DE202019001947U1 - AC / DC concept and components for minimizing the cost of modernizing the electrical installation of older homes and houses - Google Patents

Abstract

Laying of new AC lines in the floor of the distribution room, continuation into the individual rooms in standard baseboard channels, no new lines in the walls
characterized,
that new AC cables are laid exclusively in ducts (3) which have been placed in the floor of a central distribution room, preferably the hall (1) of the dwelling. The passage (6) of the cables through the wall into the individual rooms takes place from the distribution room floor (1) in commercially available baseboard channels (4) mounted on the side walls of the adjacent rooms. The cable feedthrough (6) from the respective corridor channel to the baseboard channel is realized by means of a sloping hole near the floor from the rooms to the distributor room in such a way that the hole arrives there below the floor level in the newly milled cable channel.
At desired locations, a socket attachment (5) is installed from the selected commercial system.
Typically, other required cables and connections for telephone, Internet, television reception are also included in the skirting board channels.
A continuation of the baseboard channels over corners on the outsides of the rooms (0) is not required and should be avoided.
Other new AC cables will not be misplaced. Thus, after rehabilitation, except for the lines from the manifold to the floor ducts, there are no AC lines above floor or baseboard channels.
The entire inventive AC system is shown for a typical floor plan in drawing 1.
All 230V consumers are preferably connected to the newly installed AC system. Special power consumers such as electric stoves are connected directly to the distributor via separately secured lines (5a), but in this case too, the line is led to the distributor in the baseboard channel and floor duct.

Description

used abbreviations

• DC = Direct Current = DC
• AC = Alternating Current = AC
• LED = Light Emitting Diode
• IR = infrared

Many houses, and apartments have an outdated, sometimes dangerous, electrical installation: ramshackle and undersized pipes, lack of protective equipment, and subsequent confusing changes in the piping system are the source of many dangers.

Nevertheless, however, the refurbishment is often postponed for fear of escalating costs or even not tackled because the low-voltage distribution usually needs to be completely replaced and walls have to be pried open in all the rooms and after the laying of new lines again costly rehabilitation must be. During this work, in most cases, the apartment is not habitable.

The present invention proposes a system and associated components with which the effort for the renovation of the electrical installation can be drastically reduced, especially in standardized rental housing.

Only in the hall floor, the new lines are to be laid in the building fabric, while the new wiring in the connected rooms is only on side skirting channels, are placed at the appropriate places sockets.

The invention is distinguished by the fact that in the rehabilitation of older electrical installations between an AC (AC) concept and a DC (DC) concept is separated. For the first time, a procedure is proposed that restricts interventions in the building fabric when laying new AC cables in a central area (typically corridor), thereby minimizing the cost of restoring and impairing residents.

The DC concept according to the invention is characterized in that the old AC lines still in the walls can continue to be used as a 12V DC or alternatively as a 24V DC distribution.

With a single remote control, all consumers (typically LED lamps) can be switched on and off in any room in a targeted and completely flexible manner.

This avoids expensive bus systems and their cumbersome programming.

The power-efficient LED lighting technology provides a unique opportunity for the reuse of the old lines: According to the invention, these are to be interconnected to form a single DC network with 12V (maximum 24V).

All consumers connected to this DC network (mainly LED lamps but also other devices operated with direct current are conceivable) should be able to be targeted via the same remote control (preferably on an infrared basis, referred to here for short as "IR remote control").

Each resident has such a small remote control with him, alternatively, the remote controls of each room in a holder can be located next to the door.

Fixed wall switches are no longer needed.

According to the invention, the restoration of the electrical installation proceeds as follows: (the numbers in parentheses indicate corresponding points in the drawings 1 to 5)

Reinstallation of the 230V distribution including laying of new AC cables (according to drawing 1):

Only the corridor ( 1 ) is affected by the reinstallation, in the individual rooms, however, only the side skirting by socket channels ( 4 ), which include new power, telephone and data lines and, where appropriate, standard skirting board sockets for power, telephone and data.

Although it is possible the side baseboards ( 4 ) to lead over 90 ° deflections to the front sides of the rooms, but should be dispensed as possible to minimize the installation work in the individual rooms and standardize.

The new power lines will be centrally located from the new distributor ( 2 ), which contains the individual circuit breakers, in the corridor floor ( 1 ). For this purpose, corresponding channels ( 3 ) into the ground. To the side baseboards of the rooms branching from the corridor are passages ( 6 Drilled obliquely down through the wall (each from the room) through which the power, telephone and data lines are inserted into the cable ducts of each room.

After completion of the cable laying work in the hall, the resulting unevenness in the floor is typically filled with screed or other suitable material to get back to a level floor. Thereafter, the desired floor covering is applied. Compared with the conventional procedure for the renewal of an electrical installation, the intervention in the building substance with this method is many times less because only the hall floor must be renewed. The apartment remains habitable during the work.

The old lines are retained, but are no longer used for the AC distribution but continue to be used for the DC network described below.

Further use of the old AC lines by combining them into a DC network for the lighting of the rooms with LED lamps or other low-voltage DC consumers (according to drawing 2):

DC ceiling lamps are each fitted with a ceiling module ( 7 ), which preferably contains an infrared switch, connected to the DC network.

Earlier sockets ( 9a ) and switches ( 8a ) are either blanked or have the bezels with upstream constant current modules, for example for standard 350mA or 600mA power supplies (9) + (8).

There, commercially available LED single luminaires can be plugged in to create punctiform lighting in the room. Optionally, these socket and switch modules are preferably equipped with an infrared switch.

For the conversion of the previous AC wiring into a DC network, all light switches ( 8a ) and the associated phase conductors are "wired through" according to "switch closed",

In the power distribution box ( 2 ), all lines of the old circuits are connected to an LED driver power supply typically 12VDC (or possibly 24VDC) with a power depending on the expected total load, and at desired locations former ceiling lamps ( 7a ), Light switch ( 8a ) or sockets ( 9a ), DC ceiling modules ( 7 ), DC switch modules ( 8th ) or DC socket modules ( 9 ) installed and a suitable aperture attached if the corresponding function is no longer needed in the future.

list of figures

• Zeichnung 1: Beispiel für Standard-Wohnungsgrundriss mit realisiertem AC-Konzept
• Zeichnung 2: Seitenansicht einer Beispielwohnung mit realisiertem DC-Konzept und Veranschaulichung der Funktionsweise des optischen Fernbedienungskonzepts
• Zeichnung 3: Zentrales Gleichstrom-Netzteil (12) und Zusammenschaltung der alten Leitungen zu einem Gleichstrom-Netz (16)
• Zeichnung 4: exemplarische Ausführung eines DC-Deckenmoduls (7) vorzugsweise für 12V-LED-Lampen
• Zeichnung 5: exemplarische Ausführung eines DC-Deckenmoduls (7) vorzugsweise für 350mA oder 600mA-Einzel-LED-Leuchten

drawing list

• Drawing 1: Example of standard floor plan with realized AC concept
• Drawing 2: Side view of a sample apartment with realized DC concept and illustration of the functionality of the optical remote control concept
• Drawing 3: Central DC power supply ( 12 ) and interconnection of the old lines to a DC network ( 16 )
• Drawing 4: exemplary embodiment of a DC ceiling module ( 7 ) preferably for 12V LED lamps
• Drawing 5: exemplary embodiment of a DC ceiling module ( 7 ) preferably for 350mA or 600mA single LED lights

In the drawings: - - - dashed lines = AC lines = new AC lines __ solid lines = old AC lines, interconnected as a new DC bus

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(0)

Outside of rooms

(1)

Hall

(2)

Housing Power Distribution

(3)

Cable ducts milled in the ground floor

(4)

Skirting channels (commercially available)

(5)

Skirting board socket 230V- (commercial)

(5a)

separate connection via own fuse in the distributor (eg for stove)

(6)

Drill / feed diagonally down from each room to the corridor

(7)

DC ceiling module according to drawings 4 and 5

(7a)

old ceiling connection

(8th)

DC switch module

(8a)

old switch

(9)

DC socket module

(9a)

old outlet

(11)

Remote control transmitter, uniform for all DC consumers of the apartment

(12)

12VDC or 24VDC power supply in the distributor

(13)

Housing DC switching module

(14)

Concentrator lens in the housing cover

(15)

Receiver and switching unit

(16)

DC supply network 12V or 24V

(17)

Connection socket 12V or 24V for DC consumers

(18)

Constant current element (commercially available)

(19)

Connection sockets 350mA or 600mA (series connection) for DC consumers

Claims (3)

Laying new AC lines in the floor of the distribution room, continuing into the individual rooms in standard baseboard channels, no new lines in the walls, characterized in that new AC cables are routed exclusively in channels (3), the zuor in the bottom of a central distribution room were introduced, preferably the hall (1) of the apartment. The passage (6) of the cables through the wall into the individual rooms takes place from the distribution room floor (1) in commercially available baseboard channels (4) mounted on the side walls of the adjacent rooms. The cable feedthrough (6) from respective corridor channel to baseboard channel is realized by means of a bottom-sloping bore from the rooms to the distribution room in such a way that the hole arrives there below the ground level in the newly milled cable channel. At desired locations, a socket attachment (5) is installed from the selected commercial system. Typically, other required cables and connections for telephone, Internet, television reception are also included in the skirting board channels. A continuation of the baseboard channels over corners on the outsides of the rooms (0) is not required and should be avoided. Other new AC cables will not be misplaced. Thus, after rehabilitation, except for the lines from the manifold to the floor ducts, there are no AC lines above floor or baseboard channels. The entire inventive AC system is shown for a typical floor plan in drawing 1. All 230V consumers are preferably connected to the newly installed AC system. Special power consumers such as electric stoves are connected directly to the distributor via separately secured lines (5a), but in this case too, the line is led to the distributor in the baseboard channel and floor duct. Reuse and interconnection of old AC lines as a DC supply network, characterized in that the former AC lines in the distribution box (2) are interconnected so that preferably all former phase conductors make the positive pole and all former neutral the negative pole (16), drawing 3. (A separate protective conductor does not exist in many older house installations, this is also usually the main reason for the renovation of the electrical installation). The DC bus system is powered by a sufficiently sized power supply, preferably with 12V or 24V output voltage. Old switches (8a) are removed and the respective lines according to switch position "closed" or "on" preferably connected to line terminals. 4 Flush-mounted sockets of former sockets (9a) and switches (8a) are closed with shutters, unless they are to be used for DC modules according to the following claims. The entire inventive DC system is shown by way of example in FIG. Remote DC switching elements according to Claim 2 for the control of connected DC consumers, characterized in that preferably installed at the positions of the former ceiling lamp terminals, sockets or switches, remotely controlled DC switching modules with DC connection sockets, with it connected DC consumers (preferably LED lights) are each switched via a relay, which is controlled via an optical targeted remote control (preferably on an infrared basis). All consumers can be controlled via the same remote control (11) by approximately aiming at the associated DC switching module. In drawing 4, the technical realization of a ceiling switching module (7) is sketched for LED lamps, which are preferably operated with 12V or alternatively with 24V DC. It consists of housing (13), concentrator lens (14) in the housing cover, a commercially available receiver and switching unit (15), and DC connector socket for the consumer (17). In Figure 5, a ceiling switching module is shown, which preferably allows the supply of up to three LED lights with 350mA or 600mA constant current supply in series connection, as is typically required for LED spotlights. The spotlights can either be connected individually to one of the connection sockets (19), or in series all to a single connection socket. The switching module consists of housing (13), concentrator lens (14) in the housing cover, receiver and switching unit (15), a commercially available constant current element (18) preferably for 350mA or 600mA, and several DC connection sockets (19). Depending on whether the switch modules are to be installed on the ceiling or in flush-mounted boxes of former sockets and switches, they are adapted to the existing conditions in terms of design and dimensions. Both outlined technical versions of the switching module are therefore both as ceiling connection (7) at the position of former ceiling connections (7a), as well (with adapted housings and front panels) in flush-mounted boxes of former switches (8a) or sockets (9a) used.

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