DE202014100301U1 - Selective overcurrent protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

Selective overcurrent protection device (1) comprising at least one separation device (T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ ), at least one overcurrent protection device (I _MAX ) for protection against overload, wherein the overload occurs in a range starting from approximately a few milliseconds, characterized in that the selective overcurrent protection device (1) comprises at least one further monitoring device selected from the group consisting of overvoltage monitoring device (USE), undervoltage monitoring device (USE), protection device for transient overvoltages (TRAV), wherein a transient overvoltage occurs in a range starting from approximately a few nanoseconds, protection device for temporary Overvoltages (TOV), where a temporary overvoltage occurs in a range starting from approximately a few milliseconds, monitoring device for N-conductor failure (LF _N ), and monitoring device for PE-conductor failure (LF _PE ), wherein at E recognize a fault on the part of the further monitoring device, the at least one separating device (T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ ) is activated.

Description

The invention relates to a selective overcurrent protection device.

Current systems of electrical installation usually have an overcurrent protection device. This is arranged in the so-called lower connection space of the counter space. A typical embodiment of such an overcurrent protection device is, for example, a so-called SH switch (selective main line protection switch). These overcurrent protection devices are circuit breakers that switch off the current in the event of a short circuit not immediately, but delayed.

Depending on the specification of the corresponding energy supplier or due to other standards, it can be provided that this selective overcurrent protection device is lockable and / or sealable. Independently of this, the selective overcurrent protection device also provides a disconnecting device for commissioning the customer system, a disconnecting device for the measuring and control devices and a central overcurrent protection device for the customer system, the measuring devices and the lines to the circuit distributor. The aforementioned functions are provided as a rule for each counter space.

Taking into account the steadily increasing use of electronically controlled and regulated components in almost all technical installations, comprehensive protection of these investments is becoming more and more important.

While such a design may provide protection against short-circuit currents, the present systems are not susceptible to other failures such as short circuits. N-conductor faults, overvoltages or undervoltages of any kind, protected. These other errors can cause lasting damage to a system and pose a serious danger.

The danger not only affects the system itself but can also affect the network that supplies it. This problem will continue to increase with the constantly changing network structure and the large number of feeding facilities.

In principle, it is possible to monitor one or more of the aforementioned faults in the system itself by the customer. However, this leads to a variety of facilities, which each have to be wired consuming and therefore both expensive and error prone.

The invention is based on the object to avoid these disadvantages and to provide an improved selective overcurrent protection device.

This object is achieved by the features of the selective overcurrent protection device of claim 1.

It shows

1 a selective overcurrent protection device according to the invention.

The 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the selective overcurrent protection device 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.

This selective overcurrent protection device 1 has in the embodiment for a three-phase network, ie a three-phase network, usually for each of the phases L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ each have a separator T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ . Without further ado, the inventive selective overcurrent protection device 1 be designed for a single-phase network, so that only one separator T _{1 is provided} for the corresponding phase L ₁ .

Furthermore, the inventive selective overcurrent protection device 1 at least one overcurrent protection device I _MAX for protection against overload, wherein the overload occurs in a range starting from about a few milliseconds. That is, the overcurrent protection device I _MAX as the first monitoring device is the classic use according to a SH-switch.

The selective overcurrent protection device 1 also has at least one further monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE . Upon detection of a fault on the part of the further monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE , the at least one separating device T ₁ , T ₂ , T _{3 is} activated. This further monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE can be integrated in the selective overcurrent protection device 1 be or be separated from this with an operative connection, for example via a telecommunications device, be connected to enable activation of the separation devices T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ .

By this arrangement it is achieved that the wiring complexity is minimized in relation to the lines of the system to be protected and thus the susceptibility to errors is reduced.

In addition, the arrangement represents by their use of the separation devices T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ for a variety of purposes of error protection an increase in efficiency, since now no longer a plurality of separation devices T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ for each individual monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE must be provided.

Such a further monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE may, for example, a temporary overvoltage protection device TOV, wherein a temporary overvoltage occurs in a range starting from approximately a few milliseconds, an overvoltage monitoring device USE (in 1 not shown), an undervoltage monitoring device USE (in 1 not shown), a transient overvoltage protection device TRAV, where a transient overvoltage occurs in a range starting from approximately a few nanoseconds, an N-conductor fault monitor LF _N , and a PE ladder fault monitor LF _PE .

Without further ado, as in the 1 represent a plurality of these further monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE in the inventive selective overcurrent protection device 1 be integrated, it should be noted that not all of the other monitoring devices TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE necessarily also the separation devices T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ must activate, but some of these other monitoring devices TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE can also activate other disconnectors, not shown.

In the 1 Surge monitoring device ÜSE, not shown, monitors, for example, a prolonged overvoltage in the range of seconds, as it is known as mains fluctuation. In the same way monitors the in 1 undervoltage monitoring device USE, not shown, whether the mains voltage has a longer lasting undervoltage in the second range. If such a prolonged overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, an error can be detected and reported in the same way, and the at least one isolating device T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ can also be activated.

When an error is detected by the one or more further monitoring devices TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE , the at least one separating device T ₁ , T ₂ , T _{3 is} activated.

That is, by means of the further monitoring device TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE , it is also possible to detect other faults and to use them to protect the system and its devices as information for activating a protective measure. In addition to the previously known and partially prescribed basic functions of the overcurrent protection device, the invention can detect the overvoltages and undervoltages outside the permitted tolerable voltage range and to protect the system by signal via a signal via a telecommunications device FME and / or shut down the entire system.

Furthermore, with appropriate equipment of the selective overcurrent protection device according to the invention 1 in the case of damaging voltage changes due to N-conductor loss or PE conductor loss, this process is detected by the corresponding further monitoring device LF _N , LF _PE and, by means of the separating devices, a shutdown of the system is ensured before the damage occurs. That is, the individual line voltages and the respective voltage to the N conductor can be detected, so that in case of loss of the N conductor of the supply line, the shutdown of the system (directly) can take place.

Furthermore, the invention can have the additional function as (type 1) lightning current arrester in one of the construction variants. That For example, the transient overvoltage protection device TRAV is designed as a type 1 lightning arrester.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the overcurrent protection device 1 a protective device for transient overvoltages as a further monitoring device, wherein the protective device comprises a varistor and / or a suppressor diode and / or a spark gap and / or a gas arrester.

As a result, plant-specific protection against transient overvoltages, e.g. Lightning effects or switching voltage spikes are provided.

Additionally or alternatively, with suitable equipment with further monitoring devices TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE an over-voltage and / or under-voltage can be detected, ie a voltage that leaves the allowed tolerance range, and cause the activation of the separation devices to shut down the system ,

Consequently, it is ensured by the invention that the previously known functions of the previously used overcurrent protection device continue to exist.

Preferably, the inventive selective overcurrent protection device 1 designed so that the selective overcurrent protection device 1 in a lower terminal compartment to install in the same way as the previously used there overcurrent protection device. That is, the type of installation does not change anything.

As far as has been described above, that the inventive selective overcurrent protection device 1 can be arranged in the lower counter space, this is just an example. Other arrangements, for example, as a main switch or as a main fuse in a (sub) distribution are not excluded.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the overcurrent protection device 1 a telecommunication device FME for signaling an error or an overvoltage. Such a telecommunication device FME can be implemented as a data signal with a corresponding error type message or as a pure error signal and also allows errors to be registered at a remote location and to cause an interference suppression as far as possible. In this case, the telecommunication device FME can be designed both as receiving devices and / or as transmitting device. In a transmitting embodiment, an event, which by means of the selective overcurrent protection device 1 is detected, displayed at a remote location. By means of a receiving embodiment, for example, an error that has been detected by an external further monitoring devices TOV, TRAV, LF _N , LF _PE , by the selective overcurrent protection device 1 be detected, and used to activate the separation devices.

Depending on the specifications of energy providers, it may be necessary that the overcurrent protection device 1 is sealable and / or lockable. For this purpose, the overcurrent protection device 1 have the appropriate structural equipment.

It is also preferred that the overcurrent protection device 1 a local signaling device LME, eg a color-changing field or a light-emitting diode or another display, for example a display based on electronic paper. As a result, the switching state or error can be displayed directly at the installation site and thus allow visually detect any state changes.

In order to facilitate the installation can be provided that the selective overcurrent protection device 1 , as in 1 shown, directly on serving busbars S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ can be placed latching. For this purpose, the overcurrent protection device 1 be suitably dimensioned so that, for example, typical 11 mm wide busbars S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ , which are arranged in pairs at a distance of typically 40 mm or 60 mm, are contacted directly. Although in the figure a system with 5 busbars S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S _{5 is} shown, it goes without saying that in the same way also 3- or 4-pole systems can be contacted, either by a suitable embodiment of the overcurrent protection device 1 especially for a 3- or 4-pole system or with a suitable overcurrent protection device 1 , which can be used for 3-, 4- or 5-pole systems.

Alternatively or additionally, it may of course also be provided that the selective overcurrent protection device 1 is arranged to be installed on a mounting plate and / or a support rail, such as a DIN rail.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the further monitoring device is in the overcurrent protection device 1 integrated. This is exemplified in 1 shown. There is an overcurrent protection device 1 shown as a mounting part, which is mounted on busbars S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ and is provided with counter space supply lines ZL. The busbars S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ itself may in turn be connected to the supply lines of the feed of the lower connection space UAR.

Alternatively, the further monitoring device is designed, for example, as a plug-in module or else structurally separated by means of a suitable operative connection with the separating device (s).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Selective overcurrent protection device

L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃

phases

N

 N conductor

PE

 protective conductor

S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅

bus

PTS

 Overvoltage monitoring device

USE

 Undervoltage monitoring device

TOV

 Protective device for temporary overvoltages

TRAV

 Protective device for transient overvoltages

LF _N , LF _PE

 Monitoring device for conductor error

T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃

separator

I _MAX

 Overcurrent protection device

FME

 telecommunications equipment

LME

local message device

UAR

 Infeed Lower connection space

ZL

 Meter slot supply line

Claims (9)

Selective overcurrent protection device ( 1 ), comprising at least one separation device (T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ ), at least one overcurrent protection device (I _MAX ) for protection against overload, wherein the overload occurs in a range starting from approximately a few milliseconds, characterized in that the selective overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) at least one further monitoring device selected from the group consisting of overvoltage monitoring device (USE), undervoltage monitoring device (USE), protective device for transient overvoltages (TRAV), wherein a transient overvoltage occurs in a range starting from approximately a few nanoseconds, temporary overvoltage protection device (TOV), wherein a temporary overvoltage occurs in a range starting from approximately a few milliseconds, monitoring device for N-conductor failure (LF _N ), and monitoring device for PE conductor failure (LF _PE ), wherein upon detection of an error by the further monitoring device the at least one separating device (T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ ) is activated. Overcurrent protection device according to claim 1, wherein the overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) has a telecommunication device (FME) for signaling an error or an overvoltage. Overcurrent protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the further monitoring device is a protection device for transient overvoltages, which has a varistor and / or a suppressor diode and / or a spark gap and / or a gas arrester. Overcurrent protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) is sealable. Overcurrent protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) is lockable. Overcurrent protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) has a local signaling device (LME). Overcurrent protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) directly on serving busbars (S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , S ₄ , S ₅ ) can be placed latching. Overcurrent protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitoring device for N-conductor fault (LF _N ), and / or the monitoring device for PE-conductor fault (LF _PE ) perform a fault current monitoring. Overcurrent protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further monitoring device in the overcurrent protection device ( 1 ) is integrated.

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