DE202007005483U1 - CHP - Google Patents

Abstract

CHP (10) consisting of a heat engine (12), usually a gas or diesel powered engine, one with the heat engine (12) via a V-belt drive or the like connected generator (14) and means for the benefit of the waste heat the exhaust gas and the heat engine (12), characterized that the execution with two water circuits, a motor circuit (22) and a generator circuit (24), the waste heat the heat engine (12) and the generator (14) in a completely encapsulated with all components housing uses better and thus the efficiency of the combined heat and power plant (10) is increased.

Description

The The present invention relates to a combined heat and power plant according to the Preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

cogeneration have been in larger buildings for some time to do so uses both electrical energy and heat to generate for the building heating.

With the progressive development of combined heat and power plants ever smaller plants are operated economically. Currently begins the widespread use of small plants for Family homes are suitable.

On the one hand Combined heat and power plants are used to provide a self-sufficient supply to ensure with electric and heat energy for permanent use in remote areas or temporarily Failure of the power supply network. On the other hand, there are areas of application, in which the electrical energy is fed into the existing power grid is used and only the heat energy on site or else is fed into a district heating network.

cogeneration are generally also known by the abbreviation CHP and consist essentially of a heat engine, usually a powered by gas or diesel engine, one with the Motor via a V-belt drive or similar connected generator and a device for the benefit of the waste heat from the heat engine itself, from the exhaust of the heat engine and from the generator. To use this waste heat, are both the combustion chamber of the heat engine and the housing of the generator is water cooled.

Known CHPs contain a water cycle via a gas-water heat exchanger the waste heat of the exhaust gas absorbs and over water-cooled Housing of the generator and the combustion chamber of the engine a part of the waste heat of these two components.

CHP are encapsulated to the outside, on the one hand sound emissions on the other hand to keep the waste heat in the CHP.

The used heat is usually directly or through a Heat exchanger fed into a Heizwasserkreislauf. This Heizwasserkreislauf can only indirectly via approached a buffer memory.

From the DE 296 05 149 U1 For example, a cogeneration unit is known in which the water-cooled internal combustion engine is coupled to a likewise water-cooled three-phase motor, which is initially used to start the internal combustion engine and then to generate the electrical energy. It is mentioned to bring two heat exchangers i a housing under. The case will not be described in detail.

One Disadvantage of the known CHP is that not a small expense must be operated so that the heat engine is independent as much as possible from the temperature in the heating water circuit or operated near the optimum combustion chamber temperature to order to achieve a low-emission combustion. This is done in known embodiments a bypass in the water cycle, which regulates the amount of water, which cools the combustion chamber, or via a water-water heat exchanger in the water circuit, on the secondary side a separate cooling circuit connected to the combustion chamber.

Furthermore only becomes part of the waste heat from heat engine and generator supplied for use in Heizwasserkreis.

task

The The object of this invention is now a combined heat and power plant to be provided, preferably in the appropriate size for one- and two-family houses, which the well-known Benefits, also has a higher efficiency as known plants, by removing the waste heat from the components is better used in the combined heat and power plant, and design advantages has particular with regard to the control of the combustion chamber temperature.

These The object is achieved by a combined heat and power plant solved with the features of claim 1.

embodiment

Further Details, features and advantages will be apparent from the following Description of an embodiment shown in the drawings a combined heat and power plant, as well as from the subsequent Claims.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic drawing of a combined heat and power plant

2 a schematic drawing of a combined heat and power plant including connection to the Heizwasserkreislauf

1 shows the schematic drawing of a combined heat and power plant 10 with the main well-known components heat engine 12 , usually a gas or diesel engine, one with the engine 12 via a V-belt drive or similar connected generator 14 and a heat exchanger 16 to the benefit of the waste heat of the exhaust gas.

New is this CHP 10 that there are two water cycles 22 . 24 for the use of waste heat contains.

In the so-called engine circuit 22 First, the combustion chamber of the engine 12 over the lead 26 fed with cooling water, then via the heat exchanger 16 used the waste heat of the exhaust gas. About the return 28 the heat is supplied to the heating system. The temperature level of this motor circuit 22 is relatively high, because on the one hand, the engine 12 is to be operated at a certain combustion chamber temperature, on the other hand due to the high exhaust gas temperatures, the cooling water of this circuit is heated to high temperatures.

In the so-called generator circuit 24 Waste heat is used at a relatively low temperature level. First, about the flow 30 this circle the generator 14 fed with cooling water, then the water flows through this circle initially a lower frame element 18 and finally an upper frame member 20 then to the return 32 to be supplied to the heating system.

Both the lower frame element 18 as well as the upper frame member 20 fulfill two functions simultaneously. On the one hand, the tubes that make up the frames carry the components of the CHP 10 On the other hand, they carry the cooling water and serve the use of waste heat. Preferably, the frame elements are made 18 and 20 thereby from pipes of rectangular cross-section.

Through the frame elements 18 and 20 Heat is used, which is in previously known versions in the housing of the CHP 10 has accumulated and to a heating of the entire CHP 10 has led.

2 shows the schematic drawing of the CHP 10 with the connection of the two water cycles 22 and 24 to an existing heating system.

The generator circuit 24 feeds the waste heat directly via a heat exchanger 38 in the lower area of a buffer tank 36 one. Due to the temperature stratification of the water in the buffer tank 36 In the lower part, waste heat can also be used at a relatively low temperature level.

The motor circuit 22 By contrast, it is direct or via another heat exchanger 34 to the middle or upper area of the buffer tank 36 connected. As a result, on the one hand, the combustion chamber temperature of the engine 12 not sink too far, on the other hand, is due to the high temperature level of heated by the exhaust gases to relatively high temperatures water of the circle 22 that through the generator circuit 24 preheated water reheated.

Through the optional heat exchanger 34 can the flow temperature in the motor circuit 22 additionally be regulated in desired areas.

10

CHP

12

Heat engine

14

generator

16

heat exchangers

18

lower frame element

20

upper frame element

22

motor circuit

24

generator circuit

26

leader motor circuit

28

returns motor circuit

30

leader generator circuit

32

returns generator circuit

34

heat exchangers

36

buffer memory

38

heat exchangers

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 29605149 U1 [0009]

Claims (12)

Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) consisting of a heat engine ( 12 ), usually a gas or diesel powered engine, one with the heat engine ( 12 ) via a V-belt drive or similar connected generator ( 14 ) and facilities for the benefit of the waste heat of the exhaust gas and the heat engine ( 12 ), characterized in that the design with two water circuits, a motor circuit ( 22 ) and a generator circuit ( 24 ), the waste heat of the heat engine ( 12 ) and the generator ( 14 ) in a completely encapsulated with all components housing better and thus the efficiency of the cogeneration plant ( 10 ) is increased. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that a generator circuit ( 24 ) uses the waste heat produced at a low temperature level. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that waste heat from the entire interior of the cogeneration plant ( 10 ) is used by at least one water leading frame element ( 18 . 20 ). Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two water-carrying frame elements are present, preferably a lower than bottom ( 18 ) and an upper lid ( 20 ). Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or the water-carrying frame elements ( 18 . 20 ) are made of pipes, preferably of rectangular cross-section. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water in the generator circuit ( 24 ) first through the housing of the generator ( 14 ), then through the frame elements ( 18 . 20 ). Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water from the return ( 32 ) of the generator circuit ( 24 ) is used for the preheating of the heating circuit water, for example in a buffer memory ( 36 ). Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generator circuit ( 24 ) to a heat exchanger ( 38 ) in the lower part of the buffer memory ( 36 ) connected. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a motor circuit ( 22 ) the waste heat from the water-cooled combustion chamber of the engine ( 12 ) and via a heat exchanger ( 16 ) from the exhaust gas of the engine ( 12 ) uses. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water in the engine circuit ( 22 ) first in the water-cooled combustion chamber of the engine ( 12 ) and then via a heat exchanger ( 16 ) by the exhaust gas of the engine ( 12 ) is heated. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor circuit ( 22 ) for reheating the heating water, for example in a buffer memory ( 36 ), is being used. Combined heat and power plant ( 10 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor circuit ( 22 ) directly or via a heat exchanger ( 34 ) in the upper area of the buffer memory ( 36 ) connected.