DE2011028A1 - Cleaning facility - Google Patents

Description

Applicant *

Science and technology 2011028

Center for agricultural engineering

7912 Schlieben, Gartenstr. 30th

Re inisunes facility

The invention relates to a cleaning device for Separation of grains in threshing machines, especially on combine harvesters from the grain-straw mixture

It is known among the threshing machine shakers and combine harvester to attach sieve cleaners of various types · These sieve cleaners either work with exchangeable Round sieves or adjustable flap or louvre sieves · To improve the separation effect For this purpose, additional vibration devices have been created "There are also devices known" in which the items to be cleaned exclusively and directly

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is cleaned by a stream of air · Furthermore, cleaning systems are known that consist of rotating There are seven or those based on the cycle effect.

So is z. B # a cleaning facility known that a separation of the specific heavier and specific Provides lighter parts of the threshed goods arising from the threshing device. This facility sees an arrangement of air blades on the threshing drum that generate a stream of compressed air that is directed into a funnel-shaped housing into the The grains leaving the concave with additions also get under the tapered housing In a further discharge pipe, a roller rotor is arranged in a deflection bend, which the air flow, including Grains with admixtures, diverted. A knife is arranged below the roller rotor, whose passage opening is chosen so that only the grains can fall through, while the coarser admixtures and kept from the air flow in the drainage pipe be blown.

Another cleaning device is solved in such a way that the chute starts at the beginning and extends into the area the feed drum arranged in front of the threshing mechanism is enough, in this room through one to the concave the subsequent sieve is covered and in the chute a one that bridges the feed surfaces to the chute See circumferential sieve element extending over the width of which is arranged · Below the sieve element a stream of air crosses the entire surface and sucks the admixtures from the grain · A cleaning device is also known in which the conveyor drum is mounted in a housing, which is primarily circular in cross section, and on its outer surface having axially extending conveyor strips, while the

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Housing partially formed like a grid and on his inner circumference with a helically wound, is provided with a rib that interacts with the conveyor strips # Below the conveyor drum is a conveyor screw arranged, to which a grid-like separating housing is connected «Ih the separating housing is a coaxial Built-in paddle wheel to improve the separation effect, with an additional fan arranged

However, all of the devices mentioned are for threshing machines, in particular for combine harvesters, with a unsuitable for high performance or has a number of disadvantages which limit the performance. These disadvantages are distinguished by the fact that at high loads the corresponding sieve surface for separating the admixtures, the grains is no longer sufficient. That. conditional, additional screening devices for high-performance combine harvesters To be arranged next to, behind or above the machine in order to achieve the required degree of purity of the grain to provide "and to process the high throughput Equipped with air blades at the cleaning device Threshing drum, the cost factor must be taken into account ^ which shows considerable manufacturing costs. The cleaning device provided with a rotating drum has the disadvantage that the grain in it, although due to the rotation of the sieves, is similar to the swinging process on flat sieves, is kept in motion, but that the circulating grain is not wide on the sieve surface can distribute, but agglomerated on the first third of the pitch of the rotating screen downwards flows back to the lowest point · This means that only a quarter of the rotating screen surface is used while three quarters of the sieve area in the combine harvester empty.

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The last-mentioned cleaning device has next to a high susceptibility to failure, which is caused by the more complicated construction, a high cost on. At the same time, the size of the combine and thus the total mass is significantly affected, which is of great disadvantage for agricultural practice.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and at the lowest possible cost to create an effective cleaning device that corresponds to the practice.

The invention is based on the object of creating a device that takes up the least amount of space can also adequately clean large quantities of threshed material directly under the threshing tools.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that a semicircular mesh screen is created which in cross section circumscribes half an arc and its span is the exit surface of the threshing mechanism is equivalent to. In order to be able to use the full size of the sieve surfaces, there are air ducts in the middle of the sieves attached, which let out an air flow that can be regulated according to the grain sizes. This air flow emerging radially from the air shaft presses the grain on both sides of the semicircular mesh screen surface up. Pocket-like openings, as used in the well-known Graepel sieves and with the nose or Pocket openings standing upwards allow the air flow to keep it in constant motion Heavy grain through these openings when sliding back

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fall down onto the perforated screen below can and falls through this into a collecting trough. On the half-round mesh sieve, metal sheets are arranged like a bulkhead, with the end sheet being made higher. To delimit the half-round mesh screen area, deflector plates are again arranged, with the half-round mesh screen is limited on both sides by baffle plates. There is a deflector plate on the air duct in the middle Arranged like a roof, the lower half of which is formed like a grid on each side. The air shaft is fed from a hollow shaft through which an air flow is directed by a fan. The hollow shaft also serves as a bearing axis for the cleaning device and is pivoted. Below the semicircular mesh sieve an arc-shaped perforated sieve is arranged to screen the grain again, which is on both sides is limited by a downpipe, the bottom of which is adjustable, the grain sizes corresponding sieve openings having. The two screens, including the air shaft, are connected in such a way that they are of one Vibration device are kept constantly vibrating, which significantly favors the Abscheideeffelcfc. A blower wind is used to remove the impurities above the semicircular mesh sieve, which axially is passed over the mesh screen surface. It is stored Cleaning device transversely to the direction of travel below the combine harvester.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. The drawing shows:

"a schematic representation of the cleaning device".

As shown, the cleaning device arranged transversely to the direction of travel consists of a circular

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shaped half-round mesh sieve 1, on which the threshed Grain-straw mixture directly, caused by gravity, from the threshing mechanism, not shown · On the semicircular mesh sieve, sheets 2 are arranged like a bulkhead, which lead to the outlet of the cleaning device are inclined. With the help of the plates 2 a dosage of the threshed material flow is achieved, which serves on the one hand to improve the separation 'effect and on the other hand a one-sided load the cleaning device avoids. The end plate 3 is slightly higher than the plates 2.

* places in order to avoid grain losses.

The semicircular mesh screen 1 is bounded on both sides by Baffle plates 4, being immediately in front of the Ilalbrundnetzsiebbegrenzung further deflector plates 5 are arranged. In the middle of the cleaning device is another off- arranged baffle 6, the lower halves are formed like a grid. Below the deflection plate 6 there are air shafts 7, which are fed with air via a hollow shaft from a fan (not shown) will. The air flow is directed in such a way that it exits the air ducts 7 at right angles to the central axis emerges and the entire mesh screen surface 9 "up to the deflector plate 5 coated. In order to ensure the guidance of the air flow, the lower half of the deflector plate is 6 designed like a grid. Below the Halbnmdnetzsiebes 1 is the perforated screen 10, which is also provided with guide plates 11. Limited the perforated sieve 10 is in each case through a Palleitung 12, the bottom 13 of which is provided with sieve openings which are adjustable according to the size of the grain · The hollow shaft 8 also serves as a carrier the cleaning device and is mounted in a pendulum manner. By a vibration device, not shown the cleaning device, d. h, the two sieves 1j 10 including the air shaft 7 in oscillation

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offset. The falling threshed material is caught halfway to the semicircular net sieve 1 by a blower wind generated by a fan (not shown), which strokes axially over the semicircular net sieve 1 and transports the light admixtures and chaff particles to the outside. The heavier parts impinge on the provided with grain bags Halbrundnetzsiebfläche 9t ^where s ^ ^e arrive within proximity of the cell blower wind. The air flow drives them upwards on the semicircular mesh screen surface 9, and when they slide back, they are screened off by their own weight and vibration. The grains and smaller additions fall through pocket-like openings onto the perforated sieve 10, the large particles, such as short straw, etc., on the semicircular mesh sieve 1 are conveyed to the outside via the inclined plates 2 and the end plate 31 due to the vibration and the blower wind . The particles reaching the perforated screen 19 are driven by the air flow of the cell blower radially at the Y / andung of the perforated screen surface 14, the grains falling through the perforated screen. The sieved particles are blown against the baffle plate 4 by the cell blower wind and discharged to the outside via the pal pipe 12.

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1 * cleaning device with exchangeable round, flap or louvre sieves, with vibration, " Rotary or air flow cleaning, characterized in that the semicircular mesh screen (1) and the perforated screen (10) is centrally connected to an air shaft (7) distributing the air flow in such a way that that the air flow coaxially over the entire semicircular mesh screen surface (9) and the perforated screen surface (14) is directed. 2. Cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that a deflector plate above the air shaft (7) (6) is arranged. 3. Cleaning device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the lower halves of the deflector plate (6) are designed like a grid, 4. Cleaning device according to claim 1 to 3 »thereby characterized in that on the semicircular mesh screen surface (9) inclined plates (2) towards the stern like a bulkhead are arranged. Cleaning device according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end plate (3) is higher is designed as the sheet (2) » 109816/131 8 - 9 - 6. Cleaning device according to claim 1 to 5ι thereby characterized in that in the upper half of the semicircular mesh screen surface (9) deflector plates (5) are arranged · - '■. -7 * -Heinlgimgseiiiaiichtung according to claim 1 to. 6, dadurcE "marked, that the air shaft (7) is designed like cells. 8. Cleaning device according to claim 1 to 7 »characterized in that the semicircular mesh sieve (1) is limited on both sides by the baffle plate (4). 9 · Cleaning device according to claim 1 to 8, characterized characterized in that the perforated screen (10) is delimited on both sides by the Palleitung (12). 10. Cleaning device according to claim 1 to 9 »thereby characterized in that the bottom of the downpipe (12) has adjustable sieve openings (13). 11. Cleaning device according to spoke 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that a fan wind is blown axially over the semicircular mesh screen (1) 12. Cleaning device according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the semicircular mesh sieve (1), including perforated screen (10) and air shaft (8) is pivoted 109816/131 »