DE202009019161U1 - Adsorptionstrocknungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Abstract

An adsorption drying apparatus for drying a particularly compressed gas, comprising an adsorption chamber (11) having a multiplicity of adsorption channels (101) containing an adsorption material (123), a first feed line (106) being provided at a first end (111) of the adsorption chamber (11). and a first discharge line (109) is arranged, and at a second end (112) of the adsorption chamber (11), a second supply line (108) and a second discharge line (107) is arranged, wherein the adsorption chamber (11) opposite the inlet and Derivatives (106, 107, 108, 109) is rotatable, so that the adsorption channels in fluid communication with the first supply line (106) and the second discharge (109) or the first derivative (107) and the second supply line (108) are defined so that a drying sector (102) and a regeneration sector (103), wherein in the drying sector (102) the gas is dried and in the regeneration sector (103) the Adsorptionsma wherein the first supply line (106) is designed such that the gas stream to be dried can be supplied as a full flow to the regeneration sector (103), the second discharge line (107) being connected to the second supply line (108) and thus forms a connecting line in which a condenser is provided, wherein in the connecting line a pressure increasing means (18) is provided to increase the pressure of the second derivative (107) to the second supply line (108) flowing gas, wherein optionally a cooling flow is branchable at the first (111) or second end (112) of the adsorption chamber (11) to cool the adsorption chamber (11) within a cooling sector (119), and wherein the regeneration sector (103) and drying sector (102) are serial Pressure flow are connected in series, such that the drying sector (102) supplied gas flow substantially completely that of the regeneration sector (103), if necessary Lich gas flow from the cooling sector, discharged gas stream corresponds.

Description

The invention relates to an adsorption drying apparatus according to claim 1.

Adsorption processes are often used for the drying of gases. As an example, dehumidification of compressed air, nitrogen, natural gas or gases from chemical production processes may be mentioned here. In addition to methods employing two or more separate adsorption vessels that undergo a drying cycle and a regeneration cycle in mutual alternation, there are methods employing a rotating adsorbent in which the adsorbent is fixed within a drum and continuously through a sector, in which it is regenerated (regeneration sector), and a sector in which it is used for drying (drying sector) is moved. On the end faces of the adsorbent are chambers through which the various gas streams are passed through the sectors.

The sectors are each formed by the parts of a drum which are located in the areas defined by the chambers, so that each part of the drum is cyclically moved by the sectors.

These methods are often used in air conditioning, but are also known in the compressed air technology. In this context, only by way of example on the DE 1 751 041 and the DE 2 238 551 directed. The method according to DE 1 751 041 , which is also referred to as partial flow method, will be described below with reference to 1 be explained.

The desiccant is here as a rotatable, drum-like adsorption chamber 11 with a multiplicity of parallel adsorption channels 101 executed, wherein the adsorption chamber 11 through a chamber drive 12 through a drying sector 102 and a regeneration sector 103 in particular, can be moved continuously.

Part of the in a compressor block 2 (a highest level) of an input compressor 1 compressed gas is directly in a drying unit 16 to a regeneration entry chamber 6 led, then flows through the regeneration sector 103 the adsorption chamber 11 to a regeneration exit chamber 7 and absorbs moisture. The one from the regeneration sector 103 escaping gas flow is downstream in a regeneration cooler 13 cooled, wherein condensed liquid in a separator 14 is deposited. A main stream is in an aftercooler 3 of the input compressor 1 cooled, with moisture in a condensate separator 4 is deposited.

The main stream and that from the regeneration sector 103 emerging stream are combined and in a drying inlet chamber 8th guided. The reunification of the from the regeneration sector 103 exiting stream with the main stream is in the prior art with an ejector 15 realized by which the regeneration flow is sucked in through the main stream and compressed. Since the main stream and thus also the reunited stream through the aftercooler 3 and in particular by the ejector 15 undergoes a significant pressure drop, the regeneration stream before entering the adsorption chamber 11 or the regeneration chamber 6 with a throttle valve 10 so far throttled that a differential pressure between regeneration entrance chamber 6 and drying exit chamber 9 assumes an at least low positive value.

The method according to the prior art is perceived as disadvantageous. Due to the compression in the input compressor, the gas is heated. However, only a small part of the heat is available for the regeneration, since only the mentioned partial flow is passed through the regeneration sector. In general, the regeneration capacity within the drying sector is often insufficient, in particular if the heat exchangers used (aftercooler) due to low pressures or high temperatures of cooling media 3 and regeneration coolers 13 ) in the adsorption chamber 11 larger amounts of moisture must be adsorbed. The adsorption chamber 11 is then overloaded and it comes to high moisture concentrations at an outlet of the adsorption chamber 11 , Overall, the method according to the prior art provides a comparatively low level of operational reliability with respect to unfavorable conditions.

Furthermore, the ejector 15 comparatively less energy efficient. In particular, when a high regeneration flow is to be achieved, a comparatively high pressure loss of the main flow is required to draw in the regeneration flow. The input compressor 1 must then provide a correspondingly increased power to ensure the required outlet pressure.

According to the prior art, the ejector 15 is designed for one operating point and will not be regulated further. Different operating pressures and volumetric flows result in deviating, less favorable regenerative current components.

In particular, when the relative humidity of the gas to be dried is 100%, non-deposited drops may be contained. If such drops on an adsorption material in the adsorption chamber 11 meet, it comes to sudden heat development and material damage. As a result, the lifetime of the adsorption material is comparatively limited.

From the WO 2005/070518 A1 , of the DE 2 311 813 and the EP 1 283 741 B1 Methods are known in which the heat of compression of corresponding input compressors is largely fully utilized by substantially all of the gas flow from the input compressor 1 is guided through the respective regeneration sectors. The problem here is that a leakage current as part of the wet regeneration stream from the regeneration inlet chamber 6 and the regeneration exit chamber 7 in the drying exit chamber 9 or drying inlet chamber 8th , which have lower pressures in the known methods takes place. In the WO 2005/070518 A1 this is prevented by "bulb seals". In a rotation such seals are exposed to high stress, which leads to rapid wear and therefore costs. As far as the seals ("bulb seals") do not completely seal, nevertheless a leakage current is to be expected. The DE 2 311 813 and EP 1 283 741 B1 go another way and try a contamination of the drying sector 102 To prevent ingress or egress stream by spaces are provided in which by suction even lower pressure prevails. The realization of the latter method is comparatively complicated, wherein the comparatively high differential pressures within the adsorption chamber make extremely high demands on the sealing on a drum surface of the adsorption chamber and on the mechanical stability of a material of which the adsorption chamber consists. In particular, a high differential pressure between a regeneration area and the Zwischenraumabsaugung carries the risk of high leakage currents through which the efficiency of the process can be greatly impaired.

Continue to be at this point on the WO 00/74819 A1 which also proposes an adsorption drying method in which only a partial flow of the gas to be dried is supplied to a regeneration sector. Since the regeneration stream undergoes a significant pressure loss after passing through the regeneration sector and a radiator with respect to the undivided main flow, a blower 48 is provided to allow reunification of regeneration substream and main flow. The blower 48 is thus required according to the prior art only because a partial flow is diverted from a main flow and passes through the regeneration sector separately.

In summary, the prior art can be divided into two groups of adsorption drying plants or processes. In a first group, only a partial flow is used for regeneration, which reduces the efficiency for the reasons described above. In a second group, the entire stream is used for regeneration, which, however, either leads to a leakage and thus a lower degree of drying to be achieved or is associated with a comparatively high construction effort.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an adsorption drying apparatus which works as efficiently as possible, at the same time the achievable degree of drying high and the design effort should be low. In particular, the advantages of using a rotating adsorption chamber and at the same time a high regeneration capacity and thus reliability can be achieved without the disadvantages that cause high differential pressures within the Adsorptionstrocknungsvorrichtung.

The object is achieved by an adsorption drying apparatus according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are specified in the subclaims.

The object is in particular achieved by an adsorption drying apparatus for drying a particularly compressed gas, comprising an adsorption chamber with a plurality of adsorption channels containing an adsorption material, wherein at a first end of the adsorption chamber, a first supply line and a first discharge line is arranged and at a second end the adsorption chamber is arranged a second supply line and a second discharge line, wherein the adsorption chamber is rotatable relative to the supply and discharge lines, so that the adsorption channels are fluidly connectable in temporal change with the first supply line and the second discharge line or the first discharge line and the second supply line so that a drying sector and a regeneration sector is defined, wherein in the drying sector, the gas is dried, and in the regeneration sector, the adsorption material is regenerated, wherein the first supply line is designed such that the t rocknende gas stream is fed as a full flow to the regeneration sector, wherein the second derivative is connected to the second supply line and thus forms a connecting line in which a capacitor is provided, and wherein in the connecting line with respect to the capacitor downstream pressure increasing means is provided to the pressure increase the gas flowing from the second discharge line to the second supply line, wherein optionally at the first and / or second end of the adsorption chamber, a cooling flow is branched to the adsorption chamber within a Cooling sector to be cooled, and wherein the regeneration sector and drying sector are connected to the serial flow one behind the other, such that the gas stream supplied to the drying sector substantially completely corresponds to the discharged from the regeneration sector, possibly including the gas flow from the cooling sector, gas stream. An input compressor may be provided to supply the gas to be dried to the first supply line in the compressed state.

The term "line", in particular supply line, discharge, connection line, is to be understood in the following functionally a corresponding supply, discharge or connection. However, the term "management" may alternatively be understood to be limiting in the sense of a physical delimitation. By "in temporal change" is to be understood in general terms that the adsorption channels are connectable on the one hand to the first supply line and the second discharge line and on the other hand to the first discharge line and the second supply line. In general, however, this is not to be understood as meaning that the adsorption channels can not be connected to other lines or gas ducts.

A condenser is here understood to mean the functional unit (possibly also the structural unit) comprising a condenser and a condenser, wherein in the condenser at least part of a condensable component is condensed out and then separated in the condenser.

By full flow is meant in particular a proportion of the gas stream of at least 95%, preferably at least 99%, more preferably (substantially) 100%.

A key idea is that the first supply line is designed such that the gas stream to be dried can be supplied as a full flow to the regeneration sector, wherein the second derivative is connected to the second supply line and thus forms a connecting line in which a capacitor is provided, wherein a pressure increasing device is provided in the connection line for increasing the pressure of the gas flowing from the second discharge line to the second supply line, it being possible for a cooling flow to be branched off at the first or second end of the adsorption chamber in order to cool the adsorption chamber within a cooling sector, and The regeneration sector and drying sector are connected in series to the serial pressure flow, so that the gas flow supplied to the drying sector substantially completely corresponds to the gas flow discharged from the regeneration sector, possibly including the gas flow from the cooling sector. Thus, there is basically no splitting of the gas stream into a main stream and a regeneration stream with the associated disadvantages. Furthermore, on the other hand, the pressure increasing device is provided, which prevents the formation of an undesirable leakage current by simple means. In particular, the heat produced during compression in the input compressor can be used efficiently for the regeneration of the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber. The method is particularly efficient if the input compressor is a screw compressor and / or turbo compressor.

In the proposed Adsorptionsstrocknungsvorrichtung a positive differential pressure between the drying and regeneration sector is generated by the pressure increasing means, in order to avoid that an air transfer from the regeneration section takes place in the drying section. The pressure-increasing device therefore has the purpose of compensating for the pressure loss of the gas from the regeneration inlet chamber to the drying outlet chamber via the regeneration sector, the condenser, the drying sector and the corresponding connection lines to the chamber and additionally build up the above-mentioned positive differential pressure.

Suitable adsorption material is, for example, silica gel or alternatively a molecular sieve. The circulation frequency of the adsorption chamber may be, for example, 2 to 20 revolutions per hour.

By the second supply line is meant in particular the respectively opened inlet cross-section into the adsorption chamber. The term interconnect is generally to be understood as a functional compound, but may be understood as limiting.

By virtue of the fact that the adsorption chamber is rotatable, the device according to the invention has the advantage over an adsorption device with two or more separate adsorption vessels, which may also use compression heat for regeneration, that only one adsorption vessel is required and no complicated piping with a multiplicity of valves and a corresponding control is needed.

Another advantage of the invention is that the gas flow temperature is raised by the pressure increasing device. This reduces the relative humidity of the gas, so that possibly existing water droplets evaporate. Damage to the adsorption material can thus be avoided or reduced, so that comparatively long service lives, in particular with respect to the partial flow method, can be realized.

The term "drying" can be understood to be restrictive in that water is to be removed from an air stream or gas stream. In general, however, the term "drying" should be understood to mean the removal of an adsorbable and / or condensable component from an air stream or gas stream.

An adsorption chamber or "drying drum" can be used, as is customary and known in air-conditioning technology or in compressed air drying in the partial flow method (see, for example, US Pat US 4,391,667 ).

The drying drum preferably consists, for example, of a thin carrier material of smooth and corrugated films which forms a structure of, in particular, parallel channels and on which an adsorbent, for example silica gel, which is chemically bound, for example, is fixed. Depending on the size of the drying drum, sheets (spokes) can be fixed around a rotation axis and extend radially from the inside along the axis of rotation (drum axis). As a result, a comparatively high stability of the drying drum is achieved. In the segments formed by the formation of the spokes, blocks may be fixed with the channel structures described above. Two or more blocks or rows of blocks can also be arranged one behind the other, so that longer drying drums can be provided or the length of the drying drum can be varied, which increases the effectiveness of the drying.

Preferably, the channels are formed smaller than edges of the respective regions, so that an adsorption channel can not be in communication with two regions separated from each other by the edges.

The adsorption chamber can be rotatably mounted within an adsorption container, which preferably also at least partially includes the supply and discharge lines. Such inlets and outlets are easy to manufacture and robust.

The pressure-increasing device is preferably provided at least partially within the adsorption container, in particular at least partially within a support for the rotatable adsorption chamber. As a result, a further piping can be saved, which reduces the complexity in terms of design. In particular, the pressure-increasing device can be arranged or fastened to a bottom of the adsorption container.

The pressure increasing device may be a mechanical compressor, in particular a compressor and / or a fan and / or a pump and / or a side channel compressor and / or a turbocompressor, for example radial compressor. Side channel blowers are generally used for atmospheric suction pressure processes to achieve relatively low pressure increases. In the present case, however, it has surprisingly been found that side channel blowers can also be used to advantage in order to realize the required pressure increases at high suction pressures in the adsorption drying device. In radial compressors, the compressor housing (for example, a spiral housing) is also designed in the general case only for low pressures. If the compressor housing is preferably made pressure-resistant and in particular an outlet of the compressor housing is connected to an inlet into the drying inlet chamber, then a radial compressor can be integrated in a simple manner without having to extensively adapt the adsorption drying apparatus.

The connecting line may be such that, during operation of the adsorption drying device, a gas stream flowing out of the second discharge line is substantially equal to a gas flow flowing to the second supply line. This is intended in particular to mean that neither a significant part of the gas stream flowing out of the second discharge line is separated off, nor is a line provided in order to supply a further gas stream to the connecting line. The connection line thus has no branches in this sense. This facilitates the control of the adsorption device and the construction thereof.

Preferably, an input compressor is provided to supply the gas to be dried of the first supply line in a compressed state. For example, the input compressor may be a single or multistage dry compressing screw compressor and / or a turbo compressor. The heat generated during the compression can then be used particularly easily for the regeneration of the adsorbent. Preferably, the input compressor comprises a compressor condenser, in particular with an aftercooler and a condenser, wherein further preferably, the compressor condenser, in particular the aftercooler and / or the condenser at least partially forms / form the capacitor provided in the connecting line. As a result, a component of the adsorption device can be at least partially eliminated, which reduces costs, in particular reduces the maintenance and assembly costs.

In a specific embodiment, a first cross-sectional area Q _{1 of} the first supply line, which defines a regeneration sector, adjacent to the adsorption chamber is smaller than a second cross-sectional area Q _{2 of} the second supply line adjoining the adsorption chamber and defining a drying sector, wherein a ratio of Q ₂ / Q _{1 is} in the range of 0.3-3, preferably approximately equal.

In specific embodiments, the cross-sectional area Q _{1 is} smaller than a third cross-sectional area Q _{3 of} the second derivative adjacent to the adsorption chamber, wherein preferably Q ₁ / Q _{3 is} greater than 0.9, ie in the range from 0.9 to 1.0. Alternatively or additionally, the cross-sectional area Q _{2 may be} smaller than a fourth cross-sectional area Q _{4 of} the first discharge line adjoining the adsorption chamber. As a result, the adsorption chamber can be cooled within a cooling sector. As a result, the efficiency of the adsorption device is increased in a particularly simple manner.

The dimensioning of the cross-sectional areas Q ₁ and Q ₃ is preferably carried out such that a pressure difference across the cooling sector, in which the required cooling air flow through the cooling sector, by a comparatively small amount (for example, 1 to 4 millibars) is above the pressure difference above the regeneration sector. If one chooses the cooling sector in relation to the regeneration sector too large, the cooling air flow required for the cooling in the regeneration inlet chamber is higher than in the drying outlet chamber 1 , which would worsen the drying result or would result in that an unnecessarily high flow rate is conveyed by the pressure increasing device, so that builds up due to the then increased cooling air flow, which flows over the cooling sector, a sufficiently large pressure difference. The ratio of the cross-sectional areas Q ₁ / Q ₃ is therefore preferably> 0.90, in particular> 0.95.

In another specific embodiment, a cooling stream is branchable at the first or second end of the adsorption chamber to cool the adsorption chamber within a cooling sector. Thereby, the cooling can be controlled independently of the flow of the gas to be dried. This improves the reliability with regard to variable volume flows.

In particular, when a radial compressor is provided, the pressure increasing device may comprise a ring diffuser. Then, for example, can be dispensed with a volute casing, which can be exploited that process-related, the compressed air flows over a relatively large cross-section in the drying sector and therefore the exiting at a Verdichterradumfang the centrifugal compressor air (gas) does not have to be brought together in a pipe cross-section.

Preferably, the ring diffuser is at least partially formed by the adsorption container, in particular the support. This material can be saved for the formation of the ring diffuser, which reduces the cost.

Preferably, a drive shaft for driving the pressure increasing device is at least partially guided in a line section of the connecting line. In general, when a drive shaft is provided to drive the pressure increasing means, the radial forces on the shaft are minimized by the ring diffuser, which has a positive effect on the bearing and passage of the drive shaft. A passage of the drive shaft through a line section of the connecting line is structurally particularly simple.

In a specific embodiment, a line section of the connecting line, in particular the above-mentioned line section, at least one gas inlet opening, which is formed in a connecting line wall. The air to be dried can then be supplied particularly easily.

Preferably, a drive unit for driving the pressure increasing device outside a pressure chamber, in particular outside a compressor housing and / or outside of the adsorption container is arranged. This ensures that the corresponding drive shaft can be guided from the pressure chamber to the external drive unit. This also has the consequence that no lubricant can get into the compressed air by the pressure increasing device, which is particularly advantageous when drying after dry running compressors. A dry running compressor can be used to prevent contaminants, especially hydrocarbons, from being contained in the compressed air.

The shaft of a compressor wheel is preferably mounted on one side, in particular outside the pressure space, preferably outside a compressor housing and / or outside the adsorption vessel. This has the consequence that bearing lubricants do not come in direct contact with the gas to be dried or in general the drive shaft is mounted outside the pressure chamber.

In possible concrete embodiments is for sealing the shaft, a sealing device, preferably a throttle gap seal and / or a labyrinth seal and / or a particular dry-running lip seal and / or at least one seal that is expandable, and / or at least one seal, the standstill of the shaft seals and / or provided a gas- or liquid-lubricated mechanical seal, wherein the Sealing device is further preferably accessible from outside the pressure chamber, in particular from outside the compressor housing and / or adsorption vessel. In particular, in the case of expandable seals, these can be adapted such that they only touch the shaft when at a standstill, which minimizes leakage losses even with a comparatively long standstill of the adsorption drying device. In general, an additional seal at standstill of the adsorption drying apparatus can be achieved thereby.

Accessibility of the sealing device from outside the compressor housing or the adsorption container should in particular mean that the seal is accessible without removal of the adsorption chamber or can be replaced.

It can be provided an (additional) seal that seals contact when the shaft is stationary. This minimizes leakage losses at a standstill of the shaft. For example, one or more expandable seals (example: inflatable O-ring seals) and / or seals that rest on a sealing surface at a standstill and due to a deformation by the centrifugal force when rotating the shaft from the sealing surface solve (Example: lip seal) , be provided.

The sealing device is preferably installed in the adsorption drying apparatus such that replacement of the sealing device without opening an entire adsorption vessel cross section (or a part thereof), dismantling the chambers (in particular regeneration inlet chamber, regeneration chamber, drying inlet chamber and drying exit chamber), removing the adsorption chamber and / or a drum bearing possible is.

For this purpose, the shaft may be divided so that a release of a shaft connection from outside the adsorption container is possible. Alternatively or additionally, the connection of compressor wheel and shaft can be designed so that a release from outside the adsorption is possible. Alternatively or additionally, a container bottom can be designed so that a pulling out of the compressor wheel is possible. Another alternative is to use (in use) an externally accessible seal with split seal rings.

In one possible embodiment, a drive unit for driving the pressure-increasing device is arranged within the pressure space, in particular within the compressor housing and / or the adsorption container. As a result, an operation of the pressure increasing device can be made possible without or at least with only a slight loss of leakage.

In one possible embodiment, a magnetic coupling is provided to drive the pressure increasing device. Again, in particular, an operation of the pressure increasing device is made possible without or only with a slight leakage loss. Furthermore, a passage of a rotating shaft in the housing of the pressure-increasing device or the adsorption is not necessary.

In further alternatives, the drive wheel and / or the drive shaft of the pressure-increasing device is mounted gas-lubricated and / or dry-running. Alternatively or additionally, a magnetic bearing may be provided for storage and / or a rolling bearing, in which, for example, by a throttle line in a storage area, a negative pressure can be produced. As a result, so impurities of the gas to be dried are avoided or at least reduced.

Preferably, a control device for controlling the rotational speed of the pressure increasing device, for example via a frequency conversion, is provided. The frequency conversion is preferably controllable via a signal from the input compressor, for example via the speed of the input compressor and / or via a pressure in the input compressor and / or in the adsorption drying device. Such a control device or measuring devices increase the effectiveness of the adsorption drying device.

It may preferably be used on parameters that are already present in the compressor control and / or deposited. The control device is preferably designed to evaluate at least one booster parameter, in particular the speed of the input compressor and / or the pressure in the inlet compressor and / or the pressure in the adsorption drying device, and to control the speed of the pressure booster accordingly. The pressure increase device parameter may alternatively or additionally be determined by means of a dedicated measuring device.

The above object is achieved independently by an adsorption drying plant, optionally with an adsorption drying apparatus of the type described above, but also independent of an adsorption drying apparatus of the type described above, wherein an input compressor is provided to compress the gas to be dried, wherein the compressed, to be dried Gas from the inlet compressor to the first supply line can be supplied as a full flow. In this case, the input compressor preferably comprises a compressor condenser, in particular with an aftercooler and a Kondensatabscheider, wherein further preferably, the compressor condenser, in particular the aftercooler and / or the Kondensatabscheider at least partially forms the capacitor provided in a connecting line. The adsorption drying plant has substantially the same advantages as the adsorption drying device described above.

The control device for the adsorption drying device may be implemented in the adsorption drying device itself. Preferably, the controller is implemented in the input compressor control, which is preferably located in or on the input compressor itself. Of course, it is also possible that the control device of the adsorption drying device is provided partially or completely externally, for example, cooperating with an external central control device.

• – Ansaugvolumenstrom eines Eingangskompressors (Liefermenge);
• – Drehzahl des Eingangskompressors;
• – in die Druckerhöhungseinrichtung emittierter Luftstrom;
• – Ansaugdichte der Druckerhöhungseinrichtung;
• – Eintrittsdruck in einer Druckerhöhungseinrichtung;
• – Eintrittstemperatur in der Druckerhöhungseinrichtung;
• – Ansaugdruck bzw. Umgebungsdruck des Eingangskompressors;
• – Ansaugtemperatur des Eingangskompressors;
• – Differenzdruck zwischen einem ersten Ende des Trocknungssektors und einem zweiten Ende des Regenerationssektors.

It may be a drive unit to increase the pressure variable speed operated. Decisive for the speed of the pressure increasing device is the intake volume flow of the input compressor or more precisely the air mass flow entering the adsorption drying device and the intake density. In this case, the rotational speed can be determined in particular by evaluating one or more of the following parameters:

• - intake flow rate of an input compressor (delivery quantity);
• - speed of the input compressor;
• - Air stream emitted into the pressure increasing device;
• - Suction density of the pressure booster;
• - Entry pressure in a pressure booster device;
• - inlet temperature in the pressure booster;
• - suction pressure or ambient pressure of the input compressor;
• - intake temperature of the intake compressor;
• Differential pressure between a first end of the drying sector and a second end of the regeneration sector.

As a result, the process can be carried out particularly efficiently. In general, the speed of the input compressor and the inlet pressure into the pressure increasing device have the strongest influence on a suction volume flow of the pressure increasing device. Alternatively, other values may be measured instead of the listed variables, which are closely correlated with the listed values, such as the outlet pressure of the pressure increasing device instead of the inlet pressure. When a differential pressure between the drying exit chamber and the regeneration entry chamber is maintained at a low but positive value (for example, 1 to 4 millibars), on the one hand, the pressure increase by the pressure increasing means is sufficient so that no leakage of wet to dry air occurs and on the other hand, that a minimum pressure difference over an optionally provided cooling air area is present and so takes place Adsorptionsmittelkühlung. It is therefore possible to use this differential pressure alone as a control variable and to keep it at a constant value by setting a speed of the pressure booster.

A change in an operating volume flow, if there is no very low ambient humidity, usually also entails a change in the amount of moisture introduced. This also changes an optimal speed of the adsorption chamber, which can be adjusted accordingly. For the optimum speed of the adsorption chamber, on the one hand, the operating volume flow which is determined in a manner similar to the determination of the speed of the pressure booster and, on the other hand, the temperatures at the first or second end of the regeneration sector is important. Parameters that correlate with the above can be taken into account.

Preferably, the rotation in step c) is started only when a predetermined temperature limit of the gas and / or a component of a used adsorption drying device is exceeded. For example, if the input compressor does not deliver compressed air into the adsorption chamber, it will be stopped and restarted only when the delivery resumes. When starting and after a long period of inactivity of the adsorption or adsorption drying device, the adsorbent, which is at this time in the regeneration sector, be cold. Furthermore, the input compressor also initially supplies a gas at a lower temperature. For this reason, it is advantageous if the rotation of the adsorption chamber is not started in this case until sufficient heating is ensured. This can be monitored via appropriate temperature sensors.

A rotation axis of the adsorption chamber may preferably be aligned vertically. The entry of the gas to be dried in the regeneration sector can be done from above. The entry of the gas to be dried in the drying sector can be done from below. In general, however, the circumstances can be exactly the other way round. A horizontal or other orientation of the axis of rotation of the adsorption chamber is conceivable. Is an entry of the gas to be dried in the regeneration sector Provided from below, measures are preferably provided for discharging the accumulating during cooling at standstill condensate in a then upper area.

Further embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The invention will also be described in terms of further features and advantages based on embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Hereby show:

1 an adsorption device according to the prior art in a schematic representation;

2 an adsorption device according to the invention in a schematic representation;

3 a schematic representation of an adsorption vessel;

4 an adsorption device in a preferred embodiment in an oblique view; and

5 an adsorption device in a further preferred embodiment in an oblique view.

In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same and like parts.

The adsorption drying apparatus according to 1 (Prior art) has already been described above.

2 shows an adsorption drying device according to the invention in a schematic view. An adsorption material 123 is located in an adsorption chamber 11 that are inside an adsorption container 5 around a rotation axis 104 rotatably mounted. The adsorption chamber 11 has a plurality of particular parallel adsorption channels 101 on, through which the gas to be dried can be passed.

About a line 105 Can this be done in a compressor block 2 an input compressor 1 compressed, to be dried gas a regeneration inlet chamber 6 be supplied, which is a first supply line 106 at least partially trains. Regeneration inlet chamber 6 or first supply line 106 are at a first end 111 the adsorption chamber 11 arranged. About the line 105 This is the whole of the compressor block 2 escaping gas flow to the regeneration inlet chamber 6 directed.

In operation, the gas stream flows from the regeneration inlet chamber 6 through the multitude of adsorption channels 101 to a regeneration exit chamber 7 and takes it within a regeneration sector 103 Moisture from the adsorption chamber 11 on. The regeneration exit chamber 7 forms a second derivative 107 at least partially. Regeneration outlet chamber 7 or second derivative 107 are at a second end 112 the adsorption chamber 11 arranged.

About a line 113 may be from the regeneration sector 103 escaping gas flow to an aftercooler 3 and a condensate separator 4 of the input compressor 1 be supplied. In the condensate separator 4 moisture is removed from the gas stream.

About a line 114 is the from the Kondensatabscheider 4 emerging gas flow of a pressure increasing device 18 Concretely supplied to a blower. In the pressure booster 18 the pressure of the gas stream to be dried is raised.

On from the pressure booster 18 Exiting gas flow at elevated pressure is via a line 115 a drying inlet chamber 8th fed to a second supply line 108 at least partially trains. From the drying inlet chamber 8th or the second supply line 108 the gas stream is passed through a variety of adsorption channels 101 passed at any given time within a drying sector 102 are located. In the at the moment in the drying sector 102 located adsorption channels 101 Moisture is adsorbed and thus the gas stream is further dried.

Above a drying outlet chamber 9 that at the first end 111 the adsorption chamber 11 is arranged and at least partially a first derivative 109 can form the dried gas stream via an outlet line 116 be supplied to its destination.

The adsorption chamber 11 can by a chamber drive 12 be rotated. The adsorption chamber 11 rotates according to 2 from the first end 111 seen counterclockwise (see arrow 117 ). The flow direction of the gas is indicated by arrows 118 shown.

3 shows a schematic representation of the adsorption container 5 in which a cooling sector 119 next to the drying sector 102 and the regeneration sector 103 is trained. The direction of the gas flow is schematically indicated by arrows 118 shown. The schematic representation according to 3 corresponds to a settlement of the drum-like adsorption 11 according to 2 , The rotation of the adsorption chamber 11 corresponds to 3 a movement from left to right. The heated gas stream flows from the regeneration inlet chamber 6 through the regeneration sector 103 to the regeneration exit chamber 7 , A cross-section Q _{3 of} the regeneration exit chamber 7 is larger than a cross section Q _{1 of} the regeneration inlet chamber 6 , The refrigeration sector 119 will be at the first end 111 the adsorption chamber 11 through the drying exit chamber 9 and at the second end 112 through the regeneration exit chamber 7 limited. A cross-sectional area of the cooling sector 119 is essentially determined by the difference Q ₃ minus Q ₁ or Q ₄ minus Q ₂ . As a result, part of the flows in the drying sector 102 dried air from the drying exit chamber 9 to the regeneration exit chamber 7 and cools the heated adsorbent material before it enters the drying sector 102 is moved.

The refrigeration sector 119 according to 3 In addition to the cooling function, it can also have the function of a difference between operating volume flows of the input compressor 1 and the pressure booster 18 compensate. For example, if there is a volume flow coming from the input compressor 1 in the drying unit 16 is reduced, while a performance of the pressure booster 18 remains constant, this can be compensated by the fact that correspondingly more compressed air through the cooling sector 119 flows. To the speed of the pressure booster 18 To adjust so that drying can be ensured, it is not necessary to control the flow rate of the input compressor 1 in the drying unit 16 is encouraged to determine exactly because for a given volume flow from the input compressor 1 the drying over a larger range of the speed of the pressure booster 18 is guaranteed. Although this volume flow of a variety of parameters, such as intake temperature and pressure of the input compressor 1 , Intake volume of the input compressor 1 , Intake temperature and pressure of the pressure booster 18 Depending on the speed of the pressure booster 18 nevertheless comparatively easy to realize.

4 shows a section of an adsorption drying apparatus in a preferred embodiment in an oblique view. In this embodiment, the pressure increasing means comprises 18 a side channel blower 24 that is inside the adsorption tank 5 or the drying inlet chamber 8th is arranged. About a tangential outlet opening 25 can in particular without further piping of the compressed gas stream directly into the drying inlet chamber 8th be encouraged. In particular, the side channel compressor 24 in a support 23 for the adsorption chamber 11 be integrated. It may in this context a designed for atmospheric pressure compressor housing 120 be used.

A drive unit 22 drives the drive shaft 28 or the pressure booster 18 at.

Alternatively, a radial compressor can be used, with the possibility of correspondingly pressure-resistant design of a corresponding compressor housing (for example, a spiral housing), which is normally designed only for low pressures, and / or the one outlet of the compressor housing with an entry into the drying inlet chamber to connect the adsorption vessel.

5 shows a section of an adsorption drying apparatus according to another preferred embodiment in an oblique view (partially in section). In this embodiment, a radial compressor wheel 26 in the adsorption tank 5 integrated. A spiral housing is not formed, but instead is a ring diffuser 121 educated. The ring diffuser 121 can at least partially through the support 23 or the drying inlet chamber 7 (as per 5 ) and / or formed by the provision of suitable guide devices. Through the ring diffuser 121 are radially acting forces on a drive shaft 28 minimized, which has a positive effect on the storage and implementation of the drive shaft 28 effect. The drive shaft 28 is through a suction line 122 guided, in through at least one inlet opening 27 the gas to be dried is supplied laterally. A drive unit 22 drives the drive shaft 28 or the pressure booster 18 at. The drive shaft 28 is about a shaft seal 29 sealed.

The drive unit 22 can work together with the drive shaft 28 and a housing 125 for the entrance opening 27 over a flange 124 to the adsorption container 5 be flanged. According to a more general idea, the drive shaft 28 including the corresponding shaft seal 29 , optionally with the drive unit 22 from the adsorption tank 5 be solved or attached via a corresponding fastening device. This is the shaft seal 29 even without an expansion of the adsorption chamber 11 accessible and can be exchanged and / or cleaned. This simplifies the maintenance of the adsorption drying apparatus.

It should be noted at this point that all the above-described parts taken alone and in any combination, in particular the details shown in the drawings, are claimed as essential to the invention. Variations thereof are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Q ₁

Cross sectional area

Q ₂

Cross sectional area

Q ₃

Cross sectional area

Q ₄

Cross sectional area

1

input compressor

2

compressor block

3

aftercooler

4

condensate

5

adsorption vessel

6

Regeneration inlet chamber

7

Regeneration outlet chamber

8th

Drying inlet chamber

9

Drying outlet chamber

10

throttle valve

11

adsorption

12

chamber drive

13

regeneration cooler

14

separators

15

ejector

16

drying unit

18

Pressure increasing means

22

drive unit

23

In stock

24

Side Channel Blowers

25

outlet opening

26

radial compressor

27

inlet opening

28

drive shaft

29

shaft seal

101

channel

102

drying sector

103

regeneration sector

104

axis of rotation

105

management

106

first supply line

107

second derivative

108

second supply line

109

first derivative

111

first end of the adsorption chamber

112

second end of the adsorption chamber

113

management

114

management

115

management

116

output line

117

arrow

118

arrow

119

cooling sector

120

compressor housing

121

ring diffuser

122

suction

123

adsorption

124

flange

125

casing

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 1751041 [0004, 0004]
• DE 2238551 [0004]
• WO 2005/070518 A1 [0012, 0012]
• DE 2311813 [0012, 0012]
• EP 1283741 B1 [0012, 0012]
• WO 00/74819 A1 [0013]
• US 4391667 [0028]

Claims (17)

Adsorption drying apparatus for drying a particularly compressed gas, comprising an adsorption chamber ( 11 ) with a plurality of adsorption channels ( 101 ), which is an adsorption material ( 123 ), wherein at a first end ( 111 ) of the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) a first supply line ( 106 ) and a first derivative ( 109 ) and at a second end ( 112 ) of the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) a second supply line ( 108 ) and a second derivative ( 107 ), wherein the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) with respect to the inlets and outlets ( 106 . 107 . 108 . 109 ) is rotatable so that the adsorption channels in temporal change with the first supply line ( 106 ) and the second derivative ( 109 ) or the first derivative ( 107 ) and the second supply line ( 108 ) are fluidly connectable, so that a drying sector ( 102 ) and a regeneration sector ( 103 ), whereas in the drying sector ( 102 ) the gas is dried and in the regeneration sector ( 103 ) the adsorption material ( 123 ) is regenerated, wherein the first supply line ( 106 ) is designed such that the gas stream to be dried as a full flow of the regeneration sector ( 103 ), the second derivative ( 107 ) with the second supply line ( 108 ) and thus forms a connecting line in which a capacitor is provided, wherein in the connecting line a pressure booster ( 18 ) is provided to the pressure of the second derivative ( 107 ) to the second supply line ( 108 ) of flowing gas, whereby possibly at the first ( 111 ) or second end ( 112 ) of the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) a cooling flow is branchable to the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) within a cooling sector ( 119 ) and where regeneration sector ( 103 ) and drying sector ( 102 ) are connected in series to the serial pressure flow, so that the drying sector ( 102 ) supplied gas stream substantially completely from that of the regeneration sector ( 103 ), possibly including the gas flow from the cooling sector, discharged gas stream corresponds. Adsorption drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) within an adsorption container ( 5 ) rotatably mounted, which preferably also the supply and discharge lines ( 106 . 107 . 108 . 109 ) at least partially. Adsorption drying apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure- increasing device ( 18 ) at least partially within the adsorption container ( 5 ), in particular at least partially within a support ( 23 ) for the rotatable adsorption chamber ( 11 ) is provided. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure increasing device ( 18 ) a mechanical compressor, in particular a compressor and / or a fan and / or a pump and / or a side channel compressor ( 24 ) and / or a turbocompressor, for example radial compressor. Adsorption drying apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an input compressor ( 1 ) is provided to the gas to be dried of the first supply line ( 106 ) in the compressed state, wherein the input compressor ( 1 ) a compressor condenser, in particular with an aftercooler ( 3 ) and a condensate separator ( 4 ), wherein the compressor condenser, in particular the aftercooler ( 3 ) and / or the condensate separator ( 4 ) at least partially forms the capacitor provided in the connecting line. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cross-sectional area Q _{1 of} the first supply line, which defines the regeneration sector, is smaller than one to the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) adjacent, third cross-sectional area Q _{3 of} the second derivative ( 107 ), wherein a ratio of Q ₁ / Q _{3 is} preferably greater than 0.9, that is to say in the range 0.9 to 1.0, and / or a cross-sectional area Q _{2 of} the second supply line, which is the drying sector (US Pat. 102 ), smaller than one to the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) adjacent, fourth cross-sectional area Q _{4 of} the first derivative ( 109 ) is to the adsorption chamber ( 11 ) within the cooling sector ( 119 ) to cool. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to the alternatives of claim 4, in which a radial compressor is preferably provided, characterized in that the pressure increasing device ( 18 ) a ring diffuser ( 121 ). Adsorption drying apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drive shaft ( 28 ) for driving the pressure booster ( 18 ) is guided at least in a line section of the connecting line. Adsorption drying apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drive unit ( 22 ) for driving the pressure booster ( 18 outside a pressure chamber, in particular outside a compressor housing ( 120 ) and / or outside the adsorption container ( 5 ) is arranged. Adsorption drying apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft of a compressor wheel on one side, in particular outside the pressure chamber, preferably outside of a / the compressor housing ( 120 ) and / or outside the adsorption container ( 5 ) is stored. Adsorption drying apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a sealing device, preferably a throttle gap seal and / or a labyrinth seal and / or a particular dry-run lip seal and / or at least one seal which is expandable, and / or at least one seal, in the Stops the shaft seals and / or a gas- or liquid-lubricated mechanical seal, is provided, wherein the sealing device further preferably from outside the pressure chamber, in particular from outside the compressor housing ( 120 ) and / or the adsorption container ( 5 ) is accessible. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device for controlling the rotational speed of the pressure increasing device ( 18 ), for example via a frequency conversion is provided. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 12, characterized in that the control device for controlling the rotational speed of the pressure increasing device ( 18 ) is controllable via a signal from the input compressor. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 12, characterized in that the control device for controlling the rotational speed of the pressure increasing device ( 18 ) is controllable via the speed of the input compressor. Adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 12, characterized in that the control device for controlling the rotational speed of the pressure increasing device ( 18 ) is controllable via a pressure in the inlet compressor or in the adsorption drying device. Adsorption device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the pressure increasing device ( 18 ) is formed and arranged in the connecting line such that between drying sector ( 102 ) and regeneration sector ( 103 ) there is a positive differential pressure. Adsorption drying plant comprising an adsorption drying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an input compressor ( 1 ) to compress the gas to be dried, whereby the compressed gas to be dried from the input compressor ( 1 ) to the first supply line ( 106 ) can be supplied as a full flow, wherein the input compressor ( 1 ) a compressor condenser, in particular with an aftercooler ( 3 ) and a condensate separator ( 4 ), wherein the compressor condenser, in particular the aftercooler ( 3 ) and / or the condensate separator ( 4 ) at least partially forms the capacitor provided in the connecting line.

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