DE202011110300U1 - Reactive oligomers - Google Patents
Reactive oligomers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE202011110300U1 DE202011110300U1 DE202011110300U DE202011110300U DE202011110300U1 DE 202011110300 U1 DE202011110300 U1 DE 202011110300U1 DE 202011110300 U DE202011110300 U DE 202011110300U DE 202011110300 U DE202011110300 U DE 202011110300U DE 202011110300 U1 DE202011110300 U1 DE 202011110300U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- reactive oligomers
- oligomers according
- reactive
- compound
- hydroxyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WJVAPEMLIPHCJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-methylpropane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CNCC(C)N WJVAPEMLIPHCJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N lacidipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)(C)C GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 19
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007098 aminolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MASBWURJQFFLOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammeline Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(O)=N1 MASBWURJQFFLOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] WMWXXXSCZVGQAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethenyl-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000034659 glycolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000075 primary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/5399—Phosphorus bound to nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/003—Arrangement for testing of watertightness of water supply conduits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
- E03B7/071—Arrangement of safety devices in domestic pipe systems, e.g. devices for automatic shut-off
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
Reaktive Oligomere, herstellbar durch Kondensation, mit reaktiven endständigen Hydroxyl- und/oder Aminogruppen. dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Phosphorverbindung mit mindestens einer Säurefunktion, mindestens eine Amid- und/oder Aminverbindung und mindestens eine Polyhydroxylverbindung mit einer Hydroxylfunktionalität > 3 bei Temperaturen zwischen 60 und 250°C innerhalb von 30 Minuten bis acht Stunden umgesetzt werden.Reactive oligomers, preparable by condensation, with reactive terminal hydroxyl and / or amino groups. characterized in that at least one phosphorus compound having at least one acid function, at least one amide and / or amine compound and at least one polyhydroxyl compound having a hydroxyl functionality> 3 are reacted at temperatures between 60 and 250 ° C within 30 minutes to eight hours.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft reaktive Oligomere mit reaktiven endständigen Hydroxyl- und/oder Aminogruppen, herstellbar durch Kondensation.The invention relates to reactive oligomers having reactive terminal hydroxyl and / or amino groups, preparable by condensation.
Die Herstellung von Flammschutzmitteln bzw. von Gemischen verschieden wirkender Komponenten zur Erzielung eines hohen Flammschutzes ist bekannt. Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Komponenten der üblicherweise verwendeten Flammschutzmittel jeweils mindestens eine der zur Unterdrückung des Brandes bzw. der Flammausbreitung erforderlichen Wirkung aufweisen:
- – zur Erzeugung von nicht brennbaren Gasen zur Verdünnung des Gemisches an Gasen, die die Verbrennung bewirken, werden Stickstoff-Verbindungen, Hydrate oder Wasser abspaltende Stoffe wie Metallhydroxide eingesetzt;
- – die Erhöhung der Zündtemperatur wird durch Additive wie Metalloxide, Metallhydroxide, schwer brennbare organische Stoffe und/oder durch eine Veränderung der Struktur des Kunststoffs in Bezug auf dessen Abbaubeginn erzielt;
- – die Ausbildung schützender Teerschichten wird durch den Zusatz von rotem Phosphor, organischen oder anorganischen Phosphorverbindungen, eine spezielle Polymerstruktur, bestimmte Metallverbindungen oder Zusatz von polyfunktionellen Hydoxidverbindungen wie Pentaerythrit bewirkt;
- – der Zusatz von anorganischen Additiven in Mengen oberhalb 20% führt zu einer Erhöhung der Temperatur des thermischen Abbaubeginns.
- - For the production of non-combustible gases for dilution of the mixture of gases which cause combustion, nitrogen compounds, hydrates or water-releasing substances such as metal hydroxides are used;
- - The increase in the ignition temperature is achieved by additives such as metal oxides, metal hydroxides, flame-retardant organic substances and / or by a change in the structure of the plastic in relation to the beginning of its degradation;
- The formation of protective tar layers is effected by the addition of red phosphorus, organic or inorganic phosphorus compounds, a special polymer structure, certain metal compounds or addition of polyfunctional hydroxides such as pentaerythritol;
- - The addition of inorganic additives in amounts above 20% leads to an increase in the temperature of the thermal degradation start.
Zu diesen Gemisch-Komponenten werden oftmals weitere zugesetzt, um Synergismen und damit einen zusätzlichen Flammschutz zu erzielen. So wurden beispielsweise oftmals Kombinationen von Antimontrioxid und Phosphorsäureestern verwendet, um eine synergistische Wirkung zu bewirken. In neuerer Zeit wurden zusätzlich Metallhydroxide oder Metalloxide wie Magnesium- und/oder Aluminiumoxid bzw. polyfunktionelle Hydoxylverbindungen wie Pentaerythrit zur Erhöhung der gebildeten Teermenge und zur Erhöhung der Menge der gebildeten nicht brennbaren Gase eingesetzt.To these blend components, more are often added to achieve synergism and thus additional flame retardancy. For example, combinations of antimony trioxide and phosphoric esters have often been used to provide a synergistic effect. In recent times, metal hydroxides or metal oxides such as magnesium and / or alumina or polyfunctional hydroxyl compounds such as pentaerythritol have been used in addition to increase the amount of tar formed and to increase the amount of non-combustible gases formed.
So wird z. B. in der
Gemäß der
In der
In der
Gemäß der
Nach der
In der
Die gegenwärtigen Forderungen nach Ersatz aller halogenhaltigen Flammschutzmittel sowie einer Reihe von monomeren Phosphorverbindungen, insbesondere den bisher häufig eingesetzten Tri(halogenalkyl)phosphaten oder Triarylphosphaten, auf Grund der Gesetzgebung haben zu den oben dargestellten Lösungsvorschlägen geführt. Diese sind in aller Regel jedoch Mischungen von mehreren Verbindungen, die aus einem Polyphosphat, einer Stickstoffverbindung und einer dritten Komponente, in einigen Fällen aus mehreren weiteren Komponenten bestehen. Damit wird es erforderlich, in Zusammensetzungen immer mehrere Komponenten exakt einzuarbeiten. Wünschenswert wäre es, wenn dazu immer nur eine Komponente genutzt werden könnte und für verschiedene Anwendungen gezielt herstellbar wäre.The current demands for replacement of all halogen-containing flame retardants and a number of monomeric phosphorus compounds, in particular the previously used frequently tri (haloalkyl) phosphates or triaryl phosphates, due to the legislation have led to the above proposed solutions. However, these are usually mixtures of several compounds consisting of a polyphosphate, a nitrogen compound and a third component, in some cases of several other components. This makes it necessary to work in compositions always more components exactly. It would be desirable if only one component could be used for this purpose and specifically for different applications would be produced.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, reaktive Oligomere mit intumeszierender flammschützender Wirkung anzubieten, die als Reaktionskomponenten in Polykondensations- und Polyadditionsreaktionen eingesetzt werden können und in den Reaktionsprodukten die drei Funktionen eines optimalen Flammschutzmittels nämlich die Erzeugung nicht brennbarer Gase, die Erhöhung der Zündtemperatur und die Ausbildung schützender Teerschichten simultan bewirken.The object of the invention is to provide reactive oligomers with intumescent flame retardant effect, which can be used as reaction components in polycondensation and polyaddition reactions and in the reaction products, the three functions of an optimal flame retardant namely the generation of non-combustible gases, increasing the ignition temperature and training protective Effect tar layers simultaneously.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit reaktiven Oligomeren gelöst, die durch ein Kondensationsverfahren herstellbar sind, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
mindestens eine Phosphorverbindung mit mindestens einer Säurefunktion,
mindestens eine Amin- und/oder Amidverbindung und
mindestens eine Polyhydroxylverbindung mit einer Hydroxylfunktionalität > 3
bei Temperaturen zwischen 60 und 250°C innerhalb von 30 Minuten bis acht Stunden
umgesetzt werden.According to the invention the object is achieved with reactive oligomers which can be prepared by a condensation process, which is characterized in that
at least one phosphorus compound having at least one acid function,
at least one amine and / or amide compound and
at least one polyhydroxyl compound having a hydroxyl functionality> 3
at temperatures between 60 and 250 ° C within 30 minutes to eight hours
be implemented.
Erfindungsgemäß eignen sich die reaktiven Oligomere als Reaktionskomponenten mit intumeszierender flammschützender Wirkung in Polykondensations- und Polyadditionsreaktionen.According to the invention, the reactive oligomers are suitable as reaction components with intumescent flame retardant action in polycondensation and polyaddition reactions.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments are specified in the subclaims.
So sind die reaktiven Oligomeren herstellbar in einer Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens, die dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Phosphorverbindung Phosphorsäure, Phosphorpentoxid, Natriumdihydrogenphosphat, Ammoniumpolyphosphat oder Kaliumhydrogenphosphat umgesetzt werden.Thus, the reactive oligomers can be prepared in one embodiment of the process, which is characterized in that phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate or potassium hydrogen phosphate are reacted as the phosphorus compound.
In einer Ausgestaltung werden als Amin- und/oder Amidverbindung Diethylentriamin, Dipropylentriamin, Bis-N,N-(2-aminopropyl)methylamin, N-(2-Aminoethyl)-piperazin, Phthalimid, Harnstoff oder substituierte Mono- oder Oligoharnstoffe vorzugsweise mit Aromaten als Substituenten
umgesetzt.In one embodiment, the amine and / or amide compound diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, bis-N, N- (2-aminopropyl) methylamine, N- (2-aminoethyl) piperazine, phthalimide, urea or substituted mono- or Oligoharnstoffe preferably with aromatics as a substituent
implemented.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Polyhydroxylverbindung Sorbit, Xylit, Pentaerythrit, mikrokristalline, mikrofibrillierte oder nanofibrillierte Cellulose, Glycerin, Trimethylolpropan, Glucosiden, Glucose oder Saccharose
umgesetzt werden.A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the polyhydroxyl compound sorbitol, xylitol, pentaerythritol, microcrystalline, microfibrillated or nanofibrillated cellulose, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, glucosides, glucose or sucrose
be implemented.
Eine Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren und/oder nicht in die Reaktion eingreifende Additive umgesetzt werden.A further embodiment provides that in the presence of catalysts and / or non-reactive in the reaction additives are reacted.
In einer Weiterbildung wird unter erhöhtem oder vermindertem Druck umgesetzt.In a development is implemented under increased or reduced pressure.
Eine Ausgestaltung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umsetzung durch die Zugabe der Reaktionskomponenten in den Reaktor bei fortschreitender Erwärmung bis auf die Zieltemperatur der Kondensation während der angegebenen Zeit, ggf. der Anwendung von Über- oder Unterdruck über einen Teil dieser Zeit oder der Gesamtzeit und der Gewinnung der Oligomeren aus dem Reaktor ohne weitere Aufarbeitung erfolgt.An embodiment is characterized in that the reaction by the addition of the reaction components in the reactor with progressing heating up to the target temperature of the condensation during the specified time, possibly the application of positive or negative pressure over part of this time or the total time and the Recovery of the oligomers from the reactor without further workup.
In einer Weiterbildung werden als Amidverbindung nanoskalige Oligoharnstoffdispersionen als alleinige oder partielle Reaktionskomponenten dem Reaktionsgemisch zugesetzt.In a further development, nanosize oligourea dispersions are added to the reaction mixture as sole or partial reaction components as the amide compound.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung besteht darin, dass in einen zusätzlichen Schritt weitere Additive bzw. Reaktionskomponenten wie anorganische Verbindungen wie Metalloxide und/oder Metallhydroxide, Graphen, natürliche oder synthetische Schichtsilikate, Graphit und/oder Phosphate in mikronisierter oder nanoskaliger Form zugesetzt werden.A further embodiment consists in adding further additives or reaction components such as inorganic compounds such as metal oxides and / or metal hydroxides, graphene, natural or synthetic phyllosilicates, graphite and / or phosphates in micronized or nanoscale form in an additional step.
In einer Weiterbildung werden als eine weitere Reaktionskomponente Thiole oder Gemische aus Thiolen und Titandioxid zugesetzt.In a further development, thiols or mixtures of thiols and titanium dioxide are added as another reaction component.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass Gemische aus Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumhydroxid oder Aluminiumoxidhydrat und Thiolen zugesetzt werden.A further embodiment of the invention consists in that mixtures of aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide hydrate and thiols are added.
Eine Weiterbildung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch einen zusätzlichen Schritt der Kondensation oder Addition mit oder von bestimmten Verbindungen der gewünschte pH-Wert oder weitere Eigenschaften eingestellt werden.A further development is characterized in that the desired pH or further properties are set by an additional step of condensation or addition with or of certain compounds.
Die reaktive Oligomere, die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren herstellbar sind und reaktive endständige Hydroxyl- und/oder Aminogruppen aufweisen, sind in einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung durch eine Zusammensetzung von
5 bis 60% Kohlenstoff,
3 bis 20% Wasserstoff,
1 bis 25% Phosphor,
1 bis 20% Stickstoff und
5 bis 25% Sauerstoff
Charakterisiert.The reactive oligomers which can be prepared by the process according to the invention and have reactive terminal hydroxyl and / or amino groups are in one embodiment of the invention by a composition of
5 to 60% carbon,
3 to 20% hydrogen,
1 to 25% phosphorus,
1 to 20% nitrogen and
5 to 25% oxygen
Characterized.
In einer Weiterbildung weisen die reaktiven Oligomere einen pH-Wert im Bereich von 4 bis 11, eine Hydroxyl- bzw. Aminzahl oder eine Summe aus Hydroxylzahl und Aminzahl zwischen 40 und 500, eine Molmasse von 500 bis 1.000.000 und eine Viskosität von 2 bis 200.000 Pas bei 25°C auf.In a development, the reactive oligomers have a pH in the range from 4 to 11, a hydroxyl or amine number or a total Hydroxyl number and amine number between 40 and 500, a molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000 and a viscosity of 2 to 200,000 Pas at 25 ° C.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die reaktiven Oligomeren einen pH-Wert im Bereich von 3 bis 11, eine Hydroxyl- bzw. Aminzahl oder eine Summe aus Hydroxylzahl und Aminzahl zwischen 40 und 500, eine Molmasse von 250 bis 100.000 und eine Viskosität von 0,2 bis 20.000 Pas bei 25°C aufweisen.A further embodiment is characterized in that the reactive oligomers have a pH in the range of 3 to 11, a hydroxyl or amine number or a sum of hydroxyl number and amine number between 40 and 500, a molecular weight of 250 to 100,000 and a viscosity of 0.2 to 20,000 Pas at 25 ° C have.
Eine Weiterbildung besteht darin, dass die reaktiven Oligomere
20 bis 45 Teilen eines Gemisches von Phosphorsäure, Phosphorpentoxid und/oder Ammoniumpolyphosphat, 20 bis 65 Teilen Harnstoff, Phthalimid und/oder einem Polyamin und 3 bis 40 Teilen mikrokristalliner oder fibrillierter Cellulose enthalten,
wobei sich die Mengen immerzu 100 Teilen ergänzen.A further development is that the reactive oligomers
20 to 45 parts of a mixture of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide and / or ammonium polyphosphate, 20 to 65 parts of urea, phthalimide and / or a polyamine and 3 to 40 parts of microcrystalline or fibrillated cellulose,
with the quantities always complementing 100 parts.
Die erfindungsgemäßen reaktiven Oligomeren sind als flüssige, halbfeste und feste Komponenten in Polyadditions- und Polykondensationsreaktionen oder Vorstufen zur Herstellung von Formteilen einsetzbar.The reactive oligomers according to the invention can be used as liquid, semisolid and solid components in polyaddition and polycondensation reactions or precursors for the production of moldings.
Vorteilhafterweise kann durch den Einsatz von nanoskaligen Oligoharnstoffdispersionen als Stickstoff enthaltende Komponente ein hoher Prozentsatz an Stickstoff in die erfindungsgemäßen Oligomeren eingebaut werden. Nanoskalige Oligoharnstoffdispersionen in Alkoholen, Diolen und/oder Polyolen werden z. B. durch Aminolyse oder kombinierte Aminolyse/Glykolyse aus Polyurethanen, vorzugsweise Polyurethan-Weichschaumstoffen nach
Es ist weiterhin von Vorteil, dass bei der Kondensationsreaktion an sich brennbare Stoffe wie Cellulose oder Cellulosederivate erfolgreich zu Oligomeren umgesetzt werden können, die eine intumeszierend flammschützende Wirkung aufweisen.It is also advantageous that in the condensation reaction per se flammable substances such as cellulose or cellulose derivatives can be successfully converted to oligomers which have an intumescent flame retardant effect.
Demzufolge besteht eine besondere erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung aus
- – 20 bis 45 Teilen eines Gemisches von Phosphorsäure, Phosphorpentoxid und/oder Ammoniumpolyphosphat,
- – 20 bis 65 Teilen Harnstoff, Phthalimid und/oder einem Polyamin und
- – 3 bis 40 Teilen mikrokristalliner oder fibrillierter Cellulose,
- From 20 to 45 parts of a mixture of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide and / or ammonium polyphosphate,
- 20 to 65 parts of urea, phthalimide and / or a polyamine and
- From 3 to 40 parts of microcrystalline or fibrillated cellulose,
Diese Zusammensetzung wird bei Temperaturen zwischen 80 und 180°C innerhalb von 30 Minuten bis 5 Stunden ggf. unter vermindertem Druck während des gesamten Prozesses oder einer Teilstufe des Prozesses umgesetzt, so dass durch die Einstellung der Zusammensetzung Oligomere erhalten werden, die mit
5 bis 60% Kohlenstoff,
3 bis 20% Wasserstoff,
1 bis 25% Phosphor,
1 bis 20% Stickstoff und
5 bis 25% Sauerstoff
charakterisiert sind und außerdem
einen pH-Wert im Bereich von 4 bis 11
eine Molmasse von 500 bis 1.000.000 und
eine Viskosität von 2 bis 200.000 Pas bei 25°C
aufweisen.This composition is reacted at temperatures between 80 and 180 ° C within 30 minutes to 5 hours, optionally under reduced pressure during the entire process or a part of the process, so that the adjustment of the composition oligomers are obtained with
5 to 60% carbon,
3 to 20% hydrogen,
1 to 25% phosphorus,
1 to 20% nitrogen and
5 to 25% oxygen
are characterized and besides
a pH in the range of 4 to 11
a molecular weight of 500 to 1,000,000 and
a viscosity of 2 to 200,000 Pas at 25 ° C
exhibit.
An Stelle der Hydroxylverbindungen können weiterhin spezielle Thiole, z. B. Thioglykolsäureester mit einer SH-Funktionalität von 1,5 bis 6 eingesetzt werden. Diese Oligomeren können zusätzlich mit Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumhydroxid, Aluminiumoxidhydroxid und/oder Titandioxid kombiniert werden.In place of the hydroxyl compounds special thiols, z. B. Thioglykolsäureester with an SH-functionality of 1.5 to 6 are used. These oligomers may additionally be combined with alumina, aluminum hydroxide, alumina hydroxide and / or titania.
Die Struktur der erfindungsgemäßen reaktiven Oligomeren ist ein Phosphorsäureester, Polyphosphorsäureester, Phosphorsäuereesteramid, Phosphorsäureesteraminamid oder ein Phosphorsäurehydroxyesteramid.The structure of the reactive oligomers according to the invention is a phosphoric acid ester, polyphosphoric acid ester, phosphoric acid ester amide, phosphoric acid ester aminamide or a phosphoric acid hydroxyester amide.
Auf Grund der vielfältigen Strukturvarianten ist die Angabe einer allgemeinen Formel schwierig und kann nur sehr stark vereinfacht dargestellt werden als worin Y ein aliphatischer, cycloaliphatischer oder Cellulose- oder Chitosan-Rest mit weiteren OH- und/oder NH-Funktionen ist, R ein aliphatischer, ggf. polyfunktioneller Rest, R' ein aliphatischer oder Cellulose-Rest bedeuten.Due to the variety of structural variants, the specification of a general formula is difficult and can be represented only very simplified than wherein Y is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or cellulose or chitosan radical having further OH and / or NH functions, R is an aliphatic, optionally polyfunctional radical, R 'is an aliphatic or cellulose radical.
Von Vorteil ist weiterhin, dass bei einer Co-Kondensation von Phosphorsäure und/oder Phosphorpentoxid und/oder Polyphosphaten mit den Polyhydroxylverbindungen und den Amiden, hier insbesondere Harnstoff, substituierten Harnstoffen oder Oligoharnstoffen, unter Zusatz von weiteren Polyaminen je nach der Zusammensetzung des Reaktionsgemisches flüssige, hochviskose, elastomere oder feste Produkte mit einem vorgegebenen Verhältnis an N:P erhalten werden können, die in hohem Maße intumeszierende Wirkung im Brandfall aufweisen und zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Flammfestigkeit von Produkten, in die sie mit Mengen von 1 bis 30% eingearbeitet werden, führen, so z. B. in der Erhöhung des LOI (Sauerstoffindex) um bis zu 10%-Punkte Sauerstoff im Gasgemisch. A further advantage is that in a co-condensation of phosphoric acid and / or phosphorus pentoxide and / or polyphosphates with the polyhydroxyl compounds and amides, in particular urea, substituted ureas or oligoureas, with the addition of further polyamines depending on the composition of the reaction mixture liquid, highly viscous, elastomeric or solid products can be obtained with a given ratio of N: P, which have a high intumescent effect in case of fire and to a significant improvement in the flame resistance of products in which they are incorporated in amounts of 1 to 30%, lead, so z. B. in the increase of the LOI (oxygen index) by up to 10% points of oxygen in the gas mixture.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen intumeszierend flammschützenden reaktiven oder additiven Oligomeren erfolgt in üblichen Reaktoren mit Heizung, Rührer und Ausrüstung zur Erzeugung eines Unter- oder Überdrucks. Die Umsetzung wird durch die Zugabe der Reaktionskomponenten in der Reihenfolge, wie weiter oben beschrieben, in den Reaktor bei fortschreitender Erwärmung bis auf die Zieltemperatur, der Kondensation während der angegebenen Zeit, ggf. der Anwendung von Über- oder Unterdruck über einen Teil dieser Zeit oder der Gesamtzeit und der Gewinnung der erfindungsgemäßen intumeszierend flammschützenden reaktiven Oligomeren aus dem Reaktor ohne weitere Aufarbeitung oder durch einen zusätzlichen Schritt der Kondensation oder Addition mit oder von bestimmten Verbindungen zur Einstellung des gewünschten pH-Wertes oder weiterer Eigenschaften sowie ggf. unter Hinzufügung weiterer Additiver, hier in erster Linie von anorganischen Verbindungen wie Metalloxiden und/oder Metallhydroxiden, Graphen, natürlichen oder synthetischen Schichtsilikaten, Graphit und/oder Phosphaten in mikronisierter oder nanoskaliger Form durchgeführt.The preparation of the intumescent flame retardant reactive or additive oligomers according to the invention is carried out in conventional reactors with heating, stirrer and equipment to produce a negative or positive pressure. The reaction is carried out by adding the reaction components in the order as described above into the reactor as the heating progresses to the target temperature, the condensation during the indicated time, if necessary the application of positive or negative pressure over part of this time or the total time and recovery of the inventive intumescent flame retardant reactive oligomers from the reactor without further work-up or by an additional step of condensation or addition with or of certain compounds to adjust the desired pH or other properties and optionally with the addition of additional additives here in the first place of inorganic compounds such as metal oxides and / or metal hydroxides, graphene, natural or synthetic phyllosilicates, graphite and / or phosphates in micronized or nanoscale form.
Erfindungsgemäß werden intumeszierend flammschützende reaktive Oligomere in Form von reaktiven Flüssigkeiten mit Viskositäten (25°C, Rotationsviskosimeter) von 1000 bis 50.000 mPas, in Form von reaktiven oder additiven hochviskosen Flüssigkeiten mit Viskositäten (25°C, Rotationsviskosimeter) von 100.000 bis 500.000 mPas, in Form von elastischen Produkten mit Glasübergängen von –45 bis +25°C (DSC) oder in Form von Feststoffen mit Glasübergängen von +35 bis +180°C (DSC) hergestellt. Dabei werden die Eigenschaften, insbesondere die Anzahl und Art reaktiver Gruppen, die Viskosität, der pH-Wert auf die Erfordernisse des betreffenden zu schützenden Polymeren eingestellt.According to the invention intumescent flame retardant reactive oligomers in the form of reactive liquids with viscosities (25 ° C, rotational viscometer) of 1000 to 50,000 mPas, in the form of reactive or additive highly viscous liquids with viscosities (25 ° C, rotational viscometer) of 100,000 to 500,000 mPas, in Form of elastic products with glass transition from -45 to + 25 ° C (DSC) or in the form of solids with glass transition from +35 to +180 ° C (DSC). The properties, in particular the number and type of reactive groups, the viscosity and the pH are adjusted to the requirements of the particular polymer to be protected.
Als Polymere werden eingesetzt Kondensationspolymere wie Polyester, z. B. ungesättigte Polyesterharze, PET, PTT, PBT oder Mischpolymere, Polyamide wie PA66, PA6, PA12, PA14 usw., Polycarbonate, Phenolharze, Harnstoff- oder Melamin-Formaldehyd-Harze, Additionspolymere wie Epoxydharze oder Polyurethane.As polymers are used condensation polymers such as polyester, z. As unsaturated polyester resins, PET, PTT, PBT or copolymers, polyamides such as PA66, PA6, PA12, PA14, etc., polycarbonates, phenolic resins, urea or melamine-formaldehyde resins, addition polymers such as epoxy resins or polyurethanes.
Die erfindungsgemäßen intumeszierend flammschützenden reaktiven Oligomere sind auch als Additive in den Polymeren einsetzbar.The intumescent flame retardant reactive oligomers according to the invention can also be used as additives in the polymers.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
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- US 6479574 B1 [0007] US 6479574 B1 [0007]
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US4241145A (en) | 1979-09-17 | 1980-12-23 | Velsicol Chemical Corporation | Novel intumescent composition |
EP0069500A1 (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-12 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Intumescent flame retardant compositions |
WO1990009418A1 (en) | 1989-02-07 | 1990-08-23 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Improved intumescent flame retardant systems |
WO1997041173A1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Flame retardant composition for polymers |
DE19917932A1 (en) | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-21 | Epik Entwicklung Und Produktio | Production of polyols useful in polyurethane production from polyurethane waste |
US6479574B1 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2002-11-12 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Fire retardant composition for composites |
GB2401367A (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-10 | Prometheus Developments Ltd | Polymeric materials comprising cross-linked oligomers or diorthophosphate diesters |
DE102004019716A1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-08-04 | Ticona Gmbh | Flame retardant composition useful in polyester or polyamide molding materials comprises a polyhydroxy compound and a phosphinate salt |
DE102009000604A1 (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2009-09-10 | Technische Fachhochschule Wildau | Polyurea nanodispersible polyols and process for their preparation |
DE102012200474A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-19 | Performance Chemicals Handels Gmbh | Reactive sols and process for their preparation |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1270360B (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1997-05-05 | Saint Peter Srl | FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITIONS FOR: RECONSTRUCTED WOOD, WORKED WOOD, PAPERS, IMPREGNATED PAPERS, PLASTIC LAMINATES, CARDBOARDS; ADHESIVES BASED ON AMMINORESINS AND FIREPROOFING PROCEDURES THAT USE THEM |
DE102007036465A1 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | Catena Additives Gmbh & Co. Kg | Phosphorus-containing triazine compounds as flame retardants |
DE102008064003A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Clariant International Limited | Process for the preparation of monofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters and salts and their use |
-
2011
- 2011-10-31 DE DE202011110300U patent/DE202011110300U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-10-31 DE DE102011117889A patent/DE102011117889A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4241145A (en) | 1979-09-17 | 1980-12-23 | Velsicol Chemical Corporation | Novel intumescent composition |
EP0069500A1 (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-12 | Great Lakes Chemical Corporation | Intumescent flame retardant compositions |
WO1990009418A1 (en) | 1989-02-07 | 1990-08-23 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Improved intumescent flame retardant systems |
WO1997041173A1 (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Flame retardant composition for polymers |
DE19917932A1 (en) | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-21 | Epik Entwicklung Und Produktio | Production of polyols useful in polyurethane production from polyurethane waste |
US6479574B1 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2002-11-12 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Fire retardant composition for composites |
GB2401367A (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-10 | Prometheus Developments Ltd | Polymeric materials comprising cross-linked oligomers or diorthophosphate diesters |
DE102004019716A1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-08-04 | Ticona Gmbh | Flame retardant composition useful in polyester or polyamide molding materials comprises a polyhydroxy compound and a phosphinate salt |
DE102009000604A1 (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2009-09-10 | Technische Fachhochschule Wildau | Polyurea nanodispersible polyols and process for their preparation |
DE102012200474A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-19 | Performance Chemicals Handels Gmbh | Reactive sols and process for their preparation |
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