DE202006003061U1 - Power supply`s switching mechanism for e.g. head light of bike, has rectifier bridges, where one bridge controls switching relay, other supplies energy to battery groups/light, and third charges electronic device`s e.g. camera battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanism has three integrated rectifier bridges (5, 6, 7), where the bridge (5) controls a switching relay (18) that switches recharge battery groups from a series mode to a parallel mode. The bridge (6) supplies the groups and/or a bike light (11) with the energy generated by a dynamo (2). The bridge (7) operates and charges a rechargeable battery of external electronic devices e.g. camera (14).

Description

The The invention relates to a circuit for a battery-powered power supply with automatic loading and switching control, especially for bicycles.

at the standard lighting system of a bicycle, so dynamo, headlight and taillight, no light is generated in the state, whereby the cyclist from a greater distance difficult, or not recognizable in bad weather is. What can be dangerous, especially on rural roads. Also the Illumination of an object or area z. B. a branch, a street sign or to seek or recognize a person is not in the state possible. At a slow speed z. B. below 10 km / h, the luminosity is still too small to obstacles, unpaved roads, road signs or Being able to recognize people.

[State of the art]

It Although bicycle lights and taillights in the trade, regardless of but they have each other with batteries or rechargeable batteries the disadvantage that their luminosity, in particular that of the headlamp, only moderately, the Operating time is limited and difficult to estimate. This exists the danger of that while a drive the lighting partially or completely fails. It Although now also Scheinwerter with high-performance LEDs are available whose Energy requirement is lower. The systemic disadvantages are thus only lower.

moreover brings a constant Battery replacement involves high costs and an environmental impact.

It are also pure, operated with separate batteries bicycle lights offered a good luminosity and a long service life exhibit. Because it is charged when the battery capacity is exhausted, only by a mains charger can be This bicycle lighting system is no alternative. With large battery capacity is also the Weight not insignificant.

Of Further are bicycle dynamos in the market, in which a battery is integrated during the of the operation and, sufficient travel time and Speed set, the total lighting maximum 8 to 12 min powered. This variant has the disadvantage that the battery only turns on when standing and the maximum brightness not nearly is reached because the charging voltage is above the rated voltage of the battery is and thus the voltage delivered by the battery always below the average charging voltage of the dynamo must be. In addition, the maximum lighting duration only after a longer period Ride reached.

As well become headlights with integrated accumulator and parking light function offered. These devices are operated by the dynamo and in principle offer the same function, like the aforementioned dynamo with integrated battery. Have with it they have the same disadvantages as the aforementioned system.

There are also there are still headlights and taillights, which are powered by a dynamo and a so-called parking light function feature, which essentially consist of a capacitor and an LED. This LED is used only to the road user in the state, but only for a few minutes, to better identify, but not to, him To offer a view.

The patent application GB 2 385 216 A describes an integrated bicycle power system in which a dynamo is wired with two rechargeable battery cells (rechargeable batteries) integrated into the bicycle frame. Connection points, which are arranged at different positions on the frame, are used to connect external consumers. Through a multi-position switch, the power can be differently distributed and changed to establish an energy regime between the dynamo and the batteries and also operate external devices such as mobile phones, GPS systems or computers. Although this energy system describes the arrangement on a bicycle, but not a circuit for controlling the system and for charging the batteries of the electronic devices. Since the switchover is not triggered automatically, it will never be optimal.

Finally, the utility model describes DE 200 16 669.7 U1 a battery-powered power supply with automatic charging and switching control for a standard bicycle lights, in which two battery groups are switched depending on the speed optionally parallel and in series. Thus, the maximum luminosity of the headlamp and the rear light is ensured by batteries at slow speeds and in the state. At high speeds headlight and tail light are switched to the power supply and the batteries are charged. When switching off the bicycle lights and other electrical and / or electronic devices can be operated.

The disadvantage of this invention is that, with respect to the speed-dependent switching of the batteries from series to parallel operation and battery charging the lighting on dynamo feed, proved the control only with a relay, which is stabilized by a capacitor, as too inaccurate. The manufacturing conditional component tolerances thereby cause a switching point, which can vary between 5 km / h and 25 km / h. The switching hysteresis also varies greatly.

Besides, it is with the in the DE 200 16 669.7 U1 circuit shown not possible to feed the connected electronic devices, such as cell phones, digital cameras or especially GPS PDA's in dynamo operation by the dynamo, but only on the batteries. It is also not possible, these devices without additional special chargers, such. As car DC / DC converter to connect.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, a circuit for a battery-powered power supply with automatic charging and switching control for a standard bicycle lighting the mentioned in the beginning To offer kind, both in the state and at slow speed full brightness guaranteed, over at least has two hours of operation, and a deep discharge protection provides, which shuts off the batteries and switches to direct power supply when the battery capacity is exhausted. Furthermore should be used both at standstill and while driving other consumers can be operated or charged such as cell phones, digital cameras or especially GPS PDA's.

The Task is solved with the features of the first protection claim. advantageous Further developments and embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

In dependence from the speed (voltage of the dynamo) and the state of charge of Accumulators become an optimal regime by means of a control circuit set that ensures on-board lighting on a bicycle, additional Consumers charging accumulators and also the accumulators can charge external consumers.

The Circuit for an accoustic Power supply with automatic charging and switching control is with three rectifier bridges equipped.

The first rectifier bridge serves to provide the control voltage for a changeover relay for switching of two battery groups even when consumers are switched off.

The second rectifier bridge powered, depending on the operating mode, the battery or the lighting and the Battery with the energy generated by the dynamo.

And about the third rectifier bridge, which also directly, with switching off the lighting means a relay from the dynamo at a predetermined speed, z. B. over 12 km / h is fed, stands all the energy generated by the dynamo a connected electronic device, such as a mobile phone, Digital camera or a GPS PDA's to disposal. At speeds below z. B. 10 km / h, the external devices of the in the battery-powered Power supply built-in battery powered until the deep discharge protection off.

through a special integrated circuit and its expedient Wiring can The connected electronic devices can also be charged by the charging current is limited to a defined value and the voltage is automatically set to the respectively connected device, which can be 1.2V to 6.0V. An additional charger is so no longer necessary, but only an adapter cable. The circuit is short-circuit proof executed.

at switched on light and speeds below about 10 km / h the two battery assemblies are connected in series and a nominal voltage of 6 V is due, which the full luminosity of the bicycle lights causes. With a self-loading mechanism, the two battery packs are included Driving speeds over approx. 12 km / h, switched by series connection in parallel, which makes charging even at low speeds is achieved, and at the same time will be headlamp and taillight fed directly from the dynamo. When the light is off, the Battery packs with all the energy generated by the dynamo, and at switched on light with a fraction of those charged.

to Avoidance of manufacturing tolerances and the switching hysteresis Relay is using an IC and its appropriate wiring the switching point and the hysteresis by potentiometer exactly set.

Before the batteries completely They are discharged through a deep discharge protection circuit switched off and the bike lights will now despite the shortfall of about 10 km / h again coupled to the dynamo voltage, so that also in this operating case, the function of the bicycle lights remains ensured.

The Batteries can except through the dynamo, as well as externally, with a suitable power supply as well be charged with a suitable solar cell.

To the device further includes a holding plate, which can be attached to the frame. The plate, as well as the device are expediently provided on the free surfaces with Velcro.

Consequently let yourself the device by simply pressing or tilt, attach or remove.

The Retaining plate has the same socket as you connect to the device the lighting system is present. The socket meets two Functions. First, the insertion of the plug prevents damage and disturbances, and secondly, at the same time the non-existent device is bridged so that forgetfulness, theft, defect or use of the device on one Second bicycle full conventional operational readiness of the bicycle lights is guaranteed.

The battery powered Energy supply with automatic charging and switching control combined All the advantages of the well-known bicycle lighting systems in one Device and offers about it In addition, other applications. When equipping the Bicycle with the battery Power supply with automatic charging and switching control can be a existing lighting system can be used. However, it is recommended a powerful one Dynamo grow. The ideal solution offers a hub dynamo.

The battery powered Energy supply with automatic charging and switching control guaranteed a greater independence and thereby increased traffic safety as well as a variable applicability.

The greater independence this results from the fact that an operation with a so-called standard lighting possible is, as needed, the batteries only while the lights are on (slow Charge) or charged even when the light is off (fast charge) become. The charge when the light is off, for example, offers on descents, with tailwind, as a light brake or to increase the condition. Since that Device with a holding device as well as with plug is equipped, it can be solve in seconds from the bike and at home with a Power supply, or e.g. during a tent vacation with a solar cell invite. Besides that is to prevent the theft, if the bike parked without supervision is because the battery Power supply with automatic charging and switching control small and handy. And it is also possible to have another bike with a mount out, which means the use of the battery-powered power supply with automatic loading and switching control on each used bicycle allows.

The Increased traffic safety results from the redundant Energy supply of the lighting system. In rainy weather, working on muddy paths or on snowy roads in winter Dynamos no longer reliable on the tire or completely failing the service. In this case, the battery-powered power supply switches on Automatic charging and switching control automatically to battery power, as long as the power of the dynamo is insufficient. Or the driver turns off the dynamo, and then has a continuous bright Illumination, which serves its security especially in bad weather. This makes it possible for the driver on the one hand, better his route or to recognize obstacles and on the other hand, it also gets better from other road users recognized. Even if the cyclist suffers a fall, can the then entering into effect Standlichtfunktion him heavier Preserve consequences in which he is from other road users in time is to be perceived.

If while the battery is exhausted, the operation of the dynamo is still available. In the case, that the battery-assisted Power supply with automatic charging and switching control temporarily can not be installed, with a jumper bushing the bike lighting be operated conventionally.

Of the variable use of the battery-assisted Energy supply with automatic charging and switching control results The fact that the accumulators from both the Dynamo and At home with the power supply or can be charged on the way with the solar cell. Especially Concerning the consumer, the battery-powered energy supply is also available Automatic loading and switching control a wide range of applications, because it can not only operate the bicycle lights with her, but also a tent lamp or over an adapter cable a commercially available Mobile phone to be charged. Likewise using the adapter cable other small devices, such as MP 3, Discman, radio. Digital camera, GPS-PDA, etc. are operated or loaded. To the operation or charge the devices no external wiring is required, only the adapter cable, because in the battery-powered Power supply integrated circuit, which at system voltages between 1.2 V DC and 6.0 V DC ensures a constant current and moreover short-circuit proof

[Examples]

At Hand of drawings are the structure and operation of the Invention closer explained.

It demonstrate:

1 a block diagram for a battery-powered power supply with automatic charging and switching control for a bicycle,

2 a circuit for the switching control (comparator circuit),

3 a circuit for charging the batteries of external electronic devices on board a bicycle.

This in 1 shown block diagram shows an accu-based power supply with automatic charging and switching control in use on a bicycle.

Basically, the electric energy needed for a bicycle is provided by a dynamo 2 (eg a hub dynamo) and / or two battery units 9 . 10 provided. Alternatively, the supply via a power supply 3 or by a solar charger 4 possible.

The electrical energy thus provided is by means of a control unit 1 consumers 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 fed. The control unit 1 also controls the charging of the accumulators 9 . 10 or their interconnection for an optimal power supply. There is also a switch 8th provided for switching on and off the consumer, such. B. lighting 11 . 12 and external electronic devices 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 ,

For feeding into the control unit 1 is this with corresponding inputs 1.1 , preferably plug contacts equipped.

The control unit 1 contains various functional groups 1.2 . 1.3 . 1.4 . 1.5 . 1.6 . 1.7 . 1.8 . 1.9 the corresponding voltage levels and battery charge states allow different modes of operation.

Between the function group 1.1 and the functional group 1.2 is a first rectifier bridge 5 in the circuit of the control unit 1 integrated. This rectifier bridge 5 serves to provide the control voltage for a changeover relay 18 ( 2 ), which in the following function group 1.3 is included and the switching of the two battery packs 9 . 10 even with consumers switched off 11 to 17 causes.

The function group 1.2 represents a comparator circuit. It controls the switching state of the batteries as a function of the speed (dynamo voltage) 9 . 10 ,

The output signal of the function group 1.2 controls the function group 1.3 for switching the two battery units 9 . 10 from parallel to series operation The function group 1.8 serves as deep discharge protection for the accumulators 9 . 10 ,

About the function group 1.4 becomes the regime of switching light 11 on charge of consumers 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 controlled with autonomous power supply. For a safe and sufficient charge of the batteries of the consumers 13 to 17 serves the function group 1.9 whose most important component is a constant current circuit ( 3 ).

With The block diagram given gives the following effects:

Operating mode 1

• - Switch 8th is switched off,
• - Bicycle lights 11 and external consumers 12 to 17 are switched off,
• - Dynamo 2 provides the control unit 1 with energy and controls the batteries 9 . 10 ,
• - Switching state a
• - at slow speeds (speeds below approx. 10 km / h) are the battery assemblies 9 . 10 through the changeover relay 18 connected in series (rated voltage 6 V). There is no charge of the batteries 9 . 10 instead of.
• - Switching state b
• - At driving speeds above approx. 12 km / h, the battery assemblies are 9 . 10 via the changeover relay 18 connected in parallel and will be with the whole of the Dynamo 2 generated energy charged.

Operating mode 2

• - Switch 8th is on and the dynamo 2 is not in operation (eg in the state)
• - Switching state a
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are loaded,
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are connected in series and the bicycle lights 11 and / or the external consumers 12 to 17 be supplied,
• - Switching state b
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are unloaded,
• - Deep discharge protection 1.8 turns off the bike lights 11 or the external consumers 12 to 17 from the battery supply 9 . 10 from.
• - the lighting 11 is powered directly with dynamo energy even at speeds of 10 km / h (identical to a standard bicycle light)

Operating mode 3

• - Switch 8th is on and the dynamo 2 is in operation
• - Switching state a
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are loaded,
• - Dynamo 2 does not generate sufficient energy (speeds below approx. 10 km / h)
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are connected in series and the bicycle lights 11 or the external consumers 13 to 17 become from the accumulators 9 . 10 provided,
• - Switching state b
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are unloaded, like mode of operation 2 , Switching state b,
• - Deep discharge protection 1.8 turns off bicycle lights 11 or the external consumers 12 to 17 from the battery supply 9 . 10 from,
• - Lighting 11 or the external consumers 13 to 17 be alone by the dynamo 2 provided.
• - Switching state c
• - Dynamo 2 generates sufficient energy (speeds over 12 km / h) the battery packs 9 . 10 are connected in parallel and charged with low energy and the bike lights 11 or the external consumers 13 to 17 be directly with the energy of the dynamo 2 provided.

Operating mode 4

• - Switch 8th is on, the dynamo 2 is out of order and an external lighting 12 (eg tent lighting) is switched on,
• - Switching state a
• - Batteries 9 . 10 are sufficiently charged, external lighting 12 is powered,
• - Switching state b
• - the capacity of the battery packs 9 . 10 is exhausted and the external lighting 12 is protected by the deep discharge protection 1.8 off.

An example of a comparator circuit 1.2 for the switching control 1.3 shows 2 , The circuit, which serves to avoid manufacturing tolerances and to eliminate the switching hysteresis, consists essentially of an operational amplifier 19 , a transistor 20 , a zener diode 21 for voltage limitation and a voltage divider with rheostat 22 , So can the switching point for the changeover relay 18 , the switching of accumulators 9 . 10 from serial to parallel operation, to be set exactly. Input is a changeover relay 23 arranged for dynamo voltage or battery voltage.

The 3 shows a constant current circuit 1.9 for charging the external electronic devices 13 to 17 , It essentially consists of the third rectifier bridge 7 and a voltage controlled semiconductor 24 , A and b supply the voltage from the dynamo 2 or the accumulators 9 . 10 , A changeover relay 25 is used to adapt to the applied voltage and a BNC switch socket 26 for connection of external electronic devices 13 to 17 , With inserted plug into the socket 26 turns on a relay 27 the lighting off.

Through the transistor 24 and its expedient wiring, the charging current is limited to a defined value and the voltage is applied to the respective connected device 13 to 17 a, which can be 1.2V to 6.0V. A special charger is no longer required, but only an adapter cable. The circuit 1.9 is short-circuit proof.

1

control unit

1.1

Inputs for generators

1.2

comparator circuit

1.3

Dynamo Battery switch

1.4

switchover Light and external consumers

1.5

output 1 lighting

1.6

output 2 external consumers

1.7

On-Off Switch

1.8

Deep discharge protection

1.9

Constant current charging circuit for external consumers

2

dynamo

3

power adapter

4

solar charger

5

first Rectifier bridge

6

second Rectifier bridge

7

third Rectifier bridge

8th

switch

9

battery Pack 1

10

battery Pack 2

11

bike lights

12

external lamp

13

GPS navigation

14

camera

15

mobile

16

mp3

17

Discman

18

Battery changeover relay

19

Operational amplifier (comparator circuit)

20

transistor (Comparator)

21

Zener diode (Comparator)

22

rheostat (Comparator)

23

changeover relay (Comparator)

24

transistor (Constant current circuit)

25

changeover relay (Constant current circuit)

26

BNC switch socket (Constant current circuit)

27

switching Relays for lighting (Constant current circuit)

Claims (7)

Circuit ( 1 ) for a battery-powered power supply with automatic charging and switching control, especially for bicycles with a dynamo ( 2 ), two, optionally in series or parallel switchable accumulator groups ( 6 . 10 ), a voltage-controlled changeover relay ( 18 ), a deep discharge protection ( 1.8 ) for the accumulators ( 6 . 10 ) and two rectifier bridges ( 5 . 6 ) for feeding the accumulators ( 6 . 10 ) and to power consumers ( 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 ), characterized in that three rectifier bridges ( 5 . 6 . 7 ) in the circuit ( 1 ), the first rectifier bridge ( 5 ) the changeover relay ( 18 ), the switching of the battery packs ( 6 . 10 ) from series operation to parallel operation, the second rectifier bridge ( 6 ) the batteries ( 6 . 10 ) and / or the lighting ( 11 ) with the Dynamo ( 2 ) and the third rectifier bridge ( 7 ) the batteries of external electronic devices ( 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 ) operates and loads. Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that a switch ( 8th ), the lighting ( 11 . 12 ) and the external electronic devices ( 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 ) turns on and off. Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first rectifier bridge ( 5 ) a comparator circuit ( 1.2 ) for controlling the changeover relay ( 18 ) is connected downstream. Circuit according to Claim 3, characterized in that the comparator circuit ( 1.2 ) essentially from an operational amplifier ( 19 ), a transistor ( 20 ), a Zener diode ( 21 ) for voltage limiting and a voltage divider with rheostat ( 22 ) consists. Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the third rectifier bridge ( 7 ) for charging the batteries of external electronic devices ( 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 ) with a constant current circuit ( 1.9 ) is equipped. Circuit according to Claim 5, characterized in that the constant-current circuit ( 1.9 ) substantially from the third rectifier bridge ( 7 ), which through the Dynamo ( 2 ) or the accumulators ( 9 . 10 ), a voltage controlled semiconductor ( 24 ) with appropriate wiring and a changeover relay ( 25 ) consists. Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized that a fourth rectifier bridge is arranged, which is arranged by a second on the bicycle Dynamo is supplied.