DE19951542A1 - Liner - Google Patents

Abstract

An inner shoe (10) for fixing in an outer shoe (20) comprises a watertight inner shoe material (15) and a sole region (12) with a sole outer surface (14) comprising a coating (30), which forms a combination with the inner shoe material (15). Said coating (30) is preferably in a vulcanised elastomer. The inventive inner shoe (10) is durably watertight.

Description

The invention relates to a waterproof removable from an outer shoe Liner. Furthermore, the invention relates to a shoe, the one according to the invention contains waterproof liner and a method of applying a coating on the sole area of an inner shoe.

Waterproof liners are more waterproof in the footwear industry Shoes known. Such liners usually have the shape of a sock and exist made of a waterproof material. They are waterproof during the manufacture Shoes firmly or releasably attached to a water-permeable outer shoe.

U.S. Patent No. RE 34,890 (Sacre) describes a sock-like one Lining piece, hereinafter referred to as the inner sock, for insertion into a shoe. This inner sock covers the inner surface of a shoe and consists of one textile laminate, with a waterproof and water vapor permeable functional layer is laminated. The functional layer does that The shoe is waterproof and at the same time allows water vapor to pass through. The inner sock is sewn to the upper edge of the shoe and additionally via partial (local) Glue dots attached to the shoe.

German patent DE 36 28 913 C2 discloses a shoe with a removable sock-like lining. The inner lining consists of a Lining material and is laminated with a textile layer. The lining material is an air-permeable, vapor-permeable and waterproof functional layer. Heel and Achilles tendon area of the inner lining are with a stiffening outer mold support provided, which gives the inner lining a shape adapted to the shaft shape. This Equipment requires a simple and wrinkle-free insertion of the inner lining into the Shoe interior. The lining material is washable.

A removable one is from the Italian utility model IT TO 94 U 000135 Lining known with the help of snaps, a zipper or Velcro is fastened in a shoe. The lining is made to waterproof the shoe constructed of a waterproof and water vapor permeable material.  

A disadvantage of the sock-like waterproof described in the prior art Inner shoes is that they are strong during their intended use are exposed to mechanical stress. This leads to one after a short time mechanical damage to the liner, especially the waterproof one Liner material. Damage to the inner shoe material is the reason that the Liner is no longer waterproof.

The well-known inner shoe material contains a waterproof functional layer like for example a membrane or a film. This functional layer is usually very thin so as not to impair the mobility of the liner. That is enough even the smallest damage to the functional layer, the inner shoe water permeable to find.

In the case of shoes with removable inner shoes, the fastening means can be used to Fastening the inner shoe in the outer shoe Foreign objects such as stones, grains, Dust particles and the like in the space between the outer and inner shoe reach. These foreign bodies rub and rub between the outside and Liner material and thereby stress the liner material which the thin contains waterproof and water vapor permeable functional layer. This scouring and Frictional stress causes holes to form in the inner shoe material and cracks and thereby damages the functional layer in such a way that the water resistance the inner shoe is no longer guaranteed.

Furthermore, a removable inner shoe is only over at its upper inner shoe edge various fasteners connected to the outer shoe. It is located the sole area of the inner shoe is loose and freely movable within the outer shoe. Since there is no internal fixation of the liner, it occurs during the Use of a shoe to rub and rub the inner shoe inside the outer shoe. Especially in the sole and heel area it comes through Up and down movement of the sole of the foot to an excessive mechanical Stress. The result is that watertight seams rub and holes and tears arise within the inner shoe material and the functional layer. Are located in addition the above-mentioned foreign bodies between the inner shoe and the Outer shoe material, the damage to the functional layer is accelerated. The entire shoe becomes water-tight and loses its functionality.

The object of the present invention is a waterproof shoe with a one Outer shoe removable waterproof liner, the liner resistant to mechanical loads such as abrasive and Is friction and therefore remains permanently waterproof.

An additional object of the invention is a removable one from an outer shoe waterproof liner that can be washed several times without the liner losing its water resistance.

Another additional task is a waterproof liner that is made of can be anchored within an outer shoe in such a way that there is strong adhesion of the Liner comes in the outer shoe and thus frictional movements between Liner and outer shoe are largely avoided.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a to develop permanently waterproof liner.

The task is solved by a shoe of an outer shoe and an inner shoe having. The outer shoe has a shoe bottom containing a shoe bottom material an inside of the shoe bottom. The liner has a waterproof liner material and a sole area with a sole outer side. The outside of the sole is with provided with a coating of an elastomer. The coating goes with the Liner material a composite.

In one embodiment, the coating has a coefficient of friction of greater than 0.9 based on the shoe bottom material on the inside of the shoe bottom.

With a liner designed in this way, it is possible to have a permanently waterproof one Manufacture shoe. The coating provides the outer sole of the inner shoe such a protective covering that rubbing and rubbing movements as well Foreign objects in the sole area do not damage the inner shoe material being able to lead.

Furthermore, the coating enables the sole area of the inner shoe to adhere in the outer shoe. In connection with the shoe bottom material, the inner shoe shows one  high slip resistance. This adhesion of the coating to the shoe bottom material will expressed with the coefficient of friction that the coating material with respect to the Has shoe bottom material. Liability between the shoe bottom material and the Elastomer is achieved with a coefficient of friction greater than 0.9. Preferably, the Coefficient of friction greater than 1.5.

The coefficient of friction depends on the materials used for the shoe bottom and the coating. The shoe bottom preferably contains an insole, which the The inside of the shoe bottom forms.

Due to the adhesion, the inner shoe shows a firm hold in the outer shoe and is not more the previous rubbing and rubbing movements of a loose hook Liner exposed.

With the waterproof liner according to the invention it is possible to have a permanent to produce a waterproof shoe. The coating protects both the outside of the sole of the inner shoe against abrasion and friction movements as well as against foreign bodies in the Sole area.

Furthermore, the inner shoe with the coating is washable. The firm bond of Coating material and liner material allows the liner to be made the outer shoe can be removed and washed without it There are signs of detachment between the inner shoe material and the coating material. Detachment phenomena are understood when the coating material differs from the inner shoe material, for example, during a washing process and a protective covering of the outer sole of the inner shoe is no longer provided. The inner shoe can do more than ten industrial washing cycles without any signs of detachment run through. After this number of wash cycles, the liner is the same waterproof as before.

The elastomer from which the coating is formed is preferably made of Group of synthetic polymers chosen. These include silicones, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes. Also one Mixture of at least two of the aforementioned polymers can be selected. Natural rubber can also be selected.  

The polymers from which the coating is formed are preferably in shape a polymer dispersion, a polymer solution or a polymer melt. In In a preferred embodiment, the coating is made from a polymer dispersion educated.

A polychloroprene dispersion preferably comes as a natural or dispersed in water synthetic rubber, for use. A latex mixture is preferably used a portion of natural rubber used because such a coating is highly elastic and is very stretchy. This offers the advantage that the hardened coating prevents the buckling and withstand bending stresses in a shoe without breaking or Tear the coating comes. It is also possible with the polymer dispersion apply a thin layer of coating material to the sole area so that the Liner stays agile and flexible.

The coating can be by dipping, brushing, spraying, rolling or with a Brush to be applied to the outside of the sole area of the liner. The coating is preferably made by soaking or immersing the inner shoe in applied a bath with the polymer dispersion. This makes it possible to apply the coating to be applied and applied precisely within the specified contours of the sole area the number and duration of the dipping process a defined thickness of the coating adjust.

The polymer dispersion points to the sole area of the inner shoe before it is applied a viscosity between 40-600 mPas / s. The viscosity is preferably 40- 80 mPas / s. With this low viscosity, the polymer dispersion in one preferred first embodiment easily flow into the pores and the pore spaces fill in and thus a firm and permanent bond with the liner material produce.

The firm bond can be achieved by two preferred embodiments, however, the invention is not limited to these embodiments.

In a first embodiment, the inner shoe material preferably contains at least a porous material so that the elastomer and preferably the polymer dispersion can at least partially penetrate into the pores of the inner shoe material. The  porous material can be a porous waterproof functional layer, a porous textile Flat structure or a textile laminate which is at least one porous Functional layer and has at least one porous textile fabric. The advantage of this configuration is that the coating material is in the pores of the liner material anchored during the vulcanization process and a firm one Becomes part of the inner shoe material. The liner can easily be made several times the outer shoe can be removed and washed without dissolving the Bond between inner shoe material and coating comes.

In another embodiment, the inner shoe material contains a textile A non-porous waterproof functional layer or a textile laminate with at least one non-porous functional layer. The elastomer, for example in the form a polymer dispersion, penetrates to the non-porous functional layer and is stored due to the adhesive forces between the functional layer and the polymer dispersion the functional layer. This deposit has a firm adhesion between the coating and functional layer. In this case, too, there is a firm bond between the liner material and the coating. The liner can continue can be removed from the outer shoe and washed as often as you like without it There are signs of detachment between the inner shoe material and the coating.

In a preferred first embodiment, the inner shoe material is a textile Laminate with a waterproof and water vapor permeable functional layer, preferably an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane. It is the functional layer is laminated to at least one textile fabric. This Flat structure is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a fleece or a knitted fabric.

The preferred use of a textile laminate with a waterproof and water vapor permeable functional layer as an inner shoe material that the Liner is also water vapor permeable in addition to water resistance. Thus Water vapor such as sweat moisture from the liner over the Functional layer and released by the outer shoe material to the environment.

The method for producing an inner shoe according to the invention with a sole area and an outer side has the following steps:

• a) providing an inner shoe,  
• b) inserting a filling material into the inner shoe,
• c) coating the outside of the sole area of the inner shoe with an elastomer.

In addition to step c), the coating can be dried in a further step d) respectively. Drying is preferably carried out up to a temperature of 80 ° C in one Time of maximum 30 min.

In a further step e), which is followed by step d), the is vulcanized Coating. The vulcanization preferably takes place at a temperature of 120 ° C a maximum of 20 minutes.

The filling material fills the inside of the liner and brings the liner in Form that the coating can be applied evenly in the sole area. The filling material is preferably a shoe last.

The inner shoe according to the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following drawings are explained:

Fig. 1 shows a shoe which is constructed with an inner shoe according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a section through an outer shoe with an insole and an inner shoe.

Fig. 3 shows the inner shoe according to the invention.

Fig. 4 shows a cross section of a textile laminate, which is part of an inner shoe.

FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the functional layer used in FIG. 3.

Fig. 6 shows a known liner.

Fig. 7 shows the method steps ac for applying the coating according to the invention.

definitions Waterproof

The term waterproof means that the material to be examined can withstand a water inlet pressure of more than 0.13 bar. The material can preferably withstand a water pressure of more than 1 bar. The measurement is carried out by exposing a sample of the material to be examined with an area of 100 cm ^{2 to} an increasing water pressure. For this purpose, distilled water with a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C is used. The increase in water pressure is 60 ± 3 cmH ₂ O / min. The water inlet pressure of the sample corresponds to the pressure at which water breaks through on the opposite side of the sample. The exact method for performing this test is described in ISO Standard No. 811 from 1981.

Permeable to water vapor

The term permeable to water vapor becomes apparent through the water vapor resistance Ret of the so-called material defined. The Ret value is specific Material property of flat structures or material structures, which the "latent" Evaporative heat flow through a given area due to an existing one stationary partial pressure gradients determined.

The water vapor resistance is tested with the Hohenstein skin model test determined which in the standard test specification No. BPI 1.4 of September 1987 of Apparel Physiological Institute e. V. Hohenstein is described.

A membrane / laminate that has a Ret of less than 150 (m ² Pa) / W is defined as permeable to water vapor. The functional layer preferably has a Ret of less than 20 (m ² Pa) / W.

Functional layer

The term functional layer is used to describe a layer with waterproof and water vapor permeable properties used.  

Coefficient of friction

The determination of the coefficient of friction µ is used to assess sole materials with regard to their sliding (sliding) behavior on defined floor coverings.

The coefficient of friction is a proportionality constant. It is made up of the frictional force F _R and the normal force F _N. The friction force F _R is the force acting on the contact surface of two solid bodies due to their roughness, which inhibits the movement of the bodies against each other. It acts parallel to the contact surface and against movement. It is proportional to the contact force that presses one body against the other.

F _R = µ × F _N applies.

A distinction is made between static and sliding friction. The static friction is the friction that has to be overcome as a threshold value at the beginning of the equilibrium or is the friction between bodies resting relative to each other for which the attacking force is not sufficient to cause a relative movement. The static friction number is denoted by µ _s .

The sliding friction is the friction between bodies moving relative to each other, which remains effective immediately after overcoming the static friction at the specified sliding speed. The sliding friction number is denoted by µ _D.

The coefficient of friction µ is determined by determining the coefficients of static friction (µ _S ) and sliding friction (µ _D ) based on DIN 53375 "Determination of the friction ratio".

The test device described in DIN 53375 consists of a drive mechanism for generating a uniform relative movement of the two friction partners against each other and a force measuring device for registering the friction forces. The relative movement can be achieved by a moving sample table or by moving the measuring device in the opposite direction. The normal force F _N is generated by a friction block with a felt covering and a mass of 200 g.

Two test specimens, each with an area of 80 mm × 200 mm, are used for each measurement needed. At least three such pairs must be checked. The surfaces of the test specimens  must be kept free of contamination. Preferably, the surfaces of the Test specimen cleaned with alcohol.

The shoe 1 shown in Fig. 1 consists of an outer shoe 20 with an inventive inner shoe 10. The inner shoe 10 has an upper inner shoe edge 16 which encloses an inner shoe opening 18 for receiving a foot. From the inner shoe 10 , only the upper inner shoe edge 16 with a fastening device 40 is visible, since the remaining inner shoe 10 is located inside the outer shoe 20 .

The outer shoe 20 consists of an outer shoe shaft 22 and a shoe bottom 52 . The shoe bottom 52 is the lower region of a shoe 1 and contains an insole 27 (not shown in FIG. 1), an outsole 24 and an outsole 54 . In one embodiment, the shoe bottom 52 has only one outsole 24 and one outsole 54 . The shoe bottom 52 has at least one shoe bottom material 53 .

The outsole 24 and the outsole 54 are made of waterproof material such as rubber or plastic such as polyurethane or of non-waterproof but breathable material such as in particular leather or leather provided with rubber or plastic inlays. A plastic sole made of polyurethane is preferably used. The outsole 24 is molded onto the outer shoe shaft 22 , pinched, glued or sewn on. The outsole 54 is injection molded, tweaked, glued or sewn onto the outsole 24 .

The outer shoe upper 22 is constructed with a water-permeable outer shoe material, such as leather or textile materials. The textile materials can be woven, knitted, crocheted, fleece or felt. These textile materials can be made from natural fibers or synthetic fibers. Synthetic fibers are made, for example, from polyesters, polyamides, polypropylenes or polyolefins or mixtures of at least two such materials.

The outer shoe shaft 22 has a tongue area 23 with a tongue 25 . The tongue 25 can be in the form of a tongue bag connected to the outer shoe shaft 22 or as a tongue 25 which can move freely from the outer shoe shaft 22 .

On the outer side 26 of the outer shoe shaft 22 , a plurality of closure elements, such as eyelets 36, for receiving a lacing strap for fastening the shoe 1 to a foot are fastened. Instead of the eyelets 36 , hooks, loops or a Velcro fastener can also be provided.

The outer shoe shaft 22 has an upper outer shoe edge 29 . The upper outer shoe edge 29 forms an outer shoe opening 38 for receiving the inner shoe 10 .

An outer shoe fastening device 50 for fastening the inner shoe 10 is preferably located on the outer side 26 at the upper outer shoe edge 29 .

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the outer shoe 20 contains a shoe bottom 52 which contains at least one shoe bottom material 53 and which contains an insole 27 . The outer shoe 20 has an outer shoe shaft 22 with an outer side 26 and an inner side 28 . The shoe bottom 52 also has an outsole 24 and an outsole 54 . The insole 27 is glued to the outsole 24 and, with its insole surface 39 directed towards the outer shoe opening 38 , forms the inside of the shoe bottom 56 . The insole 27 has an insole material from the group of leather, leather substitutes, plastics and textile fabrics. In one embodiment, the insole 27 is a combination of at least two insole materials from the group consisting of leather, leather substitutes, plastics, rubber and textile fabrics. The textile fabric can be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric or a knitted fabric, needle fleece preferably being used. For example, nylon is used as the plastic.

An insole 27 made of leather or leather substitutes is preferably selected. Customary insoles 27 are made of viscose, for example a viscose insole available under the trade name TEXON® from Texon Mockmuhl GmbH in Mockmuhl, Germany, or a fleece insole such as polyester fleece, to which melt fibers can be added. An insole 27 made of leather or glued leather fibers is also common.

In the outer shoe 20 there is an inner shoe 10 according to the invention with a coating 30 in its sole region 12 . The sole area 12 of the inner shoe 10 rests on the surface 39 of the insole 27 , which forms the inside of the sliding floor 56 .

An inner shoe 10 according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3. The inner shoe 10 contains an inner shoe material 15 and has a sole area 12 and an outer side 14 . The inner shoe 10 has an upper inner shoe edge 16 which encloses an inner shoe opening 18 for receiving a foot. At the upper inner shoe edge 16 there is an inner shoe fastening device 40 for attaching the inner shoe 10 to the outer shoe fastening device 50 of the outer shoe 20 .

Reinforcing materials or padding 19 can be attached to the outer side 14 of the inner shoe 10 . The inner shoe 10 has a tongue bag 17 connected to the inner shoe material 15 .

The inner shoe 10 is assembled from individual parts consisting of inner shoe material 15 .

The sole area 12 of the inner shoe 10 comprises the tip 32 and heel 34 and a sole edge area 21 . The outer side 14 of the inner shoe 10 is provided with a coating 30 in the sole area 12 . As shown in FIG. 3, the coating 30 completely covers the sole region 12 in one embodiment.

The inner shoe 10 and the outer shoe 20 are connected to one another via a first fastening device 40 and a second fastening device 50 . The first fastening device 40 and the second fastening device 50 can be formed from a Velcro fastener, a zipper, from hooks and eyes, from cords or from push buttons. In Fig. 3, the first fastening device 40 is exemplarily formed as a velcro. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, mainly waterproof push buttons 62 are used. These are attached to the upper edge area of the inner shoe 10 and outer shoe 20 . In addition, the tongue 25 of the outer shoe 20 and the tongue bag 17 of the inner shoe 10 can be fastened to one another via a further Velcro fastener.

The inner shoe material 15 can be made of synthetic or natural material and is waterproof.

The inner shoe material 15 preferably has a waterproof and water vapor-permeable functional layer 45 , which is connected to at least one textile fabric 82 to form a textile laminate 80 .

In Fig. 4 the cross section of the textile laminate 80 is shown made of a liner material 15. The textile laminate 80 consists of three layers, a first textile fabric 82 , the waterproof and water vapor-permeable functional layer 45 and a second textile fabric 84 . The functional layer 45 has a first side 47 and a second side 49 . The first textile fabric 82 and the second textile fabric 84 are laminated on the first side 47 and on the second side 49 of the functional layer 45 , respectively. In one embodiment, the functional layer 45 can also be connected only to a textile fabric 82 .

A textile fabric 82 can be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a nonwoven or a knitted fabric. A variety of materials such as polyesters, polyamides (nylon), polyolefins and others can be considered as materials. The first textile fabric 82 and the second textile fabric 84 are preferably a smooth or roughened knitted fabric made of polyester.

The functional layer 45 is preferably a membrane or a film. Suitable materials for a waterproof functional layer 45 are polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, polyurethane polyester, polyethylene, silicone, polyolefin, polyacrylate, polyamide, polypropylene including polyetherester. The functional layer 45 can be porous or non-porous.

The functional layer 45 in one embodiment of this invention is a porous polymeric layer 60 with a continuous non-porous hydrophilic water vapor permeable layer 70 . Such a layer structure can be seen in FIG. 5. The functional layer 45 is watertight and has a water vapor volume resistance of less than 150 × 10 ^-3 (m ² mbar) / W.

Preferably, the porous polymeric layer 60 is a microporous polymeric membrane with a microscopic structure of open interconnected microvoids. This layer is air permeable and water vapor permeable.

As polymers for the microporous membrane, plastic polymers can also be used elastic polymers are used. Suitable polymers can for example Polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins, polyketones, polysulfones, polycarbonates,  Fluoropolymers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, copolyether esters, copolyether amides and be different. The polymers are preferably plastic polymers.

The most preferred microporous polymeric material is expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). This material is characterized by a variety of open, interconnected cavities, a large void volume and of great strength. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene is soft, flexible, has stable chemical properties, a high water vapor transfer and a surface with a good rejection against contamination. Patents US-A-3 953 566 and US-A- 4 187 390 describe the production of such a membrane from microporous expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene and express reference is made to these patents.

The continuous water vapor permeable layer 70 is a hydrophilic polymer. Without limitation, suitable continuous water vapor permeable polymers are those from the polyurethane family, the silicone family, the copolyetherester family or the copolyetherester family of amides. Suitable copolyether esters of hydrophilic compositions are taught in US-A-4,493,870 (Vrouenraets) and US-A-4,725,481 (Ostapachenko). Suitable polyurethanes are described in US-A-4 194 041 (Gore). Suitable hydrophilic compositions can be found in US-A-4,234,838 (Foy et al.). A preferred class of continuous water vapor permeable polymers are polyurethanes, especially those containing oxyethylene units as described in US-A-4,532,316 (Henn).

Textile laminates 80 with the waterproof and water vapor-permeable functional layer 45 described above are available from WL Gore & Associates under the name GORE-TEX® laminate.

For the manufacture of an inner shoe 10 are cut from a liner material 15 such as of the above-described textile laminate 80 parts and joined together with at least one seam 13 to a liner 10 degrees. Such a manufactured inner shoe 10 is shown in FIG. 6. The resulting seams 13 can, for example, run in the Achilles heel area 4 and in the forefoot area 6 . The area where the Achilles heel of a foot is located is referred to as the Achilles heel area 4 of an inner shoe 10 . The forefoot portion 6 of the liner 10 includes the toes and the back of a foot. The seams 13 can be sewn, welded or glued and are watertight. For this purpose, the seams 13 are preferably sealed with a waterproof seam sealing tape 86 . Such a seam sealing tape 86 is sold under the brand name GORE-SEAM® seam sealing tape by the company WL Gore & Associates. The production of a waterproof and water vapor permeable inner shoe 10 is described in US Pat. No. RE 34,890 and express reference is made to this patent.

Referring to FIG. 3, the outer side 10 is provided 14 of the inner shoe in the sole area 12 with a coating 30.

The coating 30 is made of an elastomer. A vulcanized elastomer is preferably present. The elastomer is a natural or a synthetic polymer. In one embodiment, a mixture consisting of a natural and a synthetic polymer is applied to the inner shoe 10 . Natural rubber is preferably chosen as the natural polymer. The synthetic polymers come from the group of silicones, thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene-butadiene (SBS) or styrene-isophorone (SJS), polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes. The synthetic polymers are preferably selected from the group of the polychloroprene homopolymers (CR), the acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (NBR) and the carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (XNBR), polyurethanes.

The elastomer can be formed from a polymer dispersion, a polymer solution or a polymer melt. A polymer dispersion 95 is preferably used. A polychloroprene dispersion is preferably selected from the group of synthetic polymers. A corresponding polymer dispersion 95 is available, for example, from Polymer Latex GmbH, based in Marl, Germany, under the brand names BAYPREN®Latex and PERBUNAN®N Latex.

A polymer dispersion 95 which consists of a BAYPREN® latex with a proportion of natural rubber is particularly preferred. This polymer blend is highly elastic and very stretchy. It is available, for example, from WOLFF Gummi + Kunststoffe, based in Mörlenbach, Germany.

The coating 30 is applied by dipping, spraying or brushing an elastomer onto the outside 14 of the inner shoe 10 in the sole area 12 .

The inner shoe 10 is preferably immersed in a polymer dispersion 95 .

When the polymer dispersion 95 is applied, it forms a bond with the inner shoe material 15 .

If there is a textile laminate 80 as the inner shoe material 15 , the polymer dispersion 95 penetrates through the first textile fabric 82 to the functional layer 45 . The first textile fabric 82 is completely impregnated with the polymer dispersion 95 . In the case of a porous functional layer 45 , the polymer dispersion 45 additionally penetrates at least partially into the pores of the functional layer 45 and thus forms a firm bond between the textile laminate 80 and the polymer dispersion 95 .

In the case of a non-porous functional layer 45 , the polymer dispersion 95 is preferably attached to the functional layer 45 without bubbles. In this process, the bond comes about through the adhesion of the polymer dispersion 95 on the non-porous functional layer 45 due to adhesive forces.

Polymer dispersions 95 with a low viscosity are required for these processes. The viscosity of a polymer dispersion is between 40-600 mPas / sec, preferably between 40-80 mPas / sec.

In a preferred embodiment, the inner shoe material 15 contains a textile laminate 80 with a microporous functional layer 45 . The functional layer 45 is a microporous ePTFE membrane, which is laminated together with a first sheet 82 made of a knitted polyester fabric and a second sheet 84 also made of a knitted polyester fabric.

The polymer dispersion 95 penetrates the first textile fabric 82 of the textile laminate 80 during the dipping process and completely soaks and encases the polyester fibers. Due to the low viscosity of the polymer dispersion 95 , this can at least partially reach the pores of the microporous functional layer 45 . The polymer dispersion 95 penetrated in this way hardens within the pores of the functional layer 45 and the pores of the first textile fabric 82 and form a solid and non-detachable bond in itself and simultaneously with the textile laminate 80 .

This process of coating the outside 14 of the inner shoe 10 in the sole region 12 is not restricted to the use of a polymer dispersion 95 . In addition to a polymer dispersion 95 , polymer solutions or polymer melts can also be used to coat the outside 14 .

The coating 30 is preferably applied by dipping the sole region 12 of the inner shoe 10 into a polymer dispersion 95 .

A schematic representation of the dipping process is shown in Fig. 7a-c and is explained below.

FIGS. 7a-c show a dip tank 90, in which polymer dispersion 95 is sufficient with room temperature between 10-35 ° C, advantageously around 20 ° C.

The prefabricated inner shoe 10 made of the textile laminate 80 is provided. A shoe last 98 is inserted into the inner shoe 10 . The shoe last 98 has the function of filling the inner shoe 10 and thus giving it a three-dimensional foot-like shape. Furthermore, the surface of the inner shoe 10 is thereby tightened and the coating 30 can be applied evenly and smoothly. The shoe last 98 is designed to be pivotable on a rod 92 .

In FIG. 7, the first step is shown of an immersion process. The inner shoe 10 is pivoted so that the heel area 34 is immersed in the polymer dispersion 95 .

In a second step, as can be seen in FIG. 7b, the inner shoe 10 swivels in the immersion container 90 such that the outside 14 of the sole area 12 dips into the polymer dispersion 95 in relation to the heel area 34 . A sole edge region 21 is also covered with polymer dispersion 95 . The height of the sole edge region 21 can be adjusted as required by dipping the inner shoe 10 higher or lower into the polymer dispersion 95 . The height of the sole edge region 21 is preferably not more than 5 cm.

A third step of the diving process is shown in FIG. 7c. The inner shoe 10 swings out of the immersion container 90 . The tip 32 of the inner shoe 10 is immersed deeply in the polymer dispersion 95 .

With these three steps 7 a - 7 c, the entire sole region 12 has received a coating 30 made of the polymer dispersion 95 .

The layer thickness d of the coating 30 should be more than 0.2 mm. The layer thickness d should preferably be between 0.4 mm and 4 mm. A layer thickness d of 1 mm is particularly preferred so that the inner shoe 10 remains movable and flexible.

After the dipping process, the coating 30 is dried and vulcanized to harden the polymer dispersion 95 . The drying immediately follows the dipping process. This process step serves to remove moisture from the polymer dispersion 95 in order to prevent the formation of bubbles in the coating 30 by evaporating moisture during the later vulcanization process. Drying takes place in an oven at a temperature around 70 ° C for a maximum of 30 minutes. A flow dryer from Heraeus can be used as the drying oven.

The vulcanization takes place after drying and serves to harden the polymer dispersion 95 on and in the inner shoe material 15 . This step takes place in an oven at a temperature of around 120 ° C for a maximum of 20 minutes. A known UVSM drying tunnel can be used as the furnace.

In a further exemplary embodiment, the coating 30 is applied to the sole region 12 by spraying. For this purpose, a prefabricated inner shoe 10 made of the textile laminate 80 is provided. A shoe last 98 is inserted into the inner shoe 10 . The outside 14 of the inner shoe 10 is covered with the exception of the sole area 12 , so that the sole area 12 with the tip 32 , heel 34 and sole edge area 21 remains free. A commercially available spray gun, for example a GR 92 spray gun from Sata from Korn-Westheim, Germany, is filled with a polymer dispersion 95 . The free sole area 12 of the inner shoe 10 is sprayed with the polymer dispersion 95 from the spray gun until the entire sole area 12 is visually homogeneously covered with the polymer dispersion 95 . The thickness of the coating 30 can be adjusted over the duration of the spraying process. The coating 30 is then dried and vulcanized in order to harden the polymer dispersion 95 .

The coefficient of friction μ of the inner shoe 10 according to the invention with a coating 30 in the sole area 12 was determined in relation to the commonly used shoe bottom materials and the coated inner shoe material 15 .

The test is carried out and evaluated in accordance with DIN 53375. For this purpose, the friction behavior of an inner shoe material 15 with a coating 30 according to the invention against two insole materials is examined. The first test specimen is the inner shoe material 15 according to the invention with a coating 30 . The second test specimen is two insole materials as a friction surface. The first insole material is the TEXON® described above and the second insole material is an insole leather.

The results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1

Adhesion and friction coefficients

The inner shoe material has been tested in two versions. Article 1 (cover) is a flat product in the form of a textile laminate 80 with the cover 30 according to the invention. Article 2 (inner shoe) represents the inner shoe 10 according to the invention with a covering 30 in the sole area 12 .

The test results show very high values for both the static and the sliding friction coefficients. The values for the pair of cover 30 / insole leather go above 3 on average. These high values are due to a particularly good adhesion between the test specimens. With a constant normal force F _N , very large friction forces are necessary to move the test specimens against each other. This results in the high coefficients of friction.

Furthermore, the number of industrial washing cycles was determined without there being any signs of detachment between the inner shoe material 15 and the cover 30 .

The inner shoe 10 can be removed from the outer shoe 20 and washed. The washing process corresponds to an industrial washing cycle and can be carried out, for example, with an washing machine from the Electrolux Wascator TT 600 brand.

The industrial washing cycle for the inner shoe 10 has the following procedure in this type of washing machine, the desired temperature for the washing being greater than 40 ° C. and preferably being 60 ° C.

Main wash 1

Water up to a level of 170 units is admitted and to the desired one Temperature heated. 170 units corresponds to a water volume of 75 l in the mentioned above Washing machine. This represents a liquor ratio of about 1 kg of laundry to 5 l of water. Then a normal wash program for 20 minutes with detergent carried out. Then the water is drained, which takes about a minute, and cold tap water is then let in, for example at 15 ± 5 ° C.

Main wash 2

Water up to a level of 170 units is admitted and to the desired one Temperature heated. Then a normal wash program for 10 minutes Detergent carried out. After that, the warm water is let out, which is about one Minute, and then cold tap water becomes, for example, around 15 ± 5 ° C let in.

Rinse 1

Water up to a level of 190 units is run in and to the desired level Temperature heated. 190 units corresponds to a water volume of 83 l in the above washing machine. Then a normal wash program for 2 Minutes without detergent. After that, the water is drained, what about takes a minute, and then cold tap water is turned around, for example 15 ± 5 ° C broken in.  

This rinsing process is carried out twice in total (rinsing 2).

Spin 1

After the third rinse, the laundry is spun for 2 minutes Low tour, which corresponds to gravity of 60 G, and then for 3 minutes at high speed, which corresponds to a gravity of 160 G.

Rinse 2

This rinse cycle is identical to the first rinse cycle.

Spin 2

This spin cycle is identical to the first spin cycle.

After that, the washing cycle is over and the laundry can be washed in the washing machine be removed.

Leggil Super from Henkel is the preferred detergent for the inner shoe KGaA with 15 g / kg wash in the first wash and 10 g / kg wash in the second Washing process used.

The inner shoe 10 according to the invention can undergo the above washing cycle ten times without there being any signs of detachment between the coating 30 and the inner shoe material 15 and without the inner shoe material 15 losing its waterproof and water vapor permeable values. Detachment phenomena occur when the covering 30 can separate from the inner shoe material and there is no longer a protective covering of the outer side 14 of the inner shoe 10 .

Furthermore, the inner shoe 10 is waterproof after ten washing cycles. For this purpose, the inner shoe 10 was tested for water resistance after 10 washing cycles in a test device and according to a method in accordance with US Pat. No. 4,799,384. For this test, the inner shoe 10 is loaded with compressed air and lowered into a container with water.

If air bubbles emerge from the inner shoe 10 into the water within the test time, there is no watertightness.

In the inner shoe 10 according to the invention, no air bubbles emerged even after 10 washing cycles, so that the inner shoe 10 is watertight.

Reference list

1

shoe

4th

Achilles heel area

6

Forefoot area

10th

Liner

12th

Sole area liner

13

Stitching

14

Outside liner

15

Liner material

16

upper inner shoe edge

17th

Tongue pouch

18th

Inner shoe opening

19th

Reinforcement materials / upholstery

20th

Outer shoe

21

Sole edge area liner

22

Outer shoe shaft

23

Tongue area

24th

Outsole

25th

tongue

26

Outside outer shoe shaft

27

Insole

28

Inside outer shoe shaft

29

upper edge of the outer shoe shaft

30th

Coating

32

Pointed liner

34

Heel liner

36

Eyelets

38

Outer shoe opening

39

Insole surface

40

Liner fastening device

45

Functional layer

47

first page functional layer

49

second side functional layer

50

Fastening device outer shoe

52

Shoe bottom

53

Shoe bottom material

54

Outsole

56

Inside of the shoe bottom

60

porous polymer layer

62

Snaps

70

hydrophilic water vapor permeable layer

80

textile laminate

82

first textile fabric

84

second textile fabric

86

Seam sealing tape

90

Immersion tank

92

pole

95

Polymer dispersion

98

filling material

Claims (67)

1. Shoe ( 1 ) with
an outer shoe ( 20 ) with an outer shoe opening ( 38 ) and an inner shoe ( 10 ) located in the outer shoe ( 20 ), wherein
the outer shoe ( 20 ) has a shoe bottom ( 52 ) containing at least one shoe bottom material ( 53 ) with an inside of the shoe bottom ( 56 ) facing the outer shoe opening ( 38 ),
and the liner ( 10 ) comprises a waterproof liner material ( 15 ), wherein
the inner shoe ( 10 ) has a sole area ( 12 ) with an outer sole ( 14 ) and the outer sole ( 14 ) is provided with a coating ( 30 ) made of an elastomer. 2. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the coating ( 30 ) has a coefficient of friction of greater than 0.9 based on the shoe bottom material ( 53 ) of the shoe bottom inside ( 56 ). 3. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the shoe bottom ( 52 ) has an insole ( 27 ) forming the inside of the shoe bottom ( 56 ). 4. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the shoe bottom ( 52 ) has an outer sole ( 24 ) forming the inside of the shoe bottom ( 56 ). 5. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 3, wherein the insole ( 27 ) is selected from the group of materials such as leather, leather substitutes, plastics, textiles. 6. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 3, wherein the insole ( 27 ) is a combination of at least two insole materials from the group of leather, leather substitutes, plastics, textiles. 7. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 4, wherein the outsole ( 24 ) is selected from the group of materials such as leather, rubber, plastics. 8. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the inner shoe material ( 15 ) is a textile laminate ( 80 ) with at least one waterproof and water vapor-permeable functional layer ( 45 ). 9. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 8, wherein the functional layer ( 45 ) is a membrane or a film. 10. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 8, wherein the functional layer ( 45 ) from the group of substances consisting of polyester, polyamides, polyolefins containing polyethylene and polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyketones, polysulfones, polycarbonates, fluoropolymers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, copolyether esters, copolyether amides is selected. 11. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 10, wherein the functional layer ( 45 ) is expanded PTFE. 12. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the coating ( 30 ) is made of a vulcanized elastomer. 13. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the elastomer comprises synthetic polymers. 14. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 13, wherein the elastomer is selected from the group of silicones, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes. 15. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the elastomer is formed from a polymer dispersion, a polymer solution, a polymer melt. 16. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 15, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) from the group of polychloroprene homopolymers (CR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (NBR) and carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (XNBR), Polyurethane is selected. 17. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 15, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) comprises natural rubber. 18. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 15, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) is a polychloroprene dispersion. 19. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ) endures at least 10 industrial washing cycles. 20. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 19, wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ) is waterproof after at least 10 industrial washing cycles. 21. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the inner shoe material ( 15 ) withstands a water inlet pressure of greater than 0.13 bar. 22. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 8, wherein the textile laminate ( 80 ) contains a first textile fabric ( 82 ) which is laminated to a first side ( 47 ) of the functional layer ( 45 ). 23. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 22, wherein a second textile fabric ( 84 ) is laminated on a second side ( 49 ) of the functional layer ( 45 ). 24. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 22, wherein the first textile fabric ( 82 ) is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a fleece or a knitted fabric. 25. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 23, wherein the second textile fabric ( 84 ) is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a fleece or a knitted fabric. 26. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ) has at least two inner shoe material pieces ( 15 ) which are connected to one another by at least one seam ( 13 ). 27. The shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 26, wherein the at least one seam ( 13 ) of the inner shoe ( 10 ) is welded to a waterproof seam sealing tape ( 86 ). 28. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ) with the outer shoe ( 20 ) is detachably connected. 29. Shoe ( 1 ) according to claim 28, wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ) has an upper inner shoe edge ( 16 ) with a first fastening device ( 40 ) and the outer shoe ( 20 ) has an upper outer shoe edge ( 29 ) with a second fastening device ( 50 ) and the inner shoe ( 10 ) in the outer shoe ( 20 ) is releasably connected to the second fastening device ( 50 ) by closing the first fastening device ( 40 ). 30. A method for producing an inner shoe ( 10 ) with a sole area ( 12 ) with the following steps:

• a) providing an inner shoe ( 10 ),
• b) inserting a filling material ( 98 ) into the interior of an inner shoe ( 10 ),
• c) coating the sole area ( 12 ) of the inner shoe ( 10 ) with an elastomer.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein after step c) in step d) the coating ( 30 ) is dried. 32. The method according to claim 31, wherein in step d) drying at a temperature of 70 ° C in a time of takes a maximum of 30 min. 33. The method of claim 30, wherein after step d) in step e) the coating ( 30 ) is vulcanized. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein in step e) the vulcanization at a Temperature of 120 ° C in a maximum of 20 min.   35. The method of claim 30, wherein a shoe last is used as filling material ( 98 ). 36. The method of claim 30, wherein the coating is dipping, brushing Is spraying. 37. The method of claim 30, wherein the elastomer comprises synthetic polymers. 38. The method according to claim 37, wherein the elastomer from the group of silicones, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes is selected. 39. The method according to claim 30, wherein the elastomer from a polymer dispersion, a polymer solution, a Polymer melt is formed. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) is selected from the group of polychloroprene homopolymers (CR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (NBR) and carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (XNBR), polyurethanes . 41. The method of claim 39, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) contains natural rubber. 42. The method of claim 39, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) is a polychloroprene dispersion. 43. The method of claim 39, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) has a viscosity of 40-600 mPas / s. 44. The method of claim 43, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) has a viscosity of 40-80 mPas / s. 45. inner shoe ( 10 ) for fastening in an outer shoe ( 20 ),
wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ), which has a waterproof inner shoe material ( 15 ), has a sole region ( 12 ) with a sole outer side ( 14 ) and
the sole outer side ( 14 ) is provided with a coating ( 30 ) which forms a composite with the inner shoe material ( 15 ). 46. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the coating ( 30 ) is made of an elastomer. 47. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 46, wherein the coating ( 30 ) is made of a vulcanized elastomer. 48. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the liner material ( 15 ) comprises a material with pores and the coating ( 30 ) at least partially penetrates into the pores. 49. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the liner material ( 15 ) comprises a material without pores and the coating ( 30 ) adheres to at least the sole outer side ( 14 ). 50. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the liner material ( 15 ) is a textile laminate ( 80 ) with at least one waterproof and water vapor permeable functional layer ( 45 ). 51. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 50, wherein the functional layer ( 45 ) is a membrane or a film. 52. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the functional layer ( 45 ) from the group of substances consisting of polyester, polyamides, polyolefins containing polyethylene and polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyketones, polysulfones, polycarbonates, fluoropolymers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, copolyether esters, copolyether amides is selected. 53. Inner shoe ( 10 ) according to claim 52, wherein the functional layer ( 45 ) is expanded PTFE. 54. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 46, wherein the elastomer comprises synthetic polymers. 55. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 52, wherein the elastomer is selected from the group of silicones, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes. 56. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 46, wherein the elastomer is formed from a polymer dispersion, a polymer solution, a polymer melt. 57. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 56, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) from the group of polychloroprene homopolymers (CR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (NBR) and carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers (XNBR), Polyurethane is selected. 58. Liner ( 10 ) according to claim 56, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) comprises natural rubber. 59. Liner ( 10 ) according to claim 56, wherein the polymer dispersion ( 95 ) is a polychloroprene dispersion. 60. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the liner ( 10 ) endures at least 10 industrial washing cycles. 61. Liner ( 10 ) according to claim 60, wherein the liner ( 10 ) is waterproof after at least 10 industrial washing cycles. 62. liner ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the liner material ( 15 ) withstands a water inlet pressure of greater than 0.13 bar. 63. Inner shoe ( 10 ) according to claim 48, wherein the textile laminate ( 80 ) contains a first textile fabric ( 82 ) which is laminated to a first side ( 47 ) of the functional layer ( 45 ). 64. Inner shoe ( 10 ) according to claim 63, wherein a second textile fabric ( 84 ) is laminated to a second side ( 49 ) of the functional layer ( 45 ). 65. Inner shoe ( 10 ) according to claim 63, wherein the first textile fabric ( 82 ) is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric or a knitted fabric. 66. Inner shoe ( 10 ) according to claim 64, wherein the second textile fabric ( 84 ) is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric or a knitted fabric. 67. Inner shoe ( 10 ) according to claim 45, wherein the inner shoe ( 10 ) has an upper inner shoe edge ( 16 ) with a first fastening device ( 40 ) for fastening the inner shoe ( 10 ) to the outer shoe ( 20 ).