DE202010001061U1 - Autocropping - Google Patents

Abstract

Format cut from material with high air and / or water vapor permeability, in particular leather or textile material (6), which format cut (1) on its outer surface during use or its use surface (7) with at least one, advantageously via an adhesive or primer layer (3) attached, surface layer (2) is provided from a solidified polyurethane dispersion, characterized in that the format blank (1) partially, only on at least one, in particular subjected to increased use, of the surface (7) with the Surface layer (2) is provided or glued and the remaining areas (4) of this surface (7) with respect to their air and / or water vapor permeability remain unaffected and free of surface layers (2).

Description

The invention relates to a format cut from material with high air and / or water vapor permeability, in particular leather or textile material, which formate cut on its outer surface in use or its use surface with at least one, advantageously connected via an adhesive or primer layer, Surface layer is provided from a solidified polyurethane dispersion.

It is known, especially on shoes whose upper part is made of textile material to vulcanize soles of rubber compounds. This requires a temperature of 145 ° C, which also acts on the upper material. The rubber can also partially coat the upper. The rubber coatings are thicker than 0.6 mm and the formation of coatings is time and temperature consuming. It is also known to partially coat soles of sports shoes with a polyurethane composition in a metal mold. The molds are expensive and the coatings are thick.

Furthermore, it is known to apply coatings which consist of thermoplastic materials by injection molding or to use partial adhesive for joining shaft materials. Injection molds are expensive and the resulting coatings are stiff and poorly abrasion resistant.

Leather materials, especially nubuck leather and split velor leather, Alcantara and textile materials have a high water vapor permeability, measured according to DIN EN ISO 14268 is always above 2.0 mg / cm ² per hour and often up to 10 mg / cm ² per hour. Such values are optimal for the wearing comfort of shoes, but also for the vehicle interior. The disadvantages, however, are insufficient abrasion resistance, insufficient light fastness, soiling and the like.

For shoes and vehicles, however, there are zones where increased abrasion resistance, increased lightfastness, reduced water absorption, and high color abrasion resistance are required.

As a rule, the leathers with the worst values cut off. Therefore, leather are all over trimmed, or provided hydrophobic with oils and waxes, so they are heavy and have other disadvantages, such. B. sensitive to scratching and dirt.

The invention is therefore based on the object for the comfort (water vapor and air permeability) important properties to obtain largely and protect the places that are particularly at risk in such a way that the water vapor permeability is limited as little as possible.

The primary object of the invention is to avoid the drawbacks of the known products and to produce a durable and attractive format cut.

According to the invention a formatting section of the type mentioned is characterized in that the Formatsuschnitt partially, only on at least one, in particular in use subjected to increased stress subregion of the surface is provided with the surface layer or glued and the remaining areas of this area with respect to your air and / or water vapor permeability unaffected and remain free of surface layers.

According to the formatting sections are only partially and not completely coated. For this reason, the Formussuschnitte are breathable even without a particular mechanical perforation. The format blanks known from the prior art, which are completely coated, are not breathable without mechanical perforation. However, any perforation automatically leads to a deterioration of the mechanical strength properties. The production of different colors on the same format cut is difficult and expensive. The main disadvantage of the known format cuts, however, is that the natural properties of leather or textiles are completely restricted by the full-surface application of a coating. In the known format cuts and articles produced therefrom, which are coated over the entire surface, however, especially the wearing comfort properties as well as the feel and the appearance suffer because the design options are limited. These disadvantages are avoided according to the invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the surface layer is constructed with a solidified polyurethane dispersion mixture, wherein the polyurethane to 30 to 85 wt%, preferably 40 to 55 wt%, has a crystalline structure and is crosslinked. Thus, a well-adherent, durable structure of the surface layer is achieved, this is resistant to abrasion and mechanical stress.

According to the invention, it may be provided that the polyurethane having the crystalline layer of the primer layer is built up and crosslinked with polyurethane having from 50 to 85% by weight of crystalline structure. For such a primer layer, it is advantageous if the primer layer is 0.01 to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.6 mm, in particular 0.3 to 0.4 mm, deep into the absorbent material of the material surface is stored here. At most in the area of the surface layer, the primer layer may be applied in the form of a film below the surface layer on the material surface. Primer layers barely affected the air and water permeability of the material, but provide good support to the applied surface layers.

Due to the fact that in the subject invention the uncoated areas are impregnated only from their surface with a polyurethane dispersion having the same or a very similar composition as the surface layer, not in the form of a film but of a sprayed-on and absorbed structure, the existing water vapor and air permeability remains at least to 70%, while up to 90% is lost in the areas where partially applied surface layers are present. In contrast, however, the impregnation ensures that the partially applied surface layers do not stand out from the material during use, since there is a good bond or firm adhesion or good adhesion of the surface layers to the primer layer soaked in the material.

It can definitely be provided that below the partially applied surface layers, the impregnation layer is also applied in the form of a film or film-forming, ie thicker. Over the areas of the material that are not covered by surface layers, the primer or impregnation layer is not applied film-forming or visible to the naked eye.

In order to form the surface layer and the primer layer in accordance with the stresses and requirements, it may be provided that the surface layer is applied to the material in the form of a film at a weight of 0.7 to 1.6 g per 100 cm ² and / or that the primer layer with a weight of 0.02 to 0.6 g per 100 cm ² of the surface in the material, in particular the surface layer-free material, introduced or incorporated. The primer layer is thus deposited in the surface layer-free regions with a relatively low weight per unit area; below the intended surface layers, the primer layer can be formed either with its low basis weight or with an increased basis weight.

Heretofore, it has been difficult to apply thin, partial surface layers because they dissolved at the transition to the uncoated portion of the support in the duration of flexing, especially under the influence of moisture. It has been found that this problem can also be solved by impregnating the carrier with a primer layer. The primer is a polyurethane dispersion with a crystalline content. This dispersion is advantageously applied over the entire surface of the format parts. Advantageously, in Spaltvelour, nubuck leather, leather fiber materials and textiles such that the impregnation of the surface forth, depending on the particular carrier, for. Between 0.03 mm and 0.6 mm, penetrates into the molding blank without forming a film on the surface. This primer impregnation may be transparent or contain pigments. In the final phase, it is also networked, that is no longer thermoplastic. As a result of this impregnation, the water vapor permeability is hardly influenced, while the wicking of the surface or its water absorption is influenced, that is suppressed, so that the surface layer does not dissolve in flex life even under the influence of moisture.

For the preparation of the primer layer, the substantially identical polyurethane dispersion which has been sprayed onto the silicone matrix, but in a corresponding dilution, spray applied to the material of the Formatsuschnittes and - as already mentioned, - outside the areas on which the partial surface layers are applied, definitely in non-film-making form. In the course of the formation of the surface layer and formation of the primer layer thus containing substantially identical constituents polyurethane dispersions are used. However, the polyurethane dispersion for the primer layer has a lower concentration of solids and therefore a lower viscosity. Although these properties of the dispersions used can not be detected on the finished product, it is clearly evident on the finished product that the primer layer has been absorbed into the material in a non-film-forming manner and that the surface layers produced on a silicone matrix are applied in the form of a film to the shaped section are. Thus, the amount of polyurethane incorporated into the material in the course of the formation of the primer layer per unit area is substantially less than the amount of polyurethane present in a surface layer per unit area.

Crosslinks in the solidified dispersions can definitely also be formed by the crosslinkers present in the polyurethane dispersions. In the dispersion, the polyurethane has a predominantly linear structure, which may still be present after application in the solidified polyurethane, but in its extent is reduced by the crosslinker used over the aqueous dispersion.

A suitable format for the intended applications when the thickness of the material, preferably of leather, is 0.7 to 2.8 mm, preferably 1.2 to 2.4 mm. A durable surface layer results when the thickness of the surface layer is 0.05 to 0.65 mm.

In cut-to-size pieces according to the invention, it is advantageous if as suede leather, split suede leather, nubuck leather, grain leather, also grain leather with a classic dressing and grain leather with a Semianilinzurichtung, especially with roughened scar surface in the surface layer, synthetic velor material, especially Alcantara, artificial leather on textile supports, textile material, in particular microfibre tile, woven or knitted fabric, leather fibers or laminated textile materials, is provided. Such format cuts can be used for shoes, sports shoes, gloves, bags, car interior trim, etc.

For comfort, it is advantageous if it is provided that the material is absorbent and a water vapor permeability greater than 1.5 mg / cm ² , preferably greater than 4 mg / cm ² per hour, measured according to EN ISO 14268 has. It is reduced by the proposed primer layer, the water vapor and / or air permeability of the material only by less than 30%.

In practice, and in particular for the optical design, it can be provided that applied surface layers are color-different and / or structurally different from one another and / or with respect to the surface-layer-free regions.

The durability of the primer layer and the surface layer on the material is improved if the primer layer on the surface of the material projects laterally beyond the respective area of the surface layer. Advantageously, the primer layer is formed at least over partial regions of the surface layer-free surface, possibly over the entire surface-layer-free surface.

The application of the primer layer does not affect the visual impression of the format sections if the primer layer is completely drawn into the material and connected to the fibers.

A well adhering material for the surface layer and the primer layer is achieved when the material of the primer layer is equal to the material of the surface layer; nevertheless, the material of the primer layer, as it is applied, is previously diluted with respect to the material of the surface layer. The primer layer used is a dilute polyurethane dispersion having a flow viscosity of less than 10 seconds in the FORD cup with a diameter of 4 mm.

It can be provided that the surface layer and / or the primer layer contains up to 25% by weight of polyacrylates.

A particularly significant embodiment of the invention provides that the surface layer is formed with a with respect to the outer surface of the surface layer negatively structured pad or mold made of silicone rubber by solidification of a polyurethane-containing dispersion, advantageously the silicone rubber matrix of the size of the formed in the form of a film, partially corresponds to surface layer to be applied.

In contrast to the thick coatings known from the prior art, a surface layer which is kept extremely thin is formed here on the shaped section. At the same time, however, it is possible that a desired structure may be formed on the surface layer. This formation of a surface layer on a separate mold and the subsequent application to the Formatzuschnitt is clearly visible in studies of the finished format blank. In the case of the finished product or cut to size, it can be seen that the partially applied surface layers were formed on a structured base, namely the silicone rubber matrix. The only alternative would be, after applying a different kind of consolidated or formed thin surface layer on Formatzuschnitt in this self impress the desired structure, but this does not succeed with appropriate precision and thus clear differences in quality and type and shape between a on a Silikonkautschukmatrize formed surface layer and a structure can be seen, which is subsequently applied to a surface already applied to the Formatzuschnitt surface layer. An essential aspect of the invention is thus that the partially coated carrier blanks surface layers are applied or bonded, which are made on a silicone rubber matrix.

The surface layer may suitably consist of several thin layers which are inseparable from one another. At best, these layers can be produced and joined together on the silicone matrix. Further, the surface layer may contain an embedded thin textile material having a weight of less than 0.8 g per 100 cm ² , preferably containing a microfiber web.

The partially coated formate blanks according to the invention are not thermoplastic, they are easy to prepare using cheap silicone negative matrices. It is simple and straightforward to carry out surface structures and color designs, in particular since the dispersions used to prepare the coatings can be sprayed or applied without pressure onto open silicone matrices. This application also results in a slightly inhomogeneous cross-sectional structure in the surface layer. In the case of mechanical detachment of an applied surface layer from a pattern cut, the structure typical of a spray application can already be recognized by a tenfold enlargement of a cross-sectional view. By stretching applied surface layers by about 200%, the differently small, transparent air bubbles are visible even without magnification.

In the partial coating of the Formatzuschnittes consisting of polyurethane film is applied together with the negative forming silicone mold in the solidified state on the selected area of the Formatzuschnittes and glued to it. On the Formatzuschnitt the same dispersion is applied as a primer layer of appropriate size. When the film or foil produced on the silicone matrix has reached a certain degree of dryness, in particular a certain degree of freedom from water or the primer layer-forming dispersion on the size cut is dry, the foil and the size cut are superimposed and bonded together under medium heat and pressure , Thereafter, the structuring silicone rubber matrix is peeled off and can be reused.

Especially for shoe tops, it is advantageous if the surface layer is preferably formed in the cap or heel area of the shoe blade and is formed with respect to the surface structure of the scar, nubuck or suede leather used with a different surface structure and / or color.

In the case of cut-outs for gloves, it is advantageous if the surface layers are applied in the region of the palms and / or the front of the fingers and the surface-layer-free areas lie in the areas between the fingers and / or the back of the hand.

In all cases it is possible for decorative seams in the form of functional seams and / or random patterns to be formed in the surface layer, which is achieved by appropriate shaping of the silicone rubber matrix.

For the surface design, it is possible for a rounded depression of the surface layer and of the material to be formed in the transition region from the surface layer to the surface layer-free material, possibly a primer layer which laterally protrudes or projects beyond the surface layer. This also counteracts a detachment of the surface layer.

For the optical and structural formation of format cuts, it is possible, the structured surface layer, the appearance of ground hard material parts, ground rubber, sandpaper, waffle patterns or a technical fabric such. As a woven or knitted fabric made of glass or carbon fibers, or to give a technical appearance or an artificial velor structure or a liver color or nubuck-like appearance.

Appealing and well-preserved size cuts result when the surface layer is applied to the nubuck surface or the suede side of a split leather or to the roughened areas of a partially roughened scar side of a scar leather.

In order to increase the water resistance of shoes or trim pieces, it can be provided according to the invention that a very thin, hydrophobic finish layer with a thickness of less than 0.005 mm with nanoparticles of polysioxane or of wax or on the surface layer and / or the remaining surface of the material of fluoropolymers or of mixtures of these is applied. Also on finished articles, eg. As shoes or gloves, the finish can be applied. A finish of this kind can be applied to the entire fabricated article or to partial areas and has no negative impact on the water vapor permeability, but impedes the penetration of water into the articles, especially in shoes or gloves. Such finish application also improves the light and color fastness of the size-forming material at the non-surface-layered locations.

A glove according to the invention, which is formed with a shape cutout according to the invention, is advantageously designed such that the areas provided with the surface layer are located at least on the palm and / or the front surface of the fingers and in particular the areas between the fingers and / or on the back of the hand are kept free of a surface layer.

An interior lining of a motor vehicle with a trim piece according to the invention is characterized in that the areas provided with the surface layer form at least the places which are most heavily stressed during use. In this way resistant to abrasion and damage resistant gloves or panels are created.

There is also the advantage of forming the surface layer in the form or according to the outline shape of a company logo and to attach it to the surface of the format cut.

Suede is understood as goat or sheep suede. These are leather in which the meat side was made by grinding velor-like. Such leathers are mainly used for gloves and ballet shoes.

During impregnation, polyurethane dispersion is applied at least to the partial areas of the shaped sections which are to be coated, at least as large as the surface layer should be. Also on the remaining surface of the Formatzuschnittes this aqueous dispersion adhesive, which consists of polyurethane or polyurethane, are applied thinly, wherein it penetrates into the nubuck or suede or ground surface of the Formatzuschnittes preferably between 0.01 and 0.12 mm ,

The individual surface layers can be formed with a logo, a decorative seam, which looks like a functional seam, or any pattern. Preferably, such formations are incorporated simultaneously with the formation of the surface structure of the surface layer in the negative, that is in the silicone mold by means of laser.

The surface layer usually has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.25 mm and contains both volume and weight moderately at least 52% polyester polyurethane and contains, in addition to pigments, crosslinkers possibly also other polymers such. As polyacrylates and / or synthetic resins, which are also present as aqueous dispersions.

As a material of integrally present carrier or format cuts are in particular nubuck leather, split suede leather, cow grain leather, which is roughened in the respective coating zone, goat or sheep suede, but also textile fabric carrier, which are formed by laminating at least two textile webs and advantageously a thickness of at least 1.2 mm, in question. All these carriers have a high water vapor and air permeability.

This permeability should be maintained over the largest possible surface of the product produced from the Formatzuschnitt. The surface layer, which is intended to protect the material, is located on the shaped sections in the areas of greater stress, in shoes, for example, in the toe area and circumferentially above the outsole and may be formed strip-shaped along the sole edge.

The surface layers are advantageously arranged at certain intervals from each other free spaces for air passage regularly or irregularly distributed on the Formatzuschnitt. The peripheral shape of the surface layers is selectable.

According to the invention have shoes in which the surface of the upper part is at least 45% deckle-free, due to the high water vapor permeability significantly better comfort than shoes whose blanks are coated over the entire surface, even if these surfaces coated over the entire surface are perforated.

A leather trim should contain less than 12% by weight of fat and be free of natural oils such as natural oils. As fish oils. In and of themselves, polymeric synthetic greases form a good compatibility with the primer application, and thus also have a good primer for the surface layer.

To obtain softness and air permeability, laminated textile webs can be used, which can be joined together with foamed polymers and / or dispersion adhesives.

The surface layer may have a regular shape on the support, for. As round, oval, rectangular, square or strip-shaped or combinations of these forms.

Under a Formatzuschnitt, in particular for a shoe upper, are also format cuts to understand that represent combinations of individual blanks or blanks in a coherent form. Such larger format blanks are cut into individual blanks or are cut out of the large format cuts the appropriate blanks.

If leather is used as a carrier, it is particularly advantageous if, in the production of individual format cuts, those leather surfaces which have surface defects are partially coated, which is often the case with natural leather, so that the uncoated areas can be kept more easily error-free. That leads to a Savings of waste waste from the leather and a considerable price saving.

If textiles are used, they should be laminated before coating, ie before punching out, so that from two or three webs a blank with a thickness of at least 1.2 mm is present.

If blanks with velor surface are used, the primer layer, even if it is provided with a pigment penetrates into the roughened or absorbent surface, so that such a primer layer is completely absorbed. Thus, there is no film on the surface of such a format cut despite coloration.

In split suede leather, nubuck leather, textiles, impregnated microfibre tiles and roughened leather fiber materials, ie, materials which are absorbent, the dispersion used as a primer for bonding the solidified surface layer on the silicone base to the size cut can more or less affect the areas to be coated been applied film-forming. Alternatively, the dilute dispersion used as the primer layer, which has a flow viscosity of less than 10 seconds in the 4 mm diameter FORD cup, can impregnate the surface of the blank so that no visible film is formed since it is aspirated after spraying. If the dispersion used to impregnate or form the primer layer contains pigments, the absorbent surface can be made color-fast and color-abrasion-resistant or color-changed. In the presence of absorbent materials, however, there is the disadvantage that water can penetrate in a certain amount in the material or can pass through it. On the other hand, it is possible to prevent by applying a 10 to 80 μ (micron) thick plastic film, which has micro perforation between 40 and 220 perforations per 1 cm ² , which prevents the passage of water. Inexpensive fluorine-free films, eg. As those made of PP, PA, or PVDC, after their perforation escape the water vapor when wearing shoes and prevent the water can pass through the material unhindered by the foot. Good results are achieved when the films are placed between the shoe lining and the upper.

In general it is stated that used textiles should have a minimum thickness of 1.0 mm; this also applies to laminated textiles.

By laminating especially textile webs are connected together. These webs may be woven, knitted or non-woven. The fibers from which such materials are formed are natural fibers such. As cotton and / or synthetic fibers, such as. B. from PA, PS, PUR or PE or fiber blends.

Other substrates may include synthetic velor materials such. B. Alcantara, which is also produced as a web.

Under grain leather are understood leather in which the grain surface is not ab- but only slightly sanded and still has the appearance of full-grain leather, and may also have a thin classic polymer coating or grain leather with a Semianilinzurichtung.

Between the microfibers of the materials used is a coagulation-structured polyurethane with open cells.

Artificial leather produced as web material with a textile carrier and a polyurethane coating which has a corresponding air permeability can also be used.

1 schematically shows a plan view of an embodiment of a formatting cutout according to the invention.

2 shows a section according to AA in 1 ,

3 shows in section a possible formation of a transition of a surface layer to a surface layer-free area.

4 shows an embodiment of a Formatzuschnittes, which can be used for the formation of the heel area of a shoe.

5 shows a Formatsuschnitt for a shoe cap.

1 shows a plan view of a Formatzuschnitt invention. This format cut 1 is from a material 6 formed with high air and / or water vapor permeability, in particular leather or textile material. This format cut 1 shows on its surface 7 partially applied surface layers 2 , In this in 1 illustrated format section 1 It is a blank for the formation of the leaf area of a shoe. In this case, the surface layers 2 in the lateral areas of the format cut 1 located in the areas that are exposed to greater stress when wearing the shoe.

The further surface layer 2 is above the format cut 1 transverse shape of a formed angled strip. Such a surface layer 2 can be viewed as a decoration or further protective measure or as a logo or company emblem or designed.

As in 2 Shown on average AA, is on the material 6 a primer or adhesive layer 3 sprayed, which in particular completely in the material 6 is retracted and connected to its fibers. On this primer layer 3 becomes the surface layer 2 applied.

The surface layer comprises a solidified polyurethane dispersion mixture or a polyurethane dispersion with appropriate additives, for example crosslinkers, pigments; Polyacrylates, etc. and may have a crystalline structure in the amount of 30 to 85% by weight. This surface layer 2 is with the applied primer layer 3 or the material surface 7 or the resulting outstanding fibers.

The primer layer 3 advantageously has the same composition as the surface layer 3 but shows a higher content of crystalline structure polyurethane as a dispersion.

It is essential that the primer layer 3 to some extent or wholly into the absorbent material 6 of the format section was stored or absorbed and thus is not visible. If the primer layer contains pigments or dyes, the material becomes 6 at most of the surface layer 2 granted different color or different appearance.

3 shows how in the transition region of the surface layer 2 to the surface layer-free material surface 7 a depression or rounding 5 formed by pressing, which is the surface layer 2 and the underlying primer layer 3 and the material 6 includes or eintein. This will be in the transition region of the surface layer 3 to the material a lifting of the surface layer 2 avoided. The depression or rounding 5 connects the material 6 especially good with the edges of the surface layers 2 ,

In 2 it can be seen that the primer layer 3 below and to the side of the surface layer 2 on the surface 7 of the material 6 is applied runs. The primer layer can over the entire Formatzuschnitt 1 to be roasted; however, it is also possible the primer layer 3 just below the surface layer 2 or these laterally only to a small extent, as in 3 is shown to train.

Not shown in the drawings is that over the entire finished blank, that is over the surface layers 2 and / or over the surface layer free 2 trained areas 4 a very thin hydrophobic finish layer can be applied.

Advantageously, smooth materials which are to be used or finished as a format cut are used in the areas in which surface layers 2 should be applied, roughened in advance.

As in particular from 1 and 2 it can be seen, are the areas in which surface layers 2 are applied through areas 4 separated, in which no surface layers 2 available. The areas with surface layers 2 are impermeable to air and moisture; the areas 4 are breathable, but water permeable. For this reason, it is advantageous to use the primer layer 3 also about the areas 4 to draw or train there.

5 shows a Formatsuschnitt for shoe front parts, wherein the cap portion with a surface layer 2 is provided. The surface-layer-free area 4 can with a primer layer 3 be provided on this area of the surface 7 of the material 6 is applied. The different surface structure is recognizable.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN ISO 14268 [0004]
• EN ISO 14268 [0021]

Claims (29)

Formatsuschnitt of material with high air and / or water vapor permeability, especially leather or textile material ( 6 ), which format section ( 1 ) on its outer surface in use or its utility surface ( 7 ) with at least one, advantageously via an adhesive or primer layer ( 3 ), surface layer ( 2 ) is provided from a solidified polyurethane dispersion, characterized in that the Formatsuschnitt ( 1 ) partially, only on at least one, in particular in use subjected to increased stress, subarea of the surface ( 7 ) with the surface layer ( 2 ) is glued and glued and the remaining areas ( 4 ) of this area ( 7 ) are unaffected by their air and / or water vapor permeability and free of surface layers ( 2 ) remain. Formate blank according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) is prepared with a solidified polyurethane dispersion mixture and the polyurethane to 30 to 85 wt%, preferably 40 to 55 wt%, has a crystalline structure and is crosslinked. Formate blank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the primer layer ( 3 ) is built up and crosslinked to 50 to 85% by weight of polyurethane having crystalline structure. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the primer layer ( 3 ) 0.01 to 0.9 mm, preferably 0.02 to 0.6 mm, in particular 0.3 to 0.4 mm, deep into the absorbent material ( 6 ) of the format section ( 1 ) from the material surface ( 7 ) is stored or fed in and / or only in the region of the surface layer ( 2 ) below the surface layer ( 2 ) on the material surface ( 7 ) is applied film-forming. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) having a weight of 0.7 to 1.6 g per 100 cm ² in the form of a film on the material ( 6 ) of the format section ( 1 ) is applied and / or that the primer layer ( 3 ) having a weight of 0.02 to 0.6 g per 100 cm ² from the surface ( 7 ) in the material ( 6 ) is introduced or stored. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness of the material ( 6 ), preferably of leather, 0.7 to 2.8 mm, preferably 1.2 to 2.4 mm. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness of the surface layer ( 2 ) Is 0.05 to 0.65 mm. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that as material ( 6 ) Suede, split suede leather, nubuck leather, grain leather, especially with roughened scar surface in the surface layer, synthetic velor material, especially Alcantara, artificial leather on textile supports, textile material, especially microfibre, woven or knitted fabric, leather pulp or laminated textile materials is provided. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Formatzuschnitt ( 1 ) is a style trim for shoes, sports shoes, gloves, bags, car interior panels. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the material ( 6 ) is absorbent and has a water vapor permeability greater than 1.5 mg / cm ² per hour, preferably greater than 4 mg / cm ² per hour, measured according to EN ISO 14268 (NORM) and / or that by the primer layer ( 3 ) the water vapor and / or air permeability of the material ( 6 ) is only reduced by less than 30%. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that applied surface layers ( 2 ) in terms of color and / or structure different from the surface-layer-free areas ( 4 ) are formed. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the primer layer ( 3 ) on the surface ( 7 ) of the material ( 6 ) the respective area of the surface layer ( 2 ) surmounted laterally or at least over subregions of the surface layer-free material surface ( 7 ), if necessary over the entire surface layer-free material surface ( 7 ), is trained. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the primer layer ( 3 ) completely in the material ( 6 ) is retracted and connected to its fibers. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the material of the primer layer ( 3 ) the material of the surface layer ( 2 ), but opposite to the material of the surface layer ( 2 ) is used in the form of a dilute dispersion. Formatsuschnitt according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that as a primer layer ( 3 ) is applied a dilute polyurethane dispersion having a flow viscosity of less than 10 seconds in the FORD cup with a diameter of 4 mm. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) and / or the primer layer ( 3 ) contains up to 25% by weight of polyacrylates. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) is formed with a negatively structured pad or mold made of silicone rubber by solidification of a polyurethane-containing dispersion, preferably by pressure and / or heat to the material surface ( 7 ) and / or the primer layer ( 3 ) or bonded thereto, wherein advantageously the silicone rubber matrix of the size of the formed in the form of a film, partially applied surface layer ( 2 ) corresponds. Formatsuschnitt for a shoe upper in the form of a one-piece, in particular seamless leather blank, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) is preferably formed in the cap or heel region of the shoe blade and is formed with respect to the surface structure of the scar, nubuck or suede leather used with a different surface structure and / or color. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in Formatsuschnitten for gloves, the surface layers ( 2 ) are applied in the area of the palms and / or the front of the fingers and the surface-layer-free areas lie in the areas between the fingers and / or the back of the hand. Formate blank according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that in or on the surface layer ( 2 ) Decorative seams in the form of functional seams and / or patterns are formed. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that in the transition region of the surface layer ( 2 ) to the surface layer-free material surface ( 7 ) one, at most one over the surface layer ( 2 ) laterally protruding or protruding primer layer ( 3 ), preferably rounded depression (FIG. 5 ) by compacting or pressing the surface layer ( 2 ) and the material ( 6 ) is trained. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the structured surface layer ( 2 ) the appearance of ground hard material parts, ground rubber, sandpaper, waffle patterns, a technical fabric such. As a woven or knitted fabric of glass or carbon fibers, or a technical appearance or an artificial suede structure or a scar leather or nubuck-like appearance. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) is applied to the nubuck surface or the suede side of a split leather or to the partially roughened scar side of a scar leather. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) has the shape or outline of a company logo. A molding blank according to any one of claims 1 to 24 or a shoe with a formatting blank according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) and / or the remaining surface ( 7 ) of the material ( 6 ) a very thin, hydrophobic finish layer of less than 0.005 mm in thickness is coated with nanoparticles of polysioxane or of wax or of fluoropolymers or of mixtures of these. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) is made up of several thin, inseparably connected layers. Formatsuschnitt according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) contains an embedded thin textile material having a weight of less than 0.8 g per 100 cm ² , preferably containing a microfiber web. A glove formed with a molding blank according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) provided areas located at least on the palm and / or the front surface of the fingers and in particular the areas between the fingers and / or on the back of the hand are kept free of a surface layer. Inner lining of a motor vehicle with a format cutout according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the surface layer ( 2 ) provided areas at least represent the most stressed areas in use.

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