantly increased.

• - 80% bis 99% und sogar 90% bis 99%, auf die Masse bezogen, Harz, insbesondere PVB-Harz,
• - 0,05 bis 20% und sogar 0,05 bis 10% oder 5%, auf die Masse bezogen, an Streupartikeln,
• - eventuell einen oder mehrere der folgenden Zusatzstoffe:
• - einen Stoff, der die Oberflächenspannung und/oder Rheologie verändert, und davon insbesondere 0,1 bis 5%, auf die Masse bezogen,
• - und/oder Weichmacher, insbesondere weniger als 10% oder 5%, auf die Masse bezogen.

For example, the transparent scattering coating has the following composition, which contains or consists of the following ingredients:

• - 80% to 99% and even 90% to 99% by mass of resin, in particular PVB resin,
• - 0.05 to 20% and even 0.05 to 10% or 5% by mass of scattering particles,
• - possibly one or more of the following additives:
• - a substance that alters the surface tension and/or rheology, and in particular from 0.1 to 5% by mass,
• - and/or plasticizers, in particular less than 10% or 5% by mass.

• - frei von einzelnen Partikeln mit größeren Abmessungen (und sogar vorzugsweise mittleren Abmessungen) von mindestens 400 µm (und sogar mindestens 200 µm) oder zumindest in einer ausreichend geringen Menge, um die Unschärfe nicht wesentlich zu erhöhen, und sogar von mindestens 50 µm oder 30 µm oder 10 µm, um die Herstellung insbesondere durch Siebdruck zu erleichtern,
• - und/oder frei von Partikeln mit einer größten Abmessung von mindestens 400 µm (und sogar mindestens 200 µm) oder zumindest in einer ausreichend geringen Menge, um die Unschärfe nicht wesentlich zu erhöhen, und sogar von mindestens 50 µm oder 30 µm oder 10 µm, um die Herstellung insbesondere durch Siebdruck zu erleichtern.

The transparent diffusing coating is:

• - free from single particles with larger dimensions (and even preferably mean dimensions) of at least 400 µm (and even at least 200 µm) or at least in a sufficiently small amount not to increase the blurring significantly, and even at least 50 µm or 30 µm or 10 µm to facilitate manufacture, in particular by screen printing,
• - and/or free from particles with a maximum dimension of at least 400 µm (and even at least 200 µm) or at least in a quantity small enough not to significantly increase blurring and even at least 50 µm or 30 µm or 10 µm to facilitate manufacture, in particular by screen printing.

The transparent coating should be as invisible and unobtrusive as possible. Our visual perception can clearly distinguish between two different phenomena: scattering at small angles and scattering over a larger angular range.

The light is scattered evenly in all directions. This weakens the contrast and creates a dull and lackluster-looking image. The ASTMD 1003 standard defines haze or blur as the amount of light that deviates by more than 2.5° on average from the incident light beam - expressed as a percentage.

The light is scattered in a narrow angle with high concentration. This effect describes very well how very fine details can be seen through the pattern. The quality of the image sharpness (clarity) must be determined at an angle of less than 2.5 degrees.

Blur and image sharpness are preferably measured using a hazemeter (such as the BYK-Gardner Haze-Gard Plus) preferably according to the ASTM D1003 standard (without compensation) or alternatively according to the ISO 13468 standard (with compensation).

• - beträgt die Unschärfe der Verbundverglasung mit der transparenten streuenden Beschichtung im ausgeschalteten Zustand höchstens 30% und besser höchstens 20%, 15% oder sogar 10%,
• - und/oder beträgt die Bildschärfe der Verbundverglasung mit der transparenten streuenden Beschichtung im ausgeschalteten Zustand mindestens 90% und besser mindestens 95% oder 97%,
• - und/oder beträgt die relative Abweichung zwischen der Lichtdurchlässigkeit TL0 im ausgeschalteten Zustand der Verbundverglasung ohne transparente Beschichtung und der Lichtdurchlässigkeit TL1 mit transparenter Beschichtung, also ((TL0-TL1)/TL0)*100 höchstens 10% oder sogar höchstens 5% oder höchstens 2%,
• - beträgt die Lichtdurchlässigkeit im ausgeschalteten Zustand der Verbundverglasung eventuell (bei farblosen Schichten und farbloser Zwischenschicht) mit transparenter Beschichtung mindestens 75%, 80% und noch besser mindestens 85%.

Preferably:

• - the unsharpness of the laminated glazing with the transparent diffusing coating when switched off is at most 30% and better at most 20%, 15% or even 10%,
• - and/or the image sharpness of the laminated glazing with the transparent diffusing coating is at least 90% and better at least 95% or 97% when switched off,
• - and/or is the relative deviation between the light transmittance TL0 in switched-off state of the laminated glazing without a transparent coating and the light transmittance TL1 with a transparent coating, i.e. ((TL0-TL1)/TL0)*100, at most 10% or even at most 5% or at most 2%,
• - the light transmittance when switched off of the laminated glazing (in the case of colorless layers and colorless intermediate layer) with a transparent coating is at least 75%, 80% and even better at least 85%.

The scattered enamel solutions currently available have a blur of over 80%.

It can be assumed that the unsharpness in the switched-off state of the laminated glazing without a diffusing coating is preferably at most 5% or at most 2%.

A clear or even extra-clear mineral glass pane with an inner main face (e.g. for a roof, a windscreen, a side window) is preferably chosen as the light guide.

Also, it is preferable to choose a composite interlayer with as little blurring as possible, i. H. with a maximum of 1.5% and even a maximum of 1%.

The transparent coating should be as little visible as possible and as unobtrusive as possible, preferably with a clear or extra-clear glass pane as the light guide, although a further glass pane and/or the intermediate layer may be tinted.

• - beträgt der Unterschied (in absoluten Werten) zwischen a1* (mit der besagten transparenten Beschichtung) und a2* (ohne die besagte transparente Beschichtung) höchstens 8 und sogar höchstens 5 und/oder liegt a1* unter 5 oder 2,
• - und/oder beträgt der Unterschied (in absoluten Werten) zwischen b1* (mit der besagten transparenten Beschichtung) und b2* (ohne die besagte transparente Beschichtung) höchstens 8 und sogar höchstens 5 und/oder liegt b1* unter 5 oder 2.

Preferably, there is no appreciable colorimetric difference between laminated glass with and without a transparent coating. Preferably:

• - the difference (in absolute values) between a1* (with said transparent coating) and a2* (without said transparent coating) is at most 8 and even at most 5 and/or a1* is less than 5 or 2,
• - and/or the difference (in absolute values) between b1* (with said transparent coating) and b2* (without said transparent coating) is at most 8 and even at most 5 and/or b1* is less than 5 or 2.

The clarity L1* with transparent coating can also preferably be at most 30 and even at most 20.

And preferably, the luminance of the laminated glazing in the diffuse area is at least 10cd/m ² and even at least 50cd/m ² or 100cd/m ² .

Preferably, the scattering layer comprises at least two transparent patterns (2D e.g. lines or 3D) each having a width of at least 0.5mm and spaced at least 20cm apart, for example one of the transparent patterns is at least 10cm from the light source (or the optical coupling itself ) away, and for example the other of the two transparent patterns is at least 30cm away from the (same) light source (or the optical coupling itself). In order to ensure homogeneity, the (relative) difference in luminance between the two transparent patterns is preferably at most 25% and even at most 15%.

Preferably, the diffusing layer comprises at least two transparent patterns (2D e.g. lines or 3D) each having a width of at least 0.5mm and spaced at least 40cm apart, e.g. one of the transparent patterns is at least 10cm from the light source (or the optical coupling itself ) away, and for example the other of the two transparent patterns is at least 50cm away from the (same) light source (or the optical coupling itself). In order to ensure homogeneity, the (relative) difference in luminance between the two transparent patterns is preferably at most 35% and even at most 30% or 25%.

The composite interlayer may also be tinted (and then preferably is not the optical guide), such as gray or green. The composite interlayer (PVB) may be clear and tinted in an area such as an edge stripe (tinted PVB stripe). In the case of a windshield, for example, this is a strip along the upper longitudinal edge. The optical coupling preferably occurs at an edge other than the edge with the tinted stripe. For example, you choose the lower longitudinal edge for a windshield, preferably on the driver's side.

The composite interlayer can be at least one plastic film which is transparent (preferably made of PVB or (soft) PU or made of a thermoplastic material without plasticizer (ethylene copolymer/vinyl acetate (EVA) etc.), each film having a thickness of 0.2mm, for example up to 1.1mm, in particular 0.38mm to 0.76mm.

The composite interlayer can be acoustic and in particular can contain or consist of an acoustic PVB (three-layer, four-layer...). The composite intermediate layer can thus comprise at least one so-called middle layer made of viscoelastic plastic with vibroacoustic damping properties, in particular based on polyvinyl butyral and plasticizer, and the intermediate layer, further comprising two outer layers made of standard PVB, with the middle layer being located between the two outer layers. Here are those in the patent applications WO2012/025685 , WO2013/175101 cited acoustic PVBs described, specifically tinted as in the document WO2015079159 described.

The composite interlayer may be or comprise a poly(vinyl butyral)-based (PVB)-based film containing less than 15%, preferably less than 10%, and more preferably less than 5%, plasticizer by weight, more preferably no plasticizer contains no plasticizers and in particular has a thickness of at most 0.15 mm, in particular 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm and even 50 μm, for example the product Kuraray Mowital®.

The second pane of glass can be made of organic (preferably rigid, semi-rigid) glass such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) preferably with a composite interlayer (PU) - a polycarbonate (PC) - preferably with a PVB composite interlayer.

• - Mineralglas / (akustisches etc.) PVB / Mineralglas,
• - und sogar Mineralglas / Verbundzwischenschicht / Polycarbonat,
• - oder auch Polycarbonat (dick oder nicht dick) / Verbundzwischenschicht / Mineralglas.

In particular, the following can be selected as the first glass pane/composite intermediate layer/second glass pane:

• - mineral glass / (acoustic etc.) PVB / mineral glass,
• - and even mineral glass / composite interlayer / polycarbonate,
• - or also polycarbonate (thick or not thick) / composite interlayer / mineral glass.

In the present application motor vehicle means a car, in particular a commercial vehicle (a van, a minibus, a courier service vehicle) under 3.5 tons (light truck) or a truck or shuttle bus, small public or private transport vehicle. The side glazing can be provided in the sliding doors. The luminous glazing can be located in a back door.

In particular, the luminous glazing forms a windshield, a roof or side glazing (including front and rear side windows).

• - ist die Verbundzwischenschicht ein PVB (insbesondere akustisches PVB), insbesondere klar oder getönt,
• - sind die erste und zweite Glasscheibe gebogen und aus Mineralglas, ist die zweite Glasscheibe klar oder extraklar und ist die erste Glasscheibe getönt oder klar.

Preferably:

• - the composite interlayer is a PVB (in particular acoustic PVB), in particular clear or tinted,
• - if the first and second panes are curved and made of mineral glass, the second pane is clear or extra-clear and the first pane is tinted or clear.

The fourth main face (particularly the inner side on the passenger compartment side) can be a light-tight layer (e.g. an enamel layer on the second inner mineral glass pane or a light-tight layer printed in particular on the composite intermediate layer) in a given, so-called masking area, in particular an edge area . The light source can be accommodated in a through hole of the second glass pane, which is located in the so-called masking area. Preferably the hole does not extend into the composite interlayer and first pane.

The second main face (particularly the inner side on the passenger compartment side) can be an opaque layer (e.g. an enamel layer on the first outer mineral glass pane or an opaque layer, in particular printed on the composite intermediate layer) in a given, so-called masking area, in particular an edge area .

In one embodiment, the light source, in particular LEDs, can be optically coupled to the edge of the light guide, in particular the second glass pane (which forms the inner pane). The edge, corner or edge of one side of the second sheet of glass may have an indentation into which the light source is positioned. For example, the second sheet of glass can be cut (before or after bending).

The light source, particularly LEDs, can even be within a perimeter polymeric encapsulation, as in the application WO2010049638 especially in 15 or 16 to see. The encapsulation can consist of polyurethane, in particular PU-Rim (reaction in mold), the crosslinking of the two-component PU taking place in the mold after simultaneous injection of the two components. The encapsulation (with or without a light source) extends along the edge of the laminated glazing and from at least one edge of the inner main face (particularly face F4). The encapsulation can be of any shape, with or without a lip, two-sided or three-sided.

The first sheet of glass, in particular a sheet of mineral glass, can be pierced by a through-hole delimited by an inner edge, and the light source is housed in the through-hole opposite the inner edge, in particular one or more light-emitting diodes with an emission face opposite the inner edge. The first pane of glass forms the optical conductor. The first sheet of glass, in particular a sheet of mineral glass, may be pierced by a plurality of through-holes, each delimited by an inner edge, and the light source is housed in each through-hole opposite the inner edge, in particular one or more light-emitting diodes with an emission face opposite the inner edge. The first pane of glass forms the optical conductor.

The second sheet of glass, in particular a sheet of mineral glass, can be pierced by a through hole delimited by an inner edge, and the light source is housed in the through hole opposite the inner edge, in particular one or more light-emitting diodes with an emission face opposite the inner edge. The second pane of glass forms the optical conductor. The second sheet of glass, in particular a sheet of mineral glass, may be pierced by a plurality of through-holes, each delimited by an inner edge, and the light source is housed in each through-hole opposite the inner edge, in particular one or more light-emitting diodes with an emission face opposite the inner edge. The second pane of glass forms the optical conductor.

The transparent coating can form a scattering area and even several (transparent) scattering areas arranged over the entire surface of the laminated glazing located between the individual holes. Particularly advantageously, it is in the form of a pattern with central symmetry, the center of symmetry of this pattern preferably being superimposed on the center of symmetry of the assembly formed by the various through holes, or alternatively in the form of a pattern with axial symmetry, the axis of symmetry preferably coinciding with an axis of symmetry of the is superimposed on the unit formed by the various through-holes.

The superimposition of the symmetry centers is not only a very good solution from an aesthetic point of view, but also contributes to a uniform light density.

The power supply for the light source (the diodes) located in the through hole in the second (mineral) glass pane can be provided via a power supply integrated into the laminated glazing, for example via an electric wire embedded in the intermediate laminated layer; but the electric wire can also go to the fourth main applied to the side of the second pane of glass (inner pane on the passenger compartment side) and possibly protected by a cover.

The through-hole in the second (mineral) glass pane, in which the light source (the diodes) is housed, can advantageously be closed with a cover, preferably a removable cover, which is preferably built into a diode module and attached to the inner edge of the through-hole or on the fourth main side (in a version without double bond) is fastened with reversible fasteners.

In particular, in the case of a rectangular or square (in the broader sense provided with corners) glazing, a first light source (preferably the diodes) in a first hole in the marginal area of a first longitudinal (or side) edge of the second glass pane and a second light source (Preferably also diodes) in a second hole on the circumference of a second longitudinal (or lateral) edge of the second glass pane. Likewise, three or four holes may be provided near the four corners of the second glass pane.

Preferably, the light source is a diode module located in an area of the glazing inside the vehicle's equipment, the purpose of which is to hide the diode module from the eyes of the vehicle occupants and to protect the modules from dust and external agents.

The light source (diodes, etc.) can be remote from the optical guide (second pane of glass, etc.) or glued to the (inner) edge of the optical guide.

In order to limit overheating in the passenger compartment or to minimize the use of the air conditioning system, one of the glass panes (preferably the outer pane) and/or the interlayer is/are tinted. And/or the laminated glazing can also comprise a layer that reflects or absorbs solar radiation, preferably on the fourth side (F4) or the second side F2 or the third side F3 (with the transparent coating on the intermediate layer of laminate in particular side F3), in particular one electrically conductive transparent oxide layer (a so-called TCO layer) or even a stack of thin layers comprising at least one TCO layer, or stacks of thin layers comprising at least one silver layer (preferably on F3 or F4), the or each silver layer sandwiched between dielectric layers.

You can cumulate (silver) layer on side F2 and/or F3 and TCO layer on side F4.

The TCO layer (an electrically conductive transparent oxide) is preferably a fluorine-doped tin oxide layer (SnO ₂ :F) or a mixed layer of tin and indium oxide (ITO).

Other layers are possible, such as thin layers based on mixed indium and zinc oxides (called "IZO"), based on gallium- or aluminum-doped zinc oxide, based on niobium-doped titanium oxide, based on cadmium or zinc stannate, based on antimony-doped tin oxide. In the case of aluminum-doped zinc oxide, the doping rate (i.e. the weight of aluminum oxide in relation to the total weight) is preferably below 3%. In the case of gallium, the doping rate can be higher, typically in the range of 5 to 6%.

In the case of ITO, the atomic percentage of Sn is preferably in a range of 5 to 70%, more preferably 10 to 60%. As regards layers based on tin oxide doped with fluorine, the atomic percentage of fluorine is preferably at most 5%, generally from 1 to 2%.

“Emissivity” means the normal emissivity at 283K as defined by the EN 12898 standard. The thickness of the low emissivity layer (TCO, etc.) is adjusted depending on the type of layer in order to obtain the desired emissivity, which depends on the desired thermal efficiency. The emissivity of the low-emissivity layer is, for example, less than or equal to 0.3, in particular 0.25 or even 0.2. The thickness of the ITO layers will generally be at least 40 nm and even at least 50 nm, and even more so at least 70 nm and often at most 150 nm or at most 200 nm. The thickness of the fluorine-doped tin layers will generally be at least 120 nm and even at least 200 nm and usually at most 500 nm.

The low emissivity layer comprises the following sequence: high index underlayer/low index underlayer/a TCO layer/optional dielectric top layer.

As a preferred example of a low emissivity layer (protected during a cure) one can consider a high index (<40nm) underlayer / low index (<30nm) underlayer / an ITO layer / high index (5 - Choose 15 nm))/ low index top layer (<90 nm) insulating layer/ top layer (< 10 nm).

As low emissivity layers, those disclosed in patent US2015/0146286 on page F4, particularly as described in Examples 1-3.

• - ist die erste Glasscheibe getönt und/oder ist die Verbundzwischenschicht über ihre ganze Dicke oder nur einen Teil ihrer Dicke getönt,
• - und/oder ist eine der Seiten F2 oder F3 oder F4 - vorzugsweise die Seite F4 - des verglasten Daches mit einer Schicht mit niedrigem Emissionsgrad bedeckt, die insbesondere eine elektrisch leitfähige transparente Oxidschicht (so genannte TCO-Schicht), insbesondere eine Schichtung von Dünnschichten mit TCO-Schicht oder eine Schichtung von Dünnschichten mit einer oder mehreren Silberschicht(en) umfasst,
• - und/oder ist eine der Seiten F2 oder F3 oder F4 - vorzugsweise die Seite F3 - des verglasten Daches mit einer Sonnenschutzschicht bedeckt, die insbesondere eine elektrisch leitfähige transparente Oxidschicht (so genannte TCO-Schicht), insbesondere eine Schichtung von Dünnschichten mit TCO-Schicht oder eine Schichtung von Dünnschichten mit einer oder mehreren Silberschicht(en) umfasst,
• - und/oder ist eine zusätzliche getönte Folie (aus einem Polymer wie einem Polyethylenterephthalat - PET - etc.) zwischen den Seiten F2 und F3 oder (geklebt) auf F4 und sogar auf der Seite F1 vorgesehen.

In a preferred design of a roof:

• - the first pane is tinted and/or the interlayer is tinted over all or part of its thickness,
• - and/or one of the sides F2 or F3 or F4 - preferably side F4 - of the glazed roof is covered with a low-emissivity layer, in particular an electrically conductive transparent oxide layer (so-called TCO layer), in particular a layer of thin layers with a TCO layer or a layering of thin layers with one or more silver layer(s),
• - and/or is one of the sides F2 or F3 or F4 - preferably the side F3 - of the glazed roof covered with a solar control layer comprising in particular an electrically conductive transparent oxide layer (so-called TCO layer), in particular a layering of thin layers with TCO layer or a layering of thin layers with one or more silver layer(s),
• - and/or an additional tinted film (made of a polymer such as a polyethylene terephthalate - PET - etc.) is provided between faces F2 and F3 or (glued) on F4 and even on face F1.

In particular, face F4 is coated with a transparent functional layer, in particular with low emissivity, which preferably comprises a TCO layer, of which an area (which is electrically powered, i.e. an electrode) forms a touch-sensitive button (to control the first luminous surface). .

A transparent film (PET, etc.) carrying a functional layer on side F2 (or alternatively on side F3) can form a capacitive touch switch. This can be a protective film.

Overall, the glazing of the invention can advantageously include a low-emissivity layer or a solar control layer, particularly on the fourth main face, which is preferably the inner side, particularly a coating comprising a metal oxide layer such as ITO, or coated on a plastic film (PET, etc.) is provided between the first and the second glass pane or also on the second main side, in particular a coating which contains a layer of silver.

The invention also relates to a motor vehicle which is equipped with the luminous glazing described above.

In the on-vehicle position, for a composite roof, the fourth side is preferably the inside of the motor vehicle, commonly called side F4.

The roof can be a sunroof or fixed.

• - einer Funktion für einen Wechsel von hell zu dunkel: einer optischen Ventilvorrichtung (englisch SPD für suspended particle device) mit der transparenten streuenden Beschichtung auf der Verbundzwischenschicht auf der Seite der dritten Hauptseite und der aktiven Schicht (zwischen zwei Elektroden) zwischen zwei Schichten der Verbundzwischenschicht (PVB),
• - einer Tönungsfunktion: einer elektrochromen Vorrichtung.

The luminous laminated glazing, especially the roof, can be provided with additional functions such as an electrically controllable device:

• - a function for changing from light to dark: an optical valve device (English for suspended particle device) with the transparent scattering coating on the composite interlayer on the third main face side and the active layer (between two electrodes) between two layers of the composite interlayer (PVB),
• - a tinting function: an electrochromic device.

In the on-board position, in the case of a laminated windscreen, the fourth side is on the inside of the motor vehicle, commonly referred to as side F4 (and the transparent diffusing coating on the interlayer is in optical contact with side F3 or side F4 intended).

In the installed position in the motor vehicle, which is a car, in the case of a laminated glass window, the first side is the side on the outside of the car, commonly referred to as side F1, and the transparent diffusing coating on the interlayer is in optical contact provided with side F3 or side F2.

In the installed position in the motor vehicle, which is a car, in the case of side glazing, the first side is the side on the outside of the car, commonly referred to as side F1, and the transparent diffusing coating on the intermediate layer is in optical contact with the Page F3 or page F2 provided.

• - einem Dach, wobei die innerste zweite Glasscheibe vorzugsweise den optischen Leiter und die transparente Beschichtung auf der Verbundzwischenschicht auf der Seite der dritten Hauptseite bildet, wobei die erste Glasscheibe, die die äußerste Glasscheibe ist, vorzugsweise getönt ist und/oder die Verbundzwischenschicht vorzugsweise getönt ist,
• - einer Windschutzscheibe, wobei die zweite Glasscheibe die innerste ist, die transparente Beschichtung auf der Verbundzwischenschicht aufgebracht ist, die erste Glasscheibe die äußerste ist,
• - oder einer Seitenverglasung oder einer hinteren Türverglasung oder einer Heckscheibe, wobei die zweite Glasscheibe die innerste ist, die transparente Beschichtung auf der Verbundzwischenschicht aufgebracht ist, die erste Glasscheibe die äußerste ist.

The luminous glazing can be selected from:

• - a roof, the innermost second pane of glass preferably containing the optical conductor and the transparent coating on the Ver forming a bonded interlayer on the side of the third major side, the first sheet of glass, which is the outermost sheet of glass, preferably being tinted and/or the bonded interlayer being preferably tinted,
• - a windscreen, the second glass pane being the innermost one, the transparent coating being applied to the composite interlayer, the first glass pane being the outermost one,
• - or a side glazing or a rear door glazing or a rear window, the second glazing being the innermost, the transparent coating being applied to the composite interlayer, the first glazing being the outermost.

The first glass sheet (and the second glass sheet) can preferably be curved (by means of bending methods known to those skilled in the art). It is monolithic glass, which means that it consists of a single sheet of mineral glass, which can be obtained using the float process, which gives a completely flat and smooth sheet, or using drawing or rolling processes.

Examples of glass materials are float glass of a conventional soda-lime composition, optionally thermally or chemically strengthened or toughened, an aluminum or sodium borosilicate, or any other composition.

The first glass pane (and the second glass pane) is preferably curved or rounded. It can be parallelepipedal, with rectangular, square, or even any other shaped layers or main sides (round, oval, polygonal). It can vary in size--in particular very large--be, for example with a surface area of more than 0.5 or 1 m ² .

Mineral glass has many advantages, in particular good heat resistance (thus proximity to sources of radiation such as diodes is not a problem, even if they generate hot spots; it also meets the requirements of fire safety standards) and good mechanical strength (so it is easy to clean and scratch resistant).

The glass pane that forms the light guide (e.g. the second glass pane or the first glass pane) can (depending on the aesthetic sense, the desired optical effect, the intended use of the glazing, etc.) be clear glass (light transmission T _L greater than or equal to 90% for a thickness of 4 mm), e.g. a glass with a standard composition of soda lime such as Planilux® from Saint-Gobain Glass, or extra-clear glass ( _TL greater than or equal to 91.5% at a thickness of 4 mm), e.g. B. Lime silicate glass with less than 0.05% Fe III or Fe ₂ O ₃ such as Diamant®glas from Saint-Gobain Glass, or Optiwhite® from Pilkington, or B270® from Schott, or with a different composition, like them in the document WO04/025334 is described.

The glass of the first pane can be neutral (without tinting) or (slightly) tinted or tinted (Venus or TSA glass from Saint-Gobain Glass, etc.); it may have undergone a chemical or thermal treatment such as tempering, annealing or hardening (in particular to obtain better mechanical strength) or bending and is generally manufactured using the float process.

Light transmission is measured according to the ISO 9050:2003 standard (which also deals with optical transmission) using illuminant D65, and is the total transmission (particularly integrated in the visible range and weighted according to the human eye sensitivity curve), taking into account both the direct transmittance and any diffuse transmittance, the measurement being carried out, for example, with an integrating sphere spectrophotometer, the measurement at a given thickness then being converted, if necessary, to the reference thickness of 4 mm according to ISO 9050:2003.

The luminous glazing may have a non-zero light transmission TL (usually bordered by enamel or other masking layer) over all or part of the clear glazing, more preferably at least 40%, or at least 50% or 70% of the clear glazing. With a (frequently tinted) roof, a light transmission TL other than zero and even at least 0.5% or at least 2% and at most 10% and even at most 8% is preferred. In the case of a rear quarter glazing (including the small rear quarter window) or a rear window, a light transmittance TL other than zero and even at least 10% or at least 20% and in particular at most 80% or at most 70% (in particular for the rear quarter glazing and the rear window ) preferred. In the case of front side glazing (particularly tinted), a light transmission TL other than zero and even at least 50% or at least 70% is preferred. In the case of a windscreen, a light transmission TL other than zero and even at least 70% is preferred. These TL values may be in an area containing the transparent diffusing coating and/or adjacent to the transparent diffusing coating (and in the clear glazing).

The second glass pane is preferably curved and even thermally (semi) hardened. The first sheet of glass can be heat treated at a temperature greater than or equal to 450°C, preferably greater than or equal to 600°C, and in particular is even a curved tempered glass.

The first glass pane (preferably the outer pane) may preferably be tinted and advantageously has a total light transmission of from 1.0% to 60.0% (more preferably from 10.0% to 50.0% and more preferably from 20.0% to 40.0 %). It may also have an optical transmittance (determined in known manner by relating the transmitted power and the incident power at a given wavelength) of at least 0.5% at at least one visible wavelength greater than 420 nm (and up to 780 nm) and preferably at least 0.5% for all wavelengths in the range 420 to 780 nm.

Each optically coupled edge can be shaped, specifically straightened and polished.

One or more light sources can be used (either identical or not), for example electrical and/or electroluminescent device(s) (LEDs, ...). The light source(s) may be monochromatic (blue, green, red, etc.) or polychromatic, or adjusted or combined to e.g. B. to produce white light, etc.; it can be continuous or interrupted etc.

It is advantageous (mainly for reasons of size, environmental sustainability, heat...) to use quasi-point light sources (such as diodes) because they are simple, cheap and powerful.

The diodes can be simple semiconductor chips (without packaging or collimating lens), with a size of for example in the range of hundreds of microns or one or more millimeters (for example 1mm wide, 2.8mm long and 1.5mm high). They can also include a temporary or permanent protective covering to protect the chip in case of tampering or to improve the compatibility between the materials of the chip and other materials, and/or be encapsulated (e.g. small volume encapsulation of the ' SMD' ('surface mounted device'), with a shell made of resin such as epoxy, nylon or PMMA type, which encapsulates the chip and has various functions: protection against oxidation and humidity, scattering, focusing or collimation, wavelength conversion... ).

The total number of diodes is determined by the size and location of the areas to be illuminated, the desired light intensity and the required light homogeneity.

The power of the individual diodes is generally less than 1 W, in particular less than 0.5 W.

The diodes can be (pre-)mounted on one or more PCB (printed circuit board) supports or supports with conductor tracks, whereby these PCB supports can be attached to other supports (profiles, etc.). Each PCB support can extend to the edge of the glazing and be attached by clamping, press fitting, clipping, screwing, glue or double sided tape, etc. The PCB support is usually thin, in particular it has a thickness of less than or equal to 3 mm, even 1 mm, even 0.1 mm or possibly less than the thickness of a composite interlayer. Several PCB supports can be provided, especially when the areas to be illuminated are very far apart. The PCB support can be flexible, dielectric or electrically conductive material (metal like aluminum, etc.), composite, plastic, etc. The diodes may be soldered to electrically isolated baseplate traces and/or to thermal pads on plastic baseplates, or an electrically insulating and thermally conductive material (glue, tape, scotch, double-sided thermally conductive tape, thermally conductive grease, etc.) can be attached or interposed to ensure better heat dissipation and light output and long diode life.

The diodes can comprise semiconductor chips or even preferably be simple semiconductor chips with, for example, a width W0 in the range of around a hundred μm or 1-5 mm. The width of each diode of the light source is preferably less than the thickness of the first glass pane.

The diodes can optionally include a protective cover (temporary or permanent) to protect the chip in the event of tampering or to increase the compatibility between the materials of the chip and other materials.

• - einer lateral, d. h. parallel zu den elektrischen Kontakten (Kontaktflächen) emittierenden Diode mit einer bezüglich des PCB-Trägers lateralen emittierenden Fläche,
• - einer Diode, deren Hauptemissionsrichtung quer oder schräg bezüglich der Emissionsfläche des Chips ist.

In particular, each diode of the light source can be selected from at least one of the following LEDs:

• - a lateral, i.e. parallel to the electrical contacts (contact surfaces) emitting diode with a lateral emitting surface with respect to the PCB carrier,
• - a diode whose main emission direction is transverse or oblique with respect to the emission surface of the chip.

The diodes preferably have a Gaussian (or Gaussian-type) spectrum.

The emission pattern of a conventional Lambertian diode with a half emission angle of 60°.

Preferably, the distance between the light source, in particular the chips (or the collimation means if present), and the (internal) optical coupling edge is less than or equal to 5mm and even 2mm.

In an advantageous embodiment, one or more environmental and/or glazing-related sensors may be associated with the light sources and/or the power supply system of said glazing. For example, the use of a brightness sensor (photodiode, etc.), a temperature sensor (external or integrated, on the glass or on the light sources) is conceivable, the sensor used controlling the power supply of the light sources via a computer or a central unit, for example. A sensor reading (e.g. maximum brightness) can be set above which the glazing stops performing one of its functions (in particular light extraction or activation of the light sources). For example, with a higher value, the power supply to the glazing is interrupted, with a lower value, the glazing or one of its functions (e.g. adjusting its brightness level) can be controlled via the information received from the sensor(s). The glazing can also be “forced” by the user by disabling the sensors.

The sensors can be inside (of the vehicle for example) or outside. Controlling the glazing depending on the external environment, for example, increases the lifespan of the light sources and other components (polymers, electronic components, ...), while limiting their operation in high light and/or temperature conditions allows in particular to keep the maximum temperatures to which the light sources may be exposed during use of the product, while preserving the functions of the luminous glazing. This coupling also enables the glazing's illuminance to be automatically adjusted to the external light conditions, without the need for user intervention.

In the case of vehicle glazing, the power supply to the light source(s) can be controlled, for example, by the vehicle's central computer, which controls their switching on depending on the information received from the light sensor placed, for example, in the upper part of the windscreen or on a glazing such as an illuminated one roof is attached, allows or prevents. In bright light (day), the brightness value exceeds the maximum value, so there is no turning on the light sources; in low light (night) the maximum value is not reached and the light sources are switched on. The switching on of the light sources can also be controlled by a temperature sensor (on the glazing or on the light sources, etc.).

The present invention can be better understood and further details and advantageous features of the invention emerge from the examples of luminous glazing for vehicles according to the invention, which are given in 1 are shown, which shows a schematic sectional view of a motor vehicle luminous glazing according to a first embodiment of the invention.

For reasons of clarity, the individual elements of the parts shown are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

1 Figure 12 is a schematic and partially sectional view of a luminous glazing for a motor vehicle according to a first embodiment of the invention.

In the 1 The luminous glazing shown is a laminated glazing comprising a mineral glass pane 1 of clear or extra-clear glass with a main face 11 facing towards the inside of the vehicle, called side F4 or fourth side, a main face 12 facing towards the outside of the vehicle, called side F3 or third side and includes a peripheral edge (not shown). This inner glass pane 1 is bonded via an intermediate composite layer 5, in particular tinted, such as a PVB, to another, outer, tinted mineral glass pane 2 with a main face 21 called F2 or second side, a main face 22 called F1 or first side and a peripheral edge (not shown). .

A through hole 4 has been drilled through the second disc 1, creating an inner edge 14 therein. The through hole in the second disc is covered by an opaque layer 17 on face F2, for example enamel (dark or black for example). The hole 4 is preferably located in an edge area.

The through hole 4 houses the diodes or LEDs 3, the emitting face 31 of which is located opposite the inner edge 14, which forms the edge for optical coupling. The diodes on their support 15 are on a removable opaque cover 9 fixed by gluing 16 or clipping to the fourth face F4.

The inner pane forms the optical conductor. A light extracting means 7 in the form of a transparent diffusing layer is screen-printed on the side of the intermediate composite layer facing the third side F3. This is a transparent PVB-based resin compatible with the intermediate layer, in particular a PVB resin containing scattering particles and possibly as additives a substance that modifies the surface tension and/or the rheology and/or plasticizers.

The layer 17 is preferably also provided to prevent direct emission of light by the LEDs 3 to the outside of the vehicle. For this purpose, it can extend sufficiently far beyond the through-hole 4 .

Although not clear from this figure, the through hole 4, the LED module 3, the opaque cover 9 and the light extracting means 7 have central circular symmetry.

The inner glass pane is made of extra-clear soda-lime quartz glass, like the diamond glass sold by Saint-Gobain Glass, with a thickness equal to, for example, 2.1 mm.

The composite interlayer 2 is a clear or tinted PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, preferably a blur of at most 1.5%.

The outer pane of glass, which has the same dimensions as the inner one, has a tinted structure for a solar control function (Venus glass VG10 or TSA 4+ sold by Saint-Gobain Glass), with a thickness equal to 2.1 mm for example) and/or covered with a sunscreen coating (or a tinted plastic film).

The diodes here are those with side emission. The LEDs each comprise an emission chip suitable for emitting one or more rays in the visible range guided into the inner glass pane. The diodes are small, typically a few mm in size or smaller, in particular of the order of 2x2x1 mm, without optics (lens) and preferably not pre-encapsulated in order to keep the space requirement as small as possible.

The main emission direction is perpendicular to the side of the semiconductor chip, e.g. B. with an active layer with multiple quantum wells, AllnGaP technology or other semiconductors. The light cone is a +/-60 Lambertian type cone.

The glazing can have several light areas, the light area(s) possibly occupying less than 50% of the surface of at least one side, in particular with a given geometry (rectangular, square, circular...).

The scatter area is a solid layer, a discontinuous layer, or a mesh of 2D or 3D motifs (lines, etc.).

The blur of the laminated glazing with the transparent diffuser coating is at most 15%.

The sharpness of the image of the laminated glazing with the transparent diffuser coating is at least 95%.

The luminance is over 50cd/m ² .

Diodes that emit white or colored light can be selected to create mood or reading lighting or similar. Red light can be selected for signal lighting, which may alternate with green light.

The luminous glazing of the 1 For example, a fixed illuminated panoramic roof of a motor vehicle such. B. form a car that is glued to a body from the outside.

When the diodes are on, the extraction can form a glowing pattern like a logo or brand.

Alternatively, this luminous laminated glazing can also form a windscreen. The transparent scattering coating forms, for example, a collision warning signal for the driver along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, the light shines red when you are too close to a vehicle in front.

This luminous laminated glazing of the 1 can alternatively form a small front side window. The transparent diffuser coating forms, for example, an additional flashing light. An additional indicator light can also be formed on the rear side window.

The transparent diffuser coating can also display a pictogram (connectivity, etc.), a stim warning light for all passengers on the entire glazing of the vehicle.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• WO 2010049638 [0003, 0060]
• WO 2012025685 [0050]
• WO 2013175101 [0050]
• WO 2015079159 [0050]
• US20150146286 [0078]
• WO 04025334 [0095]

Claims (16)

Luminous glazing for a motor vehicle, comprising: - laminated glazing, preferably curved, comprising: - a first sheet of glass (2) made of mineral or organic glass, having two main faces (22, 21), in particular the first face facing the outside of the vehicle and even the outside is; - a composite intermediate layer (5) made of polymeric, preferably thermoplastic material; - a second glass pane (1) made of mineral or organic glass with a third and a fourth main face (12, 11), in particular the fourth face facing the interior of the vehicle and even being the inside; the second and third major sides facing the composite interlayer; wherein at least one of the first and second panes of glass is mineral glass; - a light source (3) optically coupled to a light guide which is one of the first and second glass sheets or the composite interlayer, - means for extracting the guided light, the light extraction means comprising a diffusing layer (7) containing diffusing elements in a Matrix contains at least one first scattering area with a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first fixed scattering area and/or comprising an arrangement of interrupted motifs, characterized in that the scattering layer is provided between the first and second glass pane, the scattering layer is a transparent one Coating and the matrix is organic and transparent. Automotive luminescent glazing claim 1 , characterized in that the transparent coating (7) is arranged on a main side of the composite intermediate layer (5) directly or on a primary sub-layer made in particular of silane, the primary layer preferably having a thickness of at most 1 µm or even at most 200 nm, the transparent coating in particular is in optical contact with the third main side and the light guide is the second, in particular inner pane or the composite intermediate layer. Automotive luminescent glazing claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the transparent coating is in optical contact with the third main side and the light guide is the second, in particular inner pane or the composite intermediate layer. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the organic matrix comprises a resin. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the transparent coating (7) consists essentially of resin and scattering elements. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the scattering elements comprise particles distributed and bound by the matrix, the particles having a size of at most 30 µm or at most 10 µm. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that it comprises at least one other transparent and diffusing coating, comprising diffusing elements in an organic matrix, adjacent to the transparent coating, in particular on the composite interlayer facing in particular towards the third main face. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the intermediate composite layer is a PVB, in particular clear or tinted, possibly acoustic, with a thickness in the millimeter range, it being preferably a simple or composite PVB such as PVB/plastic film/PVB. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the light source is an array of light emitting diodes or an extracting optical fiber coupled to the primary light source. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that the optical guide is the second pane of glass, in particular the fourth side is the inside on the side of the vehicle interior, which is in particular optically coupled to the light source, preferably an array of light-emitting diodes, by an edge or a preferably continuous hole in the optical guides, in particular made of clear or extra-clear mineral glass. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 10 , characterized in that the fourth principal face comprises an opaque layer in a given zone, known as the masking area, the light source being housed in a through-hole of the second sheet of glass, located in the so-called masking zone. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 11 , characterized in that the second main face comprises an opaque layer (17) which the light source, preferably an array of light emitting diodes, ver covers, which is housed in particular in a through hole of the second glass pane. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 12 , characterized in that the second sheet of glass, in particular mineral, is pierced by a through hole (4) delimited by an inner edge (14), and in that the light source is housed in the through hole (4) opposite the inner edge, the second Glass pane forms the optical conductor. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 13 , characterized in that it comprises a low-emissivity layer or a solar control layer, provided in particular on the fourth main face, in particular a coating comprising a layer of metal oxide such as ITO, or applied to a plastic film between the first and second panes of glass or alternatively provided on the second main face, in particular a coating containing a layer of silver. Motor vehicle luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 14 , characterized in that the luminous glazing is selected from: - a roof, the innermost second pane preferably forming the optical guide and the transparent coating on the composite interlayer on the side of the third main face, the first pane being the outermost pane, is preferably tinted and/or the composite interlayer is preferably tinted, - a windscreen, the second glass pane being the innermost one, the transparent coating being applied to the composite interlayer, the first glass pane being the outermost one, - or a side glazing or a rear door glazing or a Rear window, where the second glass pane is the innermost, the transparent coating is applied on the composite interlayer, the first glass pane is the outermost. Motor vehicle with luminous glazing according to one of Claims 1 until 15 , in particular a vehicle roof.

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