DE202008017262U1 - Apparatus for producing a consolidated composite of fibers and filaments - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for producing a composite material from fibers and / or filaments, characterized in that the apparatus comprises at least one screening drum pair serving for heating or cooling, the screening drums of which are wrapped on the part of their circumference by the fiber and / or filament mixture to be processed into the composite material and have in this part in their interior at least one negative pressure exhibiting segment.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for producing a solidified Composite of fibers and filaments.

Known are made of fibers and threads made soft nonwovens, felts and hard from compression of these manufactured composites that are as hard and strong as wood-based materials could be. These are made by stacking of fibers and / or threads and then Stretching, opening, Confounding and subsequent mechanical, thermal or chemical Solidified treatment on wet or dry way. you will be versatile in engineering and household "uses, they appear as disposable items z. B. in the form of tissue paper and other felt-like ones Textiles up to high-quality products of textile, imitation leather, Furniture- and automotive, but also other industries.

So it is known to produce a composite of fibers and threads, in which one between the processed to the composite material Fibers and threads thermoplastic fibers mixes, as far as such are not already in the mixture, the fibers and filaments randomly piled up and between hot Plates heated until the thermoplastic threads and fibers are under the influence of their Heating with each other to a completely irregular grid have connected, and then or while the still hot fiber layer clenching and then between a distance of both sides Cooling cooling plates.

Production lines for such Composites have considerable lengths, which is due to that the only by heat conduction in the heat technology insulating material transferred Heat both considerable time is required for entry and exit, until the thermoplastic fibers are heated so far that the thermoplastic Fibers at least on their surface are fused together and with each other to form welds can connect. In addition, there is the further disadvantage that the heating of the Composite is not homogeneous, but from the outside progressing inside, so that in the outdoor areas the thermoplastic fibers are already melted when in the Center areas the surfaces only start to melt. The success consists in obtaining one in its thickness little homogeneous composite material.

The Invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. It is the object of the present invention, with little effort the Shorten production line and in shorter Time to create better homogeneous composites in which too be processed inexpensively related to waste and waste materials can.

The Invention consists in a plant for producing a solidified Composite of fibers and / or filaments, in which one between the to the composite material to be processed fibers and / or thermoplastic threads Fibers or threads mixes, as far as they are not already in the mixture, the fibers and / or threads stacked randomly, then the fibers around each in their interior Under pressure drums leading and outside of the screening drums Normal or overpressure let rule. there the fleece can be between two screens, only is for it Air baffles or suitable apertures acting like windows to carry as much as possible of the gaseous Medium, z. As air, through the fleece and as little as possible in detours the sieve drum arrives.

For the rest, too using carding or carding technology prefabricated nonwovens with this technique be processed, indifferently, whether they are free or bordered between two sieve bands by the hot and then through the cooling Medium guided become.

The Production device according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the Device at least one of the heating or cooling serving Siebtrommelpaar whose screening drums on a part of its circumference of the fiber and / or filament mixture to be processed into the composite material are entwined and in this part in their interior at least have a negative pressure exhibiting segment.

in this connection It is appropriate that you for heating and / or cooling the path of the fiber mixture is driven in each case by a pair of counter-driven, Negative pressure in its interior having perforated drums, wherein the drums of the drum pair serving for heating on their outside with hot air nozzles that Drums of cooling Serving drum pair are equipped on their outside with cold air nozzles. The pressure rollers which compact the fiber mixture are, if they are at all necessary, on the outside at least one of the negative pressure in its interior having perforated drums or arranged between the screen drum pairs.

In this case, one can increase the desired effect even further by using first a moist cooling medium or, preferably, cold air enriched with droplets with possible addition of a disinfectant, the degree of moisture of which is increased Length of the cooling section reduced.

The Device may also be designed so that it at least one of the heating or cooling serving Siebtrommelpaar whose Siebtrommeln on a part of their Scope of the to be processed to the composite fiber and / or threads mixture are entwined and in this part in their interior at least have a negative pressure exhibiting segment.

at This type of installation is located a short distance from the outside of the hot-drums or hot-drums Cold air feeding the sieve drums Channels Provided places at which inside the screening drum under vacuum standing segments are located.

at This plant, it is expedient that in one first workstation a device for occupying one of two screening drums with fibers in their interior negative pressure and / or threads or an already prefabricated nonwoven is provided that in a second, over both screening drums extending workstation on the outside this rotating screen drums hot air ducts are provided and that in one third, in the end of the wrap of the second screen drum and / or located behind the Umschlingungsort the second screen drum Workstation pressure or press rolls are provided.

at the processing of loose poured Fibers in this system is conveniently behind the device for pouring the fibers on the first screening drum a comb device for the equalization of Thickness of the fiber layer arranged. Behind the device for pouring the Fibers on the first screen drum is at least one pressure device for the Equalization and Adjusting the thickness of the fiber layer arranged. At the second Screening drum is arranged a moistening device for the fiber layer.

A bulk bin for fibers can of course omitted if in an upstream Kardieranlage or a Krempels the fiber structure was already prefabricated as a fleece.

The Essence of the invention is below one in the drawing schematically illustrated embodiment explained in more detail. The Drawing shows in

1 a two-roller pair apparatus for producing a consolidated composite of fibers and filaments.

2 a nozzle operating in the plant in section.

3 the nozzle in perspective view.

4 the nozzle with flow regulator in longitudinal section.

5 the nozzle in cross section.

This device consists of two pairs of rollers 15 . 16 and 17 . 18 , In all rollers 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 there is negative pressure. On the roller 15 becomes a previously prepared loose fiber fleece 19 hung up, that by the in the drum 15 compacting prevailing negative pressure. This fiber fleece 19 is done with the help of in the chamber 20 heated hot air or steam heated by the nonwoven fabric 19 in the vacuum chamber 21 flows, wherein melting at low temperature melting fibers at least on their surface. In the vacuum chamber 21 entered hot air or steam is through the suction nozzle 22 constantly deducted. After the consisting of fibers and / or threads fleece 19 at the vacuum chamber 21 has passed, it becomes the roller 16 where the same technical process of heating the fibers repeats, but only on the other side of the web 19 so that the fleece 19 is first flowed through by one side and then from the other side by hot air and is thus heated homogeneously in a very short time.

The heated fleece 19 then passes through two pairs of press rolls 23 to be condensed between them.

In this state, the fleece 19 the cooling roller pair 17 . 18 Pass the cool ambient air through the fleece 19 first on the chill roll 17 in one direction, then by means of the chill roll 18 in the other direction sucks and while the fleece 19 cools homogeneously, being in the fleece 19 forming, from the low melting point fibers, a mesh interlocking between the non-melting fibers and the higher melting point fibers.

In 2 and 3 is shown in this system both as a pressure-generating nozzle and as a suction nozzle, both in the heating battery 4 as well as in the cooling battery 10 can be used. This consists of a body 24 with approximated triangular side walls 25 , a latticed floor 26 and a feeder 27 , With a suitable dimensioning and adjustment of this nozzle body, a uniform air flow leaves this nozzle.

This uniform flow can be achieved that in the nozzle according to 5 curved baffles 28 are built in, with joints 29 on the sides of the bottom opening 30 attached to the nozzle are and by screws 31 are adjustable by means of handwheels 32 to be turned and in adjusting nuts 33 at the baffles 28 to grab.

15

heating roller

16

heating roller

17

chill roll

18

chill roll

19

fleece

20

Hot air chamber

21

Vacuum chamber

22

suction

23

press rolls

24

nozzle body

25

Side wall

26

grid-shaped floor

27

supply pipe

28

baffle

32

handwheel

33

adjusting nut

Claims (6)

Apparatus for producing a composite material from fibers and / or filaments, characterized in that the apparatus comprises at least one screening drum pair serving for heating or cooling, the screening drums of which are wrapped on the part of their circumference by the fiber and / or filament mixture to be processed into the composite material and have in this part in their interior at least one negative pressure exhibiting segment. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that in small distance from the outside the Siebtommeln the heating medium or the cooling medium the Siebtrommeln feeding channels in places are provided, in which in the interior of the screen drum under negative pressure standing segments are located. Device according to claim 1, characterized, that in one first workstation work equipment to occupy one of two in their interior vacuum having screening drums with fibers and / or Threads or an already prefabricated fleece are provided that in one second, over both screening drums extending workstation on the outside These rotating screen drums provided channels for a heating medium are and that in a third, in the end region of the wrap of the second screening drum and / or located behind the Umschlingungsort the second screen drum Workstation pressure or press rolls are provided. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that behind the station for covering fibers on the first screen drum a Comb device for the equalization of Thickness of the fiber layer is arranged. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that behind the station for covering the fibers on the first screen drum at least one pressure device for the Equalization and Adjustment of the thickness of the fiber layer is arranged. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that on the second screen drum a moistening device for the fiber layer is arranged.