DE202011001466U1 - filter module - Google Patents

Abstract

Filter module (1) for the adsorption of particles and / or for the conversion of gaseous air pollutants with a front and a rear wall (2, 3) and between the walls formed air flow channel (5) with an inflow opening (4), wherein the walls (2 , 3) run in a wedge shape at a wedge angle (K) and at least the front wall (2) has filter material and is designed such that it can be flowed through by the air in the air flow channel (5).

Description

introduction

The invention relates to a filter module for the adsorption of particles in the ambient air and / or for the reaction of gaseous air pollutants. In particular, the invention relates to such a filter module, which is suitable for receiving fine dusts, nitrogen oxides and other contaminants of the ambient air, such as those resulting from the operation of motor vehicles on roads or rails. Furthermore, the invention relates to a filter wall comprising filter modules.

State of the art and disadvantages

In the operation of motor vehicles, especially those with internal combustion engines, while braking them, but also in other combustion processes such. As in the operation of heaters, the finest particles, so-called fine dusts, fall on. Fine dusts are mainly characterized by the fact that they are respirable due to their small size (typically less than 10-15 microns). Due to their small size, they behave more like gas molecules and not like dust particles. Therefore, they are both an immediate burden on the respiratory tract, but can also enter the bloodstream of people who have come into contact with the particulate matter and thus lead to further damage. It is therefore desirable and partly already prescribed by the legislature to limit the particulate matter at least in places of extremely high concentration on the one hand and high numbers of people on the other hand and, if possible, further reduce. The same applies to nitrogen oxides and other gaseous pollutants and air pollutants, which are also increasingly incurred in the operation of internal combustion engines.

Are known from the prior art durchströmbare filter plates, walls and the like. As the filter material flows through the loaded gas, the particles remain suspended in the filter material. However, this increases over time, so that increases the flow resistance and decreases the filter performance. Therefore, the filter material should be cleanable or replaceable.

In the publication EP 1 632 607 is a proposed for roadway filter wall is disclosed, which serves to reduce the particulate pollution. For this purpose, the filter wall for the purpose of retaining emissions contained in the air, in particular particulate matter filter modules assigned. The filter modules have on their side facing the traffic area as a grid or perforated designed front walls, and arranged on the side facing away from the road side rear walls. The latter are arranged parallel to the former and permeable to air. The vehicle movements generate air currents which are intended to drive the fine dust in the air from the vehicle in the direction of the filter module and into it. The air flow is essentially in the vertical. A flow through parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle is not provided; Also, no filter effect would result in this case. In order to prevent that already stored particulate matter due to the occurring behind the rear vehicles occurring suction pulls loose again, provides a further development of this simple principle additional, valve-like arrangements on the wall of the filter module before, the passage of air in the direction of only the traffic area away, and prevent the passage of air through the filter towards the traffic route.

The disadvantage of this solution is, first, that the flow through the filter module is low, since all contaminated air must flow through the filter. In particular, if the filter is designed so fine that it completely prevents passage of the particulate matter, the filter of the incoming air offers such a large resistance that a true flow through the filter is practically impossible. This, in turn, has a negative impact on the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Another disadvantage is that the fine dust by design, the way through the filter or through and thus can be found in the clean area to keep outside the road.

Object of the invention and solution

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. The device should achieve an improved cleaning effect. In addition, it should optionally ensure that no undesired particles or other pollutants from the air flow channel can get into a clean area outside the filter module.

The object is achieved by a device according to the skin claim. Further advantageous embodiments can be found in the subclaims, the detailed description and the figures.

description

The filter module according to the invention for the adsorption of particles and / or for the conversion of gaseous air pollutants has a front and a rear wall, and an airflow channel formed between the walls with an inflow opening. Through this inlet opening gas such. B. contaminated ambient air into the interior of the filter module, ie in the airflow channel defined by the walls, get. According to the invention, the walls run in a wedge shape toward one another at a wedge angle. At least the front wall has filter material and is designed such that it can be flowed through by the air guided in the air flow channel.

"Adsorption" includes a storage as well as a z. B. chemical reaction or binding of the particles to be adsorbed or gaseous pollutants. The "particles" may be solid and / or gaseous.

The terms "front" and "back" are initially chosen arbitrarily. They should not necessarily determine the actual orientation of the filter module in the room.

"Wedge-shaped" means that the two walls are not parallel to each other, but coincide with those sides of a wedge, which are oriented at an angle to each other. It is clear that the filter module can still have other walls, which lie in particular on the remaining surfaces of said wedge. The wedge angle is preferably an acute angle, that is less than 90 degrees.

The inflow opening is preferably arranged at that point of the wedge which lies opposite the tip of the wedge. Thus, seen in the flow direction, the air flow channel forms a kind of funnel, which becomes ever narrower starting from the inflow opening. In this way, the incoming air is first trapped in the air flow channel, which it seeks to leave again in a suitable and constructive way. In this way, it must pass through filter material provided for this purpose. This is included at least in the front wall, so that the air can leave the air flow channel at least through this wall. It is clear that the air can leave the air flow channel by possibly existing further openings, which will be discussed later.

The filter module according to the invention has a low flow resistance for the inflowing, contaminated air, resulting in an improved cleaning effect.

It should be noted that, according to a typical situation in which the filter module according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously, the emission source of impurities is a vehicle-traveled infrastructure, the emission itself is fine dust (eg PM1 to PM10; PM = particulate matter according to US Pat Standard of the US Environmental Protection Agency), soot particles and / or gaseous pollutants such. B. nitrogen oxides (eg., Nitrogen dioxide) is concerned, facing the front wall of the emission source and the rear wall of the emission source is remote, and the inflow opening is arranged opposite to the direction of travel and extending vertically; alternatively, the inflow opening extends horizontally. Thus, motor vehicle roads and railways are a preferred field of application of the invention, wherein the front wall with the filter material faces the track, and the inflow opening is accessible from the track. In principle, the filter module according to the invention or a filter wall composed of a plurality of such modules can be used both with horizontally and vertically extending air flow channel, wherein for the purpose of simplification, a filter module is described with horizontally extending air flow channel.

However, the invention can also be used in other places, for example, where emission sources only localized and / or substantially stationary occur, for. B. when sandblasting or painting objects, the operation of heating systems, the burning of manure, etc. Only the active or passive flow through the filter material is to ensure what will be discussed below.

According to a preferred embodiment, between the front and the rear wall at least one further, filter material having wall through which the air flow channel is divided. This means that the airflow channel does not comprise a single, but several adjacent areas. However, all these areas are connected to the inlet and are fed by it with (polluted) air. It is clear that not all other walls need to comprise filter material, but this is preferred. In this way, a fan-like structure of the interior of the filter module according to the invention is formed. By providing one or more further walls, the filter surface available for the air purification is significantly increased, so that a better cleaning effect can be achieved with the same inflowing volume. The cleaning effect is achieved by flowing through the filter material comprising walls.

For the case of further walls described above, there may be the undesirable situation that the air on both sides of a certain wall is under the same pressure. This is to be expected if the flow resistance of both areas is the same, z. B. due to the same Room content or the same geometry. Therefore, it is preferred that the air flow channel is divided by the at least one further wall in different sized areas. In this way, different pressures in the individual chambers are formed at the same pressure and / or inflow velocity applied to the respective partial inflow opening. Thus, the air flows from the chamber with the higher pressure in the adjacent chamber with the lower pressure. On the way through the wall between them impurities are retained by the filter material.

In the case of three or more regions, it is particularly preferable that the volumes of the above-described regions increase from the front to the rear wall. Thus, in the area adjacent to the rear wall, the highest pressure builds up, which then gradually decreases from area to area. The area adjacent to the front wall has the lowest pressure. Thus, a continuous flow direction from the direction of the rear toward the front wall can be achieved. It is clear that other patterns are conceivable, for example with the largest or smallest volume in the middle of the air flow channel.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one filter material having wall can be flowed through only by the air guided in the air flow channel. Irrespective of any existing discharge opening, this means that the air guided in the air flow channel can only escape through this at least one wall. On the other hand, it can not enter the airflow channel through this wall.

This can be achieved by valves or valve-like structures determining the direction of flow. A structurally particularly simple embodiment of such structures has webs of flexible material (for example plastic bumps), which are arranged in front of holes on that side of the wall to which the air is intended to flow. In the normal position, for example, the slack drooping tracks close the holes. Air flowing on the webs pushes it against the wall surface, leaving the holes closed. If, on the other hand, air is blown through the holes from the other side, this pushes the webs away from the wall surface and thus out of the way, so that the air can flow. It will be appreciated that to improve valve action, seals or other means well known to those skilled in the art may be provided. A valve effect without moving parts is also possible, provided it is based, for example, on different flow resistances of different geometries at the inlet and outlet of a hole in the wall (funnel).

According to a further preferred embodiment, the rear wall can not be flowed through by the air guided in the air flow channel. In other words, this wall is carried out substantially air or gas tight, or it has such a high flow resistance that the air in the air flow channel quite mainly seeks other ways than through the rear wall. It is initially irrelevant that the air can flow through possibly existing further openings on the rear wall past. However, it is clear that in the event that a flow of air is to be avoided in the area beyond the rear wall, the air flow channel is closed in the direction in question.

In the event that the front and the rear wall of the same basic material such. B. wood, this difference in flow resistance usually already results from the fact that the rear wall has no holes or other openings. Also filter material is typically not present on the interior of the filter module side facing the rear wall.

This design ensures that contaminated air can not get from the inside of the filter module or from the direction of a possibly present travel path to the side facing away from the emission source, which can thus be kept free of contaminated air.

According to a further, particularly preferred embodiment, the air flow channel has an outflow opening on the side opposite the inflow opening. Accordingly, the outflow opening is preferably arranged at the tip of the wedge, so that the pointed wedge becomes a wedge-shaped stump. The advantage of this arrangement is that it can come to any air storage in the air flow channel, but that always an air transport through the interior of the filter module is possible, ie even with clogged filter material and thus increased flow resistance through the walls.

The described wedge in the preferred case of a horizontally extending airflow channel lies on one of its side surfaces. The tip shows (in a guideway) in the direction of travel, the inlet opening against the same. Another embodiment relates to a tip-up wedge with vertically extending airflow channel. Regardless of the actual orientation of the air flow channel, this has in addition to the inflow opening and the possibly existing outflow opening such. B. on top and / or bottom or left and / or right further openings for entry or outflow of air. For example, air, possibly in addition, from below into the air flow channel of a reach such filter module, and possibly flow up.

According to a further embodiment, the filter module comprises one or two lateral walls. These are arranged such that they are located in the region of the inlet and / or possibly the outflow opening. It is clear that these lateral walls must be permeable, and that they particularly preferably also comprise suitable filter material. The flow resistance of these lateral walls is preferably low in order not to significantly affect the flowability of the filter module. This can be z. B. by appropriate selection of the filter material or by existing in sufficient numbers gaps or openings in the or the side walls are ensured.

According to a further embodiment, the filter material is a porous material which is preferably selected from the group consisting of lava rock, expanded glass, glass foam ballast, pumice, tufa, expanded mica, expanded clay, hovwerksporigem concrete, and mixtures thereof. Inorganic materials are preferred. Alternatively, however, organic materials such. B. use wood chips. Also mixtures of different materials are possible to z. B. to combine the beneficial effects of these materials together or to bring about new properties that arise only in interaction.

Essential property of the preferred porous material is the largest possible surface. Particularly preferably, the porous material is coatable. Another preferred property is the sound absorption, which is provided in particular by lava rock.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the porous material is coated with a photocatalytic substance, which is preferably selected from the group consisting of titanium oxides, iron oxides, chromium oxides, platinum compounds, and mixtures thereof. The photocatalytic substance in question causes a so-called photocatalytic self-cleaning of the filter material and an implementation of accumulated pollutants. Typically, surfaces such. B. with nanoparticles of appropriate material such. As titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) coated. In the context of the photocatalytic effect, in particular organic materials on the surface are converted in the desired manner by irradiation with light, in particular with sunlight. Photocatalysis also extends for example to accumulated air pollutants such. As nitrogen oxides, which are converted into nitrates, or other gaseous substances. Another example concerns the conversion of volatile hydrocarbons (VOCs) into CO ₂ and water.

A preferred photocatalytic substance is titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ). In addition to the crystalline form of TiO ₂ , rutile, the anatase form of titanium dioxide, anatase, is preferred as a particularly reactive form. Since this form is particularly responsive to high UV light, sunlight or equivalent artificial light is preferred. To further increase the effectiveness, can also be sensitive to a wider light spectrum, z. B. doped, anatase can be used. Further, those materials are preferred in which the photocatalytic effect persists even after completion of the irradiation.

The application of the photocatalytic coating on the porous material takes place for. B. by dip coating, spraying, or by PVD techniques (PVD = physical vapor deposition, evaporation). The application in the context of a sintering is possible. In addition, if necessary, the use of a binder is advantageous. Especially for cost reasons, the dip coating is particularly preferred.

By providing as large a surface as possible, a large reaction area is also provided. It is clear that it is advantageous if the corresponding surfaces come into contact with light as long and intensively as possible, which will be discussed later.

The reaction products may be gaseous or liquid, so that they can be transported away with the air flow, if necessary after evaporation. Solid reaction products can at least temporarily remain on the surfaces, from where they are again removable by air flow or by washing. Therefore, it may be advantageous to use water, e.g. As rainwater, to reach the photocatalytically coated surfaces to pass or direct, as certain reactions occur only or favors in an aqueous environment, and / or water can serve the purification of the reaction products.

A filter module comprising porous material which is coated with appropriate catalytic substances, thus by conversion of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) and other toxic pollutants to reduce the same can be particularly advantageous in the field of roads such as highways or other busy roads.

Although the dimensions of the filter module according to the invention are in principle freely selectable, a number of preferred dimensions can be specified for the typical case of a roadway boundary. Thus, the total height is between 0.5 and 12.0 meters and preferably 3.0 meters. The total width is between 3.0 and 7.0 meters and preferably 5.0 meters. The wedge angle is between 5 and 60 degrees and preferably between 10 and 30 degrees, more preferably 15 degrees. The width of the inflow opening is between 30 and 100 centimeters and preferably between 70 and 90 centimeters, more preferably 80 centimeters, and the width of the possibly existing outflow opening is between 10 and 50 centimeters and preferably between 15 and 30 centimeters, particularly preferably 20 centimeters.

"Overall width" means the extent of the air flow channel from the inlet opening to the same end opposite the filter module. By "width" is meant the distance between the edge of the front and the rear wall in the region of the corresponding opening. Typically, therefore, the "total width" and the "width" are approximately perpendicular to each other.

It is also true that with a short wall ("length" of the wedge) a large wedge angle is preferred and vice versa. In this way it is ensured that inflow and possibly existing outflow opening are in a meaningful relationship to one another and to the rest of the geometry.

It is clear that the specific application cases give preferred module dimensions, which may be e.g. B. also DIN, ISO or other, even by providers themselves created "defacto" standards can orientate.

According to a preferred embodiment, the front wall is configured such that, viewed from inside to outside, it comprises one or more of the following layers: a cover board; Backplane boards; fine-pored insulation material, which can also be used as thermal insulation; a glass fleece; Lava gravel optionally coated with TiO ₂ and / or wood chips; a grid, z. B. made of polyethylene; V-ledges as a conclusion that leaves large openings to the underlying layer.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the filter module according to the invention further comprises at least one active or passive fluid arranged in or on the air flow channel for amplifying the air flow guided in the air flow channel. This fluid therefore serves to improve the effectiveness of the filter module according to the invention by increasing the volume flow through the air flow channel and / or by increasing the pressure prevailing in the latter, under which the charged air is forced through the filter material.

Particularly preferred are passively acting fluids, since they do not require an external (electrical) power supply. An example of this is a so-called train amplifier, as used on chimneys. Powered by wind, it sucks in the volume of air in the chimney and thus supports the flow. It is clear that such a train amplifier is attached to a corresponding exposed point, for. B. on top of the filter module, or in the same area, which is exposed to strong flow through vehicles.

Another example of a passive fluid is air baffles or wind deflectors, which can be arranged in already heavily flowed areas, where they direct the surrounding air flow in the direction of the inflow opening. In the case of a track, such air baffles are arranged on the front, the track facing wall in the region of the inflow and enlarge in a structurally simple manner the "funnel", which captures the passing air and directs into the filter module according to the invention. Conversely, in the region of the outflow opening devices can be attached, which cause an externally induced suction on the airflow channel.

An example of this are airfoil profiles, which are particularly preferably placed on the upwardly open side of the filter module. If these airfoils are streamed, for example, by the wind of passing vehicles, a negative pressure forms on the underside of such a profile. This seeks to suck in the air flow channel located volume and thus to accelerate. It is clear that such airfoil profiles must be arranged at a location of the filter module according to the invention, where they are exposed to the external flow sufficiently.

Active fans offer the advantage over passive fluids of being able to be positioned more independently and, if necessary, protected against the weather. Here, in particular, an arrangement in the interior of the air flow channel, which is particularly preferably covered on the top in this case, to keep out rainwater. They are also independent of the actual occurrence of external currents.

In addition to the flow-enhancing means and means may be provided which counteract only a weakening of the flow. By way of example, air baffles may be mentioned here which have sharp-edged and / or lying in the flow path components such. B. cover posts. Thus, the flow can flow around these obstacles as freely as possible and loses only little energy.

According to a further embodiment, the front wall and the rear wall are movable towards each other. This is equivalent to a reduction of the above-mentioned wedge angle. In this way, the filter module can be better and save space to transport, for example, from a manufacturing to a site. The mobility can be achieved, for example, that one of the walls is rotatably mounted in the region of the wedge tip, so that the wedge angle is configured variable. In this way, a flexible adaptation of the wedge angle to different structural, fluidic or geographical conditions can be achieved. Of course, the same effect can be achieved by a movable mounting of the rear wall or both walls. Furthermore, any existing additional walls can be stored accordingly. In addition to a rotatable mounting, for example, a suspension in corresponding bearings or eyelets comes into consideration. It is clear that in addition means for fixing the wedge angle are provided so that it can not be adjusted again after a single adjustment.

According to a further embodiment, at least one collecting channel for liquid is arranged below the air flow channel. This gutter is used in particular for collecting contaminated liquid, which in rain or z. B. is obtained when cleaning washable filter material. The gutter may optionally be attached to the filter module, or be disposed below it at the bottom, on which the filter module is. The gutter does not have to be present at all times on the filter module or correctly positioned therefor for the corresponding task; also a temporary attachability and / or correct positioning of the gutter is possible. So it can also be attached, for example, only for cleaning purposes or correctly positioned, and otherwise removed or in another, z. B. pivoted invisible position. It will be appreciated that it is also advantageous to provide a drain and / or reservoir where the liquid flowing into the channel can drain.

A further embodiment provides that at least one filter material having wall is exchangeable. In this way, a particularly quick and easy maintenance of the filter module according to the invention can take place. The exchange preferably takes place upwards or towards the inlet opening. For this purpose, for example, grooves in which the individual walls are slidably mounted, provide. The replaced walls can then conveniently be subjected to thorough, preferably liquid cleaning on site or in a maintenance hall. The assembly times on the filter module itself and thus often dangerous, the flowing traffic exposed point are minimized.

According to a further embodiment, not the entire wall, but only the filter material covered by it is stored or exchangeable in the manner described above.

According to a further embodiment, the filter module according to the invention further comprises a light-guiding device for transmitting (sun) light to the photocatalytic substance. As mentioned above, the photocatalytic substance or composition requires light, especially UV light, to show the intended effect. Since a filter module is typically rather flat and constructed high, little sunlight can penetrate into the interior, and only at certain times of day. Preference is therefore given to mirrors, lenses, optical fibers or similar devices which direct the light to a greater extent and / or over a longer period of time into the interior of the filter module. Intensive and / or more extensive irradiation significantly increases the photocatalytic effect or the amount of contaminated air that can be converted by it. In the case of the presence of a cover to protect the filter module interior from the weather, this cover is preferably made of a transparent material such. B. acrylic glass, which particularly preferably has a thickness of about 0.5 cm.

According to a preferred embodiment, the fluid described above also fulfills the function of the light-guiding device or vice versa. For example, a wing profile or baffles may be configured as a mirror at the same time, so that the ambient light in the air flow channel and in particular on the photocatalytic substance with which the porous material is coated, is deflected.

In addition, a device for generating light, in particular UV light, may be provided, which serves alternatively or additionally for irradiation of the photocatalytically active regions. This device is optionally part of the device according to the invention or this only assigned. It is particularly preferably arranged in the interior of the device according to the invention, or it can be coupled to the same in order not to have to be permanently left on or in the device. This is particularly desirable in view of their possibly not inconsiderable costs. Depending on the effectiveness of the photocatalytic coating, it may also be sufficient to irradiate the coating in certain, larger time intervals, for example in the context of maintenance, with such a device which can be coupled, and thus to activate it.

The invention relates not only to a single filter module but also a filter wall constructed from such modules.

A filter wall thus consists of at least a first and a second filter module according to the above definition, wherein these filter modules are arranged side by side. If an outflow opening is provided in addition to the inflow opening, it is particularly preferred for the outflow opening of the first filter module to adjoin the area of the inflow opening of the second filter module. In this way, contaminated air, which has not been completely cleaned by passing the filter material of a first filter module, can flow into a subsequently arranged filter module, where it is then subjected to further purification. Thus, it does not even get back into the environment, but is gradually released from unwanted emissions.

The invention described above achieves an improved cleaning effect compared to the prior art. Due to the impermeability of the rear wall, it ensures that no undesirable particles can escape from the airflow channel into a region to be kept clean outside the filter module. By combining with a photocatalytic layer, the cleaning effect can be further increased or extended to other substances such as nitrogen oxides or other toxic fine dust. Due to the possibility of flowing unpurified air into a subsequent filter module, it is kept away from the space outside the flow channel, and only purified air leaves it in the direction of a travel path. The invention is preferably used in the area of heavily traveled roads, but not limited to this.

figure description

1 shows a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the filter module according to the invention 1 from above.

2 shows a sectional view of a further preferred embodiment of the filter module according to the invention 1 from above.

3 shows a view of the embodiment according to 2 of the page.

4 shows a plan view of a driveway 10 with a filter wall made up of filter modules 1 composed of the inventive type.

In the 1 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the filter module according to the invention 1 shown from above. The filter module 1 is therefore mounted on a substrate (not shown) in such a way that its front wall 2 and its rear wall 3 extend in the vertical direction, ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The two walls 2 and 3 do not run parallel, but are at a wedge angle K to each other. In the embodiment shown, this results in the shape of a wedge on one side, more precisely, a wedge stump.

Right in the picture is the inflow opening 4 shown. This opens into the airflow channel 5 , in the present case by means of another wall 6A in two areas 5A and 5B is divided.

On the left in the picture is the discharge opening 7 shown. It has a width B2 which is smaller than the width B1 of the inflow opening 4 is. In this way, the above-mentioned wedge shape results. The airflow channel tapers along its longitudinal axis.

As shown, the width B1 of the inflow opening extends 4 and the width B2 of the outflow opening approximately perpendicular to the rear wall 3 but this is not absolutely necessary.

The small, unspecified arrows of this as well as the following figures represent the air flow. Part of the air flows through the air flow channel 5 in the longitudinal direction. A certain part happens however the further wall 6A and flows from the second area 5B in the first area 5A , or from this through the front wall 2 in the area beyond the front wall 2 , Because these other walls 6A Filter material comprises (not shown), the air flowing through them is at least partially freed of impurities. Because the back wall 3 is constructed air-impermeable, the air flow can not pass them. In this way it is prevented that contaminated or not yet completely purified air on the side beyond the rear wall 3 arrives.

Anchoring is the filter module 1 with corresponding posts 8th connected, which are anchored in the ground (not shown).

The embodiment of the 2 differs from the previously described only in that they have not one, but two more walls 6A and 6B includes the airflow channel 5 in three areas 5A . 5B and 5C split. The operation is otherwise identical, which is why a renewed explanation thereof as well as the corresponding reference numerals in the 2 is waived.

The 3 shows a side view of the in the 2 illustrated embodiment of the filter module 1 , The view points into the inflow opening 4 into it. Well recognizable are the other two walls 6A and 6B , which the air flow channel in three areas 5A . 5B and 5C share. By means of the post 8th is the filter module 1 anchored in the ground, for example in a concrete foundation. As weather protection is on the top of the filter module, a cover 9 arranged. This is preferably designed inclined as shown to z. B. rainwater (not shown) to be able to effectively derive. This can be collected in a gutter and, if desired, fed to a collector (not shown).

In the 4 is finally a filter wall 1' shown, the filter modules according to the invention 1 is constructed. These are arranged so that their rear walls 3 aligned with each other, so a common plane 12 form. This is, as shown, as seamless as possible, so that air has no possibility, the common plane 12 to happen. The filter wall 1' is the side of a driveway 10 arranged. This has a direction of travel F on. A vehicle 11 that is on the driveway 10 moves, generates an air flow and a dynamic pressure (not shown), which pushes it in front of him or her.

When passing by the filter wall 1' This back pressure causes part of the air in the inlet openings 4 the filter modules 1 pressed. This part will, as in the 1 and 2 shown, at least partially cleaned. Then he steps through the front wall 2 again in the direction of the driveway 10 out. The non-cleaned part leaves the respective filter module 1 through the outflow opening 7 , As the outflow opening 7 a filter module 1 with a small distance to the inlet opening 4 of the next in the direction of travel F filter module 1 is arranged, the non-purified air in the subsequent filter module 1 where it is then again exposed to the possibility of cleaning, without entering the area of the infrastructure 10 or even in the area beyond the filter wall 1' (at the top of the picture).

The filtering effect is enhanced by the effect of a negative pressure, typically at the sides of a moving vehicle 11 arises. This negative pressure acts as a suction on the track 10 facing side of a filter module 1 (front wall 2 ). According to the invention these and the other walls, with the preferred exception of the rear wall 3 , Designed by the air guided in the air passage through. Thus, the pull of a passing vehicle supports 11 the passage of in the filter module interior befindlicher, still unpurified air through the walls, and thus through the filter material. The air is cleaned. In addition, according to a preferred embodiment (not shown), the air can not flow in opposite direction through the walls, the above-mentioned dynamic pressure does not lead to a tearing of already trapped in the filter material particles. Both effects described together thus result in a kind of "pump effect", by means of which the air is passed through the filter material in a particularly effective manner.

In addition are between the individual modules 1 in front of the respective posts 8th baffles 13 arranged, which counteract a weakening of the flow in the passage from one to the subsequent module.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

filter module

1'

filter wall

2

front wall

3

rear wall

4

inflow

5

Air flow channel

5A

first area

5B

second area

6A, 6B

another wall

7

outflow

8th

post

9

cover

10

roadway

11

vehicle

12

common level

13

Air baffle

K

wedge angle

B1

Width of the inlet opening

B2

Width of the discharge opening

F

direction of travel

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1632607 [0004]

Claims (15)

Filter module ( 1 ) for the adsorption of particles and / or for the conversion of gaseous air pollutants with a front wall and a rear wall ( 2 . 3 ) and a formed between the walls of the air flow channel ( 5 ) with an inflow opening ( 4 ), whereby the walls ( 2 . 3 ) run in a wedge shape at a wedge angle (K) and at least the front wall ( 2 ) Has filter material and is designed such that it from the in the air flow channel ( 5 ) guided air can be flowed through. Filter module ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein between the front and the rear wall ( 2 . 3 ) at least one further, filter material having wall ( 6A . 6B ) is present, through which the air flow channel ( 5 ) is divided. Filter module ( 1 ) according to claim 2, wherein the air flow channel ( 5 ) through the at least one further wall ( 6A . 6B ) in different sized areas ( 5A . 5B . 5C ) is divided. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one filter material having wall ( 6A . 6B ) exclusively by the in the air flow channel ( 5 ) guided air can be flowed through. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rear wall ( 3 ) of the in the air flow channel ( 5 ) guided air can not be flowed through. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the air flow channel ( 5 ) on the inlet ( 4 ) opposite side of an outflow opening ( 7 ) having. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the filter material is a porous material, which is preferably selected from the group consisting of lava rock, expanded glass, glass foam, pumice, tufa, expanded mica, expanded clay, hovwerksporigem concrete, and mixtures thereof. Filter module ( 1 ) according to claim 7, wherein the porous material is coated with a photocatalytic substance which is preferably selected from the group consisting of titanium oxides, iron oxides, chromium oxides, platinum compounds, and mixtures thereof. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims or any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the total height between 0.5 and 12.0 meters, and preferably 3.0 meters, and / or the total width between 3.0 and 7.0 meters and preferably 5.0 meters, and / or the wedge angle (K) between 5 and 60 degrees and preferably between 10 and 30 degrees and particularly preferably 15 degrees, and / or the width (B1) of the inflow opening ( 4 ) between 30 and 100 centimeters, and preferably between 70 and 90 centimeters, and particularly preferably 80 centimeters, and / or the width (B2) of the possibly existing outflow opening ( 7 ) between 10 and 50 centimeters and preferably between 15 and 30 centimeters, and particularly preferably 20 centimeters. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which further comprises at least one in or at the air flow channel ( 5 ) arranged active or passive fluid for amplification in the air flow channel ( 5 ) has guided air flow. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the front wall ( 2 ) and the rear wall ( 3 ) are movable towards each other. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein below the air flow channel ( 5 ) at least one collecting channel for liquid is arranged. Filter module ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one filter material having wall ( 2 . 6A . 6B ) is interchangeable. Filter module ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 8 to 13, further comprising a light guiding device for transmitting sunlight to the photocatalytic substance. Filter wall ( 1' ) comprising at least a first and a second filter module ( 1 ) as defined in any one of claims 6 to 14, which are arranged side by side, wherein the outflow opening ( 7 ) of the first filter module ( 1 ) to the region of the inflow opening ( 4 ) of the second filter module ( 1 ) adjoins.

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