DE2014359A1 - Strengthening and reinforcing plastic hard- - ware of given size and shape - Google Patents

Abstract

The process described is for strengthening or reinforcing foamed or plastic materials, re P 1778800. The article may consist of, for example, expanded polystyrene, and may incorporate a strengthening strip that is pressure and heat treated to weld together the contact surfaces.

Description

Process for strengthening and reinforcing objects and parts of any shape Addition to P 17 78 800.0 The main patent ............. (patent application (Patent application P 17-78 800.0) relates to a method for solidifying undfoder Reinforcement of objects and parts of any shape made of plastic-based foam, in which the strength-increasing layers are used.

Due to the excellent thermal insulation properties of foams the latter have become more and more popular in recent times; on the other hand must the mechanical strength can be described as low, so that the known foams cannot be used for many purposes. It has by no means in the past there is a lack of proposals to remedy this deficiency, however these proposals success failed. For example, it is known to use foam articles or To provide parts made of foam with a coating that is created by painting and gives a hard surface. That this relatively thin layer for the mechanical properties of the whole body are more or less meaningless, It goes without saying. Likewise, no decisive factor could be achieved with glued-on foils Improvement can be brought about, quite apart from the fact that in the case of irregular Forms the gluing of foils is extremely difficult.

To improve the mechanical properties of foam articles, one has switched to simply using harder foams. One decisive improvement could not be achieved thereby, so that one tried to embed reinforcements. So is the use of expanded metal, Pipes, bars, grids or the like. No rarity. Leave with such reinforcements Although the strength properties improve usefully, but a must relatively high weight gain can be accepted, quite apart from the fact that that heat or cold flashovers are to be feared through the reinforcements. not Finally, it has also been found to be disadvantageous that, despite the reinforcements the surfaces remain soft and therefore have to be solidified separately, what - seen as a whole - brings with it a considerable increase in price.

According to the main patent, a significant improvement is achieved by that the respective foam, for example polystyrene foam, in a solvent dissolved and soaked with this solution fiber mats, which one then under Applying heat and pressure to the foam article to be solidified. These fiber mats or these strength-increasing layers can on one, two or more sides of the respective object to be solidified are placed or placed in a mold, whereupon the heat and pressure treatment takes place. Of course, the layers can also be used as intermediate layers. It is also possible by zigzag or wave-like folding of the layers, to achieve special reinforcements at individual points. It is also provided the layers or mats regardless of the object to be consolidated with foam solution to treat, so that with regard to the mats, to a certain extent, in stock can be worked, i.e. the creation of stocks is also conceivable in the factory. It also appears to be worth mentioning that the respective mat during its processing should only contain a little solvent, otherwise there is a risk that the object to be solidified is dissolved in a harmful manner.

In any case, when working according to the main patent, you get items and parts that are only insignificant in terms of weight and insulation distinguish them from objects made of pure foam. Most of all will but achieves a strength that can easily be compared with that of wood leaves. The older method is not limited to individual areas, rather it can be used with advantage wherever there is a need for low weight and good strength properties and good insulation properties are important.

According to the additional invention, the older method thereby experiences one further improvement that the respective object or part, for example is made of polystyrene foam, with a strengthening sheet, such as with a The foam is preferably equipped with a polystyrene sheet of the same type or with a mat is, the latter previously with a plastic, for example with dissolved polystyrene, was soaked and then welded together under pressure and heat contacting surfaces, i.e. under the influence of heat, and under pressure a firm connection between the individual layers. Using a solidifying sheet, such as a polystyrene sheet, which is used in the pressure and heat treatment so soft or plastic that it is with the respective foam 'fabric one enters into an intimate and firm connection, guarantees one particularly simple process, as this avoids handling solutions is. Even if pure webs are not as firm as mats, they still feed a considerable increase in the mechanical properties, which are sufficient for every l = all; to use the treated foam objects and parts for purposes where they were previously unthinkable. So z. B. the simple polystyrene sheets for many industrial parts, such as for covers, insulation bodies or as intermediate layers etc. will be sufficient without further ado. For large or larger products, such as garage doors, tilt gates, boat bodies, roller shutter boxes, transport boxes, boxes or the like.

on the other hand, the mat reinforcement is usually given priority, which has also been simplified compared to the main patent. While namely with the older measure only a finished, d. H . an already processed Foam is loosened and a mat is soaked in it, you now go from one already dissolved or still in solution plastic, so that a Simplification in the implementation of the procedure results. Above all, here is the one Advantage exploited that at the foam manufacturer or in other processing plants the required solutions may already be available as intermediates or waste products are available and not only on the way to processing Foam with subsequent dissolving must be obtained, but at least on easier and more economical ways can be obtained.

When consolidating and / or reinforcing objects with webs it does not necessarily have to do this with a heated tool on the wavy object customizable, rather it is after the invention also conceivable that the solidifying sheet is in a thermoplastic state, e.g. as by heat softened prefabricated or as heated immediately before application Plastic-made layer-like web applied to the respective object will. In other words, this means that the web is applied in a state which allows a corresponding adaptation of the web to all possible shapes and so that the subsequent compression molding is made easier.

Another essential detail of the invention is that for soaking the mat, a viscous, preferably off, under the action of heat a granulate obtained plastic is used. This measure is therefore of great advantage, because a plastic that has become viscous due to the influence of heat the respective mat is able to soak just like a dissolved plastic, however no evaporation time and further processing after a short cooling time of the mats, whereby the production in advance is just as conceivable as the immediate Use as reinforcement for any kind of object.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that polystyrene sheets or the like. or any prepared mats together with flat prefabricated foams can be processed into panels. Such plates are extremely strong and can can be used for a variety of purposes. Among others, such plates appear for Scaffolding boards valuable, which are known to have sufficient strength Should be as light as possible, because heavy scaffolding boards are not just that Put up complicate the scaffolding, but also a reinforcement the whole construction. The plates according to the invention can, however also excellent for decorative purposes, as ceiling tiles or the like. use where not only the light weight but also the good looks are welcomed. Without doubt the new panels will also bring many advantages for building purposes, since their properties are far superior to the well-known lightweight panels and to a certain extent lend themselves to lost formwork.

According to a further special feature of the invention, it appears expedient to that the finished products, e.g. panels, are placed in heat chambers, by radiators, by means of heated devices or the like.

subjected to repeated and softening heat treatment and with the help of tools, which in turn can be heated and cooled, to channel-shaped, Ul-shaped, cap-like, shell-like or otherwise shaped structures are deformed will. By this measure according to the invention, the field of application of after according to the preceding steps according to the invention expanded. So are flat tubs, boat hulls, profiles in this way without further ado for window and door frames etc. can be produced. With appropriate heat treatment it even appears possible to manufacture hollow cylindrical or tubular structures.

The subsequent deformation does not exclude the possibility of prefabricated panels tailored in any way to transport containers, flower boxes, shelves or other objects, whereupon in the areas of contact if necessary, under Use of additional mat strips turn a welding with the help from Pressure and heat takes place. In practice, this means that you can do it according to the procedure obtained product can process more or less like wood, with the joining expediently not by gluing, nailing and screwing, but by welding he follows. In any case, there are hardly any limits to the type of processing, so that the The advantage of versatility is again underlined.

In the drawing, the invention is based on according to the invention For example, the method of producing objects is explained, FIG. 1 shows a section through a part produced by the method according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows the manufacturing steps of the part according to FIG. 1 in connection with a Shape; 3 shows a specially folded mat which is connected to a foam sheet shall be; FIG. 4 shows the completed arrangement according to FIG. 3 with an additional one inlaid hinge tape; 5 shows a section through part of a door in the area of the castle; 6 shows a section through a flat part (plate) without a reinforcing rib; 7 shows the joining together of two mitered parts in a top view; FIG. 8 shows the completed corner connection according to FIG. 7; FIG. 9 shows a flat part, which is notched; FIG. 10 shows the part according to FIG. 9, but already deformed; Fig. 11 a rounded corner; 12 shows a window profile with the associated tool and 13 to 19 specially designed according to the present invention Process manufactured products.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, there is a flat part 1 with a Reinforcing rib 2 essentially consists of a foam core 3, which is on all sides with a web 4 is reinforced or solidified. The web 4 can be made of a polystyrene web or be formed by a mat impregnated with plastic.

The apparent from Fig. 1 part 1 can arise in that one first in a heated mold 5 an impregnated mat that was cured, or introduces a polystyrene sheet. The design of form 5 is irrelevant, because the beans or mats used become plastic due to the heat. After the respective mat or sheet has been introduced, the preformed foam core is created 3 inserted and in turn covered with a mat or sheet. Are these preliminary work completed, the second mold part 6 is retracted and with the mold 5 closed, 6, the layers are welded to the core 3, i.e. a homogeneous connection between the strengthening webs 4 and the core 3.

According to FIG. 3, a web 4 is laid in several folds 7, the Package is slightly higher than the core 3. The pressing creates the shape Fig. 4, in which a hinge ~ band 8 can also be seen, which at the same time with was pressed in. This reinforcement can equally well be made from a mat or from a polystyrene sheet. Fig. 4 shows the intimate connection of all Share with each other that can cope with any load. Burdened. man for example part 1 in the direction of arrow 9, there are no complications at all to be feared, since the edge zone 10 to a certain extent made of compact, impregnated with synthetic resin) Fiber material consists or is entirely made of plastic. That from FIG. 5 recognizable lock 11 with handle lugs 12 experiences a secure embedding, that several mats or sheets are provided in pieces for reinforcement. Recognizable is also that the insertion of the mat pieces does not cause any difficulties, but the effect is excellent. It goes without saying that the individual Builds up parts in layers. The foam core 3 needs it in the area of the lock 11 does not necessarily have to be in one piece, since the FUIlstieff is not required for strength is decisive, but the reinforcement by the mats and mat pieces that - like already executed - are richly arranged.

The part according to FIG. 6 again consists of a foam core 3 and from consolidating sheets 4. Such parts can be mitred and mitred can be assembled in the manner shown in FIG. The miter joint is indicated with 13; mat strips 14 can also be seen. At 15 there are press jaws denotes, in which there are steam chambers 16, which are also by heating coils could be replaced. After all parts have been heated up and after the corresponding Compression of the pressing jaws 15 results in the structure shown in FIG. 8 and it can be clearly seen that the strips 14 provide an effective stiffening and result in an absolutely solid connection. It's understandable that way extremely strong and yet light transport boxes, boxes or the like. manufacturable are.

According to Fig. 9, a part 1 is provided with a notch 17 so that the sections 18, 19 can be bent against one another, as shown in FIG. 10 shows. Since the surfaces of the notch 17 do not include a right angle with one another, so the miter is in a sense too narrow, the 8 teeth will compress at 20, which leads to an effective stiffening. The accumulation of material at 20 could can be avoided by keeping the notch 17 larger, as indicated by dashed lines Lines 21 in Fig. 9 is indicated.

According to FIG. 11, a part 1 is bent over a heating rod 22. Here, too, an accumulation of material can be seen at 33, while at 24 it is harmless Stretching occurs.

Fig. 12 shows a profile 25, which can be heated with the help of a Can produce tool, which consists of two parts 26, 27. Whether you can do that to you Profile 25 to be processed blank previously mechanically pre-machined or alone with Pressure and heat works, depends mainly on the type of profile certainly. In any case, care should be taken that the web 4 as possible at all Places is available.

In FIGS. 13 and 14 it is illustrated that there are also containers 28 can be produced from a flat part, but it is useful to ensure that there is sufficient taper.

Fig. 15 shows a part 29 which has a U-shape. this part 29 can be made relatively easily from a strip that is heated and press it into a correspondingly shaped die. The plate is just as simple 30 of FIG. 16 to be obtained by simply having grooves, fillets, slots 31 or the like. be pressed into a blank.

An interesting possibility is shown in FIG. 17 with a boat hull 32 recognize who will be light and yet extremely resilient; the latter all the more so since molded-on reinforcing ribs 33 are also provided, which at the same time serve as a scouring pad.

Finally, FIG. 18 shows a hollow cylinder 34 which consists of a material strip 3, 4 formed under the influence of heat and butted together at 35 is. After a welding treatment, strips 36 provide a firm connection in the joint area here.

It goes without saying that the hollow cylinder can also be welded on with a Cover or bottom could be equipped and thus to a cylindrical container will.

Claims (6)

Claims 1. Process for consolidating and / or reinforcing objects and Split any shape from plastic-based foam that adds strength heightening layers is worked, according to patent. . . . . , (Patent application P 17 78 800.0) 1: characterized in that the respective object or part (see. 3), which consists for example of polystyrene foam, with a solidifying Web (4), as with a polystyrene sheet, preferably similar to the foam or with a mat (see FIG. 4), the latter being previously equipped with a Plastic, for example with dissolved polystyrene, was soaked and then a fusing of the surfaces in contact with one another is carried out under pressure and heat will. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solidifying Web (4) In a thermoplastic state, i.e. as a pre-fabricated fabric softened by heat, for example or as layered layers produced from heated plastic immediately before application Web (4) is applied to the respective object (cf. 3). 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the Impregnation of the mat (see FIG. 4) becomes more viscous when exposed to heat, preferably from a granulate obtained plastic is used. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that polystyrene webs or the like or any prepared mats (4) together with prefabricated foams are processed into panels (see. Fig. 6). 5. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the finished products, z '. B. plates (3, 4) in heat chambers, by ray "#, by means of heated devices or the like. subjected to repeated and softening heat treatment and with the help of tools (see e.g. 26, 27), which in turn can be heated or cooled can be, zü'-groove-shaped, U-shaped, cap-like, shell-like or otherwise ~ shaped structures (cf. e.g. 29, 32) ~ are deformed. 6. The method according to ~ Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that prefabricated panels (3, 4) cut and in any way to transport containers or boxes, to flower boxes, shelves, hollow cylinders or other objects (see Z.-B. 8, 10 and 18) are put together, whereupon in the contact areas, if necessary, welding again using additional mat strips (14) with the help of pressure and heat. Blank page