DE20200346U1 - Smooth yarn with a high lightening capacity and textile floor covering with reinforced fabric look - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER Description Smooth yarn with high lightening power and

textile floor covering with reinforced fabric look

The invention relates to a smooth yarn with a high brightening power, which is suitable for use in textile fabrics, preferably in textile floor coverings, and the use of the same in a textile floor covering which is characterized by an enhanced textile fabric appearance.

Yarns made from textile fibers are known in the state of the art. The textile fibers are too fine, too weak and in many cases too short to be used directly as textile threads. Therefore, more or less many of them are combined to form a long, durable thread, which is called yarn. Smooth yarns are, for example, spun yarn, which are produced by spinning, for example by twisting together ordered, staple-length textile fibers or chemical fibers to form a spun yarn.

The traditional colors are used in fabrics, e.g. in textile floor coverings, which are regularly colored. In order to achieve the color design of the traditional

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PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

In order to reinforce the fabric, however, yarns are desired which should have a metal-like structure and the aesthetic effect of the color combinations of the top of the fabric. In addition, a textile floor covering is known in the prior art which consists of a base fabric made up of filling warp threads, weft threads and binding warp threads. In addition, there is a pile or pile on the top of the fabric which can be provided by pile warps, pile weft and/or by a process of producing a warp velvet from a double layer of fabric. The pile formed by a warp velvet is formed, for example, by additional pile warps or &iacgr;&ogr; also called pile warp threads. These pile pile chains are led over rods which are arranged parallel to the end to form knobs or loops. At one end of these, a sharp knife can cut open the loops or pile chains which have been created when the rods are pulled out of the lower shed into the upper shed to form velour.

The textile fabric appearance of the textile floor covering is only caused by the color effect of the loops or velour as well as by the particularly contrasting color composition of the pile warp threads and, if applicable, by the other threads forming the base fabric.

The object of the invention is to provide a textile floor covering which can significantly enhance the colour design of the surface and brighten the surface. For example, since the textile floor covering is laid out in commercially used rooms, such as offices, etc., the frequently encountered inadequate and poor lighting of the rooms caused by the use of energy-saving lights results in the textile fabric appearance of the conventional textile floor fading.

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PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

the covering, which attempts to compensate for fading by using particularly contrasting colors.

Due to the fading of the textile fabric look, the colour design of the textile floor covering either fades into the background or becomes less prominent, or it forces the use of contrasting colour designs on the top side of the same, although there is a risk that a harmonious interaction of the colours of the textile fabric look is restricted.

Therefore, the provision of smooth yarns and a textile floor covering is desirable, which smooth yarns are characterized by a high brightening power and which textile floor coverings are characterized by an enhanced textile fabric appearance even when textile floor coverings are used in commercial spaces.

The problem is solved by the main claim and the auxiliary claims. The auxiliary claims relate to further embodiments and developments of the invention.

The invention relates to a smooth yarn with a high brightening power, which is suitable for use in textile fabrics, which has one or more filaments containing luster pigments, wherein the luster pigments contain at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

The invention also relates to a smooth yarn with a high brightening power, which is suitable for use in textile fabrics, preferably in a textile floor covering, producible or produced by

a) Mixing additives as spinneret dyes in a spinning melt to form a spinning liquid containing a concentrated plastic-polymer mixture which contains luster pigments, the luster pigments containing at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments (master batch process),

b) squeezing the spinning liquid through spinnerets using a melt spinning, wet spinning and/or dry spinning process and/or bicomponent fibre process to produce filaments and

c) cooling them,

d) stretching the filaments to increase their strength and

e) Twisting of the filaments to form smooth yarns.

Another object of the invention relates to a textile floor covering with a reinforced textile fabric appearance and permanent brightening ability with a base fabric comprising filling warp threads, weft threads and binding warp threads and a pile cover arranged on the upper side of the base fabric, which has a fiber pile, which is characterized in that the fiber pile has the above-mentioned smooth yarn.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

A textile floor covering can be provided, preferably using the rod weaving technique, by feeding filling warp threads, weft threads, binding warp threads and pile warp threads to a reed, which is characterized in that at least some of the pile warp threads and/or those of the base fabric have smooth yarns, which contain as luster pigments at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments, which smooth yarns can be produced by

a) mixing additives in a spinning melt to form a spinning liquid containing concentrated plastic mixtures which contains luster pigments, wherein the luster pigments contain at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments (= master batch process),

b) Extruding the spinning liquid through spinnerets using a melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning and/or bicomponent fibre process to produce filaments and

c) cooling them,

d) stretching the filaments to increase their strength and

e) Twisting of the filaments to form smooth yarns.

For the purposes of the invention, filaments also include continuous fibers in individual or bundled form.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

In the context of the invention, fibers are also understood to mean elongated aggregates whose molecules or crystallites are aligned in the same direction everywhere in a molecular longitudinal direction or a lattice line. The fibers can be, for example, fibrous structures of limited length or endless fibers (=filaments, see above).

The smooth yarn according to the invention comprises filaments which, as chemical fibers, can be composed, for example, of plastic-polymer mixtures such as PP, PS, PAN, PA, PC, PETP, for example polyethylene polymers, polyacrylic polymers and/or polyamide polymers.

The filaments also contain one or more additives. The additives are gloss pigments.

For the purposes of the invention, luster pigments are also understood to mean pigments that are insoluble in water and/or insoluble in organic solvents and/or organic-aqueous solvents and/or easily and/or difficultly dispersible.

The luster pigment contains at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments. The metallic effect pigments are preferably powdered metal particles of the two-component alloy type and/or the multi-component alloy type. The alloys contain aluminum and/or copper and at least one representative of the group comprising, for example, Fe, Ni, Mn, As, Zn, Sn and Si. The metal particles can, for example, be flake-shaped and/or flaky.

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PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

The metal effect pigments can be powdered flake- and/or scale-shaped metal particles, which can contain bronze pigments such as aluminum bronze, gold bronze and/or silver bronze. Pearlescent pigments can also be used, which are, for example, colorless flakes, which can be bismuth oxychloride compounds, titanium dioxide mica and/or lead compounds or mixtures thereof. Interference pigments can also be used, for example mother-of-pearl pigments or fire-colored metal bronzes. The bronze pigments can contain Al powder, gold bronze Cu and/or Cu-sn alloys and/or Cu-Zn alloys and silver bronze Cu-Zn-Ni alloys and/or Cu-Sn-Ni alloys.

The filaments, which can be spun into smooth yarns, contain, for example, bronze pigments, aluminum bronze pigments and/or patent bronze pigments as metal particles. The metal particles can preferably be heated in air at 150 ⁰ C to ensure color stability and/or the patent bronze can be additionally colored with dyes. The bronze pigments can be aluminum powder, gold bronze copper and/or copper-tin alloys and the silver bronze copper-tin-nickel alloys.

The smooth yarn according to the invention can be produced by adding luster pigments as a pre- and master mixture to a concentrated plastic mixture of a spinning melt and mixing them ( master batch process ). In this form of the conventional master batch process, the possibly small amounts of luster pigments or mixtures thereof required for further processing of the plastic polymers and the provision of the metallic-looking luster yarns according to the invention can be dosed more easily and precisely and also incorporated homogeneously.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

After the additives have been mixed with the concentrated plastic-polymer mixture of the spinning melt to form a spinning liquid, the spinning liquid is pressed out through spinnerets using a conventional process to produce filaments. After the spinning liquid containing the gloss pigments has been pressed out, for example using the melt, dry and/or wet spinning process, the filaments are pre-stretched to increase their strength after they have cooled, for example using an air stream or in a cold bath.

The stretching can also be carried out by a conventional method, for example by orienting the molecular chains in one direction by applying external force according to conventional methods. The stretching can also be carried out additionally or alternatively by external forces and / or heat.

In the sense of the invention, stretching is also understood to mean processes for increasing the strength of filaments, particularly in thermoplastic polymers such as PP, PS, PAN, PA/PC, PETP.

These can be subjected to tension and/or pressure in one or two directions in the solid state or during solidification. In this case, the chain segments of the macromolecules in the amorphous regions of the polymers can be aligned parallel (^oriented) in a more intensive manner. During subsequent heat-setting, sufficiently oriented regions can then crystallize in this arrangement.

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PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

When drawing the filaments, the filaments prepared after cooling can be guided over several godets, which wrap around the filaments to prevent them from slipping through. The filaments are also brought to a drawing temperature in a subsequent heating oven and/or heat bath. In so-called cold drawing, the filaments heat up at the constriction point due to the shearing that occurs inside.

Likewise, in a conventional process by heat-setting the pre-stretched filaments with a third set of godets, the filaments can be passed through a tempering section γ in which the elastic deformation components relax while maintaining the orientation.

After the filaments have been drawn, the filaments can be twisted or twisted into smooth yarns in a further step.

The smooth yarn according to the invention can be produced from, for example, longer, uncurled, parallel-arranged filaments in order to provide a fixed spinning twist. The fixed spinning twist is made possible by the smooth and closed surface structure of the smooth yarn according to the invention; furthermore, the smooth yarn according to the invention is characterized by sufficient tensile strength, which is particularly advantageous when the smooth yarn according to the invention is further processed into a textile floor covering.

It is also shown that the homogeneous mixing of the luster pigments in the pre- or base mixture of the spinning melt containing the concentrated plastic-polymer mixture makes it possible to achieve a durability of the metallic surface of the smooth yarn according to the invention.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

Furthermore, the smooth yarn according to the invention is characterized by sufficient durability due to the smooth and closed surface structure.

The smooth yarn according to the invention can consist of dense and pore-free filaments. The yarn according to the invention has a soapy and cold feel due to the use of uncrimped filaments, but the smooth surface of the yarn increases not only the brightening of the smooth yarn according to the invention through light reflections and possibly interference,

&iacgr;&ogr; but also leads to a significant increase in the dyeing effect of the products containing the smooth yarns according to the invention, such as textile floor coverings and other fabrics. The smooth yarn according to the invention can also be polygonal in cross-section, e.g. triangular, in order to increase the metallic luster of the same by means of matting effects.

Likewise, the smooth yarn according to the invention can be twisted or twisted together to form one or more yarns in order to further increase the tensile strength. Likewise, twisting or twisting the smooth yarns according to the invention together to form smooth yarn twists increases the durability and resilience of the textile floor coverings comprising the smooth yarn twists according to the invention.

The textile floor covering according to the invention has a base fabric in the lower shed, which has, for example, filling warp threads, weft threads and binding warp threads. The filling warp threads and weft threads are regularly arranged crossing one another. In addition, pile warp threads are fed to the base fabric, which can form the pile cover in the upper shed.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

In the sense of the invention, pile cover is also understood to mean a pile cover for the formation of velour and/or loop piles.

The pile cover can have a fiber pile which is made of pile warp threads, for example in the form of loop warps, for producing loops. The pile cover can also have pile warp threads which are cut open by pulling out the steel boards (= rods) using a conventional rod weaving process to form velour, for example in the form of velours or woven nubs.

The textile fabric appearance of the textile floor covering according to the invention is significantly brightened compared to conventional textile floor coverings by using the above-mentioned smooth yarns according to the invention. The brightening of the textile fabric appearance is caused by the metallically shiny filaments of the smooth yarns according to the invention, which have gloss pigments. In contrast to conventional textile floor coverings, which can have metal threads, for example, the brightening of the color design of the top of the base fabric or the pile cover is maintained by the color-imparting effect of the gloss pigments and, in addition, by the reflections, even from the most varied viewing angles of the viewer and user.

Likewise, the durability and hard-wearing capacity of the textile floor covering according to the invention is significantly increased by the smooth yarns according to the invention produced by the above-mentioned process. The textile floor covering according to the invention is also characterized by the easier removal of dirt due to the dense and pore-free filaments

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

of the smooth yarn according to the invention, e.g. in the upper shed. Since the filaments in the smooth yarns according to the invention lie smooth and close together and are preferably not crimped, the mechanical retention capacity of the textile floor covering according to the invention is substantially significantly reduced in comparison to conventional textile floor coverings.

The textile floor covering according to the invention is also characterized by a high load-bearing capacity, for example by twisting two or more simple smooth yarns according to the invention and using them in the pile warp threads or in other components of the base fabric as smooth yarn twists. It is precisely the significantly higher load-bearing capacity of the textile floor covering according to the invention that enables it to be used as a base or standing surface for heavy equipment, e.g. computer systems, and for rollable office chairs, as are often found in commercially used rooms, such as offices.

Particularly in comparison to conventional textile floor coverings, the textile floor covering according to the invention does not have any dents in the surface due to the use of smooth yarns according to the invention in the pile cover and/or in the base fabric comprising filling warp threads, weft threads and/or binding warp threads, which would otherwise at least disturb the textile commercial appearance when compared with conventional textile floor coverings.

The use of the smooth yarns according to the invention, which can contain filaments with luster pigments, in the pile cover and/or base fabric of a textile floor covering enables the formation of the metallic luster of the fabric optics. Furthermore, the smooth yarns according to the invention can have additional metallic shiny threads in addition to the filaments, which are transparent.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

The additional metallic shiny threads can be colored and/or colored metal foils coated on one side and/or both sides with plastic polymer films and/or filaments. In addition, the additional metallic shiny threads can be plastic polymer films that are provided with metal layers on one side and/or both sides, whereby the metal layers can be coated with a protective varnish. The filaments with shiny pigments and/or the metallic shiny threads can have round, oval, kidney-shaped, cloverleaf-like, etc. and/or polygonal cross-sections, e.g. triangular filament cross-sections or triangular thread cross-sections.

&iacgr;&ogr; In the method according to the invention for producing a textile floor covering, filling warp threads, weft threads, binding warp threads and pile warp threads are fed to a reed. The pile warp threads can be pulled out into the upper shed by rods, for example according to the conventional rod weaving method. One or more pile warp threads can contain the smooth yarns according to the invention.

The pile warp threads can also comprise flat yarn twists according to the invention, which are twisted or twisted together from two or more flat yarns according to the invention. Depending on the aesthetics, the pile warp threads containing the flat yarns and/or flat yarn twists can be pulled out depending on the required or desired loop height, loop density and loop pattern. The pile cover with the pile warp threads pulled out into the upper shed can be cut open on the top by pulling out the rods to provide velour as a pile cover. The resulting pile tufts also have the metallic or metal-like textile fabric appearance. The method according to the invention can comprise the above-mentioned embodiments of the flat yarns and/or the smooth yarn twists according to the invention.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

It is precisely the use of the smooth yarns according to the invention that makes the textile floor covering according to the invention particularly suitable for commercially used rooms, which are often only illuminated with energy-saving lights. Due to the filaments of the textile floor covering according to the invention, which contain gloss pigments and are arranged in the smooth yarns according to the invention, light reflections and refractions not only brighten the illuminated standing area or the floor, but also clearly reveal the color design of the pile cover of the same. Depending on the wishes of the user or observer, brightening areas of different extent and effect can be provided by changes in the composition of the different additives containing gloss pigments and the different concentrations of the gloss pigments contained in the additives.

The different lightening areas not only make it possible to vary the textile fabric appearance of the textile floor covering according to the invention, but also to make the coloring in the pile cover more opaque and, in addition, to clearly highlight particularly fine color structures, so that the textile fabric appearance of the textile floor covering according to the invention is enhanced.

Examples of implementation

Aspects, details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

To produce smooth yarns according to the invention, a spinning process is carried out in a concentrated plastic-polymer mixture containing

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

Powdered metal particles are mixed into the base mixture as a spinning melt. The powdered metal particles are a multi-component alloy with a Cu-Zn alloy. The concentrated plastic-polymer mixture contains polyamide polymers. After the metal particles have been homogeneously incorporated into the spinning melt to prepare the spinning liquid, the spinning liquid is pressed through spinnerets in a screw extruder under the application of force. The filaments emerging from the spinnerets are solidified in a melt-spinning process in a channel through which air flows to form continuous fibers or filaments. When solidifying into filaments (continuous fibers), the filaments are stretched (drawn) to increase their strength.

The filaments are guided over several driven rollers as godets, whereby the filaments wrap around these to prevent slipping. The filaments are then heated to a stretching temperature in a subsequent heating oven or heat bath. At the constriction point, the filaments heat up due to the shearing that occurs inside. The stretched filaments are guided by a third set of godets through a tempering section for heat-setting, in which the elastic deformation components of the filaments and the retention of orientation can relax.

The drawn filaments are then processed into the inventive

Smooth yarns are twisted or twisted. For example, to provide smooth yarns of the closed and smooth type according to the invention, longer, uncurled, parallel-arranged filaments are used using a fixed spinning twist.

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

To provide a textile floor covering according to the invention, the filling warp threads, weft warp threads and binding warp threads comprising a base fabric of the textile floor covering according to the invention are fed to a reed. Pile warp threads are also fed to the reed, with some of the pile warp threads comprising the smooth yarns according to the invention.

In a further embodiment, filling warp threads, weft warp threads and/or binding warp threads can also comprise the smooth yarns according to the invention.

&iacgr;&ogr; The pile warp threads are drawn into the upper shed from the lower shed using conventional rod weaving technology. The base fabric with the filling warp threads, weft threads and binding warp threads remains in the lower shed. The pile warp threads drawn into the upper shed form the loops which the pile warp threads have with the smooth yarns according to the invention and have a metallic-like or metallizing fabric appearance. The smooth yarns according to the invention in at least some of the pile warp threads give the textile floor covering according to the invention a high degree of brightening due to light reflections and light interruptions.

It is also shown that the loops arranged around the loops with smooth yarns according to the invention are particularly striking in terms of color due to the lightening caused by the interruption of light and light reflections, and the use of particularly high-contrast colors is unnecessary compared to a conventional textile floor covering. In contrast to a conventional textile floor covering, which requires an opaque appearance through the use of high-contrast colors of the loops, which have an aesthetically disharmonious effect, this disadvantage is avoided by the textile floor covering according to the invention with the inventive

PATENT ATTORNEY DR. PETER P. GEHRKE, GELSENKIRCHEN-BUER

textile floor covering according to the invention with the smooth yarns according to the invention. In addition, particularly finely structured surfaces can be provided by using smooth yarns according to the invention in the pile cover of the textile floor covering according to the invention.

In addition, the textile floor covering according to the invention is characterized by sufficient load-bearing capacity and durability of the upper compartment, so that, in contrast to conventional textile floor coverings, dents, for example when driving on the textile floor covering with office chairs equipped with castors, can be avoided.

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Claims (8)

1. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power, which is suitable for use in textile fabrics, which has one or more filaments containing luster pigments, wherein the luster pigments contain at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments. 2. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallic effect pigments contain powdered metal particles with a two-component and/or multi-component alloy which contain Al and/or Cu and at least one representative of the group comprising Fe, Ni, Mn, As, Sn, Zn and Si. 3. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal particles are formed as flake-shaped and/or scale-shaped. 4. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal particles are bronze pigments, aluminum bronze pigments and/or patent bronze pigments. 5. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that pearlescent pigments are colorless flakes which are lead compounds, bismuth oxychloride, titanium dioxide mica or mixtures thereof. 6. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the interference pigments are mother-of-pearl pigments or fire-colored metallic bronzes. 7. Smooth yarn with a high brightening power, which is suitable for use in textile fabrics, preferably in a textile floor covering, according to one of claims 1 to 6, producible by a) mixing additives as spinneret dyes in a spinning melt to form a spinning liquid containing a concentrated plastic mixture which contains luster pigments, the luster pigments containing at least one representative of the group comprising metallic effect pigments, pearlescent pigments and interference pigments, b) squeezing the spinning liquid through spinnerets using a melt spinning, wet spinning and/or dry spinning process to produce filaments and c) cooling them, d) stretching the filaments to increase their strength and e) Twisting of the filaments to form smooth yarns. 8. Textile floor covering with a reinforced textile fabric appearance and permanent brightening ability with a base fabric comprising filler threads, weft threads and binding warp threads and a pile cover arranged on the upper side of the base fabric, which has a fiber pile, characterized in that the fiber pile has smooth yarns according to one of the preceding claims.