DE202007011885U1 - Single or multi-layered tissue paper and device for producing a single or multi-layered tissue paper - Google Patents

Abstract

One- or multi-ply sanitary paper containing at least a first Position with a first embossing pattern and first protrusions, the first projections the first layer represent geometric three-dimensional shapes, extending from their base area out towards her face rejuvenate and each have at least two indentations and / or recesses, each arranged so that at least two adjacent and nearest ones Out and / or indentations to each other such a large distance which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance.

Description

The The present invention relates to a single or multi-ply sanitary paper, in particular a single or multi-ply tissue paper and a device for producing such a hygiene paper.

One- or multi-ply tissue paper is used for various uses as a hygiene product, such as household or kitchen paper, Facial tissue, wipe, toilet paper, napkin or handkerchief used. It usually can include several layers of paper brought together to make that to form multi-ply paper. It can only be one single Able to exist. In general, multilayer papers have single-ply over Papers the advantage over a higher one Softness, improved grip and better mechanical To have strength as well as the desired To provide absorption properties easier.

tissue papers with a so-called pillow embossing, i.e. with a large-scale imprint known, the pillows as a macrostructure embossing usually in an outer layer provided the tissue paper. These pillow-like embossments provide for this, that the felt Thickness of the paper increases and the volume of the paper between the respective outer layers is included, increases.

Out US-A 5,736,223 a multilayer paper is known, the at least three layers of embossed paper has, each regularly distributed protuberances exhibit. Two so-called external layers, their respective projections in a foot-to-foot arrangement are provided, and a central layer are arranged so that the Projections of the Central position in the projections one of the two outer layers arranged in a so-called "nested" configuration are, i. the projections this middle layer protrude into projections of one of the two outer layers into it.

The EP 0,566,775 A1 describes a method and an apparatus for producing an embossed fabric, according to which the embossing is performed between mismatched so-called "male" and "female" embossing elements, wherein the flank angle of the "male" element of the flank angle of "female "Elements makes a difference. The term "male" embossing element is to be understood as a nub-shaped columnar embossing element, in contrast to a so-called "female" embossing element, which is to be regarded as an upwardly open indented U-shaped embossing element. A "male" embossing element can therefore extend into a "female" embossing element.

Furthermore, multilayer sheets of paper embossed from DE-U 202 19 952 are known, wherein so-called protuberances are arranged towards the interior of the sheet and eliminate cavities between them. The first layer has in this case frustoconical protuberances whose surface is in the apex region between 0.3 mm ² and 4 mm ² . In this document also pillow-like embossed structures are disclosed.

object WO 99/07546 is a soft, large-area and three-dimensional Paper product, which is characterized essentially in that it's an embossing pattern contains which is composed of a plurality of Gelenkparallelogrammen, which are limited by lines of compressed material. With Help such pillow-shaped embossed structures especially the optical and the haptic properties be improved by paper products.

Especially in very large pillow-like embossed structures one observes frequently a collapse of embossing pillows, especially when webs of paper products are wound into rolls because then a corresponding pressure is exerted on the pillows. Such a collapse of the embossing pads causes i.a. a Reducing the thickness of such a paper product and worse optical and haptic properties.

Of the The present invention was therefore based on the object, the described Remedy disadvantages and an improved single or multi-layered To develop hygiene paper, which u.a. a high thickness and good optical and haptic properties, for example with regard to has a textile appearance and which also under pressure and / or train his three-dimensional puffy structure maintains.

Accordingly, became developed a single or multi-layered tissue paper containing at least a first layer having a first embossing pattern and first protrusions, wherein the first projections the first layer represent geometric three-dimensional shapes, extending from their base area out towards her face rejuvenate and each have at least two indentations and / or recesses, each arranged so that at least two adjacent and nearest ones Out and / or indentations to each other such a large distance which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance.

Farther The present invention also extends to a device for producing the hygiene paper according to the invention.

The term single-layered or multi-layered tissue paper is understood to mean both single-layered or multi-layered tissue papers as well as single-layer or multi-layer nonwoven fabrics, so-called non-wovens and hybrids of tissue papers and non-wovens, multi-ply tissue papers being preferred. Such tissue paper typically have a basis weight of individual per position of less than 30 g / m ^2, in particular of less than 25 g / m ² and particularly preferably of less than 20 g / m ^2. If it is a single-ply tissue paper, its basis weight per individual layer may also be higher, for example 31 g / m ² to 45 g / m ² , in particular 32 g / m ² to 40 g / m ² . From such sanitary papers so-called finished hygienic products are produced in further processing steps.

The sanitary paper according to the invention can at least in addition to the already described first layer contain a second layer, making a total of two three, four, five, six or more layers may be present. Such hygiene papers usually exist made of natural fibers or nonwovens made of synthetic fibers, whereby of course also Blends of natural fibers and synthetic fibers can be used.

suitable Fiber materials are i.a. Pulps which, according to standard pulping methods, for example, by the sulphate process or by the sulphite process coniferous, such as spruce, fir, pine or larch, from Hardwood, for example, beech, birch, poplar or eucalyptus wood or from annual plants, such as sisal, hemp, straw, Rice straw or bamboo are obtained. Of course you can too Mixtures of fibers of the mentioned types of wood can be used. As fiber materials can also pulp fibers used, which come from recycled paper. Besides can also synthetic fibers, such as polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, Polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, in particular based on aromatic Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, as well as polyvinyl alcohol fibers be used.

Out such pulps and optionally blends of pulps and synthetic fibers can in a Naßlegeprozeß with subsequent conventional Drying or after the TAD process (Through Air Drying) suitable sheet-like, creped or also uncreped so-called raw tissue products (UCTAD) are produced, which possibly still with usual Wet strength agents, dry strength agents, plasticizers or other auxiliary and additives for the papermaking can be offset.

The according to the invention or multi-layered tissue paper has at least a first layer with a first embossing pattern and first projections (embossed nubs in hygiene paper). If a second layer in this sanitary paper is present, this second layer has a second embossing pattern and second protrusions on, with the projections These two layers can be arranged to each other, that the second protrusions protrude the second layer in the first projections of the first layer. So that the second projections extend the second layer into the first projections of the first layer can, have to the first projections the first location a larger spatial Extension than the second projections of the second layer. Figuratively have to the first projections the first layer, the second projections of the second layer as a At least partially enclose the bag. The projections of the both layers can but also be arranged so that the second projections of the second Location between the first projections the first layer lie. In this case, touch the end faces of the second projections the second layer the space between two first projections of the first location. It is recommended to use the second protrusions of second layer in terms of shape, size and arrangement with the first projections to coordinate the first situation.

Furthermore there is still the possibility that the protrusions the two layers are arranged so that the end faces of the second projections the second layer and the end faces the projections to touch the first position can. In this case, stand the projections the two layers in a so-called "foot-to-foot" or "pin-to-pin" relationship to each other.

The first projections the first layer have three-dimensional, geometric shapes, extending from their base area out towards her face rejuvenate, i.e. their base area is bigger than the face. The term "first Location "refers always on the consumer-facing outer layer of a final multi-layered hygiene product.

Embossing refers to a technical process in which an initially flat paper or tissue web is formed in an embossing nip formed by two cylindrical rollers by means of a rigid, non-elastically yielding metal roller (for example: steel) structured three-dimensionally on the surface Embossing roller and a generally smooth, elastically yielding backing roll (for example: rubber or plastic) under pressure one of the three-dimensional structure of the surface of the embossing roll corresponding three-dimensional structure of the paper or tissue more or less irreversible is imposed.

This Operation is carried out in a device comprising at least the mentioned embossing roller and the associated Counter roll includes, as well as bearings for the rollers, drives, control devices for controlling or regulating the contact pressure, the web tension as well as the speed, other rollers as web guide elements for the most part single-ply, optionally also multi-ply paper or tissue web, if necessary, additional and retractors, one or more glue commissioned works as well a so-called marrying roll, if several single-ply paper or tissue webs separated in two or more such embossing devices embossed, to a layer composite together and possibly glued.

A Such device is referred to as embossing. Devices of this kind can it can be operated autonomously or it forms an assembly from one complex interconnection of multiple devices with different Setup for successive fulfillment of different tasks within a so-called processing line, like this one in the paper and tissue industry, for example, for the production of roll products like Toilet paper or household paper or for the production of folding products like handkerchiefs or Napkins usual are.

Becomes an embossing device separately, independently operated, this is called an offline operation. forms the embossing device an assembly in a complex processing plant, so speaks one from inline operation.

The Three-dimensional structure of the surface of the embossing roll becomes common through over the cylindrical surface as a reference base outstanding protrusions formed in certain, mostly uniform Way over the entire area of the embossing gap forming portion of the roll surface are distributed. The geometric Shape of these projections can in principle be chosen freely Boundaries are through the for the production of the embossing rollers applied technology and the requirements of the embossing process itself, for example in terms of trouble-free Running behavior set.

For the coinage of Paper and / or tissue webs are generally embossed rolls used as a tool for the imprint serving embossing naps, for example, formed as geometric, three-dimensional projections, on a massive steel arranged cylindrical basic body are. The embossing rollers can but also constructed in several parts from a cylindrical support body be, the interchangeable designed as a hollow cylinder coat wearing, on which the embossing knobs are arranged.

These it is at the embossing knobs around geometric, three-dimensional projections, which over the lateral surface of the cylindrical roller basic body or the replaceable cylindrical shell body are raised then becomes the shape of embossing knobs of this type referred to in the jargon as "male".

The so designed, structured on its surface, not elastic deformable embossing roll forms in the stamping plant an embossing gap in interaction with an elastically yielding, so-called soft, also cylindrical counter-roller, but usually a smooth surface having. Through this embossing gap becomes the one to be shaped Paper or tissue web passed under contact pressure, wherein the structure of the hard embossing rollers surface with the embossing nubs on it in the paper or tissue web maps. The paper or tissue web is replaced by the deformation in the embossing gap a similar structure with geometric, three-dimensional protrusions extending over the originally flat surface the paper or tissue web elevate and their shape as far as possible the embossing nubs corresponds to the embossing roll. These three-dimensional ones created in paper or tissue by an embossing projections are usually referred to in the jargon as embossing nubs.

The as a tool serving inelastic embossing knobs of the embossing roll can principle arbitrarily distributed on the lateral surface of the roller body be. In practice predominates but a uniform one Distribution of embossing knobs on the entire lateral surface of the roll base body over the Width of the impression gap. One then speaks of an overall imprint.

The lateral surface of the cylindrical roller basic body serves as a base area over which the embossing knobs in the form of geometric three-dimensional projections raise. The over the lateral surface the embossing roll distributed embossed nubs can all of equal size and shape have to be but not.

Are common geometric, three-dimensional basic forms of the coming to use embossing protrusions such as straight cone or straight pyramid stumps, the often the basic structure of a whole-area (overall) embossing characterize paper or tissue webs.

The truncated cones can have circular or oval base and end surfaces. The pyramid stumps can be triangular, square, have rectangular, diamond-shaped or polygonal base and end faces, to enumerate by way of example some of the possibilities of the design.

Of the Diameter or the side lengths of the end faces usually enough from fractions of a millimeter to about 20 millimeters. The Flank angles of the cones and / or truncated pyramids also become practical in a larger area varied. The degree of slimming, for example, according to experience as a compromise between manufacturability, stability of embossing knobs in operation, appearance of the structure of the surface and low susceptibility to interference the embossing device while the passage of the paper or tissue web selected.

One Another criterion is the embossing drum height, measured as the distance between the base surface and the face. The pimples heights In practice, they vary between fractions of a millimeter up to about 10 millimeters. Optically and haptically appealing overall imprints It will become common to produce the knob height all embossing protrusions a roller is chosen the same. However, there are also different ways of producing special effects stem heights on an embossing roll in use.

One additional The criterion for characterizing the embossed structure is the distance neighboring embossed naps, usually by specifying embossing Density in number of embossing naps expressed per square centimeter. Values for embossing Densities vary from a few embossing nubs per square centimeter up to about one hundred embossing knobs per square centimeter.

The embossing protrusions have to in doing so in her foot area do not touch; you can solitaire, in fixed or variable distance from each other.

Farther can embossing protrusions on the embossing roller surface arranged in different groups and thus in addition to the Own structure of each grouping to form a texture as a superstructure.

Important for the so-called good running ability an embossing device In addition, the flanks of the embossing nubs are down to the base and the frontal area every single embossing tuft one possible smooth, abrasion-resistant surface have sharp edges and sharp corners are avoided by rounding for soft transitions of the Forms are taken care of.

Next the described for overall imprints with high cloth thickness and the for Background imprints low-gauge used types of embossing nubs are for production special non-geometric designs or for the production of lettering embossing naps in use, the flat, mostly linear or curved long extended faces have different spacing of the end surfaces bounding edges and its special purpose of producing a Designs are customized.

A Combination of embossing knobs different shape and size together with embossing knobs to create designs or lettering together on an embossing roll is also used in practice.

In order to it becomes clear that between embossing Shape, their dimensioning and their distribution density a functional Connection exists with serious effects on the optical and haptic properties of such embossing roll imprinted Paper or tissue.

Farther there is a direct relationship between the desired, by imprinting arising, measurably increased, so-called cloth thickness as well as one generally also with it associated improvement in absorbency to liquids like water both after the suction volume and after the suction speed and the unwanted reduction resulting from the deformation work of the embossing the strength of the paper or tissue.

A Overall embossing gives a paper or tissue web except the desired thickness increase and thus an increase in the specific volume, with suitably chosen shape and arrangement of embossing knobs and a clean expression, the also desired, the consumer appealing, visual and haptic appearance the paper or tissue surface at least the consumer facing outer layers of the packaging arising in the processing, usually from several together connected layers existing hygiene end products.

Of the described "male" - are the coinage so called "female" - embossing and the "Union" coinage as two alternative embossing methods across from.

In the "female" - embossing contains the steel embossing roll in place of the geometric, three-dimensional projections geometric, three-dimensional depressions into which the paper or tissue web during the embossing process in the embossing gap by the contact pressure of the elastic Gegenwal ze is pressed under simultaneous deformation. This process therefore appears as a reversal of the described "male" embossing process with the result that the projections formed by the deformation during embossing in the paper or tissue again represent the similar image of the depressions engraved in the cylindrical surface of the embossing roller in the paper or tissue web, in terms of shape, size and distribution, the depressions in the non-compliant sheath of the embossing roll correspond to each other The projections left in the paper or tissue by the embossment in turn protrude from the original plane of the unembossed paper or tissue Tissue web out but this time in the opposite direction perpendicularly from the surface of the elastic counter-roller away in the direction of the central axis of the cylindrical embossing roller.

The "female" embossment is generated in paper or tissue protrusions, which is generally characterized by smoother transitions at edges and corners are. "Female" -Prägeverfahren Therefore, they are preferably suitable for the production of relatively large dimensions geometric and non-geometric three-dimensional projections (embossing nubs). However, it is more difficult to achieve a good expression. In addition, tend the embossing knobs in paper or tissue due to their dimensioning in addition to Collapse when external pressure and / or pressure on them Zug acts, such as during the winding process to produce a finalize roll product, for example, to produce a Toilet paper, occurs.

at become the "Union" coinage contrary to the already described methods for the formation of the embossing gap used two hard, non-elastic compliant rollers. It is usual the use of steel rolls of which a first embossing roll As a tool geometric, three-dimensional elevations (embossing knobs) wearing, the second impression roller acting as a counter roller contributes in shape, dimension and distribution on the raised (male) embossing nubs the first roller tuned (female) wells. Stand out the raised projections when passing the paper or tissue through the between the two embossing rollers formed Prägespalt in the corresponding recesses of the second embossing roll. The interplay of tools (embossing nubs and depressions) the two embossing rollers are designed so that Although the paper or tissue web is deformed by the embossing process and thus the desired ones three-dimensional projections However, without the unwanted strong destruction of the fiber structure the railway in the area of embossing nubs and a resulting reduction in strength, as for the others characteristic of both methods. This is achieved by constructively choosing the shape and spacing of the two tools that under consideration the paper or tissue cloth thickness also in the engaged state the rollers under pressure during the imprint one enough greater Distance for minor Sliding movements of the paper or tissue in the area of the depressions preserved.

The in the paper or tissue left by the embossing process projections have larger dimension of these projections the tendency under load, especially under vertical load to collapse.

According to the invention of Tendency to collapse counteracted by the flanks of the in the paper or tissue as a result of an embossment formed protrusions a modification of their shape as distributed through the periphery of the projections attached Ausaus and / or indentations are stiffened, whereby this in their shape so modified projections one higher Preserved dimensional stability.

The Out and / or indentations of the three-dimensional projections in the paper or Tissue arise by appropriate modification of the basic form embossing nubs the embossing roll. These are on the flanks of the basic forms of embossing nubs serving, for example, straight conical and / or straight truncated pyramids, others geometric bodies, for example, as parts or sections of straight or oblique Cones and / or straight or oblique pyramids of lesser dimension than the body, so attached or cut out that their flanks along the, in the overlay the body resulting Durchdringungskurven, by rounding smooth transitions between the basic form of embossing knobs and formed the geometric shapes of the indentations and / or indentations become.

to solution the task of the invention a stabilization of the flanks of large-volume embossing knobs in paper or tissue can basically any of the three described Embossing method used become.

Paper or tissue webs which are equipped with such according to the invention for stiffening modified and thus stabilized projections as embossing nubs, can be used in the further processing to final hygiene products in various ways used. It plays a role that endfertigige hygiene products such as toilet paper, kitchen towels and handkerchiefs or napkins mostly consist of several full-surface or at least along the edges embossed individual layers, which also still by rental tion or mechanical action may be partially or extensively interconnected, so that the finished hygiene product is often available to the consumer as a multilayer composite whose visible, consumer-facing, visual and haptic appearance in addition to the impression of volume, strength and absorption Assets for liquids are decisive for a purchase decision. However, the hygiene paper according to the invention can also be offered to the consumer as a finished single-layer hygiene product.

First is the stabilization of each of the single embossing nubs in single or in multi-layer tissue paper, especially when using large volume Embossing protrusions, a value in itself, since both the measurable physical Properties of the customary as starting material for the further processing single-layer, embossed tissue paper, as well as its usability with regard to the resulting Appearance and properties of the final product, influenced become.

One An essential aspect of the invention is the possibility of using stiffened according to the invention embossing protrusions a first embossed Paper or tissue layer to stabilize each layer in itself or to stabilize shape-like, both non-stiffened as well as stiffened, bulky Embossing protrusions. Such stabilized embossing nubs can also in two-ply or still higher piles Hygiene papers are available. This can be at least two-ply Hygiene paper by merging with further layers as starting material for a multi-layered hygiene product Serve (end product) or even by packaging in an at least double-layered hygiene product (end product) to be converted.

The Application of the invention to an at least single-layered tissue end product, For example, a tissue or a napkin, allows a large volume embossed Hygiene product produced by an optimal good optical and tactile Appearance on palpable high specific volume, as a result of compression against and train, for example during a Winding process, tough Embossing.

This is characterized according to the invention allows that the embossing knobs the first layer on its flanks by at least two Aus- and / or indentations are stiffened and therefore against a direction parallel to the central axis the Prägenoppen acting Increased compression force Have resistance. It is assumed that the first embossed position the outer layer of the finished product. For multi-layered hygiene papers can the first location in addition be stabilized by the fact that the projections of the underlying second layer either in the projections of the first Extend into position, or touch the first layer between their projections or but with the projections the first layer connected in a so-called "foot-to-foot" configuration are. Furthermore, it is assumed that a layer composite by gluing or by mechanical action on the faces and / or flanks of the affected embossing protrusions the first and second layer is ensured.

The sanitary paper according to the invention can u. a. be present as a single-layered tissue paper whose projections with at least two Aus- and / or indentations are stabilized. The projections can both by a large-volume "female" coinage, as also by a possible large-volume "male" embossing trained become.

If the hygiene paper according to the invention at least Having two different layers, the first layer whose projections with stabilized at least two Aus- and / or indentations on the flanks are, in addition through the second protrusions supported the second situation become. The projections the first location as well as "female" imprinting or but present as a "male" imprint.

This On the one hand can be done by the second projections of the extend the second layer into the first projections of the first layer, creating a so-called "support" configuration one possible Great Layer adhesion may be recommended, the faces of the second location in addition to be provided with adhesive.

To the others can the second protrusions the second layer but also between the first projections of first location, what u.a. leads to a significantly improved "bulk" value, i. to a higher one Volume. Also in this case can on the front surfaces of the second projections the second layer to improve ply adhesion and as a means For further stabilization still adhesive are applied.

In the event that the second projections of the second layer lie between the first projections of the first layer, two arrangement variants are possible. The projections of both layers may be positioned so that both are oriented in one direction, for example in the case of 7c in that the projections of the first and second layers are each directed upwards. Alternatively, the projections of both layers may also be arranged so that the first projections of the first layer entge are oriented oriented to the direction of the second projections of the second layer. Such a "nested" configuration is in the 7d outlined. In this case, the first projections of the first layer are directed downwards, whereas the second projections of the second layer are upwards.

It It is also conceivable that both layers arranged in such a way to each other are that some protrusions extending the second layer into the first projections of the first layer, other projections of the second layer, however, lie between the first projections of the first layer. This is a mixed form of arrangement possibilities both layers.

Furthermore there is also the possibility that the protrusions the two layers are arranged in such a way that the end faces of the second projections the second layers and the end faces of the projections of the first layers touching each other. In this case stand the projections of both Layers in a so-called "foot-to-foot" or a "pin-to-pin" relationship to each other. Of course have to not all the first and second projections of the two layers touch each other. It is sufficient if the majority of the first projections of the first layer with the second protrusions the second layer in contact. Such a "foot-to-foot" configuration leads, inter alia, to to an increase of the volume (bulk). The first projections of the first layer and the second projections the second layer can to touch each other in such a way that the outer layer serving first layer is arranged in such a way that their embossing knobs, i.e. their projections towards the inner layer, i. towards the second location is oriented. The reverse positioning of the outer layer in terms of their embossing nubs causes u.a. an improvement of the optical and haptic appearance of the final product.

Further Alternatives to the design of the final product, which also to Scope of the invention, without completeness the possibilities to enter and thus accept restrictions arise when considering the large volume embossing the first layer as well as the embossing the second layer in the manner of a "female" embossing executing, at the outside directed embossing nubs the so marked first layer, in which the after a "female" - embossing embossed, also to the outside directed, second projections engage the second position register. It is assumed that the resulting embossing knobs both layers from the outside the outer layer of the final hygienic product directed towards the inner layer are, with the "female" embossing nubs the second layer into the "female" embossing nubs protrude the first layer to achieve a supporting effect. Such a constellation is also possible when the embossing knobs both layers as "male" embossing nubs present, or if a combination of "male" and "female" embossing nubs is available.

requirement is in any case that shape, size and arrangement the interlocking embossing knobs different, so at least a first and a second layer are coordinated so that the associated embossing nubs at least two layers in a specific orientation to each other and that at least the embossing nubs of the first layer are and / or indentations are stiffened accordingly.

It can recommend the embossing pattern of second position in terms of their support function with the imprint of the first position and, in particular, the character of the first situation and the the second position to register in register. this applies especially if the embossing the second layer is designed overall-like, the embossing nubs the second layer are preferably arranged in groups, which in the embossing knobs extend into the first position. Between such groups of embossing nubs Free spaces are also possible.

suitable geometric three-dimensional shapes of the first projections of the first location are u.a. frustoconical or truncated pyramidal structures. Furthermore you can the base surfaces of three-dimensional structures also in the form of triangles, squares, Pentagons, Hexagons or even higher angular structures are present. It is recommended that such Structures each have rounded edges and corners. It is also possible, such three-dimensional forms each as a group present several such geometric three-dimensional structures.

It It is recommended that the first protrusions of the first layer on her face as level as possible surface resulting in an improvement of the surface softness and the stability of the tissue paper leads. Preferably, the first layer of the hygienic paper according to the invention should the consumer side and, if available, the second layer of the first layer adjacent location. It is important that the first protrusions the first location as possible represent rounded geometric structures. The angle of inclination the first protrusions the first layer on its flanks should be less than 90 ° and preferably between 50 ° and 85 ° and more preferably between 55 ° and 80 °.

The hygienic paper according to the invention is Furthermore, characterized in that the three-dimensional geometric shapes of the first projections each have at least two bulges and / or indentations, ie either at least two outward bulges or at least two inwardly directed (ie in the direction of the axis of the geometric shape) indentations or at least a dent and a bulge. Of course, any three-dimensional geometric shape of the first protrusions may also include three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or more protrusions and / or indentations. Preferably, the protrusions and / or indentations should be rounded as well as the rest of the structure of the first protrusions, ie have no sharp edges. The bulges or indentations can extend to the end face of the projections, but they can also end below the end face. The indentations and / or indentations on the projections should, but need not, each have the same shape and the same size.

Usually is the edge length or the diameter of the base surface the first protrusions at the first layer about 0.5 to 25 mm, in particular about 0.8 to 20 mm and more preferably about 1.0 to 15 mm. Here are the not existing calculations or indentations. The height of the first projections is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 8 mm, in particular in Range of 0.3 to 5 mm and more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.

The surface the first protrusions at the first layer should be smaller than its base surface, so that these to their face can rejuvenate. there but should be guaranteed be that face the first protrusions still a certain minimum area having at least 40%, preferably at least 50% the base area the first protrusions should be.

The first projections the first layer are stabilized by the bulges or indentations. For this reason, the first projections have at least two protrusions and / or indentations on, each having such a large distance to each other, the at least 10% of the maximum possible Distance, in particular at least 20% of the maximum possible Distance, more preferably at least 30%, and especially preferably at least 40% of the maximum possible distance from one another is.

When Measure for the maximum potential Distance of the individual off and / or Indentations to each other serves the maximum permitted angle β, the, starting from the boundary line of the geometric basic structure, which from the inner end of the individual bulges or from the outer end is limited to the individual indentations, each of two adjacent and nearest bulges or recesses is formed. In doing so, you connect each one inside limiting dimensions of a bulge or the outside limiting Dimensions of a recess with the center of the geometric basic structure the base area the first projections to a connecting line. Two connecting lines from neighboring ones nearest Bulges or indentations result with the center of the geometric Basic structure of the base area as the point of intersection an angle β, as the maximum distance of the adjacent bulges or indentations is defined to each other.

If the first protrusions of the first layer have protrusions, the angle β refers to the boundary line of the geometric basic structure which ends at the beginning of the individual protrusions, that is, no longer contains the protrusions. The center of the geometric basic structure corresponds to the center of the first projections of the first layer. The respective connecting lines of two adjacent and nearest bulges starting on the boundary line and ending at the center of the geometric basic structure of the base surface of the first projections thus give an angle β. With narrower adjacent and nearest bulges, the angle β widens, with wider adjacent and nearest bulges, the angle β decreases, which thus ultimately represents a measure of the width of the bulges on the projections. The geometrical details shown here are schematic in the 1 played.

If the first projections of the first layer contain indentations, the angle β refers to the boundary line of the geometric basic structure, which terminates in each case at the upper end of the individual indentations, ie in each case fully encloses the indentations. The center of the geometric basic structure corresponds to the center of the first projections of the first layer. The respective connecting lines of two adjacent and adjacent indentations starting on the boundary line and ending at the center of the geometric basic structure of the base surface of the first projections, thus yielding the angle β. With narrower adjacent and nearest indentations, the angle β widens, with wider adjacent and nearest indentations, the angle β decreases, which ultimately represents a measure of the width of the indentations on the projections. The geometrical details shown here are schematic in the 2 played.

Unless the first projections of the first Having two protrusions, they should be arranged on the projections so that the distance between two adjacent and nearest bulges, which is determined as angle β, which is formed by two connecting lines of adjacent and nearest bulges with the center of the geometric basic structure as an intersection, so be dimensioned that the angle β is at least 90 °, in particular at least 100 °.

If the first projections the first layer have two indentations, they should be at the projections so be arranged that the distance between two adjacent and nearest Indentations, which is determined as angle β, which by connecting lines of adjacent and nearest Indentations with the center of the geometric basic structure is formed as an intersection, so be measured that the angle β at least 90 °, in particular at least 100 °.

On this way is achieved that the two bulges and / or Indentations are relatively symmetrically attached to the first projections, with the result that the first projections are well stabilized.

If the first projections the first layer have three bulges, they should be at the projections so be arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Bulges each other at least 60 °, in particular at least 70 °.

If the first projections the first layer have three indentations, they should be at the projections be arranged so that the angle β as a measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Indentations to each other at least 60 °, in particular at least 70 °. To this Here is a relatively symmetrical arrangement of the three Protrusions or indentations guaranteed.

in the Trap that first protrusions the first layer have four bulges and / or indentations, These should be on the tabs be arranged so that the angle β as a measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Bulges or indentations to each other at least 45 °, in particular at least 50 °, is.

Provided the first projections the first layer five Bulges and / or indentations included, they should be so at the projections be arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest bulges or indentations to each other at least 30 °, in particular at least 35 °.

If the first projections the first layer contain six bulges and / or indentations, These should be so on the tabs be arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance between adjacent and nearest Bulges or indentations to each other at least 25 °, in particular at least 30 °, is.

Especially preferred hygiene papers according to the invention are characterized i.a. characterized in that the first projections of the first layer bulges and / or indentations have on the projections are arranged so that their angle β for the adjacent bulges or indentations is the same size and that the individual bulges or indentations symmetrical to Central axis are arranged on the first projections. To this Way are the first protrusions well stabilized.

The with bulges or indentations provided first projections of the first location can assume various geometric shapes, with most Derive shapes from certain basic geometrical structures, for example, from a cone, a pyramid, a circle, a Semicircle or of triangles, squares, u.a. also parallelograms, Pentagons, hexagons or even higher angular structures. It is recommended that these structures each have rounded edges and no sharp corners. It is also conceivable that such three-dimensional shapes each as a Group of several such geometric three-dimensional structures available.

The first projections the first location also formed on its flanks parallel to its end face in stages annular Off and / or indentations have (for example by choice a step-shaped different ge-selected Flank angle of the first projections the first layer and respectively adapted base surfaces), whereby the supporting effect the training and / or indentations on the first projections of the Strengthened first situation can be.

Furthermore it is through a change the surface structure the first tabs too possible, the softness of the resulting single or multi-ply sanitary paper to change. To achieve good haptic properties, the first should projections preferably have a uniform height.

In multi-layered hygiene papers according to the invention, the first projections of the first layer should have a greater spatial extent than the second projections of the second layer. It is recommended that the second projections of the two Th location also in such a way that they have a symmetrical as possible geometric shape. Suitable geometric basic structures for the second projections of the second layer include a cone, a pyramid, a circle, a semicircle, triangles, squares and parallelograms, pentagons, hexagons or even higher, angular structures. Of course, the individual structures of the second projections can also be rounded. The edge length or the diameter of the base surface of the second projections of the second layer is preferably about 0.2 to 20 mm, in particular about 0.5 to 15 mm and particularly preferably 0.5 to 10 mm. The height of the second protrusions is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 5 mm, in particular in the range of 0.3 to 4 mm and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm. The first protrusions of the first layer may have a slightly larger spatial extent than the second protrusions of the second layer. But they can also be similar in size or smaller than the first projections of the first layer. Preferably, the second projections of the second layer should have a shape as similar as possible to the first projections of the first layer. It is advisable to orientate the second projections of the second layer as possible in registry with the first projections of the first layer.

The sanitary paper according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that not only the first projections the first layer, but also the second projections of the second layer geometric represent three-dimensional shapes that are different from their base surface towards her face rejuvenate and at least two off and / or Have indentations. Such training and / or indentations are preferably arranged so that at least two adjacent and nearest Out and / or indentations to each other such a large distance which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance. there can the second protrusions the second layer have a flat surface on its end face. Their inclination angle at the flanks is preferably below 90 °. By the presence of at least two indentations and / or indentations the flanks of the second projections the second layer can these afford increased resistance to corresponding compression forces.

The individual layers of the multilayer tissue according to the invention, so also the projections having first and second layers can by conventional methods with each other be connected, for example by mechanically connecting the individual layers by mechanical surface pressure, such as through the Use of needles or by using ultrasound. Furthermore can the individual layers but also with the help of suitable adhesives or glue together, for example with the help of Strength, of modified strength or of carboxymethylcellulose. Further suitable adhesives are i.a. special polymers, for example polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetates, Copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate or of styrene and butadienes, polyurethanes with suitable crosslinkers or polymers based on acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid or their derivatives.

there it is not necessary that the connection between the faces of the Projections of the second layer and the end faces the first location at all projections the two layers takes place. A structured connection lies on selected protrusions also in the context of the invention, for example, to increase the flexibility of the Layer composite.

The according to the invention or multi-layered sanitary papers can in addition to the projections of the first, and optionally the second layers both in these Layers as well as possibly in other layers still other embossing pattern which, in terms of their shape, arrangement and size of the projections the first layer and optionally the second layer differ. such further embossing patterns can for example, background embossing patterns represent or so-called decor embossings with corresponding motifs, Images or letters, the latter often being large-scale embossing patterns available. Furthermore you can the hygiene papers of the invention also by appropriate printing with motives, pictures or letters be designed visually appealing. Here, the layer adhesion for example, by exclusive Gluing on the faces the decorative embossing take the second layer.

The The first layer should preferably be the outer layer of the hygiene paper according to the invention and represent the hygiene product produced therefrom, wherein the first projections then be oriented towards the second layer.

Provided can exist the second protrusions extending the second layer into the first projections of the first layer, to stabilize them. But it is also possible that the first location or but on both sides by one, two or more further layers are limited, so the first layer or else both projections layers then to be regarded as middle layers of the tissue paper are.

The first protrusions of the first layer may surround the second protrusions of the second layer shut down. It may be advisable to select identical or similar geometrical structures for the two projections so that the second projections of the second layer correspond as well as possible to the larger first projections of the first layer. But it is also possible that the second projections have a different geometric basic structure than the first projections.

Around to ensure better ply adhesion between the first two plies can on the faces the first and / or the second projections applied an adhesive be, which has the consequence that under pressure the front surfaces of the second projections with the inner bulges the first protrusions be glued. The faces the second protrusions should preferably be even.

The resulting pillow-like embossing pattern can on the hygienic paper according to the invention both entire area as well as only partial Pattern to be present. Furthermore, the embossing pattern in relation to Machine direction both parallel and inclined, wherein according to the shape and the nature of the embossing pattern often preferred inclination angle results.

• – eine erste Prägewalze zur Einprägung eines ersten Prägemusters mit ersten Vorsprüngen in eine erste Lage,
• – eine erste Gegenwalze, die mit der ersten Prägewalze einen ersten Prägespalt bildet
• – gegebenenfalls eine zweite Prägewalze zur Einprägung eines zweiten Prägemusters mit zweiten Vorsprüngen in die zweite Lage und
• – gegebenenfalls eine zweite Gegenwalze, die mit der zweiten Prägewalze einen zweiten Prägespalt bildet,

wobei die Prägenoppen der ersten Prägewalze geometrische dreidimensionale Formen darstellen, die sich von Ihrer Basisfläche aus in Richtung zu ihrer Stirnfläche verjüngen und jeweils mindestens zwei Aus- und/oder Einbuchtungen aufweisen, die jeweils so angeordnet sind, dass sie zueinander einen solch großen Abstand aufweisen, der mindestens 10 % des maximal möglichen Abstandes beträgt.The present invention further comprises a device for producing the single-layer or multi-layered tissue paper according to the invention, this device having inter alia the following essential components:

• A first embossing roller for impressing a first embossing pattern with first projections into a first position,
• - A first counter-roller which forms a first embossing gap with the first embossing roll
• - Where appropriate, a second embossing roll for impressing a second embossing pattern with second projections in the second layer and
• If appropriate, a second mating roll which forms a second embossing gap with the second embossing roll,

wherein the embossing nubs of the first embossing roller represent geometric three-dimensional shapes that taper from their base surface towards their end face and each have at least two indentations and / or indentations each arranged such that they have such a large distance from each other, which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance.

In addition to the constituents mentioned, the Vor-direction invention another marrying roll to merge and possibly to Adhere bonding at least the first and the second layer. The second embossing pattern of second layer can register to the first embossing pattern the first situation.

The embossing protrusions the first embossing roll should be shaped so that they are those described above first projections in detail in the corresponding position of the tissue paper according to the invention inculcate can. You can both as so-called "male" as well as so-called "female" embossing nubs be educated. Accordingly, the embossing nubs the optionally present second embossing roller configured in such a way be that they have the above-described second projections in all Details in the second layer of the hygiene paper according to the invention inculcate can. The embossing knobs the second embossing roll can both as so-called "female" embossing naps as well as so-called "male" embossing knobs be formed.

The inventive device can over it in addition to that a job roll for glue or glue, which is preferably to be suitable, on the tips of the first projections the first layer or the tips of the second projections of the second layer to apply glue or glue. Furthermore the device can still other combinations of embossing rollers and Counter-rollers have, with the help of other embossing patterns can be applied to the tissue paper. The hygiene paper according to the invention can still be printed, which has the consequence that the device may still contain suitable printing equipment.

The used in the device according to the invention embossing rollers are preferably made of a solid metal, in particular Steel or other metal alloys. The to the embossing rollers corresponding counter-rollers can out be constructed of different materials, for example as well like the embossing rollers made of steel (so-called Union stamping) or from softer elastic materials, for example Rubber, rubber or particularly soft polymers, such as i.a. Polybutadienes or copolymers of ethylene or propylene. It is recommended as counter-rolls for the first and second embossing rolls to use such mating rolls, made of a material with a Shore A hardness less than 60, in particular less than 50. in the Case of a "female" imprinting generally softer counter-rollers used than in a "male" embossing.

The inventive device can be constructed in such a way that the embossing knobs of the first embossing roll, for example, as a so-called "female" embossing roll have a greater extent than the embossing protuberances of the second embossing roll ("male" embossing roll). The embossing nubs of the first embossing roll should preferably have a flat surface on their end face. To the pillowarti to better stabilize first projections of the first layer, their embossing knobs should have rounded off and / or indentations.

Farther may recommend the embossing nubs the first embossing roll in such a way that they such bulges and / or Indentations which are arranged on the embossing nubs, that their angle β for the neighboring ones Bulges or indentations is the same size and that the individual bulges or indentations are arranged symmetrically on the embossing nubs. The inventive device contains preferably such a first embossing roll whose embossing nubs two three four five or six bulges and / or indentations. Of course, the embossing protrusions the first embossing roll but also a higher one Have number of bulges and / or indentations. Important is that the bulges and / or indentations possible orient symmetrically around the basic structure of the embossing nubs. In this way, the first projections of the first layer are well stabilized. The embossing protrusions the second embossing roll can also Bulges and / or indentations included.

The with the aid of the device according to the invention prepared also according to the invention single or multi-layered tissue paper is characterized by its pillow-like, relatively large embossed structure from what this u.a. good haptic properties, high volume and a pleasing optical appearance u. a. with a textile-like Gives an impression. Due to the supporting effect of the off or Indentations on the first projections can collapse the cushion-like embossed structure the first layer can be prevented even if the hygienic paper according to the invention as Roll product is present, in which the inner sections of a increased Are exposed to pressure.

The invention will continue with reference to the following 1 - 7 explained in more detail. Showing:

1 a schematic view (top view) of a first projection of a first layer with a total of four lobes (projection in paper (tissue) plane)

2 a schematic view (top view) of a first projection of a first layer with a total of three indentations (projection in paper (tissue) plane)

3 a schematic view of the assignment of a first projection ("female" - embossing nubs) of a first layer and a second projection ("male" - embossing nubs) of a second layer for the case that the inventive sanitary paper consists of two layers.

4 the closer view of two first projections of a first layer, wherein a first projection has a recess and another first projection has a recess.

5 a schematic view (top view) of a first projection (a first layer) with a total of two lobes, wherein the base surface has an elliptical shape.

6 a schematic view (top view) of a first projection (a first layer) with a total of two indentations, wherein the base surface has a rectangular shape.

7 a total of five schematic views of the hygienic paper according to the invention, wherein 7a a einlagies invention sanitary paper shows and the 7b . 7c . 7d and 7e sketch different possibilities of multi-ply hygienic papers according to the invention.

In the 1 . 2 . 5 and 6 In this case, another angle α is defined and drawn, which reproduces the maximum distance of two adjacent and nearest bulges and / or indentations. The angle α is formed by two lines which extend from the center of the geometric basic structures of the base surface and extend through the centers of the adjacent, nearest bulges and / or indentations. For the theoretical case that the two adjacent and nearest bulges and / or indentations in each case degenerate into a line, the two angles α and β become identical. The angle α therefore indicates the maximum possible angle, which in practice is always greater than the angle β.

In the case, that the basic geometric structure of the base surface by two indentations and / or indentations added is, is the angle α at a symmetrical arrangement of these Aus¬ and / or indentations 180 °, in three Outlets and indentations 120 ° and generally at n-outs and / or indentations 360 ° / n.

In 1 the first projection of the first layer ( 1 ) a total of four bulges ( 2 ), which are all rounded off. The first projection is defined by a boundary line ( 3 ), which ends at the beginning of the individual bulges, ie no longer includes them. The respective intersections ( 5 . 5 ' ) of two adjacent and nearest lobes with the boundary line are each with the geometric center of the two protrusions ( 4 ) connected to a line. The two connecting lines result in the geometric center ( 4 ) an angle β. With four bulges, the maximum angle α, which corresponds to the maximum possible distance between two bulges, can be 90 °. In the 1 the angle β is about 50 °, ie it is more than 50% of the maximum possible angle α. The maximum possible angle of 90 ° can only be realized if two neighboring bulges are present as lines.

In 2 the first projection of the first layer ( 1 ) a total of three indentations ( 2 ), which are all rounded off. The first projection is defined by a boundary line ( 3 ), which ends in each case at the upper end of the individual indentations, that is, this fully includes. The respective intersections ( 5 . 5 ' ) of adjacent and proximal indentations with the boundary line are respectively connected to the geometric center of the first projections ( 4 ) connected to a line. The two connecting lines result in the geometric center ( 4 ) an angle β. With three indentations, the maximum angle α, which corresponds to the maximum possible distance between two indentations, can be 120 °, provided that the recesses are present as very narrow notches. In the 2 the angle β is about 90 °, ie it is more than 50% of the maximum possible angle α.

In 3 schematically the assignment of a first "female" projection ( 1 ) and a second "male" projection ( 2 ) are shown as so-called "female" and "male" embossing pairs for a two-ply sanitary paper according to the invention. The first lead ( 1 ) has bulges ( 3 ) on. The second projection projects into the inverse stamping nub of the first projection ( 1 ) into it.

4 shows in perspective two first projections from near distance, wherein a first projection ( 1 ) Bulges and another first advantage ( 2 ) each has indentations. The indentations and indentations are each rounded off and extend from the base surface of the projections in the direction of their end face. In the two cases shown, however, the bulges or recesses end below the respective end face of the first projections. The projections are each "female" embossing nubs.

5 shows a first lead ( 1 ) a first layer with two bulges ( 2 ), wherein the basic geometric structure of the base surface represents an ellipse. The first projection is defined by a boundary line ( 3 ), which no longer encompass the two bulges. The respective Schmitt points ( 5 . 5 ' ) of two adjacent nearest lobes with the boundary line with the center of the first projection ( 4 ) the angle β, which is smaller than the angle α, which represents the maximum possible distance of the bulges, if both bulges are present only as lines.

6 shows a first lead ( 1 ) a first layer with two indentations ( 2 ), wherein the basic geometric structure of the base surface is a rectangle. The first projection is defined by a boundary line ( 3 ), which fully captures the two indentations. The respective intersections ( 5 . 5 ' ) of two adjacent nearest recesses with the boundary line ( 3 ) with the center of the first projection ( 4 ) the angle β. The angle β is smaller than the angle α, which represents the maximum possible distance of the recesses, if they are present only as narrow notches.

The 7a . 7b . 7c . 7d and 7e show schematically five different embodiments of the hygiene paper according to the invention. In the 7a a single-layered tissue paper is shown, the position ( 1 ) first projections ( 2 ), which on both flanks in each case by two bulges ( 3 ) are stabilized. In the 7b is a two-ply hygienic paper outlined, with the first layer ( 1 ) of the first position of the 7a corresponds (with protrusions ( 2 ) and bulges ( 3 )). The second location ( 4 ) also has projections ( 5 ), which in the first projections ( 2 ) of the first layer ( 1 protrude). Both layers therefore form a so-called "support" configuration.

In the 7c is in turn the first location ( 1 ) from the 7a represented (with projections ( 2 ) and bulges ( 3 )). In addition, this tissue has a second layer ( 6 ) whose projections ( 7 ) do not extend into the projections of the first layer, but rather in the direction of the interspaces of the projections ( 2 ) of the first layer are oriented.

In the 7d is in turn the first location ( 1 ) from the 7a sketched (with projections ( 2 ) and bulges ( 3 )). In case of 7d are the first projections ( 2 ) of the first layer ( 1 ) now towards the second protrusions ( 8th ) of the second layer ( 9 ) oriented. The second projections ( 8th ) of the second layer ( 9 ) are the interstices of the first projections ( 2 ) of the first layer ( 1 ) approximates.

The 7e again shows two layers of tissue paper, wherein the projections of both layers ( 1 ) and ( 10 ) in a "foot-to-foot" configuration. 1 ) has protrusions ( 2 ) each with bulges ( 3 ) on the flanks, the second layer ( 10 ) has protrusions ( 11 ), which in the direction of the projections ( 2 ) are oriented.

At the first projections ( 2 ) of the first layer ( 1 ) is in all 7a . 7b . 7c . 7d and 7e around "female" embossing naps. The first projections ( 2 ) of the first layer can also be designed as "male" embossing nubs.

Claims (43)

Single or multi-layered tissue paper containing at least a first layer having a first embossing pattern and first protrusions, wherein the first projections the first layer represent geometric three-dimensional shapes, extending from their base area out towards her face rejuvenate and each have at least two indentations and / or recesses, each arranged so that at least two adjacent and nearest ones Out and / or indentations to each other such a large distance which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to claim 1, wherein the tissue paper is a so-called tissue paper is. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein this next to the first layer still at least a second Location has. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the projections two adjacent layers are arranged so that the second projections of the extend second layer in the first projections of the first layer. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the projections two adjacent layers are arranged so that the second projections of the second layer between the first projections of the first layer. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the projections two adjacent layers are arranged so that the end faces of the second projections the second layer and the end faces the projections touch the first layer can. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first projections the first layer such a base area without consideration have the indentations or indentations whose diameter or side length 0.5 to 25 mm. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first projections the first layer on its face a flat surface exhibit. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first projections the first layer have a slope angle at the flanks, the less than 90 °. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the indentations and / or indentations are rounded. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second projections of the second layer represent geometric three-dimensional shapes that from their base area out towards her face rejuvenate and each have at least two indentations and / or recesses, each arranged so that at least two adjacent and nearest ones Out and / or indentations to each other such a large distance which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance. The multi-layered tissue paper of claim 11, wherein the second protrusions the second layer have a flat surface on its end face. A multi-layered tissue according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the second projections the second layer have a slope angle at the flanks, which is less than 90 °. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first protrusions of the first layer two lobes which are so on the projections are arranged so that the distance between two adjacent and nearest Bulges, which is determined as angle β, which by two connecting lines of adjacent and nearest Bulges with the center of the basic geometric structure is formed as an intersection, so dimensioned that the angle β at least 90 ° Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer two indentations which are so on the projections are arranged so that the distance between two adjacent and nearest Indentations, which is determined as angle β, which by two connecting lines of adjacent and nearest Indentations with the center of the geometric basic structure is formed as an intersection, so dimensioned that the angle β at least 90 °. Single or multi-ply sanitary paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer aufwei three lobes sen, which are arranged on the projections that the angle β as a measure of the distance between adjacent and nearest lobes to each other at least 60 °. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 18 wherein the first projections the first layer have three indentations, which are arranged on the projections are that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Indentations to each other at least 60 ° includes. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer four lobes which are so on the projections are arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Bulges at least 45 ° to each other. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer four indentations which are so on the projections are arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Indentations to each other at least 45 ° includes. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer five lobes which are so on the projections are arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Bulges each other at least 30 ° includes. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer five indentations which are so on the projections are arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Indentations to each other at least 30 ° covers. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer six lobes which are so on the projections are arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Bumps to each other at least 25 ° covers. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first projections of the first layer six indentations which are so on the projections are arranged that the angle β as Measure of the distance adjacent and nearest Indentations to each other at least 25 ° includes. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the first projections of the first layer bulges and / or recesses, which are arranged on the projections are that their angle β for the neighboring ones Off and / or indentations is the same size and so that the individual Bulges or indentations arranged symmetrically on the projections are. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the individual layers by mechanical surface pressure connected to each other. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the individual layers connected by gluing together are. Single or multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the first protrusions of the first layer has a height of 0.2 up to 8 mm. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the second projections of the second layer a symmetrical geometric, three-dimensional shape exhibit. Multi-layered tissue paper according to one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the individual layers may have further embossing patterns, the from the first projections the first layer and the second projections of the second layer differ. Device for producing a single or multi-layered Hygiene paper according to one the claims 1 to 29, comprising - one first embossing roll for impressing a first embossing pattern with first protrusions in a first position, - one first counter roll, with the first embossing roll a first embossing gap forms, - possibly a second embossing roll for impressing a second embossing pattern with second protrusions in the second position, and - possibly a second counter-roller, which forms a second embossing gap with the second embossing roller, in which the embossing knobs the first embossing roll represent geometric three-dimensional shapes that differ from theirs footprint out towards her face rejuvenate and each have at least two indentations and / or recesses, which are each arranged so that they each other such a large distance which is at least 10% of the maximum possible distance. Apparatus according to claim 30, comprising in addition, a marrying roll for merging at least the first layer and the second layer. Apparatus according to claim 30 or 31, comprising additionally a job role for Adhesive for application to the end face of at least the second protrusions of the second location. Device according to one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the counter-rollers the first and optionally the second embossing rolls of a material with a Shore A hardness consist of less than 60. Device according to one of claims 30 to 33, wherein the embossing rollers and the counter-rollers are each made of steel. Device according to one of claims 30 to 34, wherein the embossing nubs the first embossing roll one greater extent have as the embossing knobs the second embossing roll. Device according to one of claims 30 to 35, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll on her face a flat surface exhibit. Device according to one of claims 30 to 36, wherein the embossing knobs at least the first embossing roll have rounded out and / or indentations. Device according to one of claims 30 to 37, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll bulges and / or indentations, the so on the embossing nubs are arranged that their angle β for the neighboring Bulges and / or indentations is the same size and so that the individual Bulges or indentations symmetrical at the embossing nubs are arranged. Device according to one of claims 30 to 38, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll have two bulges and / or indentations. Device according to one of claims 30 to 39, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll have three or four bulges and / or indentations. Device according to one of claims 30 to 40, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll five or five have six bulges and / or indentations. Apparatus according to any one of claims 30 to 41, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll as "female" embossing knobs are formed. Device according to one of claims 30 to 42, wherein the embossing nubs at least the first embossing roll as "male" embossing knobs are formed.