DE202006001063U1 - Inverter for feeding electrical energy from a photovoltaic unit to a three phase mains has a DC converter with maximum power point tracking control and bridge circuit - Google Patents
Inverter for feeding electrical energy from a photovoltaic unit to a three phase mains has a DC converter with maximum power point tracking control and bridge circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE202006001063U1 DE202006001063U1 DE202006001063U DE202006001063U DE202006001063U1 DE 202006001063 U1 DE202006001063 U1 DE 202006001063U1 DE 202006001063 U DE202006001063 U DE 202006001063U DE 202006001063 U DE202006001063 U DE 202006001063U DE 202006001063 U1 DE202006001063 U1 DE 202006001063U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- inverter
- switches
- bridge circuit
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wechselrichter der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The The invention relates to an inverter in the preamble of claim 1 specified genus.
Wechselrichter dieser Art werden bisher überwiegend an PV-Module mit Ausgangsspannungen von 60 V bis 70 V, maximal bis 400 V angeschlossen und weisen daher Hochsetzsteller auf. Diese sind als Spannungsquellen für mit ihnen verbundene Brückenschaltungen ausgebildet und mit vergleichsweise großen Speicherkondensatoren versehen. Die Brückenschaltungen werden durch Pulsweitenmodulation (PWM) mit Frequenzen von z. B. 8 kHz bis 100 kHz betrieben. Das erfordert einerseits die Anwendung schneller und daher kostspieliger Schalter und macht andererseits eine Filterung der von der Brückenschaltung abgegebenen Rechteckspannungen erforderlich, um wenigstens angenähert sinusförmige Ströme in das Netz einspeisen zu können. Durch die Filterung und die PWM-Steuerung ergeben sich außerdem nicht unbeträchtliche Verluste, was den Wirkungsgrad der Wechselrichter reduziert. Schließlich werden für die Kondensatoren und Netzfilter sperrige Bauelemente benötigt, so dass die Wechselrichter insgesamt vergleichsweise großvolumig ausgebildet sind und sich nur schlecht oder gar nicht zum direkten Einbau in ein PV-Modul eignen.inverter of this kind are predominantly so far on PV modules with output voltages from 60 V to 70 V, maximum up to 400 V connected and therefore have boost converter. These are as sources of voltage for bridge circuits connected to them trained and provided with comparatively large storage capacitors. The bridge circuits be by pulse width modulation (PWM) with frequencies of z. B. 8 kHz to 100 kHz operated. On the one hand, this requires the application faster and therefore more expensive switch and on the other hand makes a filtering of the bridge circuit Rectified voltages required to at least approximately sinusoidal currents in the To be able to feed in the grid. In addition, filtering and PWM control do not result inconsiderable Losses, which reduces the efficiency of the inverter. Finally for the Capacitors and line filters bulky components needed, so that the inverters in total comparatively large volume are trained and only bad or not at all to the direct Installation in a PV module are suitable.
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Wechselrichter der eingangs bezeichneten Gattung so auszubilden, dass er kostengünstig und mit kleinerem Bauvolumen hergestellt werden kann, einen höheren Wirkungsgrad besitzt und in gleicher Weise für PV-Module mit niedrigen oder hohen Ausgangsspannungen geeignet ist.In contrast, lies The invention is based on the object, the inverter of the above designated genus in such a way that it is inexpensive and can be manufactured with a smaller volume, a higher efficiency owns and in the same way for PV modules with low or high output voltages is suitable.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.to solution This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the claim 1.
Die Erfindung bringt vor allem den Vorteil mit sich, dass der Wechselrichter mit Netzfrequenz betrieben wird und die Einspeisung der elektrischen Energie in das Netz durch blockförmige Stromeinspeisung erfolgt. Dadurch entfallen aufwendige Schalter und Filter. Außerdem wird der DC-Wandler erfindungsgemäß als Strom- und nicht als Spannungsquelle verwendet, so dass keine großen und kostspieligen Kondensatoren benötigt werden. Dadurch reduzieren sich die Kosten, die Baugröße und die Störanfälligkeit. Die DC-Wandler können in vorteilhafter Weise sowohl als Tiefsetz- als auch als Hochsetzsteller ausgebildet werden.The Above all, the invention brings with it the advantage that the inverter is operated at mains frequency and the supply of electrical Energy in the network through block-shaped Power supply takes place. This eliminates expensive switches and Filter. Furthermore is the DC converter according to the invention as a current and not as Voltage source used, so no big and costly capacitors needed become. This reduces the costs, the size and the susceptibility to failure. The DC converters can in an advantageous manner both as step-down as well as boost converter be formed.
Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Verbindung mit den beiliegenden Zeichnungen an Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The The invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings at exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. It demonstrate:
Nach
Bei
dem aus
Die
Brückenschaltung
Mit
den Eingangs-Anschlüssen
Der
Wechselrichter
Eine
blockförmige
Stromeinspeisung in das Netz
Die
Steuereinheit
Wenn die Spannungsdifferenz UL1 – UL2 größer als 0
und gleichzeitig die Spannungsdifferenz UL3 – UL1 kleiner als 0 ist (vgl.
Zeilen a und c in
- Schalter
20 leitend: UL1 – UL2 > 0 V und UL3 – UL1 < 0 V - Schalter
21 leitend: UL1 – UL2 < 0 V und UL3 – UL1 > 0 V - Schalter
22 leitend: UL2 – UL3 > 0 V und UL1 – UL2 < 0 V - Schalter
23 leitend: UL2 – UL3 < 0 V und UL1 – UL2 > 0 V - Schalter
24 leitend: UL3 – UL1 > 0 V und UL2 – UL3 < 0 V - Schalter
25 leitend: UL3 – UL1 < 0 V und UL2 – UL3 > 0 V.
If the voltage difference UL1 - UL2 is greater than 0 and at the same time the voltage difference UL3 - UL1 is less than 0 (compare lines a and c in FIG
- switch
20 conductive: UL1 - UL2> 0 V and UL3 - UL1 <0 V - switch
21 conductive: UL1 - UL2 <0 V and UL3 - UL1> 0 V - switch
22 conductive: UL2 - UL3> 0 V and UL1 - UL2 <0 V - switch
23 conductive: UL2 - UL3 <0 V and UL1 - UL2> 0 V - switch
24 conductive: UL3 - UL1> 0 V and UL2 - UL3 <0 V - switch
25 conductive: UL3 - UL1 <0 V and UL2 - UL3> 0 V.
Bei
allen anderen als den genannten Spannungsdifferenzen sind die Schalter
Aufgrund
der beschriebenen Schaltzustände ergeben
sich in
In
den ersten ca. 1,6 ms sind die Schalter
In the first about 1.6 ms are the switches
Im
nächsten
Intervall bis ca. 8,3 ms ergeben sich die aus
Das
Ende einer Periode ist bei der aus
Wie
Der
Spannungsvergleich mit Hilfe der Spannungsmesser
Wie
insbesondere
Das
in
Die
Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, die
auf vielfache Weise abgewandelt werden können. Das gilt zunächst für die Frequenz,
mit der die Schalter der Brückenschaltung
betrieben werden, da die Netzfrequenz auch beispielsweise 60 Hz
betragen könnte. Weiterhin
können
anstelle der Spannungsmesser
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202006001063U DE202006001063U1 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2006-01-23 | Inverter for feeding electrical energy from a photovoltaic unit to a three phase mains has a DC converter with maximum power point tracking control and bridge circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202006001063U DE202006001063U1 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2006-01-23 | Inverter for feeding electrical energy from a photovoltaic unit to a three phase mains has a DC converter with maximum power point tracking control and bridge circuit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE202006001063U1 true DE202006001063U1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
Family
ID=36371957
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE202006001063U Expired - Lifetime DE202006001063U1 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2006-01-23 | Inverter for feeding electrical energy from a photovoltaic unit to a three phase mains has a DC converter with maximum power point tracking control and bridge circuit |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE202006001063U1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1971018A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Switching device for transformerless conversion of a direct voltage into an alternating voltage with two DC/DC converters and a DC/AC converter |
DE102007016140A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-09 | Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik (ISET) Verein an der Universität Kassel e.V. | Output voltages' regulating method for four-wire main, involves adding generated symmetrical and asymmetrical control signals to common control signals, which are delivered to actuator |
EP2187510A1 (en) | 2008-11-15 | 2010-05-19 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Inverter start up switch |
EP2192679A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Three-phase inverter for converting DC power from a generator into three-phase AC power |
EP2325984A1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Start up of a photovoltiac field with high open circuit voltage |
DE102010000350A1 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-11 | FutureE Fuel Cell Solutions GmbH, 72622 | Power supply system with regenerative power source and method for operating a power supply system |
US8395919B2 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2013-03-12 | General Electric Company | Photovoltaic inverter system and method of starting same at high open-circuit voltage |
US8599586B2 (en) | 2010-08-28 | 2013-12-03 | General Electric Company | Power inverter system and method of starting same at high DC voltage |
DE102012100477C5 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2017-11-02 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Shunt current measurement for multistring devices and interleaving converters |
-
2006
- 2006-01-23 DE DE202006001063U patent/DE202006001063U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1971018A1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Switching device for transformerless conversion of a direct voltage into an alternating voltage with two DC/DC converters and a DC/AC converter |
EP1971019A2 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Switching device for transformerless conversion of an electric direct current into an AC voltage with two DC/DC converters and an DC/AC converter |
US7616467B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2009-11-10 | Sma Technologie Ag | Circuit apparatus for transformerless conversion of an electric direct voltage into an alternating voltage |
USRE44486E1 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2013-09-10 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Circuit apparatus for transformerless conversion of an electric direct voltage into an alternating voltage |
DE102007016140A1 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-09 | Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik (ISET) Verein an der Universität Kassel e.V. | Output voltages' regulating method for four-wire main, involves adding generated symmetrical and asymmetrical control signals to common control signals, which are delivered to actuator |
DE102007016140B4 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2009-10-15 | Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik (ISET) Verein an der Universität Kassel e.V. | Method and device for controlling the output voltages of an inverter designed for 4-wire networks when voltage asymmetries occur |
US8379418B2 (en) | 2008-11-15 | 2013-02-19 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Power converter start-up circuit |
EP2187510A1 (en) | 2008-11-15 | 2010-05-19 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Inverter start up switch |
US8259468B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2012-09-04 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Three-phase inverter for converting DC power from a generator into three-phase AC power |
EP2192679A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Three-phase inverter for converting DC power from a generator into three-phase AC power |
EP2325984A1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | SMA Solar Technology AG | Start up of a photovoltiac field with high open circuit voltage |
WO2011064232A2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2011-06-03 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Connecting a photovoltaic array at a high open circuit voltage |
US9331564B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2016-05-03 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Connecting a photovoltaic array at a high open circuit voltage |
DE102010000350A1 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-11 | FutureE Fuel Cell Solutions GmbH, 72622 | Power supply system with regenerative power source and method for operating a power supply system |
WO2011098471A2 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-18 | Futuree Fuel Cell Solutions Gmbh | Energy supply system with regenerative current source and method for operating an energy supply system |
DE102010000350B4 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2023-10-05 | Adkor Gmbh | Energy supply system with a renewable power source and method for operating an energy supply system |
US8395919B2 (en) | 2010-07-29 | 2013-03-12 | General Electric Company | Photovoltaic inverter system and method of starting same at high open-circuit voltage |
US8599586B2 (en) | 2010-08-28 | 2013-12-03 | General Electric Company | Power inverter system and method of starting same at high DC voltage |
DE102012100477C5 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2017-11-02 | Sma Solar Technology Ag | Shunt current measurement for multistring devices and interleaving converters |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 20060601 |
|
R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years |
Effective date: 20090303 |
|
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: INSTITUT FUER SOLARE ENERGIEVERSORGUNGSTECHNIK (ISET) VEREIN AN DER UNIVERSITAET KASSEL E.V., 34119 KASSEL, DE Effective date: 20091222 |
|
R151 | Utility model maintained after payment of second maintenance fee after six years |
Effective date: 20120328 |
|
R158 | Lapse of ip right after 8 years | ||
R158 | Lapse of ip right after 8 years |
Effective date: 20140801 |