DE202011104336U1 - Hydraulic exerciser - Google Patents

Abstract

Training or therapy device for movement training, which has at least one training arm, which is pivotably mounted on a pivot axis of the device, and which has at least one force or resistance transmitter, and on whose at least one resistance element arranged on the training arm by a training person using concentric or eccentric means Exercises the muscles to be trained a torque can be applied, wherein the force or resistance transmitter is provided at least as part of a hydraulic device on the training device, characterized in that the hydraulic device (10) is provided with at least one drive means (13) that the Training arm (2) by which at least one drive means (13) can be driven in a controlled manner during training of the muscles in question, and that the resistance element (7) by means of the driven training arm (2) between a plurality of manipulable reversal or end positions around the Schw enkachse (3) is pivotable.

Description

The invention relates to a training or therapy device for exercise training, which at least one training arm, which is pivotally mounted on a pivot axis of the device, and which has at least one force or resistance transmitter, and on the at least one arranged on the training arm resistance element by a person exercising By means of concentric or eccentric exercises of the muscles to be trained, a torque can be applied, wherein the force or resistance transmitter is provided at least as part of a hydraulic device on the training device.

Training devices in which a practicing person trains his muscle (s) by applying muscular force to a resistance element are known in principle. For example, devices equipped with weights, springs or similar force or electromotive resistance transmitters are known for performing concentric-eccentric exercises in which a yielding contraction of the exercised muscle occurs. Similarly, devices are known in which the trained muscles of a concentric contraction is exposed (concentric-concentric), so the movement of the muscles in the direction of the contraction.

In the training devices for concentric-concentric exercises are already known the equipment of the resistance transmitter with a hydraulic device that makes the provision of an energy storage superfluous and thereby allows the practitioner in case of need, the immediate interruption of an exercise, which in particular in the phase of early rehabilitation with benefits can be. An eccentric, holding force, such as would be necessary when lowering a raised weight, is not needed at this point.

In the phase of late rehabilitation and especially in the direction of competitive sport targeted training, however, concentric-eccentric working devices are preferred.

Weight- or spring-loaded training devices, which are only able to operate concentric-eccentric due to the system, also have the disadvantage of possibly reduced efficiency, since about the internal friction always acts counter to the direction of movement and, accordingly, the concentric load is always greater than the eccentric , Furthermore, it may be disadvantageous that the exercise device concerned with its load may not be optimally adapted to the ergonomic conditions of the exercising person, since often standardized eccentric come to adjust the force / torque curve used. This reduces muscular tone during exercise, which in turn reduces training efficiency. Moreover, with these devices, a speed training, ie high training speeds, hardly possible because the mass forces occurring adversely affect the movement and thus again represent an inefficient training.

Considering an exercise with a concentric stretching movement, for example, the stretching of the leg against a resistance pad on the tibia, so in this movement, both the resistance generated by the approximately formed as a weight resistance element, and the friction of the device and a through the Body of the trainee even with appropriate muscle work (= Tonus) resistance formed as a kind of "internal friction" to overcome. In contrast, in the eccentric holding movement, the friction by the reversal of direction relieves, whereby the muscular tone is less.

If, as an illustration of the training efficiency, the strength of the muscular tone against time were to be obtained, then in the case of the training devices mentioned above, even with a device with optimized settings and, in particular, an eccentric disc adapted to the exercising person, would have a curve which has a certain wave motion. The wave motion describes the reduction of the tone in an eccentric holding movement compared to the tone in a practice part with concentric load and becomes even more pronounced without adjustment of the device. As a measure of the training efficiency, the area under the tone / time curve can apply, so should be achieved with concentric eccentric exercise form the largest possible area.

This is only possible with unchanged maximum, ie the concentric form of exercise, muscle tone, when in the eccentric phase of the tone by reducing the aforementioned "friction" is increased.

It is therefore an object to provide a training device available which allows a practicing high training safety high training efficiency, and the training of a muscle to be practiced, the practice of both the agonist and the antagonist of the muscles in question allows, and the implementation both of concentric-concentric as well as concentric-eccentric exercises without change of position and allowed in approximately the same muscular tone.

This object is achieved by a training device of the type mentioned above with the characterizing features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

Accordingly, in the exercise device according to the invention, the hydraulic device is provided with at least one drive means, the exercise arm is driven by the at least one drive means during training of the respective muscles controlled and the resistance element is by means of the driven training arm between a plurality of manipulable reversal or end positions to the Swivel axis swiveling.

As a result, the training arm is independent of the muscular force acting upon it and, when performing the respective exercise, is moved between two or more extreme reversing positions and in doing so moves itself at a uniform speed. During the movement of the training arm, the practiced musculature brings on the training arm to be determined by the practicing person autocoordinate muscle force without the load level would have an effect on the movement of the training arm. The trainee therefore works against a hydraulic motor-driven resistance and tries in each movement phase to accelerate the pad of the training arm or this even in the relevant direction. He tries to accelerate the driven resistance cushion in the concentric movement phase, but this acceleration does not allow the hydraulically moved resistance cushion, since its speed is practically constant due to the hydraulics and their control.

Accordingly, a force will occur at the resistance pad, which can also be measured, but whose height is exclusively pending by the trainee. After the movement reversal into the eccentric, holding movement phase, the exerciser then tries to negatively accelerate the resistance cushion, that is to slow it down. Again, this is not possible due to the constant speed of the resistance pad, but again a force acts on the pad. Correspondingly, when the training efficiency is plotted, a curve is possible which runs essentially parallel to the abscissa of the coordinate system.

The regulation of this system man-machine takes place by the trainee itself coordinatively. The trainee receives from the controller feedback, by which he can then control his pressure on the resistance cushion. The task of the trainee is to work in a given force corridor or tolerance range. When exceeding or falling below the values that form the force corridor, the device can be automatically decoupled from the motor drive and transferred to a safe state.

In an advantageous embodiment, in the exercise device according to the invention, the drive means may be provided as a drive motor with adjustable power drivable hydraulic pump, so that a reliable and safe drive of the training arm is ensured.

In this case, the force or resistance transmitter of the hydraulic device can be provided on the device of the invention as a double-acting piston-cylinder arrangement, which is in a simple manner via a piston rod connected to the piston with the arranged on the pivot axis training arm in operative connection.

In an expedient development of the training device, the piston-cylinder arrangement is pivotally mounted in the region of its end facing away from the pivot axis, so that the piston-cylinder arrangement can well compensate for pivotal movements of the optionally articulated with the pivot axis piston rod.

A further advantageous embodiment of the training device can provide that the training arm can be pivoted and driven on the pivot axis in both pivoting directions, so that both forms of movement can be performed on the agonist as well as on the antagonist by merely changing the driven direction of movement of the training arm.

In order to be able to optimally adapt the boundary conditions of the muscular training to a patient or general a practicing person, a control device which can be manipulated via an input means can be provided on an embodiment of the training device. The input means may be a kind of keyboard with display or a touch-sensitive display with menu control, so that the operator can be guided, for example, by a configuration menu, or they themselves or third parties about the speed of movement of the resistance pad, the swivel range of the training arm or the power corridor of the training can set.

For controlling the hydraulic device, in one embodiment of the training device, the control device is connected to a plurality of controllable valves. Moreover, with the control device, for example, the engine power of the drive motor and thus the hydraulic pump can be manipulated.

In order to detect during the training of the muscles to be practiced, the training process possibly influencing parameters and then processed, can be provided in this case a measuring device with one or more sensors for detecting the torque, the swivel angle or the like parameters in an expedient development of the training device ,

Increasing the safety in training and reducing a possible acute or even given injury subsequent injury risk, the training device according to the invention may be provided in one embodiment with a plurality of operating conditions that influenced by a manual and / or time-based and / or parameter-based signaling of the control device or are switchable.

An expedient development of the training device can then consist in this context in that the training arm of the training device is provided by the control device by the drive means decoupled. As a result, an operating state "non-driven" is realized, which can be set up as a safety state in the eccentric form of exercise, for example, and when leaving the set power range of the training device that detects this undercutting or falling below based on its sensors, is taken directly automatic.

An advantageous embodiment of the training device is provided with a hydraulic device which is provided at least with a resistance circuit and a coupling with this drive circuit.

As already mentioned, the control device of the exercise device according to the invention is connected to a plurality of valves which can be assigned to the various hydraulic circuits. These valves are adjustable and optionally controllable. In expedient developments of the training device, at least one inlet and designed as a check valve exhaust valve can be provided about the resistance circuit, it can be provided with two combined intake and exhaust valves and a pressure relief valve or the combined valves as electrical valves or as be formed mechanical slide valves.

In this case, the resistance circuit functions in such a way that the resistance is generated by means of a piston-cylinder arrangement with two throttle valves and two non-return valves formed by a hydraulic cylinder. With this arrangement alone concentric concentric training of the agonist and the antagonist of the musculature concerned is possible. The training arm is actively moved, which in turn leads to a movement of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The displaced by the movement of the piston volume of oil flows through an adjustable throttle valve and is pumped from one to the opposite other chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. In this case, the movement speed and the valve position of the throttle valve determine the resistance. Since alternating agonist and antagonist are stressed concentrically, the piston is moved back and forth and pumped around the oil. To enable different forces for agonist and antagonist, two adjustable throttle valves can be used.

The start of the training device in the driven mode, equal to the start of the hydraulic pump, can be done by manually switching the training mode on the input means. Thereupon, a countdown can be displayed there, which indicates to the operator the time available in the relevant mode, for example, up to a change of direction of the training arm. To connect the drive circuit with the resistance circuit corresponding inlet and outlet valves are activated by the control device. These valves can be controlled in addition to the timing also dependent on the applied to the pad by the practitioner torque or the swivel angle, so that for example, when exceeding or falling below the set corridor of the drive can be interrupted immediately. The activation of the reversal of motion can be effected, for example, by a microtaster that can be moved by way of the programmable movement limitation, which in turn can be part of the control device.

As already mentioned above, the concentric-concentric form of exercise is the safest form of exercise, since there is no energy store that would have to give up its energy again. The burden is exclusively on the patient or practitioner and can be interrupted at any time. In the training device according to the invention with a motor hydraulic drive, a staggered safety concept can be established for the concentric-eccentric form of exercise. First of all, the force exerted by the patient can of course be determined by the patient himself. Then, the training device switches when exceeding or falling below the preset force automatically off or goes into the concentric-concentric mode. Since the movement speed is only relatively low, the load can be terminated by rapidly pulling away the body or by abruptly stopping the movement. In the unlikely, but not complete by nature Excluded case an electronic failure of the controller, the trainee can bring his extremity to the end positions of the path limitation and thus also reduce power. For this, however, the full range of motion should be present. Finally, the training device can also be switched off via an emergency stop button. If the flow rate of the pump is interrupted, the unit stops.

In conceivable alternative training devices, for example, only the concentric-eccentric form of exercise could be provided. In a first alternative, with a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and movement limiters in the training device, the piston of the piston-cylinder arrangement can be moved back and forth by switching a valve or the movement can be interrupted by closing the valve.

In another alternative provided for both forms of exercise, a single-acting hydraulic cylinder could be used. In the case of the concentric movement, in this case the hydraulic fluid of the piston-cylinder arrangement is pressed against the resistance formed by a presettable throttle valve. During the eccentric backward movement, the piston of the piston-cylinder arrangement is then pushed back into the starting position by the pressure generated by the pump of the drive, which the exerciser seeks to prevent by holding back.

Finally, with double-acting hydraulic cylinder of the piston-cylinder arrangement, the training speed can be varied, which also speed training with the training device according to the invention could be realized, this works with plug weight devices not, and with hydraulic devices for concentric-concentric forms of exercise only partially because there the mass forces too high and thus sudden loads for the trained muscle arise. Although the mass forces are already reduced in the mentioned hydraulic devices, but in these devices with increasing movement speed of the resistance is greater, which also leads to a limitation of the movement speed.

As already mentioned before, the training device according to the invention can also be provided with at least one display device for conveying information in another embodiment, so that a user or a person who is caring for him / her are always informed about the device state or the progress of the exercise.

In one advantageous refinement of the training device, the exercising person can be provided with feedback about the device status or about leaving the torque range or the duration of the exercise, for which purpose the display device has at least one visual, acoustic and / or vibration indicating means can be provided.

The invention is explained below with reference to embodiments in the drawing. In partially highly schematic representation here show the

1 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the training device on the driven training arm of the arm of a practicing person presses against a compressive force, the antagonist of the exercised musculature thus performs a concentric-eccentric form of exercise, and with piston-cylinder arrangement and drive;

2 a schematic representation of the arrangement of the 1 in which the arm of the exercising person pulls against a tensile force of the driven training arm, ie a concentric-eccentric form of exercise of the agonist of the exercised musculature is performed;

3 the training device from the 1 and 2 with the drive circuit decoupled (and therefore not shown) from the exercise arm, the antagonist of the exercised musculature performing a concentric-concentric exercise; and the

4 the training device from the 1 and 3 when the drive is turned off and a concentric-concentric form of exercise is performed on the agonist of the exercised musculature.

In the 1 is a whole with 1 Recognized training device to recognize movement training, with a training arm 2 is provided, which on a pivot axis 3 of the device 1 is pivotally mounted. Also good to see is in the 1 that on the exerciser 1 designed as a hydraulic cylinder piston-cylinder assembly 4 as a force or resistance transmitter 5 is arranged. At the one of the arm 6 the exercising person acted upon, free end of the training arm 2 there is a resistance element 7 , about which by the exercising person by means of a concentric or eccentric contraction of the muscles to be trained torque on the training arm 2 can be applied, being the force or resistance transmitter 5 at least as part of a hydraulic device 10 on the training device 1 is provided. The hydraulic cylinder 4 is with a piston 8th and a cylinder 9 formed and has with respect to the piston 8th in the 1 an upper cylinder chamber 11 and a lower cylinder chamber 12 on, between which the hydraulic fluid via the piping system of the hydraulic device 10 pumped back and forth.

The hydraulic device 10 is like in the 1 can be seen, moreover, with a drive means 13 provided, which by a drive motor 14 with engine control 15 as well as one through the engine 14 driven hydraulic pump 16 is formed. The training arm 2 is by the drive means 13 driven during training of the muscles concerned and the resistance element 7 is by means of the powered training arm 2 between a plurality of manipulable reversal or end positions about the pivot axis 3 pivotable. The control 15 of the drive motor 14 is a control device 20 which also regulates the function of the electrical control valves 21 . 22 . 23 . 24 controls, by means of which the flow of hydraulic fluid within the hydraulic device 10 is controlled. In the valve block associated with the resistance circuit 32 are also two check valves 25 . 26 to recognize, each with a chamber of one of the solenoid valves 21 . 22 and one of a pressure vessel 29 acted upon reservoir 28 the hydraulic fluid are connected. The valve block assigned to the working group 33 points next to the electrical control valves 23 . 24 another overpressure valve 27 on, which during closing operations of the valves 23 . 24 can buffer occurring pressure shocks.

At the pivot axis 3 of the 1 it can be seen that at this a torque measuring shaft 19 is arranged, also has the training device 1 as an additional measuring device an angle measuring device 18 on, with the pivot angle of the pivot axis 3 can be determined in the training performed and the value in question can be processed by the control device, not shown.

In the 1 you can see that at the end of the training arm 2 Resistive cushion 7 on the exerciser by the drive means 13 is driven and so performs a downward movement. The antagonist of the musculature of the arm leads against this movement 6 a holding, ie concentric-eccentric form of exercise, which is indicated by the arrow Pf1, which should show the resulting movement. In this powered movement of the training arm 2 becomes hydraulic fluid from the lower cylinder chamber 12 in the upper cylinder chamber 11 the piston-cylinder arrangement 4 transported. This moves over the joint 31 piston rod 17 with the pivot axis 3 connected piston rod 17 with the piston 8th downwards in the direction of arrow Pf2, with the cylinder 9 the piston-cylinder arrangement 4 at his the joint 31 opposite end is pivotally mounted and can compensate for such deviations of the piston rod of a linear movement.

The hydraulic fluid takes on the valve block 32 of the resistance circle 34 the way over the open control valve 21 , the reservoir happens 28 and leaves via the check valve 26 the valve block 32 , At the valve block 33 of the working group 35 is the electric control valve 23 opened to the passage of the hydraulic fluid.

In the 2 is in contrast, albeit structurally otherwise substantially equal to the representation of 1 schematically shows a form of exercise in which the arm 6 the practicing person the traction of the powered training arm 2 overcomes and a resulting movement takes place close down, Pf1, thus a concentric-eccentric exercise form of the agonist of the practiced musculature is carried out. By the movement of the piston 8th over the piston rod 17 upward is hydraulic fluid from the upper cylinder chamber 11 of the cylinder 9 the piston-cylinder arrangement 4 in the lower cylinder chamber 12 transported, wherein the fluid is the open control valve 22 as well as the check valve 25 of the valve block 32 of the resistance circuit 34 happens. In the valve block 33 of the working group 35 is in this case the control valve 24 open.

In the representations of 3 and 4 is the drive motor 14 of the drive means 13 each out of function and therefore not shown, so that the practicing person presses each against the hydraulic fluid ( 3 ) or pulls ( 4 ), whereby a concentric-concentric exercise of the antagonist or agonist of the muscles can take place without drive. At the same time, the two figures represent, in particular, those situations that may prevail on the exerciser when exiting a preset force corridor picked up by the torque measuring shaft 19 , the drive by the controller 20 automatically turned off or at least the working group, not shown 35 from the resistance circle 34 is decoupled.

In the pumping of the hydraulic fluid between the two valve chambers 11 . 12 this only passes through the valve block 32 of the resistance circle 34 , in case of a resulting movement of the arm 6 up ( 3 Pf1) the opened control valve 21 as well as the check valve 26 , in case of a resulting downward movement ( 4 Pf1) the opened control valve 22 and the check valve 25 , where the piston 8th in the pivotally mounted cylinder 9 on the piston rod 17 downward ( 3 Pf2) or upwards ( 4 Pf2) is moved.

The invention described above accordingly relates to a training or therapy device 1 for exercise training, which at least one training arm 2 that is on a pivot axis 3 of the device 1 is pivotally mounted, and which at least one force or resistance transmitter 5 and at least one of which is on the training arm 2 arranged resistance element 7 a torque can be applied by a person exercising by means of a concentric or eccentric contraction of the muscles to be trained, the force or resistance transmitter 5 at least as part of a hydraulic device 10 on the training device 1 is provided. In order to allow a practicing person with high training safety high training efficiency, and the training of a musculature to be exercised both the agonist and the antagonist of the muscles concerned and the performance of both concentric-concentric and concentric-eccentric exercises without changing positions and to allow with approximately the same muscular tone, is on the training device 1 the hydraulic device 10 with at least one drive means 13 provided, the training arm 7 is by the at least one drive means 13 controlled during exercise of the muscles concerned drivable and the resistance element 7 is by means of the powered training arm 2 between a plurality of manipulable reversal or end positions about the pivot axis 3 pivotable.

Claims (16)

Training or therapy device for exercise training, which at least one training arm which is pivotally mounted on a pivot axis of the device, and which has at least one force or resistance transmitter, and on the at least one arranged on the training arm resistance element by a person exercising by concentric or eccentric Exercises of the musculature to be trained torque can be applied, wherein the force or resistance transmitter is provided at least as part of a hydraulic device to the training device, characterized in that the hydraulic device ( 10 ) with at least one drive means ( 13 ), that the training arm ( 2 ) by the at least one drive means ( 13 ) is driven in a controlled manner during the training of the relevant musculature and that the resistance element ( 7 ) by means of the powered training arm ( 2 ) between a plurality of manipulable reversal or end positions about the pivot axis ( 3 ) is pivotable. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means ( 13 ) than via a drive motor ( 14 ) with adjustable power drivable hydraulic pump ( 16 ) is provided. Training device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the force or resistance transmitter ( 5 ) of the hydraulic device ( 10 ) as a double-acting piston-cylinder arrangement ( 4 ) is provided. Training device according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston-cylinder arrangement ( 4 ) in the region of its pivot axis ( 3 ) facing away pivotally mounted. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the training arm ( 2 ) on the pivot axis ( 3 ) is pivotable and drivable in both pivoting directions. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on this one manipulatable via an input means control device ( 20 ) is provided. Training device according to claim 6, characterized in that the control device ( 20 ) with a plurality of controllable valves ( 21 . 22 . 23 . 24 ,) or is connected. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on this at least one measuring device ( 18 . 19 ) is provided with one or more sensors for detecting the torque, the swivel angle or the like parameters. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided with a plurality of operating states, which by a manual and / or time-based and / or parameter-based signaling of the control device ( 20 ) can be influenced or switched. Training device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the training arm ( 2 ) of the training device ( 1 ) by the control device ( 20 ) of the drive means ( 13 ) is provided decoupled. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic device ( 10 ) at least with a resistance circle ( 34 ) and a coupling with this drive circuit ( 35 ) is provided. Training device according to claim 11, characterized in that on the resistance circuit ( 34 ) at least one controllable inlet valve ( 21 . 22 ) and designed as a check valve outlet valve ( 25 . 26 ) is provided. Training device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the drive circuit ( 35 ) at least with two combined intake and exhaust valves ( 23 . 24 ) and a pressure relief valve ( 27 ) is provided. Training device according to claim 13, characterized in that the combined valves ( 23 . 24 ) are designed as electrical valves or as mechanical slide valves. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the training device ( 1 ) is provided at least one display device for transmitting information. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the display device is provided with at least one optical, acoustic and / or a vibration mediating display means.

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