DE1998784U - DEVICE FOR DETECTING AND LOCATING LEAK POINTS ON PIPELINES - Google Patents

Description

ΠΑ Λ - »

DIPL.-INQ. H. SOHIFFER

Potonlanwalt
Kar'sruho / Baclen

23. G. 68

I:. · ;; ■? - ·. -η r * melaun £ .._ ( ^: j2 6 ; / _i ■ ', ■)

p: c. ~ la _t %. Wolfgang Jturner »75 Karlsruhe» Soinhold Frank otr. 4.7

Vorrichtunj ζητ psetstelluüg and localization of

ε! Λ ^ B ^ β · ^^ BV ^ tf ^ ^^ νΐηίΐ νΐν Atf ΐνΐ Ϊ ^^ ΪΪη ^ MA "^ B * ^ U" «ΐΐ TlJP." ^^ Ϊϋϋί VBV Ϊ5! * ■■ * * iS «Ml ^^ ΐ ** S ΐΐ ΐ ^> 3ΪΪ ** 5 ίίϋ * ΐΐ d ^ Blr ■■ * · ^« Ρ * ηΪ5 mmi «Ϊ3« äZ «ΐΐ (^^ Β Σ ^ Λ * mi ^ 3Ϊ luJ ^ j * ^ J Ϊ ^ Μ C <S

on pipelines

The invention relates to a device sur

and localization of voids on bores which contaminate materials lead ₉ iiiaba ^ j ^ - eggs in difficult-to-access Hohrleitungsabso} middle ₉ untor use of at least one swipe of the ßohrlei— tün ^ causswand and the & antelfoiiö laid Sig & dlolo ^ sntsj the through the Ctor emerging at a leak; 3 experiences a change that triggers the S - ^ "al.

This well-known execution sees the Yerlegun £; one Saber of a certain type under the su supervising

before, a £ a, «δηη es jsit evtl · ausströciendea

IT " ^Λ

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Substance from the Rohrle-tur ^ in contact kofliat, swells and thus an electrical contact eohlleSt bsv; » triggers a signal. Laboratory tests also showed "that this device works flawlessly," odoch soigto dor prakxi & oxie Einsats "that the t'ßldekabel su. EapfiMlioh S" acted ; It spoke about the installation of such Hohrloltuügen continuously on _e LiesoB Ideldesystom could not do »oi donor, because there were so many foal co1 fertilizers and real leaks were not boaohtet as a result.

Therefore been Eo raupte on ..oitero known methods griffea, boiopielawoico daa so-called differential pressure method * When method didcoE £ IÖ Kohrloitung is shortly after the shutdown * did the Pumps ion-άβα completion of track slides into sections esp _w isinit <sr length divided. In doing so, the slide valve closure should be timed so that the best pressure remains in the individual sections of the pipelines. Taking into account the possibly cooling of the χ α άοχ pipe located after medium can de ^ complete decay of the Lruckschwankungen aui, a possibly unusual DrucAabnahse within a certain period of time on the YorhaMensein a closed ieckstelle

(9263/64) - ⁵ "*

will. Apart from the fact that there was only one ancestor of Diosa's ancestors intervallsäßi ^ e Xo. * '. role erinöeucht, must be very large economic disadvantages are accepted since up ta for the complete course of the j / iessung die?, c

ca »eiasn i'sg shut down author m

Another procedure at. £ .nnt method see o & nor probe in connection with an earning share. In bestia & ten Subscriptions are small along the pipeline Samaeichächte arranged »in which the aua one Leak leakage ötoff, the sioh zv / icchon the pipeline ßuamantelun £ and moved to the ear, sac ^ elt. ti

These shafts ami probes Äio ügi increasing levels ängöordnet, the funded stoffeo a kcntakt h | manufacture - for example, conductivity indicator -,

"Ί which in turn triggers a?; Ar; .signai or directly the

_f ^? Production through the drilling pipe interrupts * iiachtoilig

j; '", / has an effect on these procedures that the quality control |

^{fJ f} '"completely dense ger; ön the su promoting substance, which may possibly

from a leakage ^ emerges, to extend i ^ t, otherwise the material to be conveyed without closing the shafts. f-illcn> penetrates the subsoil.

.- 'Jtiupielsweia

■ · /

diohidities of the line cause obvious damage, ■

since already at an oil / water ratio of approx. 1jio

the washer for the IrinkwaBsersvueoke as unusable j

such a line are therefore considered to be a danger ■ - the water supply and ß «r hygiene respected, especially« then "if such a" pipeline is in water catchment areas must be laid »Therefore the early plague • sharing of Leok & ^ en in the petroleum pipeline, but also in ■ "" - ■ '- gonatigen, contaminating. © Stoff® conveying pipelines Äurohcontiaiiisrlishe transfer ^ aehuag © read indispensable form

. derun ^. A pipe that su your check one

. ; * '. ^ * S must be shut down «cannot in reasonable _r

'y ■ -

Ä »iträumen werdeη ₉ monitors as they would otherwise be unprofitable ar r% / ■ '- beitet. The ifeldesystem © must also be structured in such a way that

;. that false reports are avoided with certainty in order to -

i. the complex apparatus, in the case of an "oil warning"

,

■ service ' ¹ , not in vain to endeavor, in addition to economic

! . lichee consequences also inevitably a certain carelessness. '

"" / kelt when following alarm messages to the Polge. White

* ■ - such reporting systems should «if possible also ■

[ ' d * n point out the right place in order to immediately ax decisive measures ■,

(S263 / 64) - 5 -

to be able to start at the right point of the pipeline. This applies in particular to pipeline sections that are difficult to access - for example in the mountains or in boggy or swampy areas «, because such? Difficult-to-access places may require auxiliary structures to repair the pipelines, which can only be created quickly and ^v 'kostenspare.ad if the fault location

is exactly fixed · This does not only apply to in the ground laid crude oil pipelines, where the risk of groundwater pollution is particularly high, but natural also for other drilling lines that carry other contaminating © substances.

The following are therefore of a device for plotting and localizing leaks on pipelines . Demands hu stollen »

1 ») Reliability (operational safety), ,,

2o) possibility of continuous monitoring, Ο ») simple assembly option,

4e) Possibility of checking the operation of the company the pipe,

5>) Possibility of localizing Leokattlltn, 6.) Self- monitoring dtr alarm arrangement> 7) Cart security,
80 Economy.

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Based on a device for plague and Localization of leaks on pipelines that carry contaminating substances, especially ia seiivuer Accessible pipeline departments, using at least one between the outer wall of the pipeline and the fanuel foil laid signal element through the substance leaking at a leak a change learns who triggers the signal, they will

ί Requirements according to the invention are met in that the 'signal element is designed as a small tube with a small Durohmessere that can be destroyed by the exiting substance and is under static pressure from a medium, and is located along γ the outer wall of the Kohrleituugsaußenwand at least at the point

is arranged at which the calibration from the pipeline is roughly stepping substance collects »so that the pressure change and / or the "intretende pleading movement of the medium to establish tinea leaks auanutzlar is

1 ") The reliability of the device is ensured by the fact that the emerging from the pipe material, even if only small amounts" must with the signal-Röhreheη Ια connection come and © s © rfindungsgemaß Ätretört is · Since dl "pipeline & A this! Place anyway

19987

must be replaced, can also "in the subsequent Reassembly of the pipeline the fihrchen can be reintroduced so that after the repair is complete again a signal-capable height is available.

If the plague of leaks on drilling lines is concerned, among other things, the main concern is the detection of the finest leaks, such as hairline cracks, broken welds, etc., which only allow small amounts of contaminating substances to pass through. Leok- \ '■ provide the Frdbebenj rock displacements or similar _e, or by other \ for example, by natural disasters such as' ^y exterior interventions such as construction machines are uswo caused / · are after they occur immediately known in the majority of cases and can be prepared by the Pressure drop in the line Ϊ _ become overweoedBut especially the small leak parts

per unit time little contaminants durohlassen, are usually noticed much su late or ^only: if the outflowing material have eeuoht © the environment so ver "that a serious risk or ^not! fioäsr good £ U 22iQh% aaz? uchaae "Emergency is" These small amounts of substance now accumulate after the erfilade la elDia Hohli'aua, which is formed by the fact that the

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Tubes between the outer wall of the drilling line and a this surrounding cladding film is inserted. The contaminating substances are sure to come along the signal tube in connection and destroy this Signai-tubes also, safe * "before the wrapping foil this

, -ν substances through load. With that the gu «ahr for given,

that not even the smallest amounts of contaminating substances endanger the environment and especially in the case of petroleum penetrate into the Erdreioh and thus the groundwater can contaminate

Pie signaling itself came about as a result, for example take place, that the plastic tube in a liquid container ends, which can be completely tight and filled with a suitable compressed gas «after destruction ', · Of the signal ~ H «will be the plus thing on it

load gas pressure following flow n cladding sheet and pipe also into the cavity Ewißoh & whereby verification of the liquid level müßbar lowered the same time, but can be gemeuseη at a EngsteHe the supply line to the signal-to-tube, the flietfgeschwindigkeit the liquid ₉ can be utilized for signaling "It is also eo possible, the Z) ruck des Druokg ^ ses

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eu moosen or * au überwaohön. Duroh these different Possibilities is not just a safe signaling guaranteed? or also a self-monitoring of the Alarm pre-setting possible. For example, the sinking £ es Plüss ££ ksii5spie, gölä aUrcn float contacts been reported. Adds oioh to this electric ff Contact nooh the message of a flow rate so

a leakage hole has certainly emerged, which will also be noticeable in a rapid drop in sruok in the pressurized gas. If, however, only the float contact is triggered and the gas pressure also drops, but if no plummeting speed is reported, then above-ground damage to the signaling device is likely to be the cause of this message, and the plastic tube carried with the pipeline is not destroyed. In this Palle oui3 only a warning is given that gives rise to repairing the defective signal point. The same applies, of course, to a single drop in gas pressure without addressing the other signal lines. Only when Aaspreohen several possible contact means a Leokstelle has occurred with certainty that a · destruction of the plastic tube-for pursuant inventive example herbeigefilhrt aaf ttlae * Ax u 'a Waias no

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befürohton Bind been · * ^ j ^ oäohlioho claims even so pursues continued and corrected · Di »2 ^r, uvorläaaigkeit this. Torriohtung is thus guaranteed

2.) Since the signal device permanently ialt the pipeline "'. Communicates AUOH and continuously monitored, since' \ the other hand, the Übervvaohung üignal-Buhröhen AUOH

without the use of electrical aids, for example . possible through constant checking of the level of efficiency

appears, aioh is the second funding after continuous • High surveillance option fulfilled

3 ") The $ ignal ~ Höhrohen, the b ^ lsploleweise In the case of _t " petroleum from plastic or, for example, in the case of acids

a substance easily destroyed by this Lcutoht, iat ' simply staple on the pipeline and duroh dio. To cover the jacket film, Is the pipeline - know the « mostly will be the case - covered with bitumen, can the tube is insulated again from the bitumen layer in order to avoid chemical decomposition by chemicals contained in the bitumen. Anyway, it can Pipeline after the usual application of the cantilever foil Installed in a known manner «ground · especially before»

eichtemaOnahcien because of the signal tube are not necessary · It is therefore relatively easy to assemble » A YördrtlGken of the öignal-Köhrohene can thereby be prevented been that the tube was perforated by a Btanibleö "üsgsbSÄ will that it o"? a perforated Steel tube is drawn, or by the fact that the Pipeline is laid in sand, the grains of which have been sifted out. The supply line to the plastic tube is possibly carried out via Soir.lauchbinder, the • ng on the pipeline · you further continuation “The! Liquid then takes place in metal pipes, the one Avoid above-ground damage to the signaling device. This also means that there is a demand for simple contact dtr signal device fulfilled «

4 #) The functional check of the signaling device murde already mentioned under point 1 - reliability - Ee was also mentioned that a check is also possible without electrical aids, since in the simplest case the liquid level is the one in the Signal-Röhrohen liquid located in this Case is visible in an open liquid container can be checked. SelbBtYeretänftlioh can also be used in

(S263 / 64) - 12 -

Closed system of the pressurized gas The pressure of the gas is monitored on an externally attached manometer Disadvantage that the test stations are permanently occupied or that «The line daöörüd äwgegaüesn and the individual signal devices Must be controlled at any rate a © function test, whether electrical or other Way, with well-known Hittelr. durohaus possible.

5.) The localization of the Leoketellen prepares alone aohon duroh distributed along the length of the pipeline Signaling devices do not have too much difficulty It has proven useful that it was laid along the pipeline Tubes in several independent, partially overlapping sections to localize a leak

»Parts is subdivided within one of the paragraphs. If an even more precise determination of the Sohadensort is desired, radioactive material can be added to the flowing liquid or radioactively inoculated liquid can be pressed into the tube so that the exit point can be precisely localized by means of a Geiger counter. This is particularly necessary if it is above ground Buildings, roads »railways. Rivers are located, so the lifting of the pipeline causes great difficulties

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and must therefore be restricted to the closest eaua · Anyway is the demand for perfect localization of the damaged area by the invention in perfect Form fulfilled »

6.) Under point 6 of the requirements set out above, the condition is drilled that you must not monitor the signal gate direction yourself Trigger an alarm. If only one of these signal elements fails, the system is still operational, as it is Y

f falling signal element gives an advance warning · In addition, the emergency can be remedied immediately a «Without electrical aids, however, such self-monitoring can hardly be carried out. However, it is also possible, for example in a closed signal device, to simultaneously monitor the pressure of the gas loading the liquid column and the height of the liquid seal in the arrangement through an externally attached inspection tube. ]) amit lot it is also possible, when checking the pipeline, without electrical aids, to check at the same time for two signal elements whether there has been damage to the pipeline, Shows

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only one of the signal elements to a Dehler, it acts In all probability it is due to an above-ground fault · Eaait iet also at the same time the transition cu of the point

7.) »of cart security, given · in closed

O 'Signal devices cannot be changed at all.' dbn, since the signal elements are built into these devices and are either read directly or reported electrically. An operation of the signal device ■ is not necessary for open facilities either for example only the height of the liquid level © is too high «

8.) In the end, the economy of the

^ to mention the appropriate signal pre-lighting. The signal

Device almost continuously overpowers the line and interferes

the management of the subject in contrast to the ones listed Intermittent FzUfungeu not. Alone with that is a very significant cost factor, the sonut in the surveillance the occurrence of such piping has been avoided. Anyway, the signaling itself is so easy and cheap to sell and to install so that they do not have any requires great effort and ia Qes & mtbnuprogramzn one

199878

Λ Ji.

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Such a pipeline only makes up a negligible fraction of the investment The ongoing checks can be carried out without the use of workers in an electrical manner, whereby it is also possible to use writing measuring devices that report damage even if the pipeline station is unoccupied . The monitoring itself is very simple and cost-saving. The signaling device according to the invention is therefore economically viable.

k \> t the drawing is shown schematically the subject of the invention, namely show *

Pig ·. 1 a pipeline with signal devices,

2 the cross-section through such a pipeline,

3 also a cross-section, ^ βdooh at a connection point the Gignal device,

Flg. 4 the An & ohlui3atelle in the view »

ng. 5,

7 vereohiodono forms of monitoring of the liquid, EIg * 8 don cross section through βία Slgnal-Rönrohen with Innon-L'etallabstut & ung.

A pipeline 1 follows the pores of the earth's surface dug in the ground. It has a bitumen jacket 2

199878

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provided, over which a jacket film 3 is applied. A pipe 4 is provided between the Bäantelblatt J and the bitumen jacket 2, which pipe is protected by an intermediate layer 5 against any corrosive influences of the bitumen jacket 2. At the connection points of the tube 4, a hose clip 6 is provided, which establishes the connection between the tube 4 and the signaling device 7. The pipeline itself is embedded in finely sieved sand 8.

To avoid squeezing the signal tube 4, it can be surrounded by a perforated sheet or tube 9, as indicated in Pig · 4, or it can be pulled over a metal support tube 10 (fig. 8). In In both cases it must be ensured that either the contaminating substance comes to the tube 4 from the outside and it can destroy, or the liquid to the outside via the Mexallstutzrohr 10 with destroyed tube 4 can penetrate. In jig. 5 shows a float switch 11 which reports the drop in the liquid level. Pig. Fig. 6 shows a flow meter 12, the dad flow the liquid signals. Fig. 7 shows the bottom a foot device 12, with which it is possible, the prints to check in a closed system «For all

Jc «/« t / \ J f> \ j nt

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Signal devices solder the tube 4 and the lead to the signal devices 7 filled with liquid.

at least in the case of Pig »5 and 6, in which it is

A Sohaden rode on pipeline 1, so that from p

the pipeline 1 carried kcabamialerende substances 16 aua- ^

can occur, I collect the substances 16 In the hollow \

space 17 around that tube 4 and destroy ea. This can \

the Plüaelgkeit 15 also exit into the cavity 17, |

since they are either under your pressure or their own weight? Y

is under the pressure of a pressure Gaeeo H. This emanation T

is reported by the measuring devices 11, 12, 13 and to the r

Alarm signal exploited. In real life, the liquid 15 can only escape through surface damage or possibly through evaporation, since the tube 4 is closed at the end and is firmly connected to the tube 3 by the jacket film 3. In order to be able to follow the soil forms, as Figo 1 shows, different signal points are possible, which have branches either in only one direction or in two directions. In the latter Palle'auß - for example by vaccination

15 sit racLisäl ^ tiirsi ^! ^ 'Tay ^ gH an * · na g StrSSre «

the fluid can be tracked "in order to be able to fix * the sore spot" \

Claims (1)

Ij ■ 1 1. Device for the detection and localization of leaks on pipe lines that carry contaminating substances, fc especially in difficult to access pipeline sections ,; ', using at least one between the Kohrleitungs- jj ^ -S outer wall and the iSantelfolie laid signal elements, the ; i due to the substance escaping from a leak, a change change that triggers the signal. ; ' % ' characterized by ^: i 6aii the signal element as disintegrated by the escaping substance | ' ί «förbarss rnd pipe under static pressure ; i rißgta Durohmessers formed and along the Eohrleitungs- ^: ,:. outer wall is arranged at least at the point where f & QT collects any material escaping from the drilling pipe. ! r P 2,) device naoh claim 1, characterized in that |; the tube laid along the drilling line into several ι itendeto, partially overlapping sections for . Isolation oißor leak parts within eijces of sections (9263/64) - 19 - 3.) Device naeia claim "5 or 2, characterized, se & zeiohaeti that for the exact localization of a leak a radioactively inoculated medium can be looped through the destroyed tube, the exit point of which is by means of of a radiation measuring device Ta is tunable " 19987