DE19956316A1 - Process for working up a composition processed by hot pressing to shape-stable moldings and filled with cubic boron nitride uses a homogeneous distribution of hard material particles - Google Patents

Process for working up a composition processed by hot pressing to shape-stable moldings and filled with cubic boron nitride uses a homogeneous distribution of hard material particles

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Publication number
DE19956316A1
DE19956316A1 DE1999156316 DE19956316A DE19956316A1 DE 19956316 A1 DE19956316 A1 DE 19956316A1 DE 1999156316 DE1999156316 DE 1999156316 DE 19956316 A DE19956316 A DE 19956316A DE 19956316 A1 DE19956316 A1 DE 19956316A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
hard material
boron nitride
hot pressing
cubic boron
material particles
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DE1999156316
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German (de)
Inventor
Ralf Riedel
Christoph Konetschny
Frank Hoenack
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE1999156316 priority Critical patent/DE19956316A1/en
Publication of DE19956316A1 publication Critical patent/DE19956316A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C04B35/575—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained by pressure sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/583—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride
    • C04B35/5831—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride based on cubic boron nitrides or Wurtzitic boron nitrides, including crystal structure transformation of powder

Abstract

Process for working up a composition processed by hot pressing to shape-stable moldings and filled with cubic boron nitride uses a homogeneous distribution of hard material particles. Preferred Features: The moldings are produced by thermally induced pyrolysis. The composition has a ceramic binder phase.

Description

Keramische Materialien im System Si-C-O sind Werkstoffe, die sich besonders durch ihre Hochtemperaturoxidationsstabilität auszeichnen. Anwendungen sind sowohl im Bereich von Beschichtungen unterschiedlicher Substrate (z. B. US 4043977, US 5492730) als auch zur Herstellung von Fasern (z. B. US 5223461) und faserverstärkten Verbundwerkstoffen bekannt. Die gemessenen mechanischen Eigenschaften bleiben dabei bis zu Temperaturen von 1200°C nahezu konstant.Ceramic materials in the Si-C-O system are materials that are special are characterized by their high temperature oxidation stability. Applications are both in the field of coatings of different substrates (e.g. US 4043977, US 5492730) as well as for the production of fibers (e.g. US 5223461) and fiber-reinforced composite materials. The measured  mechanical properties remain up to temperatures of 1200 ° C almost constant.

Für die Herstellung abrasiv wirkender Werkstoffe für die spanabhebende Bearbeitung von Metallen sind zahlreiche Werkstoffsysteme entwickelt worden. Neben den klassischen Hartmetallen, die sich aus Karbiden in einer metallischen Matrix aufbauen, sind vor allem keramisch gebundene Hartstoffpartikel, wie z. B. Al2O3-Hartstoff-Komposite (EP 0715930), cBN- Metallkarbid-Komposite (US 3767371) und Diamantwerkstoffe entwickelt worden. Des weiteren sind unterschiedliche Beschichtungsverfahren, wie z. B. kubisches Bornitrid mit Nitridbeschichtungen (US 5882777) oder Al2O3- TiCN/TiCNO-Beschichtungen (US 5861210) entwickelt worden. Eine weitere Klasse von Werkstoffen stellen die whisker- und partikelverstärkten Materialien (z. B. US 5420083) dar.Numerous material systems have been developed for the production of abrasive materials for metal machining. In addition to the classic hard metals, which are made up of carbides in a metallic matrix, ceramically bonded hard material particles, e.g. B. Al 2 O 3 hard material composites (EP 0715930), cBN metal carbide composites (US 3767371) and diamond materials have been developed. Furthermore, different coating methods, such as. B. cubic boron nitride with nitride coatings (US 5882777) or Al 2 O 3 - TiCN / TiCNO coatings (US 5861210) have been developed. Another class of materials are the whisker and particle reinforced materials (e.g. US 5420083).

Bei der Zerspanung von Grauguß mit Vermiculargraphit (CGI) sind die Schneidwerkstoffe besonders aggressiven Verschleißbeanspruchungen ausgesetzt, die bei Verwendung von kommerziell zugänglichen Materialien zu großen Standzeit- und Standwegreduzierungen geführt haben. Als Hauptverschleißursachen sind kürzlich die Oxidation der Bindephase und die Oxidation der abrasiv wirkenden Hartstoffpartikel festgestellt worden. Weiterhin tragen die unzureichende Festigkeit bzw. die niedrige Härte der gegenwärtig zum Einsatz kommenden Werkstoffe zum Versagen im wirkenden Anforderungsprofil bei.When machining gray cast iron with vermicular graphite (CGI), these are Cutting materials particularly aggressive wear exposed to using commercially available materials large reductions in tool life and tool life. As The main causes of wear recently are the oxidation of the binding phase and the Oxidation of the abrasive hard particles has been found. Farther bear the inadequate strength or low hardness of the present materials used for failure in the effective Requirement profile at.

Das in dieser Patentanmeldung vorgestellte Verfahren beinhaltet die geeignete Herstellung einer keramischen Si-C-O Bindephase, in der eine homogene Verteilung der abrasiv wirkenden Hartstoffpartikel realisiert ist. Als Vorstufen zur Erzeugung der Si-C-O-haltigen Bindephase kommen z. B. Polysiloxane zum Einsatz. Als abrasiv wirkende Füllstoffe werden Nitride, Karbide und Oxide der Elemente der III bis IV Hauptgruppe, im besonderen kubisches BN, SiC, Si3N4 und Al2O3, verwendet. Der Gehalt an abrasiv wirkenden Füllstoffen ist generell größer als 50 Volumenprozent und beträgt vorzugsweise 70-90 Volumen­ prozent.The method presented in this patent application includes the suitable production of a ceramic Si-CO binder phase in which a homogeneous distribution of the abrasive hard material particles is realized. As precursors for the production of the Si-CO-containing binding phase come, for. B. polysiloxanes for use. Nitrides, carbides and oxides of the elements of the III to IV main group, in particular cubic BN, SiC, Si 3 N 4 and Al 2 O 3 , are used as abrasive fillers. The content of abrasive fillers is generally greater than 50 percent by volume and is preferably 70-90 percent by volume.

Der präkeramische Formkörper wird über uniaxiales Warmpressen bei Temperaturen zwischen 30 und 300°C bei Drucken zwischen 10 und 650 MPa hergestellt. Zur Einstellung geeigneter Packungsdichten werden diese Parameter über Zeiträume zwischen 30 s und 1 h konstant gehalten. Es resultieren riß- und porenfreie, vorzugsweise mit kubischem Bornitrid gefüllte Formkörper, die anschließend thermisch induziert zu keramischen Komposit­ materialien pyrolysiert werden können. Die Pyrolyse erfolgt unter Schutzgasbedingungen, vorzugsweise unter Argon, bei Temperaturen zwischen 600 und 1500°C und einer Pyrolysedauer von 30 bis 300 min. Die verwendete Heizrate beträgt zwischen 5 und 150 K/h.The preceramic molded body is pressed using uniaxial hot pressing Temperatures between 30 and 300 ° C at pressures between 10 and 650 MPa manufactured. These are used to set suitable packing densities Parameters kept constant over periods between 30 s and 1 h. It result in crack and pore-free, preferably filled with cubic boron nitride Shaped body, which is then thermally induced to ceramic composite materials can be pyrolyzed. The pyrolysis takes place under Shielding gas conditions, preferably under argon, at temperatures between 600 and 1500 ° C and a pyrolysis time of 30 to 300 min. The one used Heating rate is between 5 and 150 K / h.

Mit dem beschriebenen Processing lassen sich Werkzeuge herstellen, die besonders für die Bearbeitung duktiler, eisenhaltiger Werkstoffe, wie z. B. GGV und duktile austenitische Stähle, aber auch anderer, durch Zerspanung zu bearbeitender Werkstoffe geeignet sind. With the processing described, tools can be produced that especially for the processing of ductile, ferrous materials, such as B. GGV and ductile austenitic steels, but also others, by machining machining materials are suitable.  

Beispielexample

Vorzugsweise wird kubisches Bornitridpulver mit definierter Teilchengröße in einem zweikomponentigen Polysiloxansystem homogen verteilt. Hierzu bieten sich gängige Präparationsmethode wie Mischen oder Kneten an. Durch thermisch induzierte Polyadditionsreaktionen zwischen den beiden Polysiloxankomponenten während der Fertigung von Formkörpern in der Warmpreßperiode wird eine homogene Verteilung der Hartstoffpartikel in einem elastischen Material realisiert. Aufgrund der hohen Viskosität der Polysiloxankomponenten wird vor und nach der Vernetzung eine Sedimentation der Füllstoffpartikel unterdrückt. Der Verteilungszustand der Füllstoffpartikel bleibt auch während der Polymer-Keramik-Transformation im Material erhalten und garantiert auf diesem Wege die Erzeugung einer neuartigen auf cBN basierenden Schneidkeramik mit einer Si-C-O Bindephase.Cubic boron nitride powder with a defined particle size is preferably in a two-component polysiloxane system homogeneously distributed. To do this common preparation methods such as mixing or kneading. By thermally induced polyaddition reactions between the two Polysiloxane components during the production of moldings in the The hot pressing period is a homogeneous distribution of the hard material particles in one realized elastic material. Due to the high viscosity of the Polysiloxane components become sedimentation before and after crosslinking suppresses the filler particles. The state of distribution of the filler particles remains in the material even during the polymer-ceramic transformation and in this way guarantees the creation of a new type on cBN based cutting ceramics with a Si-C-O binding phase.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Aufbereitung einer durch Warmpressen zu formstabilen Formkörpern verarbeitbaren, vorzugsweise mit kubischem Bornitrid gefüllten Masse, die sich durch eine homogene Verteilung der Hartstoffpartikel auszeichnet.1. Process for the preparation of a dimensionally stable by hot pressing Molded bodies processable, preferably filled with cubic boron nitride Mass resulting from a homogeneous distribution of the hard material particles distinguished. 2. Erzeugung einer keramischen Bindephase im System Si-C-O in den nach 1. hergestellten Formkörpern durch thermisch induzierte Pyrolyse.2. Generation of a ceramic binder phase in the Si-C-O system in the after 1. Moldings produced by thermally induced pyrolysis. 3. Der Füllstoffgehalt im keramisierten Material gemäß Anspruch 1 kann zwischen 30 und 90 Volumenprozent variiert werden.3. The filler content in the ceramic material according to claim 1 can can be varied between 30 and 90 percent by volume. 4. Die Füllstoffe sind Nitride, Karbide oder Oxide von Elementen der III und IV Hauptgruppe des Periodensystems der Elemente, vorzugsweise SiC, Si3N4, kubisches BN oder Al2O3.4. The fillers are nitrides, carbides or oxides of elements of the III and IV main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, preferably SiC, Si 3 N 4 , cubic BN or Al 2 O 3 . 5. Die Partikelgröße der Hartstofffüller nach Anspruch 3 kann sowohl nano- als auch mikroskalig sein.5. The particle size of the hard material filler according to claim 3 can be nano- as well as being microscale. 6. Die Kompaktion der Masse gemäß Anspruch 1 erfolgt unter Warmpress­ bedingungen bei Temperaturen zwischen 30 und 300°C, vorzugsweise bei 130 bis 170°C, und bei Drucken zwischen 10 und 650 MPa.6. The compaction of the mass according to claim 1 takes place under hot press conditions at temperatures between 30 and 300 ° C, preferably at 130 to 170 ° C, and at pressures between 10 and 650 MPa. 7. Die Erzeugung der keramischen Bindephase gemäß Anspruch 1 erfolgt in Inertgasatmosphäre, vorzugsweise Argon, mit einer Heizrate zwischen 5 und 150 K/h bei Temperaturen zwischen 600 und 1500°C. Die Haltezeit beträgt zwischen 30 und 300 min.7. The generation of the ceramic binder phase according to claim 1 takes place in Inert gas atmosphere, preferably argon, with a heating rate between 5 and 150 K / h at temperatures between 600 and 1500 ° C. The hold time is between 30 and 300 min.
DE1999156316 1999-11-23 1999-11-23 Process for working up a composition processed by hot pressing to shape-stable moldings and filled with cubic boron nitride uses a homogeneous distribution of hard material particles Withdrawn DE19956316A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10243017B4 (en) * 2002-01-30 2013-08-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ceramic composite and glow plug with such a composite material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10243017B4 (en) * 2002-01-30 2013-08-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ceramic composite and glow plug with such a composite material

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