DE202010008832U1 - Device for detecting the electrical power, in particular the active power and / or the electrical work of a consumer - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for detecting the active power and / or the electrical work of a consumer (2.3), which is connected to a circuit with a cable (2.2) which has several conductors / cable cores, with a housing (G) on the cable (2.2) one or more measuring sensor (s) (2.1) which determine the electrical consumption values of the consumer (2.3) connected to this cable (2.2) is installed, the current being taken off via an insulation displacement connector (1.2) partially contacted with the conductors and the housing (G ) Has means which fix the cable (2.2) / the cable cores of the cable (2.2) in the housing (G) in position.

Description

The invention relates to a device for detecting the electrical power, in particular the active power and / or the electrical work of a consumer.

From the publication DE 3102998 A1 An arrangement for measuring electrical power or energy is known, in which a multiplier is used, which consists of ferromagnetic magnetoresistive thin films which form a bridge. An auxiliary magnetic field is applied to each thin film in the direction of the hard magnetic axis. The thin films are exposed by magnetic coreless coupling an external magnetic field, which is proportional to a measuring current. A current proportional to a measuring voltage feeds the bridge. The voltage at the output of the bridge corresponds to the electrical power. This solution is relatively complex and inaccurate, since no direct measurement of the voltage for line determination takes place. Furthermore, it is not easy to integrate this solution in an existing piping system.

If the electrical power to be measured without interrupting the circuit, so-called pliers ammeters are used. These measure the magnetic flux generated by a conductor passing through it by means of the transformer principle. Such solutions are described for example in the publications DE 3040316 A1 . DE 100 51 160 B4 . DE 10 2007 003 830 B4 . DE 10 2008 030 334 A1 . DE 10 2008 039 568 A1 described.

The detected magnetic flux is proportional to the flowing current. The methods used in the aforementioned publications have several disadvantages.

On the one hand, only one vein may always be covered by one nipper ammeter. With commercially available electrical cables, the return conductor is routed in a cable whose magnetic flux is exactly opposite and therefore picks up. Furthermore, only the electrical current can be measured by means of a Zangenamperemeters from which then a power estimate can be made by means of known voltage. Since the phase relationship between voltage and current is not known, it is not possible to make sufficiently accurate statements about the active power of the electrical load.

Due to the design, inaccuracies may still occur in the use of pliers amperemeters, since the included conductor is not always guided exactly at right angles through the measuring pliers. High-precision measurements are therefore not possible.

A wireless controllable power control device formed in a power cable is disclosed in the document WO 2008/021639 A2 removable. In this device, the power measurement is the prerequisite for their control.

A disadvantage of all the above solutions is that these solutions are not easily integrated into a power cable in the sense of retrofitting for detecting the tapped by a consumer active power.

The object of the invention is to provide a device available with the help of standard conductors simple, safe and very accurate electrical power, in particular the active power and the electrical work of a connected load can be determined without this consumer from the circuit to separate.

This object is achieved with the features of the first protection claim.

Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

This object is achieved by a device for detecting the active power and / or the electrical work of a consumer, which is connected to a cable having a plurality of cable wires, connected to a circuit, wherein the cable is a housing with one or more of the electrical consumption of the and the current being dissipated via a split current transducer and the voltage through insulation displacement terminals concatenated with the conductors, and the housing has means for fixing the cable / cable cores of the cable in the housing.

As a result, a simple and inexpensive installation of the device / the housing on the power cable of the consumer is possible without interrupting the circuit and disconnect the consumer from the circuit.

The measuring sensor (s) preferably transmit the determined values to a data collector and / or to a display device in the housing.

The data obtained are preferably transmitted by remote data transmission or by data cable from the measuring sensors to the data collector. The electrical consumption values can then be evaluated and displayed on a monitor. Furthermore, the data can also be stored in a data memory (eg for evaluations). Analog it is also possible, the Consumption values also on a display, which is integrated on the housing of the device to visualize.

To install the device, the cable is at least partially stripped in the attachment of the housing, but the inner insulation of the individual cable strands of the cable remains.

The housing consists of two housing shells that are opened / opened for installation on the cable and closed / compressed after fixing the cable. The housing shells are preferably foldable via one or more hinges.

Furthermore, the housing or the housing shells has a cable bushing adapted to the cable which tightly encloses the cable on the outer circumference in the closed / mounted state, so that a tensile load on the cable area located in the housing is largely avoided and the penetration of moisture and dirt is avoided becomes.

In addition, the housing is protected by appropriate seals against the ingress of moisture and / or contamination.

For detecting the current flowing in the conductor, a preferably in the longitudinal direction of the housing cut current transformer (in particular in the form of a shared Zangenamperemeters) arranged in the housing forms a closed magnetic circuit in the closed state of the housing and engages around a cable core of the cable and as a current transducer to Capture of the current flowing through this conductor serves. The means for fixing the position of the cable core thereby ensure that the cable core leads through the current measuring transducer at a substantially right and fixed angle (in the longitudinal direction / along the longitudinal axis of the housing).

For direct detection of the voltage voltage cutting terminals are mounted in the housing in such a way that they intersect in the closed housing state in the electrical insulation of two cable cores and thus an electrical voltage directly from these cable cores is removable.

The electrical voltage serves as a measuring input quantity for determining effective, apparent and reactive power of the connected consumer and / or for supplying the measuring electronics.

The connections of the current transformer as well as the rated voltage removed via the insulation displacement terminals are processed by an electrical circuit which is also integrated in the housing.

In this case, the low voltage for the operation of the evaluation and radio electronics is generated from the nominal voltage and / or the nominal voltage is connected via a voltage divider and the terminals of the current transformer directly to an analog-to-digital converter.

The digital output signals of the analog-to-digital converters are linked in a microprocessor, which is also arranged in the housing, to the electrical quantities active, apparent and reactive power and from this determines the electrical power factor / active power of the consumer connected to the cable , The exact value of the rated voltage is determined in the analog-to-digital converter.

The determined electrical values (electrical power / active power) is transmitted from the microprocessor to a data collector, which is preferably carried out with or without cable, in the latter case via a radio module connected to the microprocessor.

Advantageously, a rechargeable accumulator is integrated in the electronics, which is charged via a charging circuit with applied nominal voltage and in the case of non-existing nominal voltage, the power supply of the microprocessor and the radio module takes over.

Preferably, microprocessor, analog-to-digital converter and radio module are integrated in an integrated circuit.

• – eine Status-LED, die eine anliegende Nennspannung signalisiert,
• – eine Status-LED, die anzeigt, dass die Funkverbindung stabil ist und
• – eine Status LED, die den Stromfluss anzeigt.

Furthermore, one or more status displays can be arranged in the housing. In particular, the following status displays should be provided:

• A status LED signaling an applied nominal voltage,
• A status LED indicating that the radio connection is stable and
• - a status LED that indicates the flow of electricity.

Furthermore, in the housing, in particular controlled by the microprocessor, an LCD display for visualizing the current consumption of the connected consumer may be integrated, which is preferably arranged inside the housing and a transparent part of the otherwise insulating housing, which consists in particular of plastic is visible.

With the solution according to the invention it is possible for the first time, a device for detecting the electrical power, in particular the consumed Active power or electrical work of an electrical consumer, to be subsequently installed in a power cable without disconnecting the consumer from the mains. In order to capture the electrical consumption values as accurately as possible, both the applied voltage and the flowing current must be measured in parallel and time-synchronized, which is the first time very simply possible with the inventive solution.

To measure the voltage, the current-carrying conductors are contacted directly, which is realized via two insulation displacement terminals, which are automatically pressed against the respective conductor when the housing is closed and thus contacted with it. For measuring the current, a current measuring device (pliers ammeter) is used, which is however longitudinally separated for insertion of the conductor with the housing open and is also closed when closing the housing.

This combination of direct design tapping / voltage sensing means and uninterruptible current measuring means, all integrated in a simple retrofit housing, is the essential element of the present invention.

The device according to the invention can thus be retrofitted in a simple manner.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment and associated drawings.

Show it:

1 a schematic diagram of the device,

2 the block diagram of the electronic circuit of the device,

3 the unfolded housing with the cable positioned therein,

4 Detail X according to 3 .

5 Section AA according to 3 .

6 Section BB according to 3 .

7 Detail Z according to 6 .

8th Section CC according to 3 ,

The device is made according to 1 from two measuring sensors 2.1 , each attached to a cable 2.2 are installed by means of a housing G. Every measuring sensor 2.1 continuously determines the electrical consumption of one on each cable 2.2 connected consumer 2.3 and sends these values via a suitable radio protocol F to a data collector 2.4 , This data collector 2.4 receives the electrical consumption of the two consumers here 3.2 , displays it on a monitor and stores the values for further analysis. Of course, it is also possible to record the consumption values of only one consumer or of more than two consumers in this way.

According to 2 is in the housing G a current transformer 1.1 arranged. About two insulation displacement terminals 1.2 , which automatically closes housing G to two conductors of two sheathed cable cores 2.2 ' and 2.2 '' pressed by the sheath and thereby contacted with these conductors, the rated voltage of the cable cores 2.2 ' and 2.2 '' of the stripped in the region of the housing G cable 2.2 detected. At the same time is via a current transducer 1.1 the current flow of the cable core 2.2 ' detected. These values are processed by an electrical circuit as follows:
On the one hand, the nominal voltage is reduced by means of a switching regulator 1.3 or another suitable circuit generates the low voltage for the operation of the evaluation and radio electronics. At the same time, the rated voltage is via a voltage divider 1.4 as well as the connections of the current measuring transducer 1.1 directly to analog-to-digital converter 1.5 . 1.6 connected. Their digital output signals are in a microprocessor 1.7 linked to the electrical quantities active, apparent and reactive power and determines the power factor. Furthermore, the exact value of the rated voltage in the analog-to-digital converter 1.5 . 1.6 certainly.

All electrical values are transmitted via a radio protocol F via a radio module connected to the microprocessor 1.8 to the data collector 2.4 Posted.

Even in case of a failing nominal voltage values continue to the data collector 2.4 Being able to send is a rechargeable battery in electronics 1.9 integrated, via a charging circuit 1.10 is charged at applied nominal voltage and in the case of non-existing nominal voltage, the power supply of the microprocessor and the wireless module takes over.

microprocessor 1.7 , Analog-to-digital converter 1.5 . 1.6 and radio module 1.8 can be combined in an integrated circuit, which is already state of the art.

(An example of this is the ZW301 device from the manufacturer Sigma Designs (formerly Zensys).) This chip supports the Z-Wave radio protocol, whose specification is the transmission of the above said electrical consumption variables and simultaneously maps the data integrity over the air and the addressing of the individual wireless sensors.

Over three status LEDs 1.11 that via the microprocessor 1.7 are controlled, the applied nominal voltage, a stable radio connection and the current flow are signaled. Optionally, an LCD display 1.12 to visualize the current consumption values directly from the microprocessor 1.7 to be controlled. Such an LCD display 1.12 is mounted inside the housing G and visible through a transparent part of the otherwise insulating plastic housing.

The measuring sensor 2.1 according to 3 a housing G with two housing shells G1, G2 on, which for installation on the cable 2.2 are unfolded and after fixing the cable 2.2 be pressed together.

The power cable / cable 2.2 must before fixing in the housing G over a suitable length of z. B. about 10 cm by means of a commercially available Kabelentmantelers (not shown) are stripped. In this case, the outer cable sheath is removed, the inner insulation of the individual cable cores 2.2 ' . 2.2 '' . 2.2 ''' but remains untouched.

The housing shells G1, G2 have at their ends an adapted cable gland 10 , which is the cable leading into it 2.2 tight and thus in the closed state for a strain relief of the cable 2.2 provides. Furthermore, the housing G is protected by a in the housing halves G1 and / or G2 rubber ring (not shown) in the closed housing state against splashing water and dirt.

Inside the housing there is a cut current transformer / current measuring transducer 1.1 , its first half 1.1 ' with the first housing half G1 and the second housing half 1.1 '' are connected to the second housing half G2 such that both halves 1.1 ' and 1.1 '' form a closed magnetic circuit in the closed housing state and thus as a current transducer 1.1 a cable core passing through, here 2.2 ' , can serve.

A first cable guide 11 , which is arranged in the second housing half G2, ensures that the cable core to be measured 2.2 ' in the right and fixed angle or along the longitudinal axis A by the current transducer 1.1 is guided to avoid measurement errors (see also detail Z according to 4 ).

The cable core 2.2 '' will be in a second cable management 12 the second housing half G2 out and fixed in position.

Both housing halves G1, G2 are connected to each other via hinges S pivotally.

Some sectional views through the closed housing halves G1 and G2 of the housing G are in the 5 to 8th shown. The section in the area AA gem. 3 through the current transducer 1.1 through which the cable core 2.2 ' leads, shows the 5 , It can be seen that the current transducer 1.1 in the closed state of the housing G, the cable core 2.2 ' surrounds.

The cable guides 11 . 12 are according to 6 (Section BB) and 7 Voltage insulation displacement terminals 1.2 assigned in the way that they in the closed housing state in the electrical insulation M of the individually installed cable cores 2.2 ' and 2.2 '' cut and thus an electrical voltage from these cable wires 2.2 ' and 2.2 '' can be removed. According to 6 and 7 become the voltage cutting terminals 1.2 against the force of a spring 13 actuated. The tapped electrical voltage serves on the one hand to supply the measuring electronics and on the other hand as a measuring input quantity for the determination of active, apparent and reactive power of the connected consumer.

In 8th is the section in the area CC through the housing G according to 3 shown. The cable 2.2 is not yet stripped at this position, so that's the three cable wires 2.2 ' . 2.2 '' and 2.2 ''' are enclosed and it is the circuit board / the integrated circuit L shown.

The in the 3 and 6 illustrated third cable core 2.2 ''' is the mass and is not needed for the measurement.

With the solution according to the invention, it is possible in a simple manner to determine a device for detecting the performance data of a consumer, without disconnecting the consumer from the network, whereby a simple retrofitting is possible.

The power cable of the consumer is simply stripped in a certain area, without removing the sheath of the individual wires, the individual cable wires are fixed in the housing, this closed and ready!

In the particular hinged or zusammensteckbaren housing a current transformer and a corresponding evaluation are integrated, the power supply can be battery powered or rated voltage operated with insulation displacement terminals. The measured value output takes place in a simple way via a cable or via radio. In both cases it is possible to temporarily store the measured values in the device as well.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3102998 A1 [0002]
• DE 3040316 A1 [0003]
• DE 10051160 B4 [0003]
• DE 102007003830 B4 [0003]
• DE 102008030334 A1 [0003]
• DE 102008039568 A1 [0003]
• WO 2008/021639 A2 [0007]

Claims (21)

Device for detecting the active power and / or electrical work of a consumer ( 2.3 ), with a cable ( 2.2 ), which has a plurality of conductors / cable wires, is connected to a circuit, wherein on the cable ( 2.2 ) a housing (G) with one or more electrical consumption values of the cable ( 2.2 ) connected consumer ( 2.3 ) measuring sensor (s) ( 2.1 ) is installed, the current via a split current transducer ( 1.1 ) and the voltage through insulation displacement terminals concatenated with the conductors ( 1.2 ) are removed and the housing (G) has means which the cable ( 2.2 ) / the cable wires of the cable ( 2.2 ) in the housing (G). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that and the measuring sensor (s) ( 2.1 ) send these values to a data collector ( 2.4 ) transmits / transmit and / or display on a display device in the housing (G), Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data by remote data transmission or by means of data cable from the measuring sensors ( 2.1 ) to the data collector ( 2.4 ) are transferable and the electrical consumption values can be displayed on a monitor and / or stored in a data memory (for evaluations). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cable ( 2.2 ) in the region of the attachment of the housing (G) is at least partially stripped, such that the inner insulation of the individual cable strands of the cable ( 2.2 ) persists. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing (G) consists of two housing shells (G1, G2), which can be installed on the cable ( 2.2 ) opened / unfolded and after fixing the cable ( 2.2 ) are closed / compressed. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the housing (G) / the housing shells (G1, G2) has a customized cable bushing / s, which the cable ( 2.2 ) tightly enclosed on the outer circumference. Device according to one of claims 1 to, characterized in that the housing (G) is protected by appropriate seals against the ingress of moisture and / or contamination. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the housing (G) a cut current transformer ( 1.1 ) is arranged, which forms a closed magnetic circuit in the closed state of the housing (G) and to a cable core of the cable ( 2.2 ) and serves as a current measuring transducer for detecting the current flowing through this conductor, wherein the means for fixing the position of the cable core ensure that the cable core leads through the current measuring transducer at a substantially right and fixed angle. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the housing (G) voltage cutting terminals ( 1.2 ) are mounted in such a way that they cut in the closed housing state in the electrical insulation of two cable cores and thus an electrical voltage from these cable cores is removable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electrical voltage as a measuring input quantity for determining the active, apparent and reactive power of the connected consumer ( 2.3 ) and / or for the supply of the measuring electronics. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the terminals of the current transformer ( 1.1 ) as well as via the insulation displacement terminals ( 1.2 ) Rated voltage can be processed by an electrical circuit. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that from the nominal voltage, the low voltage for the operation of the evaluation and radio electronics is generated and / or the rated voltage via a voltage divider ( 1.4 ) as well as the connections of the current transformer ( 1.1 ) directly to analog-to-digital converters ( 1.5 . 1.6 ) are connected. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the digital output signals of the analog-to-digital converter (s) ( 1.5 . 1.6 ) in a microprocessor ( 1.7 ) are linked to the electrical quantities active, apparent and reactive power and from this the power factor is determined. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in the analog-to-digital converter ( 1.5 . 1.6 ) the exact value of the rated voltage is determined. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the determined electrical values from the microprocessor via a radio module connected thereto ( 1.8 ) to the data collector ( 2.4 ) are transferable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that in the electronics a rechargeable accumulator ( 1.9 ) is integrated, the via a charging circuit ( 1.10 ) is charged with applied nominal voltage and in the case of non-existing nominal voltage, the power supply of the microprocessor ( 1.7 ) and the radio module (F). Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that microprocessor, analog-to-digital converter and radio module are integrated in an integrated circuit. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that in the housing (G) one or more status displays are integrated. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in the housing (G) status LEDs ( 1.11 ), which display the functions rated voltage, radio link stable, current flowing. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that in the housing (G), in particular via the microprocessor ( 1.7 ), an LCD display ( 1.12 ) is integrated to visualize the current consumption values. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the LCD display ( 1.12 ) is arranged in the interior of the housing (G) and visible over a transparent part of the otherwise insulating housing, which consists in particular of plastic.

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