DE202017006697U1 - Device for collecting dusty building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) for collecting dusty building materials, in particular asbestos-containing building materials, with a first opening (2), a second, in particular the first opening (2) opposite, opening (3), a receiving area (4) for collecting the dusting substances and a suction chamber (5) for extracting dusts, the first opening (2) opening into the receiving area (4), the second opening (3) connecting the receiving area (4) to the suction space (5), characterized in that Receiving area (4) with the suction chamber (5) via a bypass channel (6) is connected.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for collecting dusty building materials, in particular asbestos-containing building materials, having a first opening, a second, in particular the first opening opposite opening, a receiving area for collecting the dusting substances and a suction chamber for sucking dusts, wherein the first Opening in the receiving area opens, wherein the second opening connects the receiving area with a suction chamber.

Renovation work, such as demolition, renovation, and maintenance work, regularly requires the removal of building materials, such as plaster, mortar, tiles or the like. This inevitably leads to dust releases, which are regularly undesirable. Dusts are in the air suspended ferste particles of the building materials.

Extensive measures must be taken to prevent the release of building materials or dusts, especially in the case of building materials and dusts that are hazardous to health, for example asbestos-containing building materials. In addition to the legal regulations, the Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances (TRGS) provide practical suggestions for the handling of such hazardous substances. For asbestos-containing building materials the TRGS 519 is decisive. In addition to the organizational measures specified there, a number of preparatory actions are required for the actual renovation work.

So the actual work area must be spatially separated and connected to a chamber lock, so that in the work area liberated building materials and dusts can not get into the environment. Usually, a negative pressure holding device is connected to this, which generates a negative pressure in the working area, so that even if the spatial separation is damaged there is no release of the building materials and dusts from the working area.

Furthermore, the specialists working in the work area must be equipped with appropriate protective suits and respiratory masks so that they are protected from harmful building materials and dusts.

Regardless of these provisions, it is desirable to have the release of dusts during operations already at the source, i. in the vicinity of the work carried out, if possible to minimize, which is why often an additional suction hose is used by the professionals. The suction tube is held as close as possible to the source of exposure, so that the released dusts do not spread in the closed working area, but are directly sucked off and thus discharged. This also minimizes the cleaning effort in the separated work area itself and protects the skilled workers against excessive exposure of health-endangering building materials and dusts.

Non-suspended building materials must be collected, collected and disposed of in the work area. The case inevitably occurring dust releases are undesirable despite the precautions described above for several reasons. Thus, the separated work area contaminated by the additional release of dust, which makes a more complex cleaning of the work area required. In addition, the skilled workers are exposed to the additionally released dusts, which should be avoided in health-endangering building materials and dusts.

It is therefore the object to provide a device which prevents or at least reduces the release of dust when collecting dusty materials.

This object is achieved with a device according to claim 1. The device according to the invention is suitable for collecting dusty building materials, in particular asbestos-containing building materials, and has a first opening and a second opening, in particular opposite the first opening. Furthermore, a receiving area for collecting the dusting substances and a suction space for sucking dusts are provided. In this case, the first opening opens into the receiving area and the second opening connects receiving area with the suction chamber. According to the invention it is provided that the receiving area is connected to the suction chamber via a bypass channel.

Components can be collected via the first opening and into the receiving area. Through the second opening, the dusts arising during the collection of the components can be sucked out of the receiving area into the suction space. For this, the suction chamber can be connected to a corresponding suction hose, which dissipates the dusts in a known manner. Because the second opening, which connects the receiving area and the suction chamber, can be clogged by the components, the bypass channel is provided, which additionally connects the receiving area and the suction chamber. Therefore, suction of the dusts from the receiving area is ensured even when suction through the second opening is not possible via the bypass channel. Therefore, the dust release is prevented when collecting dusty materials or at least reduced.

For suction, it is essential to provide a connection for a suction hose. Therefore, the shape and size of the suction chamber must be adapted to the connections of common extraction hoses. The suction hoses regularly have diameters of at least 100 mm

It is preferred if a cross grid is provided in the second opening and / or the suction space. This prevents building materials from penetrating through the second opening and / or the suction space and blocking the suction of the dusts. As a cross grid in the context of the present application, any device is to be understood, which is permeable to building materials and dusts with a mean particle diameter of below 90 mm, preferably below 60 mm, more preferably below 45 mm and impermeable to building materials and dusts with a mean particle diameter from above 90 mm, preferably below 60 mm, more preferably below 45 mm. The cross grid can be formed in the simplest case of two orthogonally aligned bars. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to use a plurality of parallel and / or orthogonal aligned rods or other known grating structures. Preferably, the cross lattice of a metal material, eg. Iron, aluminum or steel.

According to a preferred embodiment, the bypass channel is formed within a handle. Accordingly, the device has a hollow handle, which preferably connects the receiving area and the suction chamber with each other. This allows a particularly simple and therefore cost-effective design of the device, at the same time the handling of the device is particularly user-friendly.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first opening has at least one straight edge. Such an edge makes it possible to apply the device essentially in a form-fitting manner with the straight edge to a work surface. Therefore, dust-removing building materials detached from the surface can easily enter the first opening in the receiving area, in particular if the building materials are detached from the working surface. Therefore, this embodiment is particularly preferred when plate-shaped components are to be detached from the working surface, as is the case, for example, in the detachment of wall flow.

In continuation of this idea, the rectilinear edge of the first opening is provided with bristles, so that falling from the first opening building materials are absorbed by the bristles. The bristles also take on additional dusts, which can be removed easily and with little effort by the bristles.

It is particularly preferred to carry out the first opening with a rectangular cross-section. On the one hand, this represents a simple and therefore cost-effective design and makes it possible to apply the device well to flat surfaces.

In a preferred embodiment, a third opening adjoins the first opening, which opens into the receiving area and whose cross section with the cross section of the first opening an angle of less than 180 °, preferably an angle of 120 ° to 160 °, particularly preferred 140 ° ± 10 °. In other words, both the first and third openings merge and form an opening area. The fact that the angle which is enclosed by the first and the third opening is below 180 °, the receiving area can absorb the dusty building materials easier.

It is further preferred if the cross section of the receiving region becomes smaller from the first opening to the second opening. In other words, the receiving area is funnel-shaped and tapers from the first opening to the second opening. As a result, larger building material parts collect in the part of the receiving area which is adjacent to the first opening and closer to this opening than at the second opening.

In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the bypass channel is smaller than the cross section of the second opening. This causes the flow rate of the extracted air in the second Opening is less than in the bypass. This is the case in particular when the suction power applied by the suction chamber is applied uniformly to the second opening and to the bypass channel.

One possible use of a device as described above comprises a method for removing asbestos-containing building materials, in particular asbestos-containing tiles and / or asbestos-containing tile adhesive.

A method for removing dusty building materials includes detachment and collection of the dusting materials with a device described above and simultaneous extraction of the resulting dusts from the device.

This method will be explained by way of example with reference to the removal of wall tiles and the underlying asbestos-containing tile adhesive. It is understood that the method exemplified below can also be used for other building materials and prevents or at least makes it difficult to release dust.

As a preparatory measure, the working area can be spatially separated and connected to a 3-chamber lock before carrying out the method for removing dusty building materials. The severed working area can also be connected to a vacuum holding device, if so prescribed or deemed necessary.

For sucking off the dust produced, the device described above is connected to a suction hose which is connected to an extraction system, for example a system with 45 KW and a maximum flow rate of 2000 m ³ / h, in particular a VAC TRAILER S - 1 K1 from Wieland, connected.

The building materials, here the wall tiles, are detached by means of an electric chisel and collected by the device described above. The resulting dusts are removed from the extraction system via the connected suction hose. The detached building materials are outside the opening device must be removed and packaged airtight, so that they can be removed from the separated work area and safely supplied to a corresponding disposal facility.

After the wall tiles have been removed, the exposed asbestos tile adhesive may be provided with a fiber binder and, after an exposure time of about 30 minutes, be removed with the electric bit directly into the device described above.

The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments and with reference to the drawings. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any combination form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of their combination in the claims or their relationships.

Show it:

1 a top view of the device according to the invention,

2 a side view of the device according to the invention,

3 a sectional view taken along the plane AA of the device according to the invention, and

4 a front view of the device according to the invention.

In 1 is a plan view of the device according to the invention 1 shown. The device 1 has a first opening 2 in the reception area 4 opens, its top 4a in 1 can be seen. For example. is the length of the top 4a 335 mm ± 30 mm. To the reception area 4 closes on the first opening 2 opposite back 4d the suction chamber 5 at. Between the reception area 4 and the suction room 5 is the second opening 3 arranged, which connects both together.

A bypass channel 6 additionally connects the reception area 4 and the suction room 5 so even in the event that the second opening 3 is blocked by building materials, a suction of dusts from the receiving area 4 is ensured. This is the reception area 4 a first bypass channel opening 6a intended and at the suction room 5 a second bypass opening 6b , wherein the bypass channel openings 6a . 6b the bypass channel 6 with the recording area 4 or with the suction chamber 5 , The bypass channel 6 is inside a hollow handle 7 , here with a diameter of 35 mm ± 5 mm, formed. The handle 7 as well as the bypass channel 6 are formed part-circular here.

How best 2 To recognize the receiving area tapers 4 from the first opening 2 to the second opening 3 out. At the first opening 2 closes a third opening 8th whose cross section together with the cross section of the first opening 2 For example, an angle α of 140 ° ± 10 ° includes. The length of the third opening 8th from the connection to the first opening 2 to the connection to the top 4a of the recording area 4 may be 50 mm ± 5 mm, for example.

The suction room 5 Here is a tubular section that allows a connection of a suction hose (not shown). For this purpose, the suction chamber includes 5 a suction opening 5a , which here the second opening 3 opposite. Furthermore, the outer contour of the suction chamber 5 in a run with the bottom 4b of the recording area 4 , For example, the suction chamber 5 have a diameter of 95 mm ± 5 mm and an axial length of 150 mm ± 10 mm, which extends from the suction opening 5a to the second opening 3 extends.

Viewed in the flow direction of the dusts to be sucked off, ie in the direction of the second opening 3 from the first opening 2 out, is behind the second opening 3 a cross grid 9 in the storage room 5 intended. How best 4 The cross stands again 9 from a first staff 9a and a second rod orthogonal thereto 9b , For example, metal rods with a diameter of 9.5 mm ± 1 mm can be used for this purpose. For fixing the cross lattice 9 in the storage room 5 the latter corresponds to the diameter of the bars 9a and 9b configured passage openings, in which the rods 9a and 9b can be inserted.

As in particular from the 2 . 3 and 4 to take out are the bars 9a and 9b retractable stored in the corresponding through holes, so that the rods 9a and 9b for cleaning the cross lattice 9 can be pulled out, for example, in the Kreuzgitter 9 to remove wedged sections of building materials.

Here is the first staff 9a in terms of the drawing plane and the usual orientation of the device 1 arranged substantially horizontally and the second rod 9b arranged vertically accordingly. Nevertheless, an unintentional falling out of the second staff 9b To prevent this, only a through hole is provided for this, on the top 4a of the recording area 4 facing side of the suction chamber 5 is provided. As a corresponding through hole on the bottom 4b facing side of the suction chamber 5 Missing, the second staff can 9b in a conventional orientation of the device 1 do not fall out. So the second staff 9b despite its storage in only one passage opening has sufficient stability for the capture of portions of the building materials, this is in relation to the first rod 9a arranged so that the second rod 9b on the first bar 9a rests. That's the first staff 9a in the flow direction of the dusts to be sucked off in front of the second rod 9b arranged.

In the 3 the longitudinal section AA is shown. It can be seen that the recording area 4 at his to the suction room 5 adjacent end to the second opening 3 tapers. There are two slopes for this 4e provided, which differ from the respective side walls 4c to the back wall 4d towards the second opening 3 extend. For example. can the bevels 4e as simultaneous triangles integral with the walls 4c and 4d be formed. In particular, the slopes are 4e in the first sixth of the reception area 4 , from the second opening 3 to the first opening 2 considered, arranged. The slopes 4e prevent dust accumulation in the suction chamber 5 adjacent end of the reception area 4 ,

The 4 finally shows a front view of the device according to the invention 1 , It can be clearly seen that the bottom 4b of the recording area 4 with a straight edge of the first opening 2 closes, which can be additionally provided with bristles and is suitable for application to a flat work surface.

The advantages achieved with the device according to the invention with regard to the reduced release of dust will be explained below on the basis of exemplary measurements.

The measurements were carried out in three working areas I, II and III, which were initially spatially separated and connected to a 3-chamber lock as described above.

The working area I has a floor area of 12 m ² in a bathroom.

The working area II has a floor area of 18 m ² in a kitchen.

Work area III also has a floor area of 18 m ² in a kitchen.

In all work areas, wall tiles that had been glued with an asbestos-containing tile adhesive were removed. The tiles were mechanically detached using an electric chisel operated by a skilled person and collected by the device according to the invention. The device was connected to an exhaust system with a capacity of 45 kW and a maximum flow rate of 2000 m ³ / h. In addition, the dust was sucked into the dusts during the removal of the tiles with a second suction hose directly at the point of origin of the dusts, which is taken over by a second specialist. The separated wall tiles were removed from the device according to the invention and packed airtight in designated polyethylene bags. After peeling off the wall tiles, the tile adhesive disclosed was sprayed with a fiber binder and, after 30 minutes of exposure time, detached from the wall and collected by the device according to the invention. After removing the tiles and the tile adhesive, the work area is roughly and finely cleaned.

The measurement, the results of which are shown in Table 3 below, were carried out with personal measuring devices (GSA SG 5100), which comply with the requirements of DGUV I 213-543.

In addition, measurements of the asbestos fiber releases were carried out with a personal FSP10 particulate matter sampling system. The FSP10 were connected to stationary pumps via silicone tubing and the alveolar dusts were deposited on a 37 mm diameter cellulose nitrate filter. The mass of the separated dust was determined by differential action in a fully conditioned weighing room at 25 ° C and 50% ± 2% humidity. determined. The throughput of dusty air was 10l / min for all measurements.

As can be seen from Table 1, asbestos fibers were deposited on the cellulose nitrate filter near or below the detection limit. Furthermore, the measured asbestos fiber releases are well below the limit value of 1250 μg / m ³ (limit value according to TRGS 900 (2.4 General dust limit value)). At best, therefore, there was an extremely slight release of asbestos fibers with the device according to the invention. Table 1: Results asbestos fiber releases APC filter Air volume (m ³ ) Differential weighing (μg) Calculated value (μg / m ³ ) Detection limit (μg / m ³ ) 1 0.9 310 344 336 2 0.9 330 367 336 3 0.95 220 323 318 4 0.95 270 284 318 5 1.05 80 76 288 6 1.05 180 171 288

Table 2, below, assigns the filter numbers in Table 1 to the activity of the two professionals and the work area concerned. As described above, the activity of the first skilled worker consists in removing the tiles or the tile adhesive, while the activity of the second specialist is in the suctioning and collecting of the building materials. Table 2: Assignment of the filter numbers to the activity and the work area APC filter activity Workspace 1 supersede I 2 vacuum I 3 supersede II 4 vacuum II 5 supersede III 6 vacuum III

In addition to the above-described results on asbestos fiber release, release measurements have diminished VDI 3492 as well as measurements according to DGUV I 213-546.

The results of these measurements are summarized in Table 3 below for asbestos. Table 3: Results of release measurements according to VDI 3492 and measurements according to DGUV I 213-546 Asbestos (F / m ³ ) Workspace activity reading Upper limit Type of measurement I supersede <2110 6330 BGI I vacuum <2110 6330 BGI I release <100 290 F II supersede <2000 6000 BGI II vacuum <2000 6000 BGI II release <100 290 F III supersede <1810 5420 BGI III vacuum <1810 5420 BGI III release 100 290 F F: Release measurement with sampling device APC PNA 384
BGI: Measurement according to DGUV I 213-546 with sampling device GSA SG 5100
F: number of fibers
Upper limit represents 95% of the confidence range of a Poisson distribution in F / m ³ and therefore indicates that the measurement is within the confidence interval.

Because of the VDI 3492 If the specified limit value for the above measurements is 2500 F / m ³ , the limit will be met in every case considered. In addition, the results listed above show that the device according to the invention prevents or at least reduces the release of dust during detachment and collection of dusty building materials.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 contraption

2

 first opening

3

 second opening

4

 reception area

4a

 Top of the reception area

4b

Bottom of the reception area

4c

 Side wall of the reception area

4d

 Rear of the recording area

4e

 slope

5

 suction

5a

 suction

6

 bypass channel

6a

 first bypass channel opening

6b

 second bypass channel opening

7

 handle

8th

 third opening

9

 cross grating

9a

 first staff

9b

 second staff

α

 angle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• VDI 3492 [0052]
• VDI 3492 [0054]

Claims (8)

Contraption ( 1 ) for collecting dusty building materials, in particular asbestos-containing building materials, with a first opening ( 2 ), a second, in particular the first opening ( 2 ) opposite, opening ( 3 ), a recording area ( 4 ) for collecting the dusting substances and a suction space ( 5 ) for extracting dusts, wherein the first opening ( 2 ) in the reception area ( 4 ), wherein the second opening ( 3 ) the recording area ( 4 ) with the suction space ( 5 ), characterized in that the receiving area ( 4 ) with the suction space ( 5 ) via a bypass channel ( 6 ) connected is. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the second opening ( 3 ) and / or the suction chamber ( 5 ) a cross grid ( 9 ) is provided. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass channel ( 6 ) within a handle ( 7 ) is trained. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first opening ( 2 ) has at least one rectilinear edge, which is preferably provided with bristles. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first opening ( 2 ) has a rectangular cross-section. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first opening ( 2 ) a third opening ( 8th ), which leads into the receiving area ( 4 ) and its cross section with the cross section of the first opening ( 2 ) includes an angle of less than 180 °. Contraption ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-section of the receiving area is smaller from the first opening to the second opening. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the bypass channel ( 6 ) smaller than the cross section of the second opening ( 3 ).

Images