DE202004004621U1 - Floor cover for washing places comprises a top layer consisting of a compound of an organic glue and added mineral particles within a specified size range - Google Patents

Abstract

The floor cover (1) for washing places (4) comprises a top layer consisting of a compound of an organic glue and added mineral particles measuring from 1 to 7 mm. Independent claims are also included for (a) a washing place for motor vehicles (b) a washing installation for wet cleaning of motor vehicles.

Description

The invention relates to a floor covering for washing places for Application on a building ground or substructure. Further concerns the Invention a washing system and a washing area for wet cleaning of motor vehicles, the floor of which at least partially with a floor covering and with a drain for the disposal of the dirty water is provided.

The attachment of surfaces by Flooring for the production of roads, squares, building covers and other areas that can be walked on or driven over is a well-known technique. Are common Concrete, asphalt, stone and wood coverings. Disadvantageous for the removal of surface water is the low or no water permeability.

Another property of a flooring affects the inherent Risk of slipping when walking or driving on floor coverings. To the leaflet for Floors in workrooms and Work areas with a risk of slipping, published by the Federal Association the accident insurance company, Fockensteinstraße 1, 81539 Munich, www.unfallkassen.de become frequency and severity of falls mostly underestimated. According to the statistical documents of the accident insurance institutions Stumbling, slipping and falling accidents in operational activities for years at the top of the accident scene. Slipping accidents e.g. of the material and surface structure of the flooring and influenced by the degree of pollution caused by lubricants.

Further requirements are regarding soils constructional properties. These concern behavior in the event of moisture, resistance to pests, acoustic properties, Behavior against chemical influences and against fire. The durability of a floor plays the most important role Requirement a big one Role, whereby properties such as compressive strength, bending tensile strength, wear resistance against grinding, rolling, impact and Impact, resistance to pressing essential structural parameters represent.

Plastic grids have proven their worth for special applications, such as riding and sports field construction. Such grids are from the DE 197 20 006 C2 known. Thanks to the ingenious structure of elevations and openings, grid panels on the one hand enable surface mounting to be walked on or driven on, and on the other hand they prevent sealing due to their ability to regulate water.

In workrooms, work areas and Traffic routes whose floors are under circumstances usage-related with gliding Media come into contact, the risk of slipping reduce. Particularly high demands on the slip resistance of a Floor coverings are used, for example, for floor coverings by workshops for vehicle maintenance required. At wash stations for example, make sure that the cleaning water and -means can drain into a suitable sewage system. Coming as flooring from washing areas mostly rough or profiled floor coverings such as ceramic tiles and slabs, natural or cast stone slabs, mineral screeds Components with cement as a binder, synthetic resin coatings, Resin screeds, plastic gratings, metal gratings and sheets and elastic flooring to use.

Draining the liquids usually takes place via a catch basin that over a drainage of the fluid collects or disposed of. To help operators fall into the catch basin preserve, this is about covered a grating, which usually ends flush with the flooring. adversely is in such applications that the topping is damp for some time after washing stay and pose a risk of slipping. There is also a slope in the flooring necessary with it the liquid drain to the collecting grate can, this increases the effort involved in laying the covering. Due to their design, such Flooring at wash stations too big Construction heights.

A flooring with excellent anti-slip properties is from the patent application with the Case number 10 2004 006 165.3 known. The superstructure of the flooring is made from open-pore mineral aggregates educated. The open-pore surface offers good anti-slip properties.

Based on this, it is the task the invention, a generic flooring to indicate for washing places, which is quick and easy to lay and the risk of slipping at any time keeps low. There is also a generic washing area to designate the construction effort for the absorption of the liquids or the dirty water from the floor covering. In addition, one Washer to indicate the operation with high operating safety and if possible low noise emissions allowed.

According to the invention, the task is as regards of the floor covering solved by the features of claim 1. Therefore the superstructure of the floor covering shows a combination of mineral aggregates and an organic adhesive. The grain size of the aggregates is 1 to 7 mm.

The environment and the environmental influences to which the surface of the floor covering is exposed are essential for the mechanisms of action of the floor covering according to the invention. In order to be able to walk safely on a floor, for example, certain friction values must exist between the shoe and the floor covering. Slip-promoting substances such as dirty water or detergents have a negative influence on the friction conditions; the non-slip forces that can be transferred to the floor by the shoe are getting smaller. The same also applies to the friction pairing between vehicle tires and the ground. The degree of degradation of the transferable forces is particularly dependent on the consistency and amount of the respective gliding agent that reaches the floor. For floor coverings with a flat, smooth surface, water and moisture, for example, can significantly reduce the friction values compared to the dry state. In work rooms and areas that can be entered directly from the outside, rain shoe wet soles or snow and adhering scatter material with granular structure have a corresponding effect. In work rooms and areas that can be accessed directly from the outside through entrances, the risk of slipping depends, among other things, on the type and size of upstream dirt and moisture sensors. This is where the mechanisms of action of the invention begin.

Due to the structure according to the invention of the covering from the superstructure and substructure results in a superstructure that extremely high water permeability due to the design's high porosity having. this leads to in operation, i.e. when liquids hit for immediate seepage from the surface into the superstructure and then meets the substructure. The substructure is then with appropriate water-bearing Shaping the liquid to lead to a collection point from where the liquid can be transported or disposed of further. As a consequence, that the surface no wetness of the superstructure can hold, because unlike those known from the prior art floor coverings form on the surface no puddles because the surface tension of Water or known washing substances is not sufficient to get on the porous surface in the form of puddles to keep. So surface wetness separates as slip-promoting Medium as the cause of a risk of slipping.

Another major advantage of the flooring according to the invention lies in the good slip resistance due to the open-pore surface structure of the superstructure. The granular aggregates glued together work as a displacement space, the the slip-promoting Absorbs substances. As a displacement space A floor covering becomes the cavity that is open towards the walking or driving level understood below the level. The multitude of fine-pored air chambers between the granular aggregates form this displacement space, which also results in the high slip resistance. Have attempts shown that the slip resistance of the flooring according to the invention reached rating group R13.

The R value identifies one Flooring the level of slip resistance and is used in the inspection process determined according to DIN 51130. It is classified in one of five rating groups (R9 to R13). The rating group serves as the level of slip resistance, with rubbers with of evaluation group R9 the smallest the smallest and with the Rating group R13 the highest Slip resistance requirements are sufficient.

Another improvement brings about the invention with regard to the water regulation ability of Flooring. Especially when used in automatic washing systems with occasionally high wash water delivery the superstructure can absorb large amounts of water at short notice. So the surface water is above the Forwarded through the superstructure to the substructure and horizontally distributed. This drainage ability is due to the high proportion of voids in the superstructure.

The flooring has another, Property that has so far received little attention in the prior art: The great The proportion of voids in the superstructure of preferably up to 45% leads to a excellent sound absorption. This can reduce noise especially when used in car washes. Especially close leads from residential areas the operation of car washes due to noise pollution often leads to complaints from the neighboring citizens.

Tests have also shown that the floor covering according to the invention has excellent water absorption values. In a field study based on DIN 18 035-6, sections 5.1.6.3 and 5.1.6.2, the water absorption values of the floor covering were determined and compared with the values of a conventional water-permeable floor covering. The requirements of DIN 18 035-6 were exceeded many times over. A sample with a layer thickness d _{O of} the superstructure of 47 mm produced a water absorption value k * = 0.51 cm / s. The requirement according to DIN 18 035-6, table 3 is> 0.01 cm / s.

Cheap Layer thicknesses for the superstructure with regard to pressure resistance and good water permeability are between 30 and 60 mm. Of course, lower values are also possible, then cut back on the compressive strength Need to become. Larger layer thicknesses for the Superstructure brings for the pressure resilience only minor improvements and increases the cost for one Flooring. The optimum for most applications is thus above mentioned area.

The grain size of the aggregates has a further influence on the seepage performance of the floor covering. Additives with an average grain size of between 3 and 5 mm are particularly preferred. As previously mentioned, the construction of the floor covering according to the invention has a favorable influence on the mechanical strength values, so that values of over 5 mm are possible for the average size of the grain without a significantly increased risk of breakage. With the seepage capacity can be further increased with this grain diameter. In addition, with these values, the drop in infiltration capacity due to the entry of mineral and organic fines remains small over time.

It is known to according to the grain size distribution To define DIN 66145. The parameter n is at least 9 and will neglecting of 1% oversize each and undersize.

Very often is for a visually appealing Design of floor coverings a coloring of the floors desired. Through the use of colored quartz sand or natural stones as an aggregate can be found under 200 color variations selected be so that the color design of a floor covering is practical there are no limits. Architects in particular know this color Use effects effectively and can, for example, on consider the color scheme of a petrol station chain and accordingly the CI of the mineral oil company make a corresponding color match for floor coverings in car washes.

The grain size distribution of the mineral aggregates in the superstructure has another favorable influence on the water absorption value of the soil. Proven average grain sizes k _aggregate of mineral aggregates are in a range between 1 to 3 mm, 2 to 3 mm, 2 to 4 mm, 2 to 5 mm or 3 to 7 mm. This means that the superstructure consists of mineral aggregates with different grain sizes, the grain size being in one of the ranges mentioned.

The adhesive is preferably a two-component polyurethane adhesive. As well A two-component epoxy resin or a one-component polyurethane adhesive can be used. Two-component epoxy adhesives are, for example, from Koch Marmorit under the brand name Cryorite offered. Especially when using the floor covering according to the invention at washplaces for motor vehicles should the adhesive be detergent and fuel resistant, so that the superstructure is not damaged.

A major advantage at Use of two-component epoxy resin adhesive is in its environmental sustainability seen. The floor covering according to the invention has no toxic effects on mold, for example and is considered to be difficult to biodegrade. Still can substances that can be eluted from the floor covering are degraded well, such as material tests have shown. As washing tests prove, there are no chemical ones Interaction between surface water and the covering materials. Finally can the flooring according to the invention after its use phase in an earth or gravel washing plant be disposed of without negative environmental impact. Alternative is after crushing it can also be reused as granules possible.

When processing the adhesive a distinction is made between two methods. Should they be grit or Sand components of the superstructure are stabilized, so they are advantageous on site with the previously homogenized Binder mixed and applied. When stabilizing gravel or other coarser Epoxy resin or polyurethane and hardener are also pre-granulated Place mixed and in liquid Form sprayed onto the substructure.

Allow the mentioned adhesives due to the high adhesive strength, connections of any aggregates due to very good adhesion in the adhesive and capillary effective area. This contributes to the static mentioned and dynamic pressure resistance of the flooring. Especially effective for high resilience is the bonding of adjacent layers of the superstructure and substructure, so that the flooring is also heavy Vehicles can be driven on.

Is preferably between top and Substructure a water-bearing Interface provided. The separation layer enables the superstructure to be separated from the substructure, the discharge of the dirty water from the superstructure through the interface he follows. In addition, it is avoided that the substructure is sometimes aggressive Components of the dirty water is exposed. Also with a risk of cracking associated with the introduction of dirty water prevented in the substructure.

According to the invention, the task is as regards the washing area for wet cleaning of vehicles by the features of claim 12 solved. Accordingly, the washing area has a floor that is at least partially covered a floor covering and with a drain for the disposal of the dirty water is provided. The superstructure of the flooring is a connection compressed, mineral aggregates and an organic Glue, the grain of the aggregates is 1 to 7 mm. The substructure is laid with a slope and the process is provided at a low point. The substructure also supports the open-pore superstructure.

The advantages with the washing area according to the invention were previously described in connection with the floor covering, is part of the washing area. The invention is suitable in a special way for washing places of car washes according to the portal or drive-through construction.

With regard to the washing system for wet cleaning of motor vehicles, the object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 21. Accordingly, the washing installation has a covered treatment room, which is at least partially delimited from the surroundings. A device for mechanical washing and / or drying of one must be cleaned in the treatment room arranged motor vehicle. The washing installation has a washing area according to one of claims 12 to 20 or a floor covering according to one of claims 1 to 11.

The production of the floor covering takes place after the following process steps:

• - Apply the substructure or grinding an existing substructure,
• - fill a gradient on the substructure,
• - Apply of the superstructure from a still deformable mixture of aggregates and glue on the substructure,
• - condense of the still deformable mixture and
• - curing the Superstructure.

The advantages of the process for producing the Floor coverings are quick and therefore inexpensive Can be installed and in the easy-to-use components.

Further advantageous embodiments the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawing explained. It shows:

1 a schematic plan view of a washing system for wet cleaning of cars and

2 a cross section through the flooring of the car wash according to section AB.

The 1 and 2 show a schematic representation of the washing system according to the invention for wet cleaning of passenger cars (cars), the floor covering 1 an upper and a lower structure 2 respectively. 3 having. The rectangular washing area in the floor plan 4 the car wash is housed in a roofed treatment room, not shown. There is also a mechanical device in the treatment room 5 housed for washing and drying passenger cars.

The mechanical device 5 is designed according to the portal construction and accordingly along two parallel, in the substructure 3 attached guide rails 6 movable in order to be able to process the entire length of the vehicle, not shown, to be cleaned. The mechanical device is parked in the idle state 5 in an end area of the washing area. The mechanical device 5 extends with its portal transverse to the direction of travel F or to the guide rails 6 , Spaced apart in the transverse direction, two are in the 1 schematically shown cleaning brushes 7 arranged.

The vehicle to be cleaned can be on one of the two narrow sides of the washing area 4 drive into the car wash and extend again on the opposite narrow side. In order to enable the driver to position the vehicle as centrally as possible, there are two lanes of contrasting color, spaced apart from one another 8th in the flooring 1 admitted. The lanes 8th are centrally located between and parallel to the guide rails 6 , so that to achieve a uniformly good washing result, the vehicle with its longitudinal axis as parallel as possible to the direction of travel F of the mechanical device 5 is aligned.

The two lanes 8th pass through the washing area 4 in its longitudinal direction and are each of a grating 9a interrupted, the width of the width of the lane 8th equivalent.

In the middle between the two lanes 8th located, the drain is in an end area of the washing area 10 arranged to collect the washing or dirty water. The procedure is to avoid the risk of injury 10 with a rectangular grating 9b covered, as in 2 to see, flush with the superstructure 2 concludes. The sequence 10 falls with a low point of the substructure 3 together. To dirty water, which is in the water catchment area of the washing area 4 on the superstructure 2 meets and seeps through this and centrally the process 10 feed is the substructure 3 laid with a slope. Like in the 1 schematically with the diagonally across the wash area 4 running dashed lines, the lowest point of the substructure is 3 and thus the process 10 approximately in the middle of the rest position half of the washing area 4 ,

How to continue 2 the process is clear 10 with a waste water treatment plant 11 for separating oil and fuel residues in connection.

Is clearly visible in 2 the layered construction of the floor covering 1 in section A – B through the water collection area of the washing area. The substructure laid with a slope, as mentioned 3 is made of screed. On the base 3 is a plastic mat that serves as a water-bearing separating layer 12 hung up. The plastic mat 12 is laid floating, that is, it is not glued. For decoupling the upper and lower structure 2 respectively. 3 absorbs these different movements between the supporting structure and the covering and thus prevents tension and cracks in the substructure 3 in front. The plastic mat 12 consists of longitudinal channels that are connected to each other by cross channels. In these channels, which are provided with small openings on the upper side, penetrating water can be drained off via joints. As a result, the typical unsightly efflorescence or covering detachments in the substructure no longer occur 3 , The height of the plastic mat 12 is about 16 mm. Such plastic mats 12 are for example under the brand name Watec 3E available from Gutjahr.

On the plastic mat 12 the superstructure rests 2 , As a superstructure 2 of the flooring 1 serves a combination of compressed, mineral additives and an organic, detergent and fuel resistant adhesive. The grain size of the aggregates lies between 2 and 5 mm and includes a mixture of round and angular grain.

For processing, a batch of glue and additives is first set up, which are mixed together. The adhesive is a two-component epoxy resin adhesive. After the batch has been prepared, the mixture is processed quickly as long as it is still deformable and not hardened. The superstructure 2 has a layer thickness d _O of an average of about 50 mm after compaction, the layer thickness d _O corresponding to the local height of the substructure 3 varied. After compaction, the superstructure hardens 2 , After that is the flooring 1 resilient.

For the area of lanes 7 colored aggregates are used.

About the wastewater from the Oberau in the water catchment area 2 the expiry 9 is to be fed in the superstructure around the box-shaped drain 9 an edge 13 formed from an angle iron. There are openings in the angle iron for this purpose 14 brought in. The angle irons end below the surface of the superstructure 2 ,

1

Flooring

2

superstructure

3

substructure

4

Basin

5

mechanical Facility

6

guide rail

7

cleaning brush

8th

lane

9a 9b

grating

10

procedure

11

Wastewater treatment plant

12

Plastic mat

13

edge

14

opening

Claims (21)

Flooring for washing areas for application to a building site or substructure ( 2 ), characterized in that the superstructure ( 3 ) of the flooring ( 1 ) is a combination of mineral additives and an organic adhesive, the grain size of the additives 1 is up to 7 mm. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the average layer thickness d _{O of} the superstructure ( 3 ) Is 30 to 60mm. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grain of the additives 3 is up to 5 mm. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the aggregates of the superstructure ( 3 ) is colored and the colored portion preferably consists of quartz sand. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity portion of the superstructure ( 3 ) is up to 45%. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the mineral aggregates are a selection made of quartzite, granite, basalt and quartz. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mineral aggregates have a narrow grain size distribution, the average size d _{K of} the grain in a range between 1 to 3 mm, 2 to 3 mm, 2 to 4 mm, 2 to 5 mm or 3 to 7 mm and the grain size distribution is defined by the parameter n ≥ 9, determined according to DIN 66145, neglecting 1% oversize and undersize. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the mineral aggregates are a mixture from round grain and at least a share of 20% angular grain having. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the adhesive is a two-component epoxy resin or is a one-component polyurethane or a two-component polyurethane adhesive. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floor covering ( 1 ) a substructure ( 3 ) made of screed. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the upper and lower structure ( 2 or 3) a water-bearing separating layer is provided. Washing area for wet cleaning of motor vehicles, the floor of which is covered at least in part with a floor covering ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims and with a sequence ( 10 ) for the disposal of the dirty water, characterized in that the floor covering ( 1 ) - a substructure ( 3 ) with a slope, at the lowest point of which the drain ( 10 ) is provided and - the substructure ( 3 ) the open-pore superstructure ( 2 ) wearing. Washing area according to claim 12, characterized in that the superstructure ( 2 ) a water catching and a driving area, the driving area of two parallel lane-shaped lanes ( 8th ) is formed, the color of which is different from the color of the adjacent water catchment area. Washing place according to claim 13, characterized in that the lanes ( 7 ) one each on the substructure ( 3 ) fortified border ( 13 ) exhibit. Washing area according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that between the discharge ( 10 ) and the superstructure ( 2 ) a water-permeable connection is provided in the water catchment area. Washing place according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that between the lanes ( 8th ) the sequence ( 10 ) is arranged. Washing area according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the drain ( 10 ) one in the superstructure ( 2 ) introduced closed edge ( 13 ), which is used to absorb the dirty water from the superstructure ( 2 ) Openings ( 14 ) having. Washing area according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the edge ( 13 ) and / or the process ( 10 ) with the superstructure ( 2 ) is flush with the surface. Washing place according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the outlet ( 10 ) has a rectangular outline. Washing station according to one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that the washing station guide rails ( 6 ) on the substructure ( 3 ) are attached and over the superstructure ( 2 ) protrude at least in sections. Washing system for wet cleaning of motor vehicles with a roofed treatment room, at least partially delimited from the surroundings, and a device arranged in the treatment room ( 5 ) for mechanical washing and / or drying of a motor vehicle to be cleaned, characterized in that the washing system has a washing station according to one of Claims 12 to 20 or a floor covering ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11.