DE202004004955U1 - Recording instrument for movement of upper jaw relative to skull, comprises upper frame and lower part with bite fork each supporting cooperating transmitter and receiver devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The upper part (1) of the instrument comprises an essentially U-shaped arm designed to be secured to the head at skull and bridge of the nose height, the arms (2) and web (3) being adaptable to different shaped heads. Adjustment devices (4), a support (5) for the bridge of the nose optionally provided with a levelling device and a holder (7) for the bite fork support (8) are provided on the web. Supports (10a) for auditory canal stoppers (10) are provided at the ends of the arms. Axle pins (11) are provided on the stoppers. A fastener device (12) extending over the top of the skull is connected to the two arms. A holder device (14) in contact with the nape of the neck and adjustable lateral spacer devices (15) which can be fixed into position are also mounted on the arms. Each arm has an upper sensor support (16) connected to it, the support having at least three upper transmitter or receiver devices (17) mounted on it in order to transmit or receive electron ic, optical or acoustic signals. A lower part (18) of the instrument comprises a bite fork (19), reference pins (20) and a lower sensor support (21) for a number of transmitter or receiver devices corresponding to that in the upper part of the instrument. Wires (24, 25) connect the transmitter and receiver devices in the upper and lower parts to a data processor.

Description

The present invention relates to a combination device for registering the movements of the lower jaw in terms of the skull on the one hand and for skull-appropriate transmission from upper jaw models into an articulator on the other hand.

The devices known so far to register the movements of the lower jaw in relation to the skull the exact recording of the joint movements of the lower jaw for diagnostic Purposes, i.e. statements about the pathological condition of the lower jaw joints can be taken. It is about the detection of abnormal movements of the jaw joints due to the influence of muscles and / or the disc (cartilage disc), to derive a therapy plan from the determined diagnosis, whereby the movements Measured directly in the joint area, recorded and using a computer in the desired one Values are output numerically and graphically.

Such a device for registering the movements of the lower jaw is commercially available under the trademark AXIOGRAPH and in its own German patent DE 44 41 991 C2 (Mack-12) by the applicant, to which express reference is made here for the sake of disclosure. It essentially consists of

• (a) one attached to the nasal saddle and temple area, adjustable top registration sheet with
• - nasal saddle support,
• - measuring / writing plates,
• - upper Reference indicator,
• - positioning devices with ear canal plugs and Mounting pin for the positioning of the lower registration sheet, whereby the positioning devices later by the measuring / writing plates are exchanged,
• - one vertically arranged vertical frame with support supports in the upper area with an adjustable crossbar to which the headrest is attached is connected, and the lower area with laterally adjustable and lockable side spacers are provided,
• - one to parallelize the side arms to the front distance of the side arms adjustable and attachable to the side arms rear U-shaped subframe from cross profile and lockable longitudinal profiles, and
• - one longitudinal finely adjustable and laterally displaceable nose saddle support, and
• - one Neck band on the one hand, and
• (b) a lower registration sheet, on the other hand, which over a spoon or a clamping device connected to the movable lower jaw is, where - the lower registration sheet on both side arms, that on the crossbar are attached, has devices in which a writing and measuring device is introduced, which is the continuous registration of movements allowed on all 3 levels, i.e. the vertical and horizontal Write down movements and at the same time the axial displacements the horizontal movements mechanically, electronically, acoustically or to measure optically and / or over an additional device allowed to record
• - the lower registration sheet for positioning on the mounting pin the positioning device of the upper registration sheet on the rear End of the guided through the fastening devices and locked by means of the locking screws Has retaining bushes that are attached to the mounting pin be and and
• - to attaching the spoon or the attachment of a corresponding clamping device on the lower jaw and after positioning the top registration sheet and of the lower registration sheet through the positioning devices the measuring / writing plates and the holding bushes on the lower registration sheet be replaced by the writing and measuring devices.

The disadvantage of this device was Perceived fact that the lower registration sheet exactly to the top registration sheet must be positioned, for what, as the above versions show a relatively large mechanical effort required is. Only with such a precise positioning can the joint movements of the Lower jaw directly in the joint area with the required accuracy be recorded.

Object of the present invention it is therefore to design such devices (axiographs) in such a way that without such a big one mechanical effort recorded the entire lower jaw movements can be and that as well the upper registration sheet functions as a normal anatomical transfer sheet fulfill can.

A common anatomical transfer sheet is, for example, in its own German patent DE 30 32 913 C2 (Mack-3) in connection with its own German published application DE 101 42 139 A1 (Mack-18), to which full reference is made for the sake of disclosure.

The anatomical transfer sheet is used to transfer the reference plane (which is formed by the imaginary linear connection of three anatomical reference points on the patient's skull base) from the patient to the articulator, in order to make the jaw models produced by impressions skull-appropriate, i.e. correct in terms of coordinate with respect to the patient Skull in the articulator (Simula gate). This is the only way to correctly simulate the functions of the movable lower jaw to the upper jaw, which is fixed relative to the lower jaw. The three anatomical reference points are determined by the two outer auditory canals and the nasal saddle.

Skull-friendly in the articulator assembled models are therefore also an integral part of Diagnostics and therapy. For setting the occlusal plane, from Condylar path angles, based on statistical averages and above all for the Assembly with centric registration is the correct spatial relationship of the models Requirement for the reference level.

The reference points for the reference plane (Frankfurt Horizontal) are the highest Points of the two outer ear canals (Porion) and the lowest point of the bony Framing the eye socket (Orbitals).

The bite fork holder remains in a symmetrical position by means of optimized pivot points of the swiveling side arms of the anatomical transfer sheet. The bite fork carrier preferably consists of a three-dimensionally adjustable mechanical connection of rods and clamps, in particular of a gimbal connection (see here DE 195 30 536 A1 (Mack-15) and DE 101 14 798 A1 (Mack 17).

The nasal saddle support that on which the nasal saddle serves as a reference point is the Distance to the reference plane and ensures that the anatomical Transfer arch lies at the correct distance from the patient's orbital. Using the two ear plugs (ear olives) on the transfer sheet the anatomical transfer sheet is oriented to the Porion reference points (Porion is the highest point of the outer Meatus).

Because of the aesthetic feeling, in Dentistry required that the line of the cutting edges of the Maxillary teeth parallel to the connecting line of the pupil centers (interpupillary line) lies and that the resulting from the impression of the upper jaw Upper jaw model in the same (correct coordinate) position from skull transferred to the articulator becomes.

For this reason, the anatomical transfer sheet shows preferably additionally a bearing device for its alignment according to the interpupillary line on.

With this also on the anatomical transfer sheet attached bearing device (leveling aid) it is possible to simple way the anatomical transfer arch, which is inserted into the two outer ear canals and lies on the nasal saddle, parallel to the interpupillary line readjust (fine adjustment).

This leveling device is preferably a Dipstick that is parallel on both sides of the mounting part of the nose support protrudes towards the middle section.

In addition to the task defined at the beginning it is therefore an object of the present invention, a conventional one to equip the anatomical transfer sheet so that it, in turn, also as a device for registering the movements of the lower jaw in relation to the skull can serve.

The two tasks specified above are achieved according to the present invention in that the registration of the entire lower jaw movements is no longer carried out only in the joint area, but rather the three-dimensional movements of the entire lower jaw itself are recorded in relation to the skull. According to the present invention, this is achieved in that the two side arms of the upper registration sheet (upper part) of the axiograph or of the transfer sheet are each equipped with an upper sensor carrier device, which has at least three transmitting or receiving devices for transmitting or receiving electronic, optical or acoustic signals, and the lower registration sheet of the AXIOGRAPH ^® or the bite fork holder with the bite fork of the anatomical transfer sheet is replaced by a lower part provided with a spoon (with which the lower part is attached to the lower jaw) to which a lower sensor carrier device is attached which carries the receiving or transmitting devices corresponding to the transmitting or receiving devices in the upper part, which are connected to the data processing system via corresponding lines or other data transmission devices, for example via radio.

With such an arrangement the mechanically very complex positioning and coupling of the lower one Registration sheet with the upper registration sheet is omitted. You get on this Way with the registration sheet (upper part) carrying the upper sensors and the sensor-carrying lower part a non-contact electronic, optical or acoustic registration device, which can also be called a "sensor axiograph". Similarly, the anatomical transfer sheet is in one Supplemented upper part with appropriate sensor support, the then also with the lower part described above, which the lower sensor support device wearing, as a "sensor axiograph" for three-dimensional Detection of all lower jaw movements can be used.

Because on the upper registration sheet (upper part) of the Axiograph not just the sensor support devices were installed, but also a device in the front area to hold a bite fork holder with bite fork, the upper part of the new "sensor axiograph" can be attached by attaching the bite fork holder the bite fork perform the function of an anatomical transfer sheet.

The present invention thus relates to a combination device for registering the movements of the lower jaw in relation to the Skull on the one hand and for the skull-appropriate transfer of upper jaw models into an articulator on the other hand, which essentially consists of

• (a) an upper part that is on the head at the level of the nasal saddle and the temples is created and essentially from a U-shaped frame with the two Side parts and the cross part, that of the respective head shape can be adjusted and the adjusting devices on its cross part, a nasal saddle support, if necessary with leveling device, a device for receiving a bite fork holder with Bite fork and which continues in the end areas of the two Side panels with facilities for the ear canal plugs, with Axle pins, with one over the skullcap extending fastening device, with one against the neck Bracket device and laterally adjustable and lockable Pages spacers equipped is and finally on the two side parts, each with an upper sensor support device is equipped, the at least three upper transmitting or receiving devices for sending or receiving electronic, optical or acoustic Carries signals, the above appropriate lines or other data transmission equipment with the data processing system are connected, and
• (b) a lower part consisting of a bite fork and reference pins and a lower sensor carrier device, which the the upper transmitting or receiving devices in the upper part corresponding reception or transmission facilities that also about appropriate lines or other data transmission equipment with are connected to the data processing system.

A preferred embodiment of the combination device according to the invention, which is derived from the upper registration sheet of the axiograph, is shown in FIGS 1 and 2 and is characterized in that the two side arms of the U-shaped frame of the upper part are slidably mounted parallel to one another on a front transverse rod, the ends of the side arms being additionally connected to a vertically arranged vertical frame, the support supports of which, for the purpose of non-displaceable positioning of the upper part on the head in the upper area with an adjustable crossbar, to which the headrest is attached, are connected and in the lower area with side adjustable and lockable side spacers.

A further preferred embodiment according to the present invention, which is derived from the anatomical transfer sheet, is shown in FIGS 3 to 5 shown and is characterized in that the U-shaped frame of the upper part of the combination device consists essentially of two L-shaped side arms, which are connected in the front area via pivot bearings with a base plate at two opposite peripheral pivot points, and in the overlapping area of the ends of the cross legs the L-shaped side arms can be locked, whereby

• (a) the pivot bearings in the respective L-bend of the L-shaped Side arms are arranged, and
• (b) the base plate in the middle between the pivot bearings Has elongated hole, the longitudinal edges of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the upper part and through which the locking device, the the free ends of the cross legs are rotatable in the overlap area but penetrates securely, protrudes through.

The invention is based on the 1 to 5 that are understandable in themselves, but without restricting them. All the details shown in the figures belong to the disclosure according to the invention, as do the explanations in the protective rights of the applicant cited at the beginning.

In the 1 to 5 the reference symbols have the following meaning:

1

top

2

side panels of the U-shaped frame

3

cross section of the U-shaped frame

4

adjustment

5

Nose saddle-support

6

leveling

7

Facility to hold the bite fork holder

8th

Bite fork carrier

9

bitefork

10

Ear-plugs

10a

Ear canal Peg carrier device

10b

drilling for ear canal plugs

1 1

axle pin

12

yourself about the skullcap extending fastening device

13

Carrier for the nose saddle support 5

14

at the Neck fitting fitting

15

lockable Side spacer

16

upper Sensors support means

17

upper Sending or receiving device

18

lower part

19

Spoon for Attachment to the lower jaw

20

reference pins

21

lower Sensors support means

22

lower Sending or receiving device

23

crossbar of the U-shaped frame

24.25

cables to the data processing system

31

Beam supports of the vertical frame

32

crossbar of the vertical frame

33

head rest

50.51

Cross leg of the L-shaped side parts 2

52.53

pivot bearing

54

baseplate

55

locking device

1 shows the combination device according to the invention, the upper part 1 has the upper registration sheet of the device for detecting the lower jaw movements according to the conventional axiograph, in a perspective view with the upper part 1 , the lower part 18 and the bite fork holder 8th with bite fork 9 ,

top 1 and lower part 18 are with the upper and lower sensor support devices 16 . 21 that the sending or receiving devices 17 . 22 wear, equipped. After putting the top part 1 on the head, the bottom part 18 by means of the bite fork 19 attached to the lower jaw.

Both the upper transmitting and receiving devices 17 as well as the lower transmitting and receiving devices 22 are by means of the lines 24 and 25 connected to the data processing system.

The sending and receiving devices 17 . 22 are designed so that either electronic, optical or acoustic signals can be sent or received. According to a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, an ultrasound system is used, the transmission devices in the upper part 1 and the receiving devices in the lower part 18 are arranged. The arrangement can just as well be reversed, so that the transmission devices are located in the lower part 18 and the receiving devices in the upper part 1 are located. The ultrasound system works contactlessly and parallel to the reference plane Porion-Orbitale = Frankfurt horizontal or axis-orbital plane and ensures correct and coordinate-correct measurement of articular paths and anterior tooth guides. The electronics compare the runtime measurements of the sensors. Similar to satellite navigation, the position and path of the movements of the lower jaw can be calculated from this using the data processing system.

The data processing system provides as well as Patients as well for different practitioners or projects one clear assignment. It is possible to import and export data from / to other systems.

Should the top 1 serve as an anatomical transfer sheet, so the bite fork carrier 8th with the bite fork 9 on the top part 1 in the transverse area 3 located facility 7 attached to accommodate the bite fork holder.

2 shows the device according to the invention in a schematic representation on the head of a patient. You can clearly see the top 1 , which corresponds to the upper registration sheet of the axiograph, with its side part 2 , its vertical frame with the support supports 31 , the crossbar 32 and the headrest 33 , You can also see on the front of the top 1 the adjustable nose pad support 5 that can be finely adjusted using a spindle. At the lower end of the beam support 31 you can see the bracket attached to it, brought to rest on the neck 14 (eg rubber band), which is led around the back of the patient to the other side part. This gives the top part 1 that on the nose by means of the nasal saddle support 5 rests with the spacers 15 and the headrest 33 a firm hold on the head. On this top 1 is clearly the upper sensor support device 16 with the upper transmitting or receiving devices 17 seen.

You can also see this with a spoon 19 lower part attached to the lower jaw 18 with the lower sensor carrier device, which the the upper transmitting or receiving devices 17 corresponding lower transmit or receiving devices 22 wearing.

3 shows the combination device according to the invention according to claim 3, wherein the upper part 1 derived from the anatomical transfer sheet, consisting of the upper part 1, the lower part 18 and the bite fork holder 8th with bite fork 9 ,

top 1 and lower part 18 are as in the embodiment according to 1 with upper and lower sensor support devices 16 . 21 that the broadcast or receiving devices 17 . 22 wear, equipped. After putting the top part 1 on the head, the bottom part 18 using the spoon 19 attached to the lower jaw.

Also in this embodiment the ultrasound system is preferably used.

Should the top 1 serve as an anatomical transfer sheet, so the bite fork carrier 8th with the bite fork 9 on the top part 1 in the transverse area 3 located facility 7 attached to accommodate the bite fork holder.

4 shows a schematic representation of a side view of a human skull with attached combination device from the upper part 1 and lower part 18 according to 3 with the corresponding reference numerals, the meaning of which is given above, so that a more detailed explanation of the 4 unnecessary.

5 shows a schematic representation of a front view of a human skull with attached combination device from the upper part 1 and lower part 18 according to 3 with the corresponding reference numerals, the meaning of which is given above, so that a more detailed explanation of the 5 unnecessary.

Claims (3)

Combination device for registering the movements of the lower jaw in relation to the skull on the one hand and for transferring upper jaw models into an articulator on the other hand, consisting essentially of (a) an upper part ( 1 ), which is placed on the head at the level of the nasal saddle and the temples and essentially consists of a U-shaped frame with the two side parts ( 2 ) and the cross section ( 3 ) which can be adapted to the respective head shape and which on its cross section ( 3 ) Adjustment devices ( 4 ), a nasal saddle support ( 5 ), if necessary with leveling device ( 6 ), An institution ( 7 ) to hold a bite fork holder ( 8th ) with bite fork ( 9 ) and which continues in the end areas of the two side parts ( 2 ) with facilities ( 10a . 10b ) for the ear canal plugs ( 10 ), with axle pins ( 11 ), with a fastening device extending over the top of the skull ( 12 ), with a support device attached to the neck ( 14 ) and laterally adjustable and lockable side spacers ( 15 ) and which is finally on the two side parts ( 2 ) each with an upper sensor support device ( 16 ) is equipped with at least three upper transmitting or receiving devices ( 17 ) for sending or receiving electronic, optical or acoustic signals via corresponding lines ( 24 ) are connected to the data processing system, and (b) a lower part ( 18 ), consisting of a bite fork ( 19 ), Reference pens ( 20 ) and a lower sensor carrier device ( 21 ), which the upper transmitting or receiving devices ( 17 ) in the upper part ( 1 ) corresponding receiving or transmitting devices ( 22 ), which also has corresponding lines ( 25 ) are connected to the data processing system. Combination device according to claim 1, corresponding to the 1 and 2 , characterized in that the two side parts ( 2 ) of the U-shaped frame of the upper part ( 1 ) parallel to each other on the cross member ( 3 ) are slidably mounted, the side parts ( 2 ) for the purpose of secure positioning of the upper part ( 1 ) are connected at the head to a vertically arranged vertical frame, which extends over the top of the skull and whose support supports ( 31 ) in the upper area with an adjustable cross bar ( 32 ) on which the headrest ( 33 ) is attached, connected and in the lower area with laterally adjustable and lockable side spacers ( 15 ) are provided. Combination device according to claim 1, corresponding to the 3 and 4 , characterized in that the U-shaped frame of the upper part ( 1 ) essentially consists of two L-shaped side parts ( 2 ) with the cross legs ( 50 . 51 ) through the cross legs ( 50 . 51 ) formed cross part ( 3 ) via pivot bearing ( 52 . 53 ) with a base plate ( 54 ) connected at two opposite peripheral pivot points in a scissor-like manner and in the overlapping area of the ends of the cross legs ( 50 . 51 ) of the L-shaped side parts ( 2 ) can be locked, whereby (a) the pivot bearings ( 52 . 53 ) in the respective L-bend of the L-shaped side parts ( 2 ) are arranged, and (b) the base plate ( 54 ) in the middle between the pivot bearings ( 52 . 53 ) has an elongated hole, the longitudinal edges of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the upper part ( 1 ) and through which the locking device ( 55 ), the free ends of the cross legs ( 50 . 51 ) rotates in the overlap area but penetrates securely, protrudes.