DE202020107030U1 - Spacer - Google Patents

Abstract

Containing spacer elements (10, 20) for building structures
- a main body (11, 21);
- At least one secondary body (11a, 11b; 21a) which is connected to the main body via a predetermined breaking point (12a, 12b; 22).

Description

The invention relates to a spacer element for building structures, for example to support under stud frames in prefabricated house construction for the purpose of compensating for height differences.

Prefabricated components such as prefabricated walls are often used on construction sites, which are to be set up on a given substructure. In order to align such components vertically and / or horizontally, differences in height often have to be compensated, for example caused by unevenness in the subsurface. This compensation is done with the help of spacer elements ("washer blocks"), which are inserted to bridge gaps between the substrate and the building element.

Against this background, it was the object of the present invention to provide spacer elements with improved handling and / or a larger area of application.

This object is achieved by a spacer element with the features of claim 1 and by a system of spacer elements with the features of claim 9. Advantageous refinements are contained in the subclaims.

The spacer element according to the invention is used, for example, in the production of building structures, but also in other areas of application. It is characterized in that it contains a main body and at least one secondary body which is connected to the main body via a predetermined breaking point.

The main body and the secondary body can in principle have any shape. However, they are usually designed in such a way that, when the spacer element is used, they each carry their own load. In particular, the main body and secondary body can be arranged next to one another with regard to the force load to be absorbed. Usually the main body is larger than the secondary body.

The connection via a predetermined breaking point is such that the fitter on site on a construction site can break the main body and secondary body apart by hand without the need for excessive force or tools. In this way, it is possible to always have a spacer element in a suitable size available without having to manufacture and stock a large number of special elements for this purpose. Furthermore, it is possible to use both the main body and the separated secondary body as a spacer element, so that the generation of waste is minimized.

The predetermined breaking point can essentially consist of one or more points. However, it preferably runs along a line and / or a surface. In particular, the entire predetermined breaking point can lie in one plane in which the main body and secondary body abut one another.

The spacer element can optionally contain more than one secondary body, for example two, three, four or more secondary bodies, each of which can be separated from the main body individually or in groups via appropriate predetermined breaking points. In this way it is possible to produce several different suitable sizes from the spacer element.

If the spacer element contains two secondary bodies, these can both be connected to the main body via their own predetermined breaking point. It is also possible that a second secondary body is attached to a first secondary body via a predetermined breaking point, the first secondary body also being connected to the main body via a further predetermined breaking point (conceptually the first secondary body can be used as a "main body" in relation to the second Secondary bodies are considered).

In principle, the geometric shape of the spacer element can be any according to the distances to be bridged. In particular, the spacer element can contain an upper side and a lower side which are essentially parallel to one another. Such a configuration is present, for example, when the spacer element is essentially cuboid. The cuboid shape can in particular be given both for the main body and for the secondary body. Furthermore, the shape of the spacer element can in particular be mirror-symmetrical with respect to (at least) one plane passing through its center point.

The predetermined breaking point can be implemented in various ways. For example, it can be present as a material weakening, for example in that the material in the area of the predetermined breaking point is thinner, has a different material composition and / or is designed with holes. According to a preferred embodiment, the predetermined breaking point is designed as a groove (recess) running at least partially in the surface of the spacer element (preferably the outer surface). This has the advantage that the fitter can immediately see where the predetermined breaking point runs. Furthermore, the creation of sharp breaking edges is avoided by an external groove.

According to a further development of the spacer element, this contains a coupling means for connection to a further (similar) spacer element. In this way, several spacer elements can then be connected to one another in order to fill in larger gaps (in width and / or in height). The coupling means is usually in the form of two complementary units, both of which are present on a spacer element. The coupling means are preferably designed in such a way that they do not interfere with the normal use of an individual spacer element, for example by disappearing under load.

In particular, the coupling means can comprise at least one extension which extends from the surface of the spacer element. Such an extension is preferably designed to be easily broken off so that it can be removed when it is not needed and would only be a problem. Such a removal can optionally also take place automatically with normal use of the spacer element under the effect of the load carried thereby.

In a further development of the above embodiment, the coupling means also contain at least one recess for engaging the extension. In this way, by engaging the extension in the recess, a form-fitting connection can be established between two spacer elements. The dimensions are preferably selected in such a way that the connection is also non-positive, so that the spacer elements can only be separated again with a certain amount of force. The recess is preferably formed on the outside of the spacer element, for example in the form of a channel. This makes it easier to introduce the extension at the construction site. Blocking of the recess by penetrating dirt is also prevented.

According to a development of the spacer element, it can contain one or more screw holes through which it can be fixed to a substrate with the aid of screws or nails.

In principle, all sufficiently stable materials can be used for the production of the spacer element. In particular, the spacer element can be made from a plastic, for example in an injection molding process. In order to save material, one or more hollow chambers can be formed within the spacer element. The walls between these hollow chambers typically extend in the direction of the force load to be absorbed.

The invention further relates to a system of spacer elements which contains at least two spacer elements according to one of the embodiments described above with the same base area and different thicknesses.

For example, the spacer elements can have a given base area, with thicknesses of 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm or more being possible.

• 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines ersten Abstandselementes mit vier Nebenkörpern;
• 2 eine Ansicht der Oberseite des Abstandselementes von 1;
• 3 eine Ansicht der Unterseite des Abstandselementes von 1;
• 4 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV gemäß 2;
• 5 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie V-V gemäß 2;
• 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Abstandselementes geringere Dicke mit zwei Nebenkörpern.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of the figures using exemplary embodiments. It shows

• 1 a perspective view of a first spacer element with four secondary bodies;
• 2 a view of the top of the spacer of FIG 1 ;
• 3 a view of the underside of the spacer of FIG 1 ;
• 4th a section along the line IV-IV according to 2 ;
• 5 a section along the line VV according to 2 ;
• 6th a perspective view of a further spacer element of smaller thickness with two secondary bodies.

The spacer elements shown in the figures can be used, for example, on a construction site in order to compensate for height differences between a subsurface and a wall or the like placed on it. The spacer elements are essentially cuboid and are made from plastic (e.g. PE, PP) using an injection molding process, for example.

That in the 1 to 5 illustrated first spacer 10 contains in the center a substantially cuboid main body 11 . On the narrow sides (front ends) of the main body 11 a first secondary body closes on both sides 11a which is with the main body 11 via a predetermined breaking point 12a connected is. The first secondary body 11a typically has a significantly smaller volume than the main body 11 .

It is also followed by the first secondary body 11a a second secondary body each 11b which one with the first secondary body 11 a also via a predetermined breaking point 12b connected is.

When used on the construction site, the four secondary bodies 11a , 11b as required, simply by hand from the spacer element 10 be broken off to give it the right length. It is also possible to use the broken off secondary bodies 11a , 11b in turn to use as spacers.

The predetermined breaking points between the first secondary body 11a and the main body 11 or between the first and the second secondary body are as an outside circumferential groove 12a , 12b educated. This groove leads to a weakening of the material, along which a break occurs.

In 3 is at a glance of the underside of the spacer element 10 recognizable that this is a multitude of hollow chambers 17th which are separated from one another by walls running vertically (in the direction of the thickness). In this way, a spacer element of high stability with regard to vertical force loads can be produced with little use of material. It can also be seen that the predetermined breaking points each run near (but not directly above) a vertical wall, so that the break occurs near the wall, but the wall itself does not break.

It can also be seen that the predetermined breaking points are preferably above a completely continuous hollow chamber 17th so that no inner walls have to be separated when breaking.

The spacer 10 preferably contains one or more prefabricated screw holes 15th in the main body and / or the secondary bodies, through which it can be fixed to a substrate using screws or nails if necessary.

The spacer also contains 10 at its bottom (preferably the bottom of the main body 11 ) short processes directed downwards 16 (in the example shown, a total of four pieces). These appendages 16 can in a vertical channel formed on the side surface of the spacer elements 13 intervene when two spacers are placed on top of one another. In this way it is possible to couple several spacer elements vertically one above the other and to handle them as a single element. Because of the gutter on the outside 13 the coupling is easily possible even under construction site conditions, since the extensions 16 can be pushed along the outer edge until they are noticeable in the gutters 13 latch.

Furthermore are the appendages 16 so thin and easily breakable that they can be broken off when not needed and do not get in the way. In particular, the extensions 16 be so light that they automatically push themselves away to the side when the vertical load is low, so that they do not interfere with the desired height compensation. By automatically bending the extensions to the side 16 This does not affect the possibility of placing the underlay blocks with millimeter precision.

The appendages 16 typically extend by about 0.5 to 3 mm, particularly preferably by about 1 mm, beyond the underside of the spacer element. The base of the spacer 10 is for example approx. 50 mm x 160 mm, the height approx. 10 mm.

6th shows an alternative embodiment of a spacer element 20th smaller size, for example with a base area of 50 mm x 120 mm and a height of approx. 5 mm.

Unlike the spacer 10 contains the spacer 20th only two secondary bodies 21a , which on the main body 21st via predetermined breaking points 22nd apply. Otherwise, however, the configuration is similar to that of the first spacer element, so that it does not have to be described again.

Claims (9)

Containing spacer elements (10, 20) for building structures - a main body (11, 21); - At least one secondary body (11a, 11b; 21a) which is connected to the main body via a predetermined breaking point (12a, 12b; 22). Spacer element (10, 20) after Claim 1 , characterized in that it is essentially cuboid. Spacer element (10, 20) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predetermined breaking point is designed as an at least partially circumferential groove (12a, 12b; 22) in the surface of the spacer element. Spacer element (10, 20) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains coupling means (13, 16; 23, 26) for connection to a further spacer element (10, 20). Spacer element (10, 20) after Claim 4 , characterized in that the coupling means comprise an extension (16, 26) which is preferably designed to be breakable. Spacer element (10, 20) after Claim 5 , characterized in that the coupling means have a recess (13, 23) for the engagement of the extension (16, 26), which is preferably formed on the outside of the spacer element (10, 20). Spacer element (10, 20) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains screw holes (15, 25). Spacer element (10, 20) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains at least one hollow chamber (17). System of spacer elements (10, 20) according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 8th containing at least two spacer elements (10, 20) of the same base area and different thickness.

Images