DE202018102433U1 - Support system for platforms in a tower of a wind turbine and tower with such a support system - Google Patents

Abstract

Support system (1) for a platform (2) and / or other installations within a tower of a wind turbine, comprising a central element (10), at least three peripheral elements (30) and at least three connecting elements (20), the peripheral elements (30) passing through Connecting elements (20) are connected in a star shape with the central element (10) and wherein the central element (10) is designed and adapted to receive forces vertically and deliver radially, characterized in that the peripheral elements (30), the connecting elements (20) and the central element (10) are hinged together.

Description

The invention relates to a support system for internals, in particular platforms in a tower of a wind turbine and an arrangement with such a support system in a tower of a wind turbine.

Wind turbines usually comprise a tower anchored in a foundation, a nacelle rotatably mounted on the tower and a rotor mounted in the nacelle. The tower is often designed as a tubular steel tower or as a hybrid tower with a tubular steel tower section. The tubular steel tower or the tubular steel tower section is regularly made of rolled steel sheets, which are connected to each other, in particular welded and / or screwed.

The tower, in addition to supporting the nacelle, also serves to accommodate tower-type installations required for operation and access to the wind turbine, such as cables, ladders, and / or walk-in platforms. This tower installations or their holders are attached to fastening elements which are welded to the tower wall and / or screwed. In particular, welding bushes with an internal thread are known, which are welded by means of fillet welds with the steel sheet of the tower wall.

In the document WO 2010/058037 A2 various welding bushings are disclosed, which are suitable for attaching holders, brackets and supports for tower installations, in particular for walk-in platforms of a wind turbine and cable trays or ladders. For holding on the inside of a platform on a wall of a steel tower angle elements are provided, wherein the platforms are arranged there directly resting on the angle elements.

In the prior art vary according to the tower diameter, the carrier lengths of the platforms, as these are usually bolted directly to a holder or by welding bushings with the tower shell. Since the tower shell runs conically at least in sections, each platform must be adapted to the corresponding tower diameter depending on the installation height. This leads to a large variety of platform variants.

So will in US 2011/0140437 A1 discloses a self-supporting platform for a wind turbine tower comprising a grid structure having a plurality of network nodes. The grid structure is fixed there directly to the wall of the tower by a plurality of brackets.

In addition to the connection of components and / or fasteners using welding bushings, a number of other methods are known. So is in the utility model DE 20 2012 009 889 U1 proposed to attach components by gluing to the tower inner wall. From the publication WO 03/067083 A1 For example, a method is known in which elements on the tower wall are held by magnetic attraction.

Presentation of the invention

Starting from the prior art, the technical problem is to provide a lightweight support system for platforms and other installations inside the tower, which can absorb vertical forces and initiate into the tower wall, without the tower wall is weakened by holes and / or welds. The object of the invention is also to provide a variable support system for platforms and other installations, which can be fixed within the tower without additional holding means on the tower wall at almost any vertical positions.

The object is achieved by a support system for a platform and / or other installations within a tower of a wind turbine, which comprises a central element, at least three peripheral elements and at least three connecting elements, wherein the peripheral elements are connected by the connecting elements in a star shape with the central element and wherein the central element is formed and arranged to receive forces vertically and deliver radially, the peripheral elements, the connecting elements and the central element are hinged together. The central element is centered, that is arranged in the vertical tower axis.

An advantageous embodiment of the support system is characterized in that the central element and the pair of connecting elements and the hingedly connected peripheral element form a four-bar linkage in a vertical plane.

In a preferred embodiment of the support system, the central element comprises a round or polygonal base body on which a plurality of recordings, at least three recordings, z. B. in the form of connecting tabs, are arranged facing radially outward and are each designed and set up for a connection of at least one connecting element.

More preferably, the connecting elements are designed as push rods, each on both sides connecting elements, for. B. in the form of clevises, wherein the push rods of starting from the central element inclined obliquely downwards.

According to the invention, the peripheral elements are preferably designed as pressing devices, wherein the or each pressing device has a holder on which at least one receptacle, for. B. in the form of a connecting lug for the connection of a connecting element, preferably two spaced receptacles, and at least one pressure element, preferably two pressure elements are arranged on the holder. The holder is preferably formed as a U-shaped holder and can be made both of sheet steel or as a metal casting. The U-shaped holder has a directed towards the tower wall body and an angled upper leg and an angled lower leg, which is the tower axis A point.

In a preferred embodiment, the support system has a safety device, which in the case of a defect, for. B. breakage of a component of the pressing device, this intercepts. In a preferred embodiment, the securing device comprises a safety rope and a rope clamp fixedly connected to the safety rope. The safety rope is advantageously guided for protection and guidance by a guide tube, which is arranged, in particular welded, on the peripheral element, in particular on the angled limbs of the U-shaped holder. At least one dimension of the cable clamp transversely to the rope running direction, such as a diameter or a diagonal, is greater than the diameter of a round guide tube or possibly the diagonal of a rectangular guide tube.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the or each pressing device is characterized by a U-shaped support bracket having an approximately 90 ° angled right leg and an approximately 90 ° angled left leg, which from the tower axis A and the tower wall, wherein the legs engage around a lower portion of the U-shaped holder, and wherein the U-shaped support bracket is releasably connected to the U-shaped holder. The U-shaped support bracket is formed in connection with the U-shaped holder and adapted to be supported on the tower wall. For this purpose, the support bracket at least two mounted in threaded holes preload screws, which by a corresponding opening, for. B. a through hole in the holder are feasible.

Advantageously, a first connecting lug is arranged on the upper leg of the U-shaped holder, on which a first push rod, namely the upper push rod is pivotally mounted. Furthermore, a second connecting lug is arranged on the support bracket, on which a second push rod, namely the lower push rod is pivotally mounted. In addition, the first terminal lug on the upper leg of the U-shaped holder and the second terminal lug on the support bracket can be releasably connected by a connecting tab.

In an advantageous development, the central element, in particular on the upper side, several shots, but at least three shots, z. B. in the form of holes or bolts, for establishing a connection to a platform. In addition, the central element may have a central through opening in the base body for passing through a cable bundle and / or a framework.

In a modification of the invention, the support system comprises a plurality of spaced central elements, in particular separately satellite-like, annular and from the tower axis A are arranged away, wherein the distance to the tower axis is about 0.3 to 0.7 times the radius of the tower in the corresponding tower height. Such an embodiment of the support system according to the invention halves the required support width of platforms, whereby the dimensioning of the platform can be significantly reduced.

The object is also achieved by a tower of a wind energy plant with at least one support system, which is designed as described above.

1. 1. Aufbringen von ca. 5 bis 20 % der Klemmkraft durch Vorspannung über Druckelemente und Eigengewicht des Stützsystems selbst.
2. 2. Aufbringen von ca. 80 bis 95 % der Klemmkraft durch Umleitung der Vertikalkraft in eine horizontale Klemmkraft.

The invention relates in summary to a system, namely a support system consisting of force-receiving elements and force-output elements, which are connected by connecting elements hinged together. The elements are arranged and designed such that the support system is essentially supported by gravity and friction force on the inside of the tower wall virtually by self-locking. The process is produced by:

1. 1. Application of about 5 to 20% of the clamping force by biasing pressure elements and weight of the support system itself.
2. 2. Apply about 80 to 95% of the clamping force by diverting the vertical force in a horizontal clamping force.

• - Eine Schädigung der Turmwandung (z. B. durch Bohren oder Schweißen) entfällt, hierdurch kann die Turmstatik ggf. optimiert werden.
• - Durch die Erfindung kann die zu überbrückende Stützweite reduziert, insbesondere halbiert werden.
• - Selbstanpassende Klemmkraft in Abhängigkeit von der Vertikalkraft.
• - Freie Wahl der Einbauhöhe in einem Turm, ohne dass die Turmwandung in irgendeiner Form vorbereitet werden muss.
• - Es können mehrere solcher erfindungsgemäßen Stützsysteme vertikal beabstandet im Turm positioniert werden.
• - Das Stützsystem ist für verschiedene Turmdurchmesser modifizierbar und/oder einstellbar, so dass es auch in verschiedenen Höhen eines konischen Turmes anordenbar ist.
• - Das Stützsystem verfügt über eine Sicherungseinrichtung, die im Falle eines Defekts, z. B. Bruch eines Bauteils, das Stützsystem abfängt.
• - Das Stützsystem weist durch einen modularen Aufbau eine große Anzahl von Wiederholteilen auf, womit eine Kostensenkung einhergeht.
• - Das Stützsystem ist durch den modularen Aufbau besonders einfach in kleinen Einheiten zu transportieren.
• - Das Stützsystem gleicht Durchmesseränderungen aufgrund von Temperatureinflüssen spannungsfrei aus.

With the support system according to the invention in particular the following advantages are achieved:

• - Damage to the tower wall (eg by drilling or welding) is eliminated, thus the tower statics can be optimized if necessary.
• - By the invention, the distance to be bridged span can be reduced, in particular halved.
• - Self-adjusting clamping force as a function of the vertical force.
• - Free choice of installation height in a tower without having to prepare the tower wall in any way.
• - Several such support systems according to the invention can be vertically spaced positioned in the tower.
• - The support system can be modified for different tower diameters and / or adjustable so that it can be arranged in different heights of a conical tower.
• - The support system has a safety device, which in case of failure, eg. B. Breakage of a component that intercepts the support system.
• - The support system has a large number of repetitive parts due to a modular structure, which is associated with a cost reduction.
• - The support system is particularly easy to transport in small units due to the modular design.
• - The support system compensates for changes in diameter due to temperature influences stress-free.

list of figures

• 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Stützsystems für eine Plattform innerhalb eines Turmes gemäß der Erfindung,
• 2 eine Teilansicht des Stützsystems aus 1 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
• 3 eine Detailansicht eines Peripherieelements des Stützsystems in einer perspektivischen Darstellung und
• 4 ein Kräftediagramm des erfindungsgemäßen Stützsystems.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show this

• 1 a side view of a support system for a platform within a tower according to the invention,
• 2 a partial view of the support system 1 in an enlarged view,
• 3 a detailed view of a peripheral element of the support system in a perspective view and
• 4 a force diagram of the support system according to the invention.

The 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of a support system according to the invention 1 for platforms 2 inside a tower of a wind turbine. The support system 1 has support means, which in the vertical tower axis A merged at a centrally located central element 10 are movably mounted and attached to the tower wall 5 support. In the exemplary embodiment, three support means, each consisting of a peripheral element 30 , which serves as a pressing device 31 is formed, and two as push rods 21 . 22 trained fasteners 20 available. The support means are star-shaped, each offset by 120 °, on the central element 10 pivoted. The pressing devices 31 each include a holder 33 and a support bracket 34 as well as two connecting straps 35 to which the push rods 21 . 22 are pivotally mounted. As the 1 can be further seen, is perpendicular by the pressing device 31 a safety rope 41 guided, which below the pressing device 31 through a rope clamp 42 a safety device 40 is secured. Every safety rope 41 is preferably struck firmly on an annular flange arranged above a tower section of the tower. Should it happen due to unforeseeable events that a Anpresseinrichtung 31 fails, the support system 1 and thus the platform to be supported 2 through the with the safety ropes 41 connected rope clamps 42 secured and intercepted. The safety ropes 41 the safety device 40 are designed as steel cables.

The 2 shows a partial view of the support system 1 out 1 in an enlarged view, with only a pressing device 31 is shown. The pressing device 31 is about two push rods 21 . 22 , the bilaterally clevises 23 have, with the central element 10 connected and there to a connecting lug 15 pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis. As the 2 can detect, includes the pressing device 31 in the exemplary embodiment, a U-shaped holder 33 , which is in the upper section via a pressure element 32 on the tower wall 5 supported. The holder 33 can be made of edged or welded sheet steel or formed as a metal casting. In the lower section is the holder 33 from a U-shaped support bracket 34 enclosed on the lower connecting lug 35 is welded. The upper connecting lug 35 is directly on the holder 33 and / or the guide tube 43 arranged. In the embodiment according to 2 are the top and bottom terminal lugs 35 with a connecting strap 36 releasably connected. As the 2 can be further seen, is the safety rope 41 through a guide tube 43 and the thighs of the owner 33 led, with the safety rope 41 below the holder 33 through the rope clamp 42 is secured. Should it happen due to unforeseeable events that a Anpresseinrichtung 31 fails, the support system 1 and thus the platform to be supported 2 through the with the safety ropes 41 connected rope clamps 42 secured and / or intercepted.

The 3 shows a detailed view of a peripheral element 30 in the form of a pressing device 31 in a perspective view with a base body, the U-shaped holder 33 made of folded sheet steel. The holder 33 has an upper and a lower leg, which is the tower wall 5 facing away from the center of the tower. The angled legs are each in the vertical direction with a through hole for performing the safety rope 41 Provided. The angled thighs of the holder 33 are also in the vertical direction with the guide tube 43 connected by which the safety rope 41 also guided, with the rope clamp 42 prevents the pressing device 31 can fall down in case of failure. The 3 also shows the U-shaped support bracket 34 , with his thighs the lower part of the U-shaped holder 33 surrounds such that both legs to the tower wall 5 point and be supported on this. Inside of the support bracket 34 Welding nuts or thread welding bushes, not shown, are welded, through each of which a preloading screw 37 is guided. In the holder 33 are in extension of the axes of the preload screws 37 provided corresponding through holes, so that the biasing screws 37 through the holder 33 through to the tower wall 5 are feasible. In the space between the upper end of the guide tube 43 and the upper leg of the holder 33 is the connecting lug 35 arranged. The connecting lug 35 is with the clevis 23 the upper push rod 21 movably connected. Through the holes in the clevis 23 and in the connecting lug 35 is a bolt, a shaft o. Ä. Guided, whereby a mobile and stable connection is given. Again 3 it can be seen further, are between the upper terminal lug 35 and the lower connecting lug 35 two connecting straps 36 arranged. The connecting straps 36 are on both sides outside of the fork heads in the present embodiment 23 the upper push rod 21 and the lower push rod 22 movably mounted.

The 4 shows a force diagram of the support system according to the invention 1 , Again 4 it can be seen, is the central element 10 through a pair of fasteners 20 in the form of push rods 21 . 22 articulated with the peripheral element 30 connected and thus forms a force-transmitting four-bar linkage. The weight of one on the central element 10 resting platform 2 becomes - as the black arrows show - as vertical force Fv introduced into the system and proportionally on the push rods 21 . 22 as compressive force Fp (arrows in dashed line) across the tower axis A on the peripheral elements 30 of which, for the sake of clarity, only one peripheral element 30 shown is transmitted. Every peripheral element 30 in turn is supported by the horizontal force F _H on the tower wall 5 as shown by the arrows in outline. The corresponding counterforce or horizontal reaction force F _RH is in the 4 reproduced with notched black arrows. The horizontal force F _H shares with the peripheral element 30 , which serves as a pressing device 31 is formed on several printing elements 32 on how that in detail the 2 and / or 3 can be seen. To hold the pressing device 31 in unloaded condition are not shown here biasing screws 37 (see. 3 ), which is part of the horizontal force F _H muster. As the 4 can be further seen, is at the pressing device 31 a safety device 40 provided a safety rope 41 and a rope clamp 42 includes. Should the pressing device 31 fail due to a defect, this is by the with the safety rope 41 connected rope clamp 42 intercepted, using the safety rope 41 and the rope clamp 42 the vertical reaction force F _RV (dashed arrow) is applied. The greater the vertical force Fv The stronger and stronger the support system 1 with the pressing devices 31 automatically on the tower wall 5 from. Conversely, it acts at a very low vertical force Fv essentially only the bias applied by the preload screws or the proportional horizontal force F _H ,

In further embodiments, the support system 1 also four or more pressing devices 31 have, wherein the vertical force Fv proportionally diverted into the respective connecting elements. Also, a uniform angular distribution inside the tower is not necessary, other angles are selected according to the structural conditions. Several such support systems according to the invention 1 can also be vertically spaced in the tower and positioned by self-clamping or be. In a modification of the support system, not shown 1 are the upper push rod 21 and the lower push rod 22 on a common receptacle on the central element 10 stored, leaving a triangle with the connecting strap 36 , quasi as countercathete, is formed. Because the resulting triangle through the fixed lengths of the push rods 21 . 22 and the connection tab 36 is determined, are also the angles between the push rods 21 . 22 and the connection tab 36 fixed and thus not changeable. In such a modification of the support system 1 would be the common recording of the upper push rod 21 and the connection tab 36 horizontally movable perform.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

support system

2

platform

5

tower wall

10

central element

15

connection tab

20

connecting element

21

pushrod

22

pushrod

23

clevis

30

peripheral element

31

pressing device

32

pressure element

33

holder

34

support bracket

35

connection tab

36

connecting strap

37

preloading screw

40

safety device

41

Safety wire

42

Seilklemme

43

guide tube

A

tower axis

Fv

vertical force

F _H

Horizontal force

F _P

thrust

F _RH

Reaction force horizontally

F _RV

Reaction force vertical

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2010/058037 A2 [0004]
• US 2011/0140437 A1 [0006]
• DE 202012009889 U1 [0007]
• WO 03/067083 A1 [0007]

Claims (15)

Support system (1) for a platform (2) and / or other installations within a tower of a wind turbine, comprising a central element (10), at least three peripheral elements (30) and at least three connecting elements (20), the peripheral elements (30) passing through Connecting elements (20) are connected in a star shape with the central element (10) and wherein the central element (10) is designed and adapted to receive forces vertically and deliver radially, characterized in that the peripheral elements (30), the connecting elements (20) and the central element (10) are hinged together. Support system (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the central element (10) forms a four-bar linkage in a vertical plane, each with a peripheral element (30) articulated by a pair of connecting elements (20). Support system (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the central element (10) comprises a round or polygonal base body on which a plurality of receptacles, but at least three receptacles are arranged pointing radially outwards and each for the connection of at least one connecting element (20) are formed and arranged. Support system (1) after Claim 1 . 2 or 3 , characterized in that the connecting elements (20) as push rods (21, 22) are formed, each on both sides connecting elements, wherein the push rods (21, 22) of the central element (10) are inclined starting obliquely downwards. Support system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the peripheral elements (30) as pressing means (31) are formed, wherein each pressing device (31) has a holder (33) on which at least one receptacle for the connection of a connecting element (20) and at least one pressure element (32 ) is arranged. Support system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the support system (1) comprises a securing device (40) comprising a safety rope (41), a cable clamp (42) and a guide tube (43), wherein the guide tube (43) on the peripheral element (30) is and the safety rope (41) through the guide tube (43) is guided. Support system (1) after Claim 6 , characterized in that the pressing device (31) comprises a U-shaped holder (33) with an angled upper leg and an angled lower leg, which point to the tower axis A, wherein the angled legs through the guide tube (43) of the securing device (40 ) are interconnected and each having a through hole for receiving and / or for connecting the guide tube (43). Support system (1) after Claim 7 characterized in that the pressing means (31) comprises a U-shaped support bracket (34) having an angled right leg and an angled left leg facing away from the turret axis A, the legs including a lower portion of the U-shaped bracket (34). 33) engage around and wherein the U-shaped support bracket (34) with the U-shaped holder (33) is detachably connected and is designed and adapted to be supported on a tower wall (5). Support system (1) after Claim 8 , characterized in that the support bracket (34) has at least two threaded screws mounted in the preloading screws (37) which are feasible through a corresponding opening in the holder (33). Support system (1) after Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that on the upper leg of the U-shaped holder (33), a first connecting lug (35) is arranged, on which a first push rod (21) is pivotally mounted and on the support bracket (34) has a second connecting lug (35) is arranged, on which a second push rod (22) is pivotally mounted. Support system (1) after Claim 10 , characterized in that the first connecting lug (35) on the upper leg of the U-shaped holder (33) and the second connecting lug (35) on the support bracket (34) by a connecting strap (36) are detachably connected. Support system (1) according to at least one of Claims 7 to 11 , characterized in that the catching cable (41) is guided by the upper leg of the U-shaped holder (33), the guide tube (43) and the lower leg of the U-shaped holder (33), wherein below the lower leg a cable clamp (42) is connected to the safety rope (41) and wherein at least one dimension of the cable clamp (42) transverse to the rope running direction, such as a diameter or a diagonal, is greater than the diameter or the diagonal of the guide tube (43). Support system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central element (10) comprises a round or polygonal base body, on the upper side a plurality of receptacles, but at least three receptacles are provided for establishing a connection to a platform. Support system (1) after Claim 13 , characterized in that the central element (10) has a central through-opening in the base body for performing a cable bundle and / or a scaffold. Tower of a wind turbine with at least one support system (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 14 ,

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