DE202010000364U1 - Contactless current measuring device and consumer energy measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

Contactless current measuring device (10) for determining an electrical consumption energy of a consumer (14) connectable by means of a consumer plug (32) to an electrical AC or three-phase power supply network (12)
- At least one magnetic field probe (16) for measuring the strength of a magnetic field of a current-carrying consumer line;
- An evaluation device (20) in electrical contact with the magnetic field probe (16) for determining the consumer (14) recorded electrical current;
- A communication device (22) for wireless transmission of at least the determined current value to at least one consumer energy evaluation device (24);
- An electrical energy store (26), in particular battery, accumulator or capacitor for electrical power supply at least the evaluation device (20) and the communication device (22), wherein the current measuring device (10) is galvanically isolated from the power supply network (12),
characterized in that at least the magnetic field probe (16) is arranged in a Zwischensteckgehäuse (28) which is adapted to be interposed in a plug connection (30) between the consumer plug (32) and junction box (34) / connection coupling of the power supply network (12) ,

Description

State of the art

The The invention is based on a contactless current measuring device for the determination of an electrical energy consumption of a means a consumer plug to an electrical AC or three-phase power supply network connectable consumer, the at least one magnetic field probe for measuring the strength of a magnetic field of a current-carrying Consumer line, an evaluation device in electrical contact with the magnetic field probe for the determination of the consumed by the consumer electric power, a communication device for wireless Passing at least one specific current value to at least one Consumer energy evaluation device and an electrical energy storage, in particular battery, accumulator or capacitor, for electrical Energy supply at least the evaluation device and the communication device comprising, wherein the current measuring device galvanically from the power grid is disconnected.

In front The invention relates to current measuring devices for Determining the current consumed by a consumer to obtain from this the electric power and the electrical energy consumption of a Derived from the consumer. Such a current measuring device is often referred to as submeter (intermediate meter) and serves to selectively target individual power consumers or circuits to check their power consumption, to be able to analyze and control energy consumption. In this regard, There are a large number of different types on the market Systems that serve to reduce the power consumption of plug-in connectors Measuring consumers on a power grid. In most cases, the consumption data will be local to the current measuring device displayed. In addition, there are current measuring systems that their measurement data, for example, wired, in particular via a power line communication (PLC) via the power supply lines, or transmitted wirelessly, in particular by radio, to a central consumer energy evaluation device.

in the The technical field considered is the use of distributed current measuring devices in a consumer energy measuring system for the realization of a "smart metering" system considered the supply network customer and also the utility network operator provide a means to meet the requirements of the Law on Electricity and Gas Supply Takes into account. After that, the use of intelligent Meters and smart metering systems required, the actual energy consumption and actual usage time can display, with sub-year consumption information incentive to reduce electricity costs, a monthly, quarterly or semi-annual energy bill can be offered, load- and consumption-based tariffs can be and the transparency and analysis of your own Energy consumption is to be increased. This was the Concept of open metering system developed in which the use both from decentralized consumer energy evaluation devices, In particular, smart meters with built-in Fernkommunikationsmöglichkeit, as well as central consumer energy evaluation devices that the Collect information of secondary meters on an equal basis and evaluate, to be expanded.

In principle, two methods are used to measure the current, firstly a direct current measuring method in which a voltage drop can be measured via a known measuring resistor and thus converted into a current value, the disadvantage being that the entire load current has a predefined (small ) Must be guided, and thus leads to ohmic losses, the measuring resistor must be designed for high currents. On the other hand, a non-contact current measurement, in which the strength of the conductor magnetic field, which is generated by the load current and which varies in proportion to the current, is measured by means of a magnetic field probe. The current measuring devices known from the prior art are embedded in many cases in a Zwischensteckgehäuse, which has its own plug-in device and a coupling device, and correspondingly large and clunky, so that their use is often associated with technical difficulties (connector gap too small, poor contact connection , ugly appearance) and are standalone solutions that can not communicate with any utility energy evaluation device. In general, known current measuring devices have a self-energy requirement, which is between 2 to 10 watts, wherein the measuring energy is either diverted from the power grid or via an internal power source, such as battery or battery, made available. Due to the non-negligible consumption of own energy, achievable energy savings for the consumer are often nullified. Furthermore, generic ammeters are relatively expensive, cost between 30 to 120 euros, so that such ammeters are usually not connected in large numbers to many different consumers in a household, but only occasionally to critical consumers, such as refrigerator or washing machine attached become. However, a utility network customer is interested in the consumption of electricity the power of many, sometimes under-performing, consumers to monitor and analyze their energy consumption with the goal of reducing power consumption through the intelligent use of electrical loads.

In the DE 102005025541 A1 a current measuring device for measuring a consumer energy is proposed, which is integrated in a socket, and the means for current detection and evaluation comprises. For this purpose, the current measuring device can measure the recorded current of a consumer via a magnetic field probe, and transmit these measured values to a display system via a wireless communication device, for example. The current measuring device serves as a current monitoring socket to indicate a current state of an electrical load, wherein a message signal is emitted as soon as a detected current exceeds a predetermined threshold. However, the current measuring device is integrated into a power outlet, and thus not easy to install by a utility customer, and not easily replaceable by connection to a fixed installation. The consumer is not able to monitor the power consumption of any number of low-cost consumers.

task The invention is a current measuring device for the Determining an electrical energy consumption by means of a Plug to an electrical AC or three-phase power supply network consumer to propose to the electrical consumer be able to analyze it specifically for its power consumption, wherein the current measuring device be inexpensive to produce and should cost less than 10 euros, from the utility network customers easy to install and be designed to save space must be so that it can be connected to any power outlet. A Another task of the current measuring device is the data to a wirelessly transmit central consumer power evaluation device no optical or electrical impairment of the consumer connection to bring to the energy grid, and into an existing one Infrastructure, especially in connection with a smart one Counter, to let integrate.

intelligent Counters are considered electronic in this context Viewed counters that have built-in auxiliary functions or include subsequent modules can to measure meter states from Power companies over the distance to read out can. For remote data transmission of such counter states In particular, wireless radio network services, such as GSM, GPRS, W-LAN, WiMAX or similar, or wired communication capabilities, like PSTN, LAN or PLC. This communicates intelligent Counter with a network for transmission of Energy consumption values, but utility network operators as well Utility network customers through this network access can take the measured energy consumption values. Of Further, smart meters can, for example identify the current electricity tariff, which is actually prevailing Measure mains voltage and store a history of consumption data. A Combination of the measured values of a current measuring device with the additional functionalities of an intelligent meter can the utility network customer or the grid operator detailed information about give the sources of high or low energy consumption, and an analysis option available to him to efficiently save energy.

Disclosure of the invention

The The invention is based on a contactless current measuring device for the determination of an electrical energy consumption of a means a power plug to an electrical AC or three-phase power supply network connectable consumer. For this purpose, the current measuring device comprises at least one magnetic field probe for measuring the strength of a Magnetic field of a current-carrying consumer line and a Evaluation device in electrical contact with the magnetic field probe for determining the electrical current consumed by the consumer. Furthermore, the current measuring device comprises a communication device for wireless transmission of at least the determined current value at least one consumer energy evaluation device and an electrical Energy storage, in particular battery, accumulator or capacitor, for the electrical power supply of at least the evaluation device and the communication device, wherein the current measuring device is galvanically isolated from the power grid.

It It is proposed that the current measuring device is designed in this way is that at least the magnetic field probe in a Zwischensteckgehäuse is arranged, which is suitable in a plug connection between consumer plug and junction box / connection coupling of the power supply network to be interposed.

Thus, a small insert for existing sockets or a Zwischenadaptereinsatz is proposed, which includes a current measuring device and, for example, similar to a child safety device can be inserted into a Schuko socket, or as an intermediate adapter between the socket and the consumer plug are interposed can. The appearance of the intermediate connector housing depends on the type of junction box / connection coupling and can thus vary depending on the type of socket and country of use. The intermediate plug housing is formed so that at least on or around a current-carrying conductor between the junction box / connector and consumer plug a magnetic field probe is arranged, which can measure the conductor magnetic field, wherein the magnetic field generating consumer current through an evaluation, in particular evaluation, which may include, for example, a microprocessor , evaluated and transmitted by means of a wireless communication device, in particular radio interface, to the outside to a remote consumer energy evaluation device. It is conceivable that the evaluation device based on the measured current and the knowledge of the mains voltage - as a predetermined value, z. B. 240 V for AC, 300 V for three-phase or taking into account a measured voltage value, which is transmitted from a smart meter determines the performance of the consumer. If the evaluation device further comprises a timer, then the electrical energy consumption of the consumer can be determined. The measurement data can be transmitted, for example, regularly after a fixed periodic time interval or as needed, for example, when the current intensity changes. For this purpose, all the components of the evaluation device, the communication device, the energy storage device and the magnetic field probe can be arranged compactly on a thin printed circuit board or executed in a printed form. The adapter housing can thus be inserted, poured or glued into a mains connection box. Manufacturers of sockets can also be given the opportunity to pour the current measuring device with adapter housing in a housing of a socket, integrate or prepare by providing snap elements for holding a current measuring device. It is essential that no electrical contact between the current measuring device and the contacts of the socket or the consumer plug is made, so that there is a galvanic isolation of the power supply network of the current measuring device. The current measuring device according to the invention can serve as a subm meter to monitor individual consumers or circuits targeted to the power consumption, so that the utility grid can better understand and control the consumption of his electrical appliances. In particular, it is envisaged that the current measuring device as a "giveaway" can be delivered free of charge or for a small fee from power grid operators to utility network customers who can easily intervene to monitor their power consumption of the individual consumers without technical aids, and without expertise to their power consumption make it transparent. Particularly advantageous, the current measuring device can be integrated into an intelligent system, as in the WO 08/12408 A2 is described that via a push service z. B. can transmit consumption data to a provider.

In A particularly preferred embodiment proposes that the magnetic field probe can be an inductance coil, and that the electrical energy store is a rechargeable electric Energy storage, in particular an accumulator or capacitor, can be. Furthermore, it is proposed that between inductance coil and energy storage be connected to a rectifier device can, so that the rechargeable energy storage by means of the induced voltage is rechargeable in the inductance coil. Thus, a self-sufficient current measuring device provided, their internal energy storage for operation of the evaluation device and communication device from the magnetic energy coming from the inductance coils is recorded. A current-carrying conductor developed a magnetic field, wherein in the case of an alternating magnetic field in the inductance coils a voltage is induced that is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field. Especially at high currents, so For powerful consumers, the induced voltage can do so be used to charge an energy storage, especially in Periods in which evaluation and communication device are inactive, for example, in a period of time between two Requirements of current readings or in times when power consumption remains the same, so that evaluation and communication device do not have to report any changes in the current profile. The energy stored in the magnetic field is added during this time used to charge the energy store to power for the operation of the current measuring device over a long time pick up. Thus, the current measuring device with a very low energy requirement self-sufficient and maintenance-free a virtually unlimited Lifespan, and is thus maintenance-free and durable. The Rectifier device is used to that in the inductance coil induced AC voltage to DC voltage, and can For this purpose, typical rectifier components such as diodes and a capacitor, especially in a bridge rectifier circuit. The capacitor is used to smooth the voltage and can preferably itself be used as energy storage.

The inductance coil can be designed as desired, it is preferably spiral or rectangular in the region of a surface longitudinal section of a current-carrying conductor of the consumer supply line or in the space between two conductors wound, but other designs are conceivable. In a further embodiment, the inductance coil can be designed as a parallel to the consumer line guided line. However, it is important that the inductance coil delimits an area which can be flooded by the magnetic field of the consumer line. For this purpose, it may be advantageous that magnetically conductive elements such as iron or the like for guiding and bundling the conductor magnetic field on the load line or between two or more load lines are provided, and these are looped around by the inductance coil.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the current measuring device can between Inductance coil and rechargeable energy storage a voltage conversion device for adapting the induced Voltage of the inductance coil to a charging voltage for Charging the rechargeable electric energy storage connected be. The voltage converting means may be the induced voltage the inductance coil to a required charging voltage and a required charging current for charging the energy storage adapt and both passive electrical components such as transformers or the like as well as active components such as integrated circuits such as charge controller IC, Level matching IC or the like. It is conceivable that as voltage converter means a charge controller with or without Level adjustment can be used as an integrated component can be executed. The voltage converter device can both before (ie in the AC range) and behind one Rectifier device switched (in the DC voltage range) Preferably, this is covered by the rectifier device.

To a further advantageous embodiment of the current measuring device is between energy storage and evaluation a voltage conversion device for adapting the output voltage of the energy store to the supply voltage the evaluation switched. The interposition of a Voltage conversion device between energy storage and evaluation opens up the possibility that the energy storage provides a voltage that depends on the operating voltage deviates from evaluation and communication device. To adapt the voltage of the energy storage device to the operating voltage the evaluation device and communication device can be a Voltage conversion device, such as a boost converter or a buck converter, serve that allows it, small Voltages in higher voltages or vice versa convert. Thus, in particular a rechargeable energy storage, due to the induced voltage in the inductance coil loaded, which has a low output voltage, For example, 0.5 to 2 volts, that provides by means of the voltage conversion device to an operating voltage of 2.8 to 5.5 volts is converted to order evaluation and To operate communication device. This includes such Boost converter or buck converter, for example, a clock device, a fast switching element, as well as a capacitor and a coil, to increase or decrease tensions. By interposition A voltage conversion device becomes a high degree of freedom in the selection of energy storage and low voltage requirements created on evaluation / communication device, so that in particular cost-effective, energy-efficient and miniaturized components for implementing the current measuring device can be used.

According to one favorable development is the entire current measuring device in the intermediate plug housing, d. H. Magnetic field probe, evaluation device, Communication device and electrical energy storage are integrated in the intermediate housing. By integrating all Components in Zwischensteckgehäuse, the components, for example as a printed circuit board, for example in thin-film or thick film technology, may be arranged on a single PCB can achieve a compact, miniaturized design be, with the intermediate connector housing either as a Zwischensteckadapter designed with own plug contacts and own connection coupling or as a push-through housing, via openings has, through which the contacts of a consumer plug can be plugged to these contacts further into a junction box / connector, so that the Intermediate plug housing the shape similar to an insertable Child safety device has a Schukosteckdose. Alternatively to this It is conceivable that only the magnetic field probe in the intermediate connector housing is integrated, and the remaining components in an external housing are accommodated with the adapter housing by means of Cable connections or attachment may be connected.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the intermediate plug housing is designed in the form of a push-through housing for inserting pins of a consumer plug whose outer contour complementary to the shape of the inner contour of the junction box / connector, in particular Schuko socket, Euro socket, Perilex socket, CEE socket or similar Outlet, is formed, and the housing thickness d can ensure a secure electrical connection between the male contact pin and socket outlet, in particular the housing thickness d less than 40% of Kontaktstiftlän ge a consumer plug, preferably less than 25% of the contact pin length is. This embodiment proposes the formation of the intermediate plug housing as a push-through housing, which is interposed, for example in the form of a push-through plate between the consumer plug and junction box / connector coupling, wherein the pins of the consumer plug are inserted through openings of the intermediate connector housing, and then the consumer plug with attached push-through housing in the receiving pot of Anschlußdo se / connection coupling is inserted. For this purpose, it is necessary that the outer contour of the push-through housing is formed substantially complementary to the shape of the inner contour of the connection pot of the junction box / terminal coupling, this contour is adapted according to the shape of the socket, which may be different voltage-specific and country-specific, adapt. For example, specific push-through housing for a Schuko socket or Euro socket, which have a phase conductor, an N conductor and a protective conductor (not in the case of a Euro socket) and for Perilex socket and CEE socket three-phase sockets and an N-conductor and also a protective contact conductors are provided. Accordingly, the push-through housing has two or five contact pin openings in order to be able to carry out the corresponding contact pins of the consumer plug. It is essential that the thickness d of the push-through housing as small as possible with respect to the length of the contact pins of the consumer plug fails to give the contact pins a sufficient length for the reliable electrical contacting of the socket outlet. Thus, a typical Schuko plug has a pin length of 1.6 to 2.5 cm, so that the through-housing should have a maximum thickness of 5 mm or smaller in order to ensure safe electrical contact. In the case of a Schuko-socket, the shape of the push-through housing can be modeled in particular the typical appearance of a einklebbaren child safes, advantageously the additional benefit of a child safety can also be integrated in the push-through, so that the push-through exposed by pressing a Aufschiebmechanismus means of the contact pins of the consumer plug become. Thus, an embodiment of a current measuring device can advantageously be combined with the functionality of a child safety device.

outgoing from the aforementioned embodiment it is furthermore advantageous that the intermediate plug housing at least one fastening means, in particular adhesives, screw connection means, clamping means or the like for fixing the push-through housing to the inner surface of the socket area of the junction box / connection coupling includes. Thus, a push-through housing is proposed, located in the connection socket of a junction box / connection coupling can be introduced, and there by means of a fastener, in particular an adhesive, such as double-sided adhesive tape, or Schraubenverbindungsmittel, such as central bolt for Fastening tion of the socket cover or a clamping means, such as in the outer contour mounted clamping springs, safe to fall out can be fixed so that even when pulling out the consumer plug the push-through housing remains in the connection pot, wherein different consumers can be connected to the socket, and the current measuring device remains in the junction box.

Of Further, it is based on the aforementioned two embodiments conceivable and advantageous that the intermediate plug housing is shaped so that it in the manufacture of a junction box cover or a coupling housing manufacturer side in the inner surface of the socket area of the junction box / connection coupling or otherwise can be attached. For example, the push-through housing suitable grooves, bulges, ridges or projections for have particularly secure mounting in a junction box, and the material of the push-through selected in such a way Be that particularly suitable in a junction box cover or a coupling housing can be cast, wherein As a result, a thickening of the Anschlusstopfbodens the socket area the junction box / connection coupling is formed. Alternatively, you can Manufacturer the current measuring device by means of fastening means, For example, screw, clamping means, adhesives or the like in the connection pot bottom of the junction box or the connection coupling be attached so that when making a junction box cover or a coupling housing, a current measuring device is provided in the junction box.

As an alternative to the aforementioned embodiment, it is conceivable that the intermediate plug housing is shaped in the form of a plug-in adapter or a power strip, wherein the intermediate plug housing comprises at least one junction box or connection coupling for connecting one or more consumers and a consumer plug for connection to a junction box / connection coupling of a power supply network. Thus, this embodiment of the current measuring device provides that the current measuring device is arranged in a Zwischensteckgehäuse, which has its own pins and thus in a junction box / connection coupling of a Energiever supply network can be inserted, and the housing has at least one or more connection sockets or connection couplings, in which then consumer plug can be inserted. Thus, the current measuring device, for example, in a typical intermediate connector housing, as it is known for example from lightning protection plugs or socket switches, be included, or may be installed, for example, in a power strip with two or more plug-in connections for multiple consumers. This avoids the consumer installing a push-through housing in a live connection socket / connection coupling and exposing himself to the risk of electric shock, but he can interpose the current measuring device between the consumer and the power supply network by inserting a plug of the plug-in adapter or the socket strip without danger. It is also conceivable that the current measuring device interposed in the cable of the power strip, for example, is cast.

outgoing From the above embodiment, it is advantageous that the Plug adapters or the power strip a display device In particular, an LCD or LED display device, the is in electrical contact with the evaluation device and the is set, the current consumption of the connected consumer at least on request by pressing a display button display. For execution of the intermediate plug housing as a plug adapter or power strip remains sufficient Place on the case surface to place one on top Display device to be in electrical contact with the evaluation device is, and the at least the power consumption, Furthermore, the power consumption and / or energy consumption of the connected consumer within a time interval can show. Against the background of an energy-efficient current measuring device It is advantageous that the display device only on request for example, activated by pressing a display button and the measured values are only temporary. Thus, can a decentralized information is provided at the current measuring device itself, to the utility grid customer about the current power consumption to inform a connected consumer.

According to one another embodiment of the aforementioned embodiment the current measuring device with adapter housing in the form a plug-in adapter or a power strip, it is advantageous that the housing of the plug-in adapter or the power strip at least one connection device in electrical contact with the evaluation and / or communication device for connecting more Devices, in particular an external display device, a Radio device for increasing the transmission range of the communication device, a shutdown or warning device to shut down the consumer at increased power consumption or the like includes. A connection device allows the connection of external Devices or external electrical or electronic components, for example, an external radio module, a shutdown or warning device, such as a switching relay for switching off the load contacts, or a warning device in the form of an acoustic signal generator or a warning light. By arrangement of a connection device to the housing of a plug-in adapter, the insert and functionality possibilities of the current measuring device significantly increased, higher Communication ranges are reached, warning options or self-shutdown options are added, and thus the applicability of the current measuring device and the reliability be increased considerably.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, a consumer energy measuring system is proposed, which comprises at least one current measuring device according to one of the aforementioned embodiments and at least one consumer energy evaluation device, in particular an intelligent counter and / or a decentralized evaluation device comprising a communication device for wireless reception of at least one current measurement value of the current measuring device, proposed. The consumer energy evaluation device is designed to receive the current measured values of at least one, in particular of all, current measuring devices within the reception range and to use this to evaluate and display the consumed energy of the consumers. According to this independent aspect, the use of a current measuring device in a consumer energy measuring system is proposed, in which a consumer energy evaluation device, the intelligent meter or a decentralized evaluation device, for example a portable receiving and display device for displaying the energy consumption, power consumption and power consumption of the connected consumers, the measurement data of the current measuring device in receiving range can receive. The evaluation device receives the radio or optical signals of the current measuring device, and can represent them as energy consumption values of the consumer, for example, over a predetermined time or along a time history, show a summary of all energy consumption of the receivable current measuring devices and propose measures in combination, for example, the selected electricity tariff to choose a cheaper electricity tariff or to achieve a lower power consumption. Furthermore, the consumer energy evaluation device Provide evidence of unusual consumer power consumption, such as when its power consumption deviates significantly from historical data. The data recorded by the consumer energy evaluation device can be evaluated locally, but also forwarded to a remote consumer energy collection device, so that both grid operators and utility grid can inform about the total consumption of all or the main connected consumers within a household or several households.

According to one Another aspect of the consumer energy measuring system may include a voltage measuring device an intelligent meter in communication with the consumer energy evaluation device, wherein the consumer power device is the smart meter can be itself, to determine the consumer energy, and / or the current measuring device a current measurement periodically or when changing the load current to the consumer power evaluation device pass on. By connecting a voltage measuring device of a smart meter with the consumer power evaluation device the consumer energy evaluation device the actual voltage values, available in the power grid. Along with the current readings from the current measuring device can be supplied, the power of the consumer P = U · I from load current I and line voltage U and taking into account of a time t, the energy consumption of the consumer W = P · t be determined. The result can be considered under consideration a voltage measuring device, such as a smart Meter to reach an exact consumer rating, in the other case, estimates, for example voltage network height 240/300 volts can be assumed. Furthermore is it is advantageous that the current measuring devices the current measured values either periodically, that is after a fixed time clock or if the load current changes, for example with significant increase or decrease of the consumer current against a previously determined load current, measure and to the consumer power evaluation device via wireless Can pass on communication. In this case, a radio connection can be used For example, according to an industry standard, for example WLAN / HomeRF or in the field of industrially used radio remote control frequencies from 13 to 45, 433 MHz or in the ISM band 2.4 GHz. Furthermore, an optical or acoustic communication, for example an infrared connection or an ultrasonic connection conceivable, wherein this inevitably only in shaping the current measuring device as a plug-in adapter or when running a communication device as an external component outside a push-through housing feasible is. By a periodically or on request sending Communication device becomes the own energy consumption of the current measuring device lowered, so especially when running the energy storage as by the inductance coil rechargeable energy storage a long service life, freedom from maintenance and functionality of the Current measuring device is ensured.

According to one Another embodiment is the consumer energy evaluation device with a network, preferably Internet via a network protocol, preferably TCP / IP connected, wherein the consumer energy evaluation device the measured consumer energy values in the form of network retrievable Data, preferably XML data on at least one storage device in the network, preferably a web application can transmit. The storage device may be a utility network or a grid operator, in particular via a website Access the consumer energy values. This embodiment suggests that the consumer energy evaluation device transmit their measured and received energy consumption values to a network, For example, Internet but also to an energy network specific Network, for example via powerline communication (PLC, carrier frequency system), the transmission according to a standard network protocol, such as TCP / IP can be done, and in the network consumer values in logged form, for example as an XML file or HTML file can be stored. In particular, the data can in a database structure, such as a web application offers to be stored, allowing free access from the outside from any network subscribers, in particular utility network customers or grid operator, and for example so the utility network on the energy consumption of all connected to his consumer energy meter power consumers within his household via a website.

Thus, the invention proposes a current measuring device, which may be configured similarly to a child safety device for a socket, and which can communicate with an existing infrastructure, such as a smart meter. In this case, the counter receives the current measurement data of the current measuring device and forwards it, for example, to a website, wherein the communication takes place via radio, and the data can be delivered, for example, via XML files to a web application via a TCP / IP connection. Due to the high integration and small size of the current measuring device, this can be very cheap, for example, manufactured for less than 3 euros and consumes much less power than conventional submersible (intermediate meter). The current measuring device may be embedded or plugged into a socket, in a plug or in a cable and may, for example, be given away as a cheap "giveaway" by the network operator to consumers for utility network customers or given away inexpensively. The data collection of the current measured values can be carried out by means of the harvesting method of the individual current measuring devices, it being possible to charge the battery of the current measuring devices via the induced voltage of the measuring coils in the resting phases.

drawings

Further Advantages are shown in the following description of the drawing. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention shown. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The specialist will expediently also consider the features individually and summarize to meaningful further combinations.

It show by way of example:

1 schematic block diagram representations of a first and second embodiment of a current measuring device with push-through housing for a AC and three-phase supply network;

2 schematic block diagram representations a third and fourth embodiment of a current measuring device with plug adapter housing for a AC and three-phase supply network;

3 schematic representation of an embodiment of a current measuring device with push-through housing for an AC Schuko socket;

4 schematic representation of an embodiment of a current measuring device according to the invention as Durchsteckgehäuse for a three-phase CEE socket;

5 schematic three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of a current measuring device according to the invention as a plug-in adapter;

6 schematic three-dimensional representation of an embodiment of a current measuring device according to the invention as a power strip;

7 schematic representation of an embodiment of a consumer energy measurement system with multiple current measuring devices, two consumer energy evaluation devices and connected network.

embodiments the invention

In the figures are the same or similar components with the same Numbered.

To illustrate the invention show the 1 and 2 in a sketchy Bockdarstellung the electrical configuration various embodiments of a contactless current measuring device 10 ,

1a shows a contactless current measuring device 10 , at the magnetic field probes 16 as inductance coils 18 are designed, which in electrical contact with an evaluation device 20 in the form of a microprocessor, standing, using a rectifier device 38 Energy from the induced voltage of the inductance coils 18 for charging a rechargeable electric energy giespeichers 36 won and rectified. The rechargeable energy storage 36 is via a voltage conversion device 40 to the evaluation device 20 for supplying the evaluation device 20 and the communication device 22 connected, wherein the voltage conversion device 40 the provided voltage of the energy storage 36 in a suitable operating voltage for the evaluation 20 and the communication device 22 transforms. The communication device 22 comprises an antenna for transmitting a radio communication signal 82 and various RF modulation and transmission components.

All devices of the current measuring device 10 are in a Zwischensteckgehäuse 28 as a push-through housing 42 is designed, arranged. The push-through housing 42 has at least two insertion openings 88 on to the the inductor coils 18 are wound. Through the insertion openings 88 can the contact pins 44 a consumer plug 32 be plugged, then to the contact pins 32 in sockets 46 a junction box 34 insert. Thus, the entire current measuring device 10 in a push-through housing 42 arranged in the connector 30 including junction box 34 and consumer plug 32 is plugged. The power outlet 34 serves to connect a consumer 14 to the electrical energy supply network 12 , where the contact pins 44 of the consumer plug 32 Make contact with phase L, neutral N and PE. The inductance coils 18 are flooded by the magnetic field of the load current flowing through phase L and neutral N, being in the coils 18 a tension is induced according to the current flow. Theoretically, only the measurement on a contact pin is sufficient to determine the current 44 out. The induced voltage in the inductance coil 18 is via an A / D converter 68 converted into digital values, and from a microprocessor by the evaluation device 20 is evaluated, wherein the load current under the condition of a constant voltage in a power value and taking into account the time in a consumption energy of the connected consumer 14 can be converted. The measured values are transmitted via the communication device 22 by radio communication 82 digitally coded to a consumer energy evaluation device, not shown 24 transmitted. In the inactive times of the evaluation device 30 and communication device 22 can be the induced voltage in the inductance coils 18 by means of a rectifier device 38 , which comprises a bridge rectifier, are converted into DC voltage to charge the rechargeable energy storage 36 , For example, a battery or a high-capacitance capacitor used. The voltage of the battery or capacitor 36 can via the voltage conversion device 40 , which includes, for example, a boost converter, to the operating voltage of the microprocessor 20 , A / D converter 68 and the communication device 22 be adjusted.

Starting from 1a shows 1b the almost identical configuration of a current measuring device 10 however, for the connection of a consumer plug 32 a three-phase load 14 For example, three-phase motor, to a CEE three-phase socket 34 of the power supply network 12 , Accordingly, the push-through housing 42 four inductance coils 18 , where theoretically three inductance coils 18 to satisfy the three phases L1, L2 and L3 for power detection. Via an A / D converter 68 the induced voltage measurement values are digitally converted via a microprocessor of the evaluation device 20 calculates the load current, and by means of a communication device 22 via radio signal 82 to a consumer energy evaluation device, not shown 24 Posted. To obtain energy for operating the current measuring device is a three-phase bridge rectifier 38 However, another embodiment, for example as Zweibrückengleichleichrichter may be sufficient to a rechargeable energy storage 36 charge.

2 shows in similar remarks to 1 an embodiment of an AC and three-phase measuring device 10 , wherein the intermediate plug housing as a plug adapter 56 is designed. The intermediate adapter 56 will be in a plug connection 30 between power supply network 12 and consumers 14 plugged, with the plug adapter 56 via own plug contacts 32 and connection coupling 34 has, and the plug contacts 32 of the plug adapter 56 into the power outlet 34 be plugged in, with the consumer plug 32 in the connection coupling 34 of the plug adapter 56 is inserted. Otherwise the electrical configuration is in 2a illustrated embodiment of a current measuring device identical to the in 1a illustrated embodiment.

The above embodiments according to 1a . 1b and 2a is common that through the inductance coils 18 around the plug contacts 44 a capacitor or rechargeable battery of a rechargeable energy store 36 to be charged. This supplies the evaluation device 20 with energy. The evaluation device 20 can periodically the voltage at the inductance coils 18 Measure regularly and via radio the changes to an external evaluation device 24 to transfer. A voltage measurement by the current measuring device 10 is not possible because there is no galvanic contact with the live conductors, so that a voltage value can be assumed or the data together with the voltage values of a smart meter 72 can be combined. The consumption data may be at a central location, for example a storage device 78 , in a network 76 be stored and the utility network customers 80 or a distribution system operator.

2 B shows a further embodiment of a three-phase measuring device 10 coming from an adapter housing 56 according to the 2a is included. The plug adapter 56 includes five pins of a connector 32 into a three-phase socket 34 be plugged in, and provides a connection coupling 34 ready in the consumer plug 32 a three-phase motor 14 is inserted. In contrast to the embodiment of 1a . 1b and 2a dispenses with the current measuring device 10 to 2 B to a rechargeable energy storage, and instead has an energy storage in the form of a battery 26 , whose output voltage adapted to the operating voltage of the evaluation and communication device 20 . 22 is, so that further on a voltage conversion device 40 can be waived. Thus, a more compact design can be realized, wherein the current measuring device 10 has only a limited life or after a given time the energy storage 26 charged or renewed must.

3 shows an embodiment of a current measuring device 10 for use as push-through housing 42 for a Schuko socket 48 , 3a shows in a partial sectional view of a plug connection 30 between a consumer plug 32 and a junction box 34 in the form of a Schuko socket 48 , By inserting the push-through housing 42 the current measuring device 10 between consumer plugs 32 and junction box 34 protrude the contact pins 44 of the consumer plug 32 only with a residual length L 66 into the connection sockets 46 the Schuko socket 48 , To maintain electrical safety, it is essential that the length L 66 sufficient, a reliable electrical contact of the contact pins 44 of the consumer plug 32 with the socket sockets 46 manufacture. This can be done by the person skilled in the individual case by debugging the electrical contacting of the pin-socket connector, in particular by mechanical shaking the plug 32 , are experimentally tested to a maximum allowable housing thickness d of the push-through housing 42 set. 3b shows a plan view of a Schuko socket 48 with inserted push-in housing 42 in the pot of the junction box cover 54 , 3c shows in a perspective three-dimensional representation of the design of the push-through housing 42 whose outer contour is substantially the inner contour of the junction box cover 54 a Schuko socket 48 like. The push-through housing 42 has passage openings 88 on, through which the plug contacts 44 a consumer plug can be inserted, and the terminal contacts of the socket 46 the Schuko socket 48 uncover. The push-through housing 42 has a thickness d 52 which must be selected accordingly to a reliable electrical contact of pins 44 of the consumer plug 32 with socket sockets 46 when plugged into a Schuko socket 48 to ensure.

In analogous representation as the 3 show the 4 An embodiment of a push-through housing for use on a three-phase connector 30 between CEE three-phase plug 32 and CEE socket 50 , 4a presents in a partial sectional view and 4b in a front view a plug connection 30 of a three-phase connection, wherein a length L ( 66 ) of the contact pins 44 of the CEE plug 32 must be sufficient to be electrically reliable in the contact sockets 46 the CEE socket 50 to be anchored. The push-through housing 42 is complementary to the shape of the inner wall of the connection socket of the junction box cover 54 configured and has a thickness d, which is less than 15% of the total length of a contact pin 44 a consumer plug 32 has, so that the length L 66 more than 85% of the total length of the contact pin 44 accounts. According to the 3c is 4c a perspective view of the push-through housing, wherein passage openings 88 recognizable are the contact pins 44 of the plug 32 tightly enclose, being inside the push-through housing 42 not visible inductance coils 18 around the passages 88 for measuring the contact pins 44 surrounding magnetic field are arranged.

5 shows an embodiment of a current measuring device 10 in the form of a plug-in adapter 56 , The plug adapter 56 includes a connection coupling 34 as a schuko socket and a plug 32 which includes two contact pins and a protective contact. The devices of the current measuring device 10 are arranged inside the plug adapter housing, and on the outer surface of the housing is a display device 60 mounted for displaying a power and power consumption value of a connected consumer, wherein by means of a display button 62 the ad 60 can be activated, which can display for a predeterminable time energy consumption and power consumption of a connected consumer. To extend the functionality of the current measuring device 10 is also in the housing wall a connection device 64 provided on the external auxiliary equipment, not shown, for example, a radio transmitter to expand the reception area, additional warning devices, such as flashing light or acoustic warning signal when exceeding a critical current consumption of a consumer or an external shutdown device, such as a switching relay for switching off the consumer with increased power consumption, are connected can. Furthermore, the connection device 64 for charging an internal energy storage 26 serve.

6 shows an embodiment of a current measuring device 10 in a power strip 58 is integrated. This includes the power strip 58 a consumer plug 32 and a plurality of Schuko sockets 48 , wherein the current measuring device 10 both in the consumer plug 32 can be integrated, as well as in the housing of the power strip 58 can be installed.

Finally shows 7 a consumer energy measuring system 70 , the three current measuring facilities 10 used in Schuko sockets 48 are arranged, which, via radio communication 82 Signals to two consumer energy analyzers 24 send. One of the consumer energy evaluation devices 24 is a portable, decentralized evaluation device 74 , which receives the signals of the current measuring devices, stores and can display as history and evaluate, with performance evaluations and energy consumption of the connected consumer over a certain period of time can be displayed. The current measuring devices 10 send out their current readings with a current meter specific ID so that the considered consumer can be identified in the household. The evaluation device 74 includes one Anzeigeein direction 92 and control buttons 90 with which the display can be switched over and the evaluation of measured data can be controlled. The evaluation device 74 Furthermore, for the production of the radio communication also comprises a communication device 22 , the radio communication signals of the current measuring devices 10 receives and sends data to a network router 84 sends the received consumption data over a network 76 to a storage device 78 in the network 78 , For example, to a web application server of the Internet via a network protocol, such as TCP / IP transmitted. Thus, the measured consumption data can be stored centrally in a storage device 78 a network 76 be filed. Utility network customers or utility network operators 80 can also over the network 76 Access the energy consumption data of the connected household.

The further includes the considered consumer energy metering system 70 an intelligent counter 72 as a consumer energy evaluation device 24 also via a radio communication device 22 the ID-labeled signals of the current measuring devices 10 receives, and this on a display device 90 can represent. Using control buttons 92 Different display values and evaluation options on the operating device 90 be displayed, and by means of a bidirectional communication device 22 or via a wired connection 86 the data to the router 84 of the network 76 to get redirected. In the counter 72 the consumed energy can be determined exactly taking into account a measured mains voltage.

The consumer energy measuring system 70 enables the targeted recording of the energy consumption of individual consumers in a household in a decentralized and / or centralized manner, whereby energy-wasting consumers can be identified and measures for saving energy can be initiated. By incorporating a current measuring device according to the invention to the concept of an intelligent counter 72 Individual household monitoring of household consumers can be implemented inexpensively and easily by a utility network customer, so that sources of high energy consumption in the household can be easily detected, the customer can get an overview of the current energy consumption and the energy supply can be made more transparent and cost-effective.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102005025541 A1 [0005]
• WO 08/12408 A2 [0010]

Claims (14)

Contactless current measuring device ( 10 ) for the determination of an electrical energy consumption by means of a consumer plug ( 32 ) to an electrical AC or three-phase power supply network ( 12 ) connectable consumer ( 14 ), comprising - at least one magnetic field probe ( 16 ) for measuring the strength of a magnetic field of a current-carrying consumer line; An evaluation device ( 20 ) in electrical contact with the magnetic field probe ( 16 ) for the determination of the consumer ( 14 ) absorbed electric power; A communication device ( 22 ) for wireless transmission of at least the determined current value to at least one consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ); An electrical energy store ( 26 ), in particular battery, accumulator or capacitor for the electrical power supply of at least the evaluation device ( 20 ) and the communication device ( 22 ), wherein the current measuring device ( 10 ) galvanically from the power supply network ( 12 ), characterized in that at least the magnetic field probe ( 16 ) in an intermediate plug housing ( 28 ), which is suitable for being plugged in ( 30 ) between the consumer plug ( 32 ) and junction box ( 34 ) / Connection coupling of the power supply network ( 12 ) to be interposed. Current measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic field probe ( 16 ) an inductance coil ( 18 ), and that the electrical energy store ( 26 ) a rechargeable electrical energy storage ( 36 ), in particular accumulator or capacitor, and that between inductance coil ( 18 ) and energy storage ( 26 ) at least one rectifier device ( 38 ), so that the energy store ( 26 ) by means of an induced voltage in the inductance coil ( 18 ) is rechargeable. Current measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that between inductance coil ( 18 ) and rechargeable electrical energy storage ( 36 ) a voltage conversion device ( 40 ) for adapting the induced voltage of the inductance coil ( 18 ) to a charging voltage for charging the rechargeable electric energy storage ( 36 ) is switched. Current measuring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between energy storage ( 26 ) and evaluation device ( 20 ) a voltage conversion device ( 40 ) for adjusting the output voltage of the energy store ( 26 ) to the supply voltage of the evaluation device ( 20 ) is switched. Current measuring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entire current measuring device ( 10 ) of the intermediate plug housing ( 28 ) is included. Current measuring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate plug housing ( 28 ) in the form of a push-through housing ( 42 ) for the insertion of pins ( 44 ) of a consumer plug ( 32 ) is designed whose outer contour complementary to the inner contour of the junction box ( 34 ) / Connection coupling, in particular Schuko socket ( 48 ), Euro socket, Perilex socket, CEE socket ( 50 ) or similar socket is formed, and the housing thickness d ( 52 ) a secure electrical connection between male pin ( 44 ) and socket ( 46 ), in particular the housing thickness d ( 52 ) less than 40% of the contact pin length ( 66 ) of a consumer plug ( 32 ), and preferably less than 25% of the contact pin length ( 66 ) is. Current measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that the push-through housing ( 42 ) at least one fastening means, in particular adhesive, screw connection means, clamping means or the like for fastening the push-through housing ( 42 ) to the inner surface of the socket portion of the junction box ( 34 ) / Connection coupling includes. Current measuring device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the push-through housing ( 42 ) is molded in order to produce a junction box cover ( 54 ) or a coupling housing in the inner surface of the socket portion of the junction box ( 34 ) / Connection coupling can be poured. Current measuring device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the intermediate plug housing ( 28 ) in the form of a plug-in adapter ( 56 ) or a power strip ( 58 ) is formed, wherein the intermediate plug housing ( 28 ) at least one junction box ( 34 ) or connection coupling for connection of one or more consumers ( 14 ) and a consumer plug ( 32 ) for connection to a junction box ( 34 ) / Connection coupling of a power supply network ( 12 ). Current measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that the plug adapter ( 56 ) an advertisement device ( 60 ), in particular LCD or LED display device in the elec trical contact with the evaluation device ( 20 ) and that is set up, the current consumption of the connected consumer ( 14 ) at least on request by means of the actuation of a display button ( 62 ). Current measuring device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the plug adapter ( 56 ) at least one connection device ( 64 ) in electrical contact with the evaluation ( 20 ) and / or communication device ( 22 ) for connecting further devices, in particular an external display device, a radio device for increasing the transmission range of the communication device ( 22 ), a shutdown or warning device for switching off the consumer ( 14 ) at increased power consumption or the like. Consumer energy measuring system ( 70 ) comprising at least one current measuring device ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims and at least one consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ), in particular a smart meter ( 72 ) and / or a decentralized evaluation device ( 74 ), which comprises a communication device for the wireless reception of at least one current measurement value of the current measuring device ( 10 ), wherein the consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ), current measured values of at least one, in particular of all current measuring devices ( 10 ) receive in reception range, and to evaluate and display the energy consumed. Consumer energy measuring system according to claim 12, characterized in that a voltage measuring device of an intelligent counter ( 72 ) in communication with the consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ) for determining the consumer energy, and / or that the current measuring device ( 10 ) a current measurement value periodically or when the load current to the consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ) passes on. Consumer energy measuring system according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ) with a network ( 76 ), preferably in the Internet by means of a network protocol, preferably by means of TCP / IP in connection, wherein the consumer energy evaluation device ( 24 ) the measured consumer energy values in the form of network-retrievable data, preferably XML data to at least one storage device in the network ( 78 ), preferably a web application, whereby a utility network customer or network operator ( 80 ) over the network ( 76 ), in particular via a website, access to the consumer energy values can be granted.