DE202006016821U1 - Absorptive element for mounting on human or animal skin surfaces in area of wounds, has inner layer filled with osmotically active substances such that osmotic pressure can be applied to wound containing wound fluids - Google Patents

Abstract

Absorptive element (100) has inner layer (1) filled with osmotically active substances such that osmotic pressure can be applied to wound containing wound fluids. Wound fluid contained in wound can be removed from organism that is to be treated by osmotic pressure thus supporting interstitial normohydration in both superficial wound region and in deep tissue so that body fluids are directed into absorptive element in direction of flow towards patient's skin.

Description

The The invention relates to an absorbent body for attachment to human or animal skin surfaces in the area of wounds, consisting of an outer envelope, which is permeable to liquid substances is, and one of the serving enclosed inner layer consisting essentially of a mixture from an amount of strongly osmotically active substances in an amount osmotically comparatively weak or osmotically inactive substances, like cellulose.

An absorption body of the type mentioned is the DE 100 59 439 to be taken from the applicant. The known absorbent body has been well proven in practice, but there is a need for increasing the suction power, especially in medium to strong sezenierenden, infected wounds from which the wound exudate can be pulled out of the wound base depth effectively.

These Task is solved by a generic absorption body, in the inner Lagederart is filled with osmotically active substances, that on a wound with the wound fluids contained therein an osmotic pressure exercisable is over the wound fluid can be withdrawn from the organism to be treated and thus both in the superficial Wound region as well as tissue depth interstitial normohydration supported by tissue is by the body's own liquids directed in their direction of flow to the skin surface of the patient in the absorption body are and are held there.

In particular, the inner layer is such that the basis weight is at least 420 g / m ² , wherein the basis weight of the evenly distributed therein proportion of osmotically active substances is at least 200 g / m ² .

The Terms of treatment of chronic wounds and edema therapy are often inseparable because of inflammatory processes, infectious events and leaks from vessels one of the other kind occur.

Occurs edematous, on the fluid of the pathological processes in the cells of a Tissue, these cells are compressed. Your distance to nourishing or transporting vessels grows, diffusion processes aggravate, metabolic products accumulate and oxygen will be rare. In addition, metabolic products are dying out Cells leak, leaving sugar degradants, such as lactic acid (lactate out glycolysis) or citric acid, accumulate and one induce active breakdown of collagen and destroy tissue.

hypotheses According to this degradation of tissue is subject to the formation of a wound equals, a variety of other processes. Activated leukocytes, growth factor trap hypothesis glued by fibrin and hypoxic areas the tissue degradation.

The Causes of disturbing Potency is in the presence of overhydration and long periods of inactivity of water in tissue. A therapeutic approach that is aware of this finding is the vacuum therapy, by means of closed systems the wound region is exposed to specific suppression. The healing success are impressive.

The disadvantage is that this therapeutic approach is a very expensive, complex and apparatus-requiring process. It is therefore advantageous to apply analogous mechanisms via other physical laws of the wound region, for example via a dressing according to the invention with a high osmotic negative pressure. Oversized quantities of water-storing polymers, eg 200 g / m ² , fulfill this task and make use of the fact that water molecules only give up contact with other water molecules by applying a high separation force. The fact that a molecule as small as water needs to be heated up to 100 ° C to achieve this separation is testament to this.

On the Sucked on the surface located water molecules therefore become water molecules reached in deep tissue layers, and there the excess aqueous Suctioned exudates. Cohesion forces of the Water allows the chain-like deprivation of water molecules all the way to the place of origin of the edema.

With This pull brings a lot of benefits. Collagen degrading Substances such as citric or lactic acid that are present in the edema and there the wound is actively preserved, are withdrawn. diffusion processes become lighter again, the cells receive oxygen, building blocks and mediators like growth factors. The collagen synthesis can kick off.

Under Exploitation of the undesirable Exudates as vehicle and as a rinse the wound region, substances in the exudate are separated by several Rinsed tissue layers through and clean the layers of the wound.

Known wound dressings with superabsorbent substances have the property of binding escaping water in order to avoid that it emerges conspicuously. Although a "depth effect" is mentioned, but not defined, by contrast, the present absorption body, for example, in ulcus cru risk (VLE) reaches a depth effect up to the insufficient vein and thus to the perivenous tissue and its edema. Via a swelling process in the absorption body, an adaptation to the wound floor in the sense of a wound morphology administration is achieved, since the soaked superabsorbent granules are displaceable.

Of the absorbent body may be present in a dressing as a combination product. With additional Bags or servings with perforated films in the sense of Wunddistanzgittern the absorbent body be inserted. Here he can also be adjacent to other bandages, like foam dressings, Alginates, hydrophilic fibers, polyhexanides and carriers, CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), hydrophilic fibers, hydrocolloids, Lipocolloids, honey, activated carbon, silver, cellulose, pharmaceuticals, hydrogels, Detergents such as surfactants and poloxamers and their excipients, other superabsorbent bodies or mixtures of such devices. Depends on the In use, the product can be placed with one side to the wound, at the absorption body has indirect contact with the wound; also he can with the other Dressing be directed to the wound, here the Verbandstoffart a flow body through which the absorbent body passes through the exudates pulls and thus increases its absorption capacity and its length of stay prolonged on the wound.

The wrapping may consist of more than one foil or cover, for example in such a way that on the one hand a nonwoven, on the other hand a waterproof or steam-permeable backsheet is present. Another possibility on the one hand is a three-dimensionally shaped wound distance grid and on the other hand, a cover with special functions, such as Carrying of activated carbon or anti-infectives etc., to use. Two homogeneous covers or the mixing of different covers are possible.

The wrapping consisting of one or more blanks should preferably glued, Ultrasound welded, thermally generated or completed mechanically. Preferably forms the seam is not the outer edge of the product, but leaves a not sewn Material content, the one- or mehrblättrig flexible and soft product edges Has. This serving may be partially or completely occluded in scope, at least a length remain open or show folds.

Next a spatial Neighborhood of products next to the absorption body within a wrapping can the substances mentioned, such as foam dressings, alginates, hydrophilic fibers, Polyhexanides and carriers, CMC, hydrocolloids, lipocolloids, honey, activated carbon, silver, cellulose, Pharmaceuticals, hydrogels, detergents such as surfactants and poloxamers and their carriers, other superabsorbent bodies or mixtures of such substances in the absorption body itself be present, for example, such that the superabsorbent granules incorporated into fabrics of this type, also in addition to other layers containing the superabsorbent particles or other osmotic contain active substances.

A embodiment that would be Incorporation of superabsorbent substances in hydrophilic fibers, as a carrier for it. Within a serving The inner situation can be additional Cover layers of other materials such as cellulose are present, wherein this product of superabsorbent substances, hydrophilic fibers, cellulose top layer or cover layer of hydrophilic fibers and sheath in a second enclosure, which additionally contains at least one of the substances mentioned. This too can be alone in this enclosure or adjacent to other substances in an additional wrapping present, so that in the overall product an interior and two or more wrappings available. Between these can Be arranged intermediate layers, the waterproof, water vapor-tight, air-permeable, semipermeable or otherwise designed.

A possibility Ensuring the dimensional stability lies in the firm pressing the aforementioned substances of the absorption body, in which not necessarily Adhesives needed become.

So A product is created that contains substances such as CMC, hydrophilic fibers, alginates or other of the said substances in encased form, with the purpose of that the osmotically more effective substances, such as granular superabsorbent Substances, other substances of the dressing re-dry, and therefore the life of these substances and their functioning and therefore costs, material and nursing time saved. In parallel, phases of soreness are prolonged, stable temperature conditions in the wound, for Reparation processes is important, achieved, and it comes to a bilateral interaction of the flat sides of the substances. Because on the one hand these substances act favorably in the direction of the wound in known form on the wound region while she on her back side, away from the wound a re-drying experienced by other parts of the bandage. The closer to Wound applied substances unfold their effect, and the opposite can a flow-through rinse effect through it into the other Bandagesstoffanteile.

The superabsorbent substances, especially granules, can be incorporated into fiber mats pressed or incorporated, but also glued, welded or otherwise fixed. Here, two cover layers can cover a mix of cellulose and superabsorbent substances, which are produced, for example, as an airlaid mat. However, the superabsorbent substances can also be incorporated into all other substances mentioned, in particular in hydrocolloid fibers, alginates or a mixture of different substances of the type mentioned or with third substances.

Two Layers of cellulose with superabsorbent superimposed Substances (without cellulose) as a sandwich arrangement are also conceivable.

There a dressing change with the decrease in the temperature of the wound region is accompanied, it is conceivable to supply reagents to the absorbent body, the in the sense of a controlled, biocompatible, exothermic reaction keep the wound temperature stable. Chemical reactions like processes based on pepper consideration especially because they also have an additional to build osmotic suction.

The Product may be used as part of a compression therapy, Association as part of a therapy in compartment syndrome or in the vacuum therapy by means of negative pressure. In the latter case add the two types of pressure, subatmospheric and osmotic, so that a very sufficient edema therapy arises.

Known associations with superabsorbent particles do not reach the necessary potency for several reasons. The well-known associations contain too little superabsorbent substances, the latter still artificial to be weakened in their potency, because they are widely spaced from the wound region behind polyurethane foams or Celluloselages lie. Other products will have the osmotic effect with solutions weakened. Overall, the thus applied superabsorbent particles of only very low osmotic potency, and its potential is within consumed by the association.

Of the absorbent body according to the invention should be used in acute and chronic wounds, iatrogenic Cut through the skin, burn wounds, weeping inflammatory Processes of skin or ulcerative processes neoplastic Genesis, weeping Infections, fistulas, postoperative drainage, stomata, atopic variable Areas of the skin, skin folds close to the joints, such as the underarm or shoulder Groin skin, mucosal surfaces of humans and of the animal and in conjunction with other dressings, have the local therapeutic effect and in other applications, where atraumatic wound dressing is indicated. Split-skin donor sites, plastic coverings, abscesses and urological applications are equally as an indication fixed as proctological applications and prophylactic Use for prevention, e.g. for containment of Germinating and reducing the spread of germs. Especially is the functional combination with the other widely described benefits in the foreground. Applications under atmospheric pressure, be they continuous or interval-switched, electrically or manually, Applications in compression therapy or carbon dioxide bath form other essential options.

For the general understanding of the term "osmotically active", it should be noted:
It refers to properties or sums of physical or / and chemical processes, such as electronegativities, molecular weights, charge balance, molecular interactions or dilution tendencies of substances such as salts, sugars and proteins, which due to their own properties or amounts and concentrations, a pressure gradient in terms of flow or Einogneigung cause eg aqueous substances.

The Presence of a semipermeable membrane is indeed experimental Demonstration necessary, the underlying laws take place at the molecular level but also without the membrane.

laws from the areas and subjects hypo-, iso- and hypertension individual Components, diffusion, equalization processes and equalization energies, Equilibria, hydrostatic pressure, osmotic pressure, chemical Potentials, mixing effects, concentrations, molar density, entropy and Gibbs energy can find application individually or in total. Alternatively or in addition, rules can be used the processes of oncotic pressures, colloid-osmotic relevant processes and other events by number and / or condition of macromolecules be influenced present.

Shown in abbreviated form, Here, preferably, processes that affect interactions with water lead, this steer, store or at least short-term connections with them received.

The meaning of this flow direction definition has far-reaching consequences. For example:
Essentially, two cleaning processes are performed on the wound. On the one hand, the superabsorbent particles remove the wound exudate from the wound exudate, which supports physiological normohydration (normal fluid content) becomes. The wound edges are stabilized. The wound bed is conditioned positively. Second, prior to the enclosure, precipitates of low water content concentrate, which adhere to the wrapping material and can be removed by changing the spent absorbent body.

Of the absorbent body acts according to the invention an undesirable Granulation of the wound contrary. Because the pathological exudate was added becomes, become harmful Soaked up proteases, for example, MMP's (Matrix Metallo Proteases) and TIMP's (Tissue inhibiting metallo proteases) count. Due to active suction processes the harmful Proteases become a secondary anti-inflammatory Achievement achieved. The absorption body fits over the Suction and swelling process to the morphology of the wound region.

The with the wound fluid locally soaked and swollen mat fills the respective wound at least partially.

The Mat can first inside the serving be free to move.

Ideally the swollen absorbent body should rest over the whole area of the wound area. In this context, the sore-away wrapping wall consist of a textile or film material that is not or only little, while the other, sore wall is much more malleable.

It will one possible size surface the distributed in the core superabsorbent particles as well as possible size homogeneity of the core. The embedded in the core preferably adhesive-free Superabsorbent particles can a substantially uniform matrix form. It can the superabsorbent particles are sharp-edged so that their surfaces are enlarged. The sharp-edged superabsorbent particles also improve the Adhesion to the textile fibers, which is preferable to a confused or processed directionally oriented, mechanically bonded nonwoven are. The textile fibers can kinked, bent or folded fiber sections of different Width and length be. The textile fibers can at least partially around the individual superabsorbent particles run so that the interfaces and thus the suction power can be increased can. Suitable textile fibers are polymer fibers and natural fibers.

The Superabsorbent particles can For example, crosslinked, partially neutralized acrylic acid polymers be. The superabsorbent particles can also be gelatinous or ceramic be.

The Superabsorbent particles can be a core crosslinker, present as a core cross-linker (CXL) or as a surface-cross-linker (SXL), or a mixture be added to both crosslinkers.

Of the absorbent body works with such superabsorbent particles as a hydroactive wound dressing, the absorbed liquid let it evaporate again.

The uses of the absorption body can by adding pharmacological substances at the atomic or elemental level Based on how compounds with Zn, Ca, Na, are extended. To the include pharmacological substances for example, anti-inflammatories, Antibiotics, growth factors, homeopathics, analgesics, antipyretics and disinfectants.

Of the in the serving inner layer and / or casing may contain extracts of brown algae, Carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, hydrocapillaries, hydrogels, enzymes, Compounds based on ceramics, growth factors, metallic Additions, for example based on silver, gold, platinum and titanium, further osmotically active substances, such as salts, sugars, Proteins, enzymes, such as peroxidase, for the regulation of the osmotic Supplied pressure be. It may be the addition of germ count reducing substances, such as octenidine or polyhexamide be provided.

The pharmacological substances can partly from the body's own Liquids, like pathological wound exudate, taken up without the use of electrolyte solution and dissolved become.

So will over the reduction of the germ count by physical properties of the Dressing material the risk of mutations, biofilms, resistance and reduces infections and the effectiveness of antibiotic activities improved by pharmacological interventions.

It For example, one is toward non-superficial exudate absorbent body Directed effect achieved by the promotion of the exit amount as well as the speed of promotion changed. The pathological tendency to particularly slow flow of wound fluids through the tissue through, which up to the stasis of the wound fluid lead in the tissue depth can, leads to cell edema and overhydration of the cell space, so over the suction to be performed here on external exudate the stasis in the direction of a flow of liquid towards the absorbent body is moved. The overhydration the depth of the wound is thus reduced, and their nutritive overall situation and thus their healing potential is improved.

It Essentially, two cleaning processes are performed on the wound. To the one, the superabsorbent particles deprive the wound base of the wound exudate, whereby a physiological Normohydratation is supported. The wound edges are stabilized and there is also a desired wound bed conditioning. Secondly, before the wrapping, excretions concentrate with little Water content, which adhere to the Umhüllungnmaterial and the change the spent absorption body be removed. The absorbent body according to the invention acts as an excess Granulation of the wound contrary. Because the pathological exudate was added becomes, become harmful Soaked up proteases, for example, MMP's (Matrix Metallo Proteases) and TIMP's (Tissue inhibiting metallo proteases) count. Due to active suction processes the harmful Proteases become a secondary achieved anti-inflammatory performance. The absorption body fits over the suction and swelling process to the morphology of the wound region.

On the Absorption process, the absorbent body can become so heavy that he overshoots granulation by its own weight brakes and so the Wundbetthomogenisierung zuarbeitet. The weight determining element is the wound exudate even.

So it comes to a dressing material, the homogeneous in areal view Surface has, however, due to its technical conception a wound phase specific General response offers.

in addition comes that necrotic areas of the wound through the dressing material chafed and detached being, with, the ensuing wetting by the dressing material is caught.

Where a wound is infected, there absorbs the absorbent body Germs and deprives the wound of the germs, the toxins, the exudate, the sources of inflammation and the edema. Because the edema and Parts of the inflammatory reaction the formation of organized germinal systems, called biofilm, support, shortens the absorbent body the duration of the infection reduces the likelihood of its occurrence the infection and acts synergistically further anti-infective measures to. The expression or on germs such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) are fought. Especially in the ambulatory, domestic, non-stationary Area leads the eradication of these population-threatening germs to a fast Healing of chronic wounds, because only here they have their pathogenic conditions find and possibly life-threatening, often unmanageable infections to lead. This applies to Germs such as VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci) and CA-MRSA (community acquired MRSA).

Where a wound is in the cleaning phase, the absorption body takes the flushed liquids actively and bind them firmly. Where a wound granulates and itself form new cells, protect the absorption body before the composition of the pathological exudate of the wound region the neighborhood.

Where hypergranulates a wound, the absorbent body slows them down in the desired Growth rate by the weight and weight of the recorded Exudation. The wound margin is free from inflammatory edematous processes of the healthy Kept skin.

Even where healthy tissue is, that wears small thickness of the absorption body under compression bandages in that transitional edges The dressing does not push very deeply into the patient's skin, while many do other products tend to be thicker and have bottlenecks or constrictions; or impressions or sustainable print edges with the risk of perfusion reductions arise and thereby skin damage promote.

compression services from surrounding compression bandages are passed on unhindered, following La Place's law thicker bandages in the same compression environments at then higher radius the compression hindering in depth and less or even less uncontrolled Forward compression. This is especially in foam dressings and thick cellulose layers of the case, since here their elasticity this Reduce the reduction.

Of the absorbent body according to the invention can also be used for moisturizing, without getting wet from the outset to be.

It can be selected Position of the absorption body or the inner layer a significantly higher amount of comparatively small, fast-absorbing superabsorbent particles are present than at others, so that locally the function of a wound filler in the course of the absorption process arises. Becomes a wound filling function desired, so offers an enclosure with walls of different Extensibility. In particular, the sore wall may have greater extensibility as those of the opposite lying, sore-facing wall have.

Furthermore, the absorbent body can be underlaid by at least one foam layer, which is connected to the sheath via at least one adhesive dot or one peripheral seam. The foam layer can be opened or closed be porous, hydrophilic or hydrophobic. If a closed-cell foam is used, it is advisable to introduce continuous openings in the foam.

by the way can the through openings or holes on every surface Be introduced material that is part of the absorption body.

A possible Addition of surfactants leads to a significant increase the exudation of a wound and may be desirable. Here, in particular biocompatible and systemic as well as locally harmless substances use find the complex cascades of interactions of pressure situations, Perfusion, venous Removal, cell metabolism, motility and inertness of cells such as erythrocytes and granulocytes, from the body's own or added Growth factors, immune-relevant cells and substances or others for the Growth of tissue does not disturb significant factors. A possible Vasodilation in the wound region can have a beneficial effect here, too it is the result of the addition of surfactants, since here the exudation of the wound region is in the foreground and it is a deep cleansing of the wound region should come. This also applies to the optically visible wound floor, the causally therapeutic wound base as well as the wound edge, Tissues protected from exudation and harmful substances, by the superabsorbent granules or other wound contact surfaces, such as foams of PU, PE or other polymers, cellulose, alginates, hydrogels, carbon compounds, Silver preparations Honey, Vliessotoffe, nonwovens, antiseptics, carriers of these substances, films or fat-impregnated surfaces fulfill this function.

These Additions, such as the surfactants, or other substances mentioned may be covalent, solvable or free on other surfaces be connected.

parts of the components have different hole structures that the interaction of parent Facilitate layers. The passage to the nearest locations in both Directions, additive to and exhaling from the wound, becomes so facilitated.

In Combination with a foam dressing in a common additional wrapping Other advantages can be achieved. Thus, two forms of wound rest Achieved: With strong exudation, the side becomes planar in the covering the absorbent body shows, applied to the wound, and the desired strong suction effect the absorption body is de-stressing the wound environment by giving her the unwanted and harmful Messengers and ingredients are deprived of pathological exudate. Interstitial and intercellular, but also cellular and also vascular Reach rooms the proximity of one physiological irrigation, allowing perfusion, arterial influx, venous evacuation and transmembrane diffusion be optimized and not by long diffusion paths, by pathological aqueous solutions and reactive biorelevante enzymes are hindered. cell growth needs the arterial influx of proteins, oxygen as well as the shot of vessels, nerves and functionaries the immune system.

at weaker Exudation can be applied to the wound on the foam side of a foam dressing become. Here the absorption body achieves an indirect factor the wound rest by using its suction power as a back dryer of the foam. For this it is necessary that the foam is almost moistened is such that e.g. by capillary action of the flow through the Foam succeeds and a gentle inflow into the absorption body arises. Here the absorption body dries the foam back and forms a secondary one Reservoir that has the capacity of the foam around the capacity of the absorption body elevated, without this having any significant contact with the wound itself.

A wrapping in this embodiment the foam and the absorbent body may be formed of perforated PE film, the same crater-shaped holes or different geometry.

The inventive principle of the individual absorption body allows it, an optical, simplified control of the exuding wound exudate when using such, interspersed with superabsorbent particles To perform absorption bodies, provided that that the absorption body in the form of a corresponding, adapted to the wound size becomes.

From great The advantage is that the absorbed wound exudate has a limited position in the absorption body can take and retain, causing the sore surrounding skin is not attacked by the wound exudate.

In support of the general understanding of the operation can be emphasized:
Overhydration, for example, is an edema that develops on the floor of a CVI (chronic venous insufficiency). The vascular wall of the vein in question becomes more permeable due to pathological processes, and appreciable amounts of aqueous constituents initially in the vein invade the space outside the vein. This happens especially at the level of the ankle on the ankle of the leg, there here the blood column of the vein finds its beginning and here the hydrostatic pressure is greatest.

It comes to overhydration environment, healthy cells, skin and cell spaces. diffusion arterial and nutritionally significant substances as well as the removal consumed substances over the vein is restricted. The cells reach a reduced metabolic position, biorelevante Processes and finely orchestrated metabolic cascades are going to bedside the cells die. A venous one Ulcus cruris develops, breaks through to the skin and remains life-time overhydrated.

the same Process in the lungs would be over the Boost kidney performance, at least when the whole lung would be affected.

The fight this overhydration on the lower leg with the help of diuretics is not indicated since a variety of medical reasons speaks against it. Here would create an intervention in cardiorelevante system complexes, and there an acute Danger to life, unlike pulmonary edema is not recognizable, others have to Ways are found.

in the Contrary to these findings, the practice of therapy provides before, associations comparatively low suction power and poor retention apply. The edema in the leg tissue becomes undirected, passive, local and physical fought.

Dearartige therapies together have the combination of causal therapy (heart medication to the heart and therefore combat Blood stasis in the lungs on the one hand and wearing compression stockings fight the exit of venous Press water on the other hand) and symptom treatment (diuresis for drainage of the Lung on the one hand as well as the circulation allegedly strong suction bandages on the other hand).

While the impairment from e.g. Lung tissue is classified as threatening, remains the edematous swelling of connective tissue as transient and thus assessed as unproblematic. Here arises the first Imbalance, although with regard to vital signs and life support is traceable, but the short path in the patient side Suffering, pain, chronic diseases, costs, sometimes Loss of employment and a host of other disadvantages underestimated.

Everyone Medic knows that prescribed compression stockings often not meaningful and consistent be worn. This shows that the essential function, Compressing leg tissue, does not fit the patient's everyday life, because dressing, if that possible, very tedious is and is perceived as very unpleasant. Sweat in the summer Patients, and undressing is also often difficult.

in the Result is either a compression tights prescribed, the produces too little pressure, but at least is worn, or there will not be any stockings carried. The causal therapeutic approach for the lungs in drug enhancement Cardiac performance often fails with venous insufficiency because this is only over good compression therapy achievable. Does not find this or not Ideally, the vein will continue to be permanently wet.

The Therapy with vacuum systems, the so-called vacuum therapy, seems to be more effective as these are above subatmospheric pressure ratios at the depth of the exit point of liquids pulls.

There However, this therapy choice also has a variety of disadvantages, which in the spectrum of high costs and immobility over high requirements to Application to deaths In addition to the nephrological-diuretic and the vacuum-assisted therapeutic approaches, it is important to have one third approach to find.

Vorteilig would be to this an easy-to-use bandage; the known physical conditions and conditions and makes use of pharmacological processes waived.

According to the invention an association is elected, the the advantages of subatmospheric approaches achieved without the disadvantages of negative pressure of the air, such as the creation of air-tight and so-called chambers, fight too have to.

This succeed over the use of significant osmotic vacuum ratios, the area in the form of a bandage on the wound surface be laid and in a new form physical laws connect.

Preferably, the inner layer, which has the shape of a mat of cellulose carrier material for superabsorbent particles, a surface area of more than 300 g / m ² and has more than 50% osmotically active substances. The binding force is 0.5 to 2g NaCl in 0.9% solution per g of inner layer.

Thus, such a high osmotic potency (first force) is placed in the wound over the desired dressing that fluids of the wound surface are immediately absorbed. Their cohesive forces (second force) transmit this river instruction on adjacent wound fluids, so that a depth effect is created. In the wound depth, therefore, a flow direction of the excess wound fluids is defined, and due to several influences, this is maintained and continued.

For this is next to the cohesion tendency of liquids also their adhesion tendency (third force) to call, so that although only a little liquid the experiences direct osmotic suction, but his direction has also reached the bottom. It is to suspect that even in the depth of the tissue a mechanism (fourth force) arising on the bottom of capillary ascent between the cells, thereby preserving the flow direction definition is supported.

Of the deep pressure (fifth force) of the permeable vein supports this effect, since they only the way out of the fluids to peripheral and so knows about the skin. Here would be the fifth Influencing variable described, the triggered due to the high osmotic suction to relieve the overhydration the wound ground leads.

The Sum of these factors leads to the sixth size. These is significant for the functioning of the interplay of the first five.

For this purpose, something must be made, because physical laws related to the flow are here for the design of the ruling forces of importance:
From a physical point of view, the cause of a flow is always a pressure difference Δp over a section of a pipe system. Although in our case there is no pipe system in the strict sense, the tissue to be flowed through can be regarded as a closed system through which the wound secretion must search for its own ways and channels. In this case, it is subject to braking influences such as shearing forces, flow resistance, friction conditions, mechanical pressure differences, shear stresses, current strengths, changing diameters of the paths and channels and other influencing variables. Despite their slow flow, the conditions for labeling as laminar flow are not available; on the other hand, the condition of the higher flow velocity for identification as a turbulent flow is not given.

In the assumption that this is the Reynolds number Re, an empirical Number, which is about a ratio between impulses and through friction possible Cushioning describes, under the limit of the envelope height of 2300 is, would be It suggests that rather the conditions of a laminar flow at untreated ulcers of the described genesis are present.

constant laws to the flow direction and the flow velocity are certainly not before, much more are found mixtures of different laws like the law of Hagen-Poiseuille or the law of Bernoulli or the influence of the Fåhraeus Lindquist effect (influence the vessel diameter, Axial migration).

in the Connection to this rather purely physical consideration of flow conditions It is important that in the untreated wound region diverse Phases, conditions, pressures and flow rates exist.

thereto subsequently come the above five personnel together. Because the osmotic potential of a Suberabsorbens breaks through this disorder and creates a flow direction of the wound fluid, by being on the surface sucks and sips deep fluids over the Sum of the named forces be sucked with. The impulse at the first water molecules in the Association into it generates an impulse for all next water molecules by she over the forces mentioned or also via "van der Waals forces "chain-shaped are arrested. The move on the first link creates a move on the last one Member, and in the sense of an independent, dynamic continuation of these processes, the water molecules follow the once used Current lasting, as the osmotic gradient of Suberabsorbens a One-way street into the product creates.

The gradient of osmotic power and cohesion leaves one drainage in tissue depth, directly in spatial Environment of the insufficient vein. The dressing applied to the wound surface has its primary Function filling in just this depth of tissue and there deprives the water and dehydrates the edema. For this purpose, it acts through the tissue located between the wound floor and the wound base through and sucks off transtissual perivenous overhydrations without using them in a special spatial Close to stand. The high osmotic potential deprives the wound of its non-superficial edema. Gently and body-friendly, and in particular without dehydrating cells or air the extent of Flow of exudate through these channels increases the suction power at high levels of exudate actively activates the product and the Wound soil surface even more likely to turn, however, at low levels, only humidity over evaporation processes is created. In all cases The principles of moist therapy are also granted and supported.

This results in a suction bandage that actively removes the understanding of the osmotic pressure that is highly sensitive to the biorelevant, such as germs, toxins, proteases, etc. Here, the pathological ex On the contrary, it becomes the object of healing-promoting action. It forms the transport medium for this purifying suction effect and, after it has entered the dressing, is given back to the wound as air moisture, after it has been freed of its harmful substances because they do not evaporate, but remain behind in the dressing. The dressing cleans parts of the exudate after it has carried its own and other pests into the dressing.

The Way into the bandage has found it because it was suggested to flow in a predefined direction. This dynamization of rather static water in only surgically accessible region and in the Intercellular spaces leads to education of river channels and thus relieving the perivenous tissue. In the course of this process the pathological exudate becomes the rinsing solution of the wound surface and the wound depth and holds through the continuous flow the flow channels open.

in the Difference to vacuum therapy is the maximum suction power over the Duration of application is reduced locally and successively and is therefore not as static as an electronically adjusted pump pressure and so less dangerous. The required suction force of the dressing, which reaches over the superabsorbents will be on the extent of area-rata existing exudation reduced and thus determined, so here can be spoken of a sore-adapted suction control. Dependent from the wound healing phase and the condition of each square centimeter A wound creates a suction that is typical for each Wound situation.

To joined the circumstance that in contrast to the vacuum therapy the bandage flushed out Germs and that maybe infectious exudate directly after leaving the body eliminated and germs immediately after influx into the bandage fought. The exudate is not diverted and thus does not endanger the staff In individual cases can Endemic or epidemic relevant bacteria only as expensive and costly infectious liquid bulk be disposed of.

For this is important that the desired Effect of a pressure of at least about 20 mm Hg is needed because below of these values the suction is in most cases not sufficient. The immediate Near the carrier of the osmotic potential, the over the thin one wrapping created to the wound floor, brings this negative pressure.

This leaves too another significant difference to other dressings become clear. Because if this, especially cellulose, fluff pulp or non-woven dressings with exudates in contact they immediately lose their structural integrity and degenerate with moisture. Already very soon after contact with exudate This dressing is wet and has no suction and traction more. In front the background of the need to aspirate tissue depth Suitability of such a dressing as a dressing material for a venous ulcer cruris in question. Although such diseases with modern, hydroactive associations treated like polyurethane foams be, lets recognize that there is still not enough step forward, was done.

exudate and germs form the breaking point of healing. Exudate maintains germs, and germs to exudate. edema to lead to reduced immune response, and the cycle closes. breaks If one runs this course, the wound heals and closes.

This Thought taken into account in particular, that wounds are not homogeneous and equal at each point are. Many wounds experience all phases of wound healing at the same time, by necrotic and dead, infected and occupied there, here exuding and watery, there fibrinous and here again hypergranulierend are. Here is the wound edge, there is one Inflammation, here fresh epithelial tissue and there a bleeding lesion the painful removal of sticky bandages.

The independent Adaptation to the respective conditions succeeds over the Association described here, since he is each of the wound situations mentioned corresponds by delivering the appropriate response at each point. He gives way to necrotic regions Humidity on and scrubbing on them, he sucks germs on the Exudate of regional inflammation with, coverings concentrate at the serving exterior wall on and are removed with the removal of the dressing with, aqueous exudation is with high retention force withdrawn, hypergranulation slows the bandage by its own weight and the weight of the exudation absorbed, fresh epithelium he protects Exudate and adhesions do not take place, and if so, then can be a commercial one Wunddistanzgitter as primary dressing be used.

All the typical benefits are further optimized by making the dressing in full contact with the wound. Here, it should be noted that the surface of a wound is not smooth as a glass plate, but on the contrary has an extremely inhomogeneous morphology. From the perspective of a small cell, the comparison is with an air Here in the south, we have mountains, up there rather flat area, here in metropolitan areas are many tall buildings and here are many lakes and maybe even slightly below normal zero. The realization that hardly any wound has only a single healing phase and a healing situation leads to the need for a dressing that adequately treats several phases at the same time. This is guaranteed by the chosen technical approach.

It can be recommended as a full-surface primary contact layer one of said foam dressings to use, provided the benefits of the absorption body additional Find use. This could be done by the fact that the foam has wound contact and the absorption body him on the back directly on the one hand, on the one hand the alignment with a very inhomogeneous one Wound floor morphology about to ensure a foam, as the flow and contact body the Wound fluids directly in the absorption body passes. Also the fulfillment this function over Alginates, coal dressings or Cotton and nonwovens is conceivable.

Become polyurethane foams used, they tend to curl up around the edges. The usage of the absorption body forms back here a desired one mechanical counter-pressure and carries so to maintain the full surface contact area.

The outer shape The dressing may take the form of squares or other geometries but may also have anato-like forms such as gloves for the treatment of extremities, for example.

From In all cases, it is crucial that a new understanding of Wound treatment, edema therapy and vessel insufficiency treatment arises, by venous Press water, edema and their fluids energized and to the skin surface be steered to be powerfully deprived there, so that the Wound up can. De-stressing, de-swelling, deluge and deprivation of harmful Lead substances to pacification, deep relaxation and decongestion of tissue that over this rinsing from the deep perivenous Tissue is cleaned up to the wound floor.

This new understanding also includes the possibility be combined with the vacuum therapy, there to reinforce the Suction power to reach. Modulations that have a reduction in air suction power allows because osmotic suction is additively added and thus regulations which allow synergistic factors are conceivable.

In in all cases, with and without vacuum, gets in the body Exudation and soiling carried over the flushing power in the absorption body were collected.

synergistic Factors can also mutually conditional, for example in cases where e.g. above Surfactants the exudation is stimulated and increased, is the use of the absorption body necessary, to control the evoked exudation.

Other additions can also be natural substances, for example extracts of fruits or nuts; In particular, the saponins, extracts of soapnuts: fruits of the Soapnut tree (Sapindus mukorossi).

The Swelling agents can through ion exchange processes lead to reductions in the number of germs in the wound region by Depolarizations and their transmission are obstructed or concentration gradients be reduced at the cell membrane of organisms or germs. Here is the fight of resistant bacteria play an endemic or epidemic role, because the colonized wound receives often receives the germ and the germ often the wound. The breakthrough is a significant measure in the containment spreads of germs and their infections.

Here plays the opportunity The superabsorbent granules are cut into a bed of and To encase cracked cellulose fibers before they swell significant function in the generation of air humidity in the wound region, because of this the achieved surface maximization succeed. Top layers of cellulose, high-surface-area granules and surface-intensive Lead fibers in their sum too much space and much area taken up for evaporation liquid Shares and thus for the generation and maintenance of the moist, targeted wound climate.

These Form of an inner layer as a superabsorbent carrier can be present in particular in Airlaid mat.

non-systemic, local but necessary drainage, is therefore over to desire an exudate, provided with high osmotic potency Association performed. Because it is not clear that a vein is sick, and alone Therefore, the skin and connective tissue go under.

Because only through these rinsing processes, it is conceivable to promote impurities, residues of germs, cell debris, metabolic products of bacteria and located in the wound region cells to the surface, to einzau there directly gene and controlled to remove.

from Advantage is that in addition to excess wound fluids Also included therein wound healing harmful substances with and a shorter one Retention in the tissue of the patient may have. The consequences of pathological processes can be reduced.

Preferably the inner layer has more than 40% osmotically active substances based on the total weight. Osmotic substances can also in the serving available.

The osmotically active substances can in powder or granular form, wherein the granular form both the regular ones spherical or prismatic as well as irregular shapes, such as a grain of sand, can have.

The inner location can for the absorption of liquids be designed whose specific gravity is approximately that of water, ie a value of 1.00, or that said slightly exceeds specific gravity and about 1.020, with a design for higher viscosity liquids, their specific weight, for example, reach 3.00 can, also possible is.

To the osmotically active substances mainly include so-called superabsorbents, however, the inner layer may additionally have other osmotically effective Substances such as salts, sugars, proteins, electrolytes, etc., have.

The The aforementioned osmotically active substances may also be part of the coating. Furthermore can the serving antimicrobial, odor-inhibiting, disinfecting, fungicidal or other wound healing-promoting Substances, such as pharmaceuticals.

The specified concentration of osmotically active substances under Use of adhesion or cohesive forces of Water carries to a regulation of overhydration in a healthy or healthy, not located on the surface of the wound pathological tissue. The osmotically effective pressure gradients are essentially about Achieved ion exchange processes.

Oversizing of swelling agents, including in particular of superabsorbent particles contributes to this at that the wound exudate, as well as solid particles and germs out the wound base can be carried along.

Of the Composition of the absorption body influenced over Concentration gradient, gradient and differences compared to the wound area the flow direction of Wound fluids. The towards skin surface growing channeled by the absorption body generated suction the wound fluids, accelerates their transport and leads to the local fixation of tissue and growth-damaging Proteases and factors in the inner layer and protects this way the wound tissue, the wound edge tissue and the Wound region.

The Potency of the osmotically active substance can be chosen such that the extent of a local hydrostatic pressure increase due to an increased permeability of the vessels occurs, a more effective opposes osmotic pressure gradient, the overhydration situation of the tissue between the two opposing centers defined by Flow direction and flow rate regulated so that functional the sum of hydrostatic overpressure and osmotic suction for less accumulation of fluid in interstitial space. The osmotic potency of the absorption body may also be cellular overhydration regulate.

The Potency of the osmotically active substance of the absorption body can chosen like that be that the extent of a local capillary hypertension a proportional osmotic suction effect faces, the retention of fluid in an unphysiological amount in the direction of physiological hydration shortened.

Farther Can the inner layer or the envelope as a depot for medication or serve solutions, which can be delivered to the wound region continuously.

The inner layer can be made from a blend of superabsorbent polymers with cellulose as carrier material, as well as two-dimensional Cover layers exist. In this case, at least one of the cover layers consist of cellulose, wherein the bulk density of the cover layer from that of the carrier material can differentiate.

The inner situation can over Have admixtures, based on acrylic acid or based on activated carbon.

The absorption capacity of the absorption body can be above a value which is about 95 g of water / 100 cm ^{3 of} the absorption body, measured according to DIN EN ISO 53923.

The absorption body can contain starch polymers at at least one point, since these have a particularly hydrophilic character. Starch polymers which may be used are, for example, native starch polymers based on corn, potatoes or rice which have a high moisture content possess sensitivity.

Of the absorbent body can be cooled be and at least partially presaturated with liquids, in frozen form on acute wounds, sutures or other skin areas be placed on. The liquid can antimicrobial fluids, hyaluronic acid or other beneficial to the wound healing process Substances, such as quaternary Ammonium salts, be.

Of the absorbent body can be placed on body surfaces be that have an applied electric field. It will especially the DC preferred.

It can also microbial substances, which developed as a result of fermentation processes are fed be.

one The active substance may be a substance that has undergone training of molecular networks. This can arise in particular on the floor of hydrophilic processes, if links with water molecules emerge and the storing bodies via networks feature.

The technical approaches the hydrophilic processes can on the ground of fundamental physical processes, as the pursuit of balance and harmony. Entropically driven Processes, Enthalpy, Brownian Molecular movement as well as the utilization of dilution tendencies can stand in the foreground. Also the reduction of electrostatic interactions can be in the foreground.

Of the absorbent body may contain a substance that is partially or wholly of at least partially liquid-permeable sheaths Silicone is surrounded. This may be an airlaid mat, the non-pure cellulose as carrier material but has for superabsorbent particles Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Here, e.g. a mixture of Superabsorbent particles with Carboxymethylcellulose a possible Cover with a thin Cellulose layer; This cover can be present on several surfaces or completely missing. This embodiment is particularly cheap because the cellulose incorporated in the classic mat is strong is pressed and can be felt as hard and hurtful, while the carboxymethylcellulose fibers may remain softer. Instead of or mixed with these fibers, other substances such as alginates or other substances mentioned here. The source process can through possible covers partially pass through and have direct contact with the wound surface.

inhomogeneous excipients for superabsorbent particles can in at least one layer of the absorbent body present to the situation or the mat not only to give the storage function, but about that In addition, other functions such as temperature maintenance, wound floor adaptation or germ reduction. here we can e.g. silver preparations or polyhexanide and activated carbon. The polyhexanides can in dried form, liquid or attached to parts of the absorbent body.

Of the absorbent body can in body openings, Folds, elevations or other cavities of the patient's body insertable where he is particularly interested in the healing of ulcers and substance defects Tissue, for example, in dental surgery in the Oral cavity, can be used.

The inner layer can be 3% to 90% in area smaller than the serving being, being an area the serving act, which is limited by the circumferential seam.

Preferably, the sheath of a fabric or fleece, which weighs at least 20 grams per m ^2. The wrapper may be formed of woven or nonwoven synthetic fibers such as polypropylene or polyethylene fiber, natural fibers or a blend of natural and synthetic fibers. The wrapper may be permeable to both liquid and viscous substances.

The wrapping may consist of one folded or two leaves attached to her Periphery are interconnected, the connection of the leaves by ultrasound, bonding, sewing or similar thermal, physical or chemical processes. Furthermore, the wrapper can their edges have soft edges, for example, by exceeding the seam surface with wrapping material have arisen.

The wrapping may have pores, respectively smaller than the dimensions of the ones to be absorbed Substances are in granular or powder form. The pores or meshes can also larger, preferably slight greater than the superabsorbent particles, when the latter into the carrier material embedded in the inner layer or there in a - from the use of the absorption body - dried out Adhesive dispersion present.

The wrapping has different functions. Although a technically not too elaborate polypropylene nonwoven can be chosen, it performs many functions by providing water After allowing it to enter the absorption body as a liquid exudate, it allows the vapor to pass outwards. To avoid the seeding of tissue and vessels it has perforations or pores, which are chosen in size such that the granulation tissue of the wound, especially at the wound edge, can not sprout into the sheath. For example, the perforations or pores located on the circumference of the sheath may be smaller than those of the rest of the sheath area.

The wrapping Can be made of natural materials, such as cotton or silk fabric, or perforated Plastic film or be made of plastic fabric. The the mat surrounding cladding can partly or wholly be made of a so-called wound spacer grid, wherein the alignment of its smooth or rough side from the respective one Purpose dependent is. The smooth side protects the Wound from irritation and unwanted influences a secondary association. A rough surface seems on the other hand it actively activates the wound and causes a desired one chemotactic stimulus to tissue regeneration.

The wrapping with it mat housed and the foam layer can within an outer liquid-permeable envelope arranged be.

Finally, can adhering the wrapping material be designed so that on the wrapper viscous, sticky, networked or corpuscular substances attach and with the change of the absorbent body from the wound out to get promoted.

Of the absorbent body according to the invention can universal for different wound therapies (ulcus cruris, cuts, abrasions, Inflammation wounds Burns etc.), wound healing phases and for use in collecting devices, as drainage, stoma, fistula or other collecting bags become

• – als Verband zur Behandlung einer ödematösen oder entzündlich veränderten Wundregion;
• – als Verband zur Behandlung einer mikrobiell belasteten Wundoberfläche, indem über die Saugkraft Keime oder Zelltrümmer mit eingeschlossen, dehydriert oder in anaerobe Gebiete des gequollenen Absorptionskörpers geführt werden;
• – als Verband zur Entfernung inflammatorischer Zytokine, Metrixmetalloproteasen, TIMP's, degradiertem Fibronektin (zieht das Gewebe zusammen) oder anderen chronifizierenden Stoffen;
• – als Verbandstoff zur Kombination mit schwammartigen, beispielsweise offenporigen Wundbehandlungsmitteln;
• – als Verband zur Regulation der Luftfeuchtigkeit, da der Absorptionskörper die wässrigen Bestandteile über deren Dampfdruck wieder in die Luft entlässt;
• – als Verband über einem primär applizierten Wunddistanzgitter oder einer Gaze als Sekundärverband ohne unmittelbaren flächenhaften Kontakt zur Wunde;
• – als Verband unterhalb einer wasserundurchlässigen Folie, die den Absorptionskörper am Patienten fixiert;
• – als Verband unterhalb einer wasserdampfdurchlässigen Folie zur Erreichung eines atmungsaktiven Verbandes;
• – als Verband bei chronisch venöser Insuffizienz (CVI) mit sekundär nässender Wunde zur Kompression über den Quellvorgang der Leckage des betreffenden Gefäßes;
• – als Eingabe in eine Wundbehandlung, die wenigstens temporär subatmosphärische Luftdruckverhältnisse aufweist.

Here are some selected uses:

• As dressing for the treatment of an edematous or inflammatory wound area;
• As a dressing for the treatment of a microbially contaminated wound surface, by including, through the suction force, germs or cell debris, dehydrated or led into anaerobic areas of the swollen absorbent body;
• As a dressing for the removal of inflammatory cytokines, metabolic metalloproteases, TIMPs, degraded fibronectin (which pulls the tissue together) or other chronifying substances;
• As dressing material for combination with sponge-like, for example open-pored wound treatment agents;
• - As an association for the regulation of humidity, since the absorbent body releases the aqueous components on the vapor pressure back into the air;
• As a dressing over a primary applied wound distance grid or a gauze as a secondary dressing without direct area contact with the wound;
• As a dressing beneath a water-impermeable film which fixes the absorbent body to the patient;
• As a dressing below a water vapor permeable film to achieve a breathable dressing;
• - as a chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) dressing with a secondary wetting wound for compression via the swelling process of the vessel in question;
• As an input to a wound treatment having at least temporary subatmospheric air pressure ratios.

embodiments The invention are explained with reference to the drawing. The figures show:

1a and 1b an absorbent body according to the invention, used in the therapy of ulcus cruris, in a schematic representation;

2 Pressure and suction diagrams, based on the wound situation according to 1 ;

3 a second absorption body according to the invention, with an additional neren position, in a perspective view;

4 a section AA according to 3 ;

5 another absorption body with two inner layers, in a schematic section;

6 an absorbent body with an additional inner sheath, in a schematic section; and

7 another absorption body, with a hydrophilic inner layer of carboxymethyl cellulose, also in a schematic section.

The 1a and 1b show schematically an absorption body 100 in section, consisting of a liquid-absorbing inner layer 1 and a liquid permeable, perforated wrapper 2 , The inner situation 1 consists of a cellulosic carrier material 3 and two planar, also cellulose-like cover layers 4.1 . 4.2 together, with only the core, ie the carrier material 3 with osmotically active, superabsorbie ing polymers in the form of superabsorbent particles 20 is interspersed. The cover layers 4.1 . 4.2 are with the carrier material 3 adhesively bonded, ie, the surface connection with each other was made by pressing force.

The envelope formed of polypropylene fibers 2 has two congruent, liquid-permeable, rectangular leaves 2.1 . 2.2 on, which together at their edges via an ultrasonic seam 6 connected so that the position located within the envelope 1 in the non-wet state occupies an area bounded by the seam, which is about 75% of the area of the sheet 2.1 . 2.2 corresponds (cf. 1a ). Furthermore, the enclosure 2 soft edges on its periphery 7 on, which are caused by exceeding the seam surface with Umhüllungnmaterial.

True, the cellulosic material is the inner layer 1 liquid-absorbing, but only an empirically determined mixing of this material with superabsorbent particles 20 gives satisfactory results. Accordingly, the nonwoven substrate became 3 so filled, laid and prepared that it together with the powder and granular superabsorbent particles contained therein 20 a surface mass of about 430 g / m ² , wherein the proportion of superabsorbent particles 20 in the carrier material 3 54% by weight.

As in 1b is shown, the first in the dry state wound on a wound (ulcus cruris) in the wound bed absorbent body 100 swelled after direct wetting with the wound fluid. There is an interaction with the wound bed via the function of absorbing wound fluid by the absorption body 100 stores the wound exudate, releases evaporated water, exchanges ions, and then reaches a weight that controls the extent of granulation in the wound bed.

The absorbent body separates the wound exudate entering it, leaving parts of it free to maximize its surface area (droplets of atmospheric moisture). The inner situation 1 changes its thickness according to the local, due to the osmotic pressure suction conditions.

The 2 shows pressure and suction graphs that approximate the wound situation according to 1b correspond. In the vein area 10 The pressure is maximum and decreases towards the wound. The suction is again minimal in the vein area and increases to its maximum in the wound area. The suction arrows 9 show the canalized flow direction of the wound exudate.

The absorbed liquid does not flow back. The spent, swollen absorbent body 100 can be disposed of with adherent particles.

3 and 4 show a two-ply absorbent body 200 in which the serving 2 except the in 1a shown first, with superabsorbent particles 20 interspersed location 1 another additional layer of carboxymethylcellulose fibers 5 surrounds. As the absorption body 200 with the location 5 on the respective wound can be inserted, are still in the situation 5 several through openings 8th provided, the transport of wound fluids in the direction of the second, cellulosic-like location 1 enable. The openings 8th have a diameter of about 3 to 4 mm.

A little bit of the in 4 variant embodiment (absorption body 300 ) is in 5 shown. The superabsorbent particles 20 lie scattered between the two inner layers 1 and 5 in a medically safe, dried adhesive dispersion, which dissolves after wetting with the wound exudate. The adhesive dispersion may optionally be enriched with the aforementioned wound healing promoting substances.

Furthermore, in 6 an absorbent body 400 shown which except the cladding 2 another, second, inner wrapping 7 having. The two servings 2 ; 7 are liquid permeable. Between the inner cladding 7 and an inner surface 9 the outer cladding 2 is the pierced, consisting of carboxymethylcellulose fibers layer 5 , The inner cladding 7 surrounds the first, with superabsorbent particles 20 asserted location 1 , The absorption body 400 is also interwoven with its location 5 can be placed directly on the wound.

Finally, that is 7 an absorbent body 500 to remove, consisting of the liquid-permeable envelope 2 and a hydrophilic inner layer 1 from carboxymethylcellulose 1 additionally with superabsorbent particles 20 is interspersed. The serving 2 consists of a perforated, wound-protecting film material, which is available on the market under the trade name Tredegar, for example, and which can be used for the production of so-called wound spacer mesh. Optionally, the inner layer 1 perforated and optionally with at least one cover layer, as in the 1a Be described, be provided.

Claims (27)

Absorbent body for attachment to human or animal skin surfaces in the area of wounds, consisting of an outer covering ( 2 ), which is permeable to liquids, and one of the coating ( 2 ) enclosed inner layer ( 1 ), which consists essentially of a mixture of a quantity of strongly osmotically active substances with a quantity of osmotically comparatively weak or osmotically inactive substances, such as cellulose, characterized in that the inner layer ( 1 ) is filled with osmotically active substances such that an osmotic pressure can be exerted on a wound with the wound fluids contained therein, via which the wound fluid can be withdrawn from the organism to be treated and thus an interstitial normohydration of both in the superficial wound region and in the tissue depth Tissue is supported by the body's own fluids are directed in their direction of flow to the skin surface of the patient in the absorption body and held there. Absorbent body according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layer ( 1 ) has a basis weight of at least 300g / m ² , wherein the basis weight of the evenly distributed therein proportion of osmo table active substances is at least 100g / m ² . Absorbent body according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layer ( 2 ) consists of more than 40 wt .-% of osmotically active substances. Absorbent body according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) is formed from woven or non-woven composite synthetic fibers, such as polypropylene or polyethylene fiber. Absorbent body according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) has osmotically active substances. absorbent body according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the osmotic active substances in powder or granular form. Absorbent body according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layer ( 1 ) osmotically active substances selected from salts, sugars, proteins or electrolytes. Absorbent body according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) of two leaves ( 2.1 . 2.2 ), which are interconnected at their periphery. Absorbent body according to claim 8, characterized in that the compound of the leaves ( 2.1 . 2.2 ) is made by welding, gluing or sewing together. Absorbent body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) has soft outer edges on its periphery. Absorbent body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) antimicrobial, odor-inhibiting, disinfecting, fungicidal or other wound healing-promoting substances, such as pharmaceuticals. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner layer ( 1 ) from an intermediate layer consisting of a mixture of superabsorbent polymers with cellulose as support material ( 3 ), and two planar cover layers ( 4.1 . 4.2 ) is formed. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner layer ( 1 ) consists of hydrophilic fibers such as carboxymethylcellulose fibers and superabsorbent polymers with or without cellulose. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner layer ( 1 ) or the carrier material ( 3 ) is provided with additives based on alginates, silver, activated carbon or a mixture thereof. Absorbent body according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) Has pores each smaller than the dimensions of the substances to be absorbed in granular or powder form. Absorbent body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) consists of a fabric or non-woven, which has at least a basis weight of 20 g / m ² . Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the inner layer ( 2 ) are transportable via wound fluids transported tissue and growth-damaging proteases and factors locally fixable. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner layer ( 2 ) comprises osmotically active substances which are produced on the basis of acrylic acid. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner layer ( 2 ) comprises osmotically active substances which are produced on the basis of carbon. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorption capacity of the absorption body is above a value of 95 g water / 100 cm ^{3 of} the absorption body, measured according to DIN EN ISO 53923. absorbent body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the inner layer is composed so that in on the Wound launched state of the absorption body the re-release of liquid only in the saturation range entry. Absorbent body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) is liable for viscous, sticky, cross-linked or corpuscular substances, which are thus ausförderbar when changing the absorbent body from the wound. Absorbent body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath ( 2 ) both the cellulosic inner situation ( 1 ) as well as an additional layer of alginates or hydrophilic fibers, such as carboxymethylcellulose fibers ( 5 ) surrounds. Absorbent body according to claim 23, characterized in that between the layers ( 5 ) and ( 1 ) are arranged strongly osmotically active substances. Absorbent body according to claim 23, characterized in that the layer consisting of alginates or hydrophilic fibers ( 5 ) is interspersed with strongly osmotically active substances. Absorbent body according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that within the envelope ( 2 ) a second, inner envelope ( 7 ), which determines the cellulosic layer ( 1 ), the additional layer ( 5 ) outside the inner envelope ( 7 ) lies. Absorption body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner and / or additional layer ( 1 ; 5 ) several through openings ( 8th ) having.