DE19948910A1 - Implant has shaft with alternating roughened and smooth zones, foot part, tiered sections - Google Patents

Abstract

The implant (1) has a shaft (2) which possesses a threaded section and smooth ring zones axially behind each other. The implant has a jutting-out foot part resembling a disc and, spaced apart from it, a tiered section jutting further out. The shaft has severall threaded sections (3-6) alternating with the smooth ring zones (7-9) of smaller diameter. The foot part (10) and or the tiered section (11) as separate part has/have inner threaded zones (12,13).

Description

The present invention relates to an implant for lateral insertion into milled jaw cavities with a shaft with a threaded zone section and with several ring-shaped axially one behind the other smooth zones (smooth ring zones), and which cantilevered like a disc a foot part and Distance to it at least one less cantilever Has floor section.

A generic implant is known from US 4,722,687. According to an embodiment described herein ( Fig. 8 and 9 of US 4,722,687) is provided in the known implant that the foot part is attached to a longitudinal end of the shaft, that in the adjacent length region of the shaft is integrally formed by axially spaced annular grooves floors are and that a threaded portion for the attachment of a transition element (abutements) for a crown or prosthesis is provided on the shaft end opposite the foot part. Even if, as further explained in US 4,722,687, there is the possibility of attaching two parallel foot parts to a shaft, such an implant nevertheless has respect to the number of floor parts to be determined in its manufacture, as well as their distances from the foot part and to one another and the shape and the dimensions of the floor parts have an unchangeable geometry. In particular, this geometry must be matched to the jaw cavity to be previously milled into the jaw, so that when the implant is inserted laterally into the jaw cavities, a pressed positive fit results, by means of which the implant is anchored in the jaw. In view of the fact that a jawbone has cross sections of different sizes and shapes at different points and these parameters are also dependent on the age, gender and size of a patient, it is to be regarded as a part of the implant known from US Pat. No. 4,722,687 that it is not adaptable to the desired extent due to its fixed geometry to the respective cross-sectional installation situation. Consequently, there is the problem that a lot of different implants have to be manufactured and stored for treatments. From the doctor's point of view, this is associated with a cost disadvantage in addition to the storage space required for stocking and the necessary monitoring of the full range of the range due to the expensive manufacture of such implants.

The present invention lies against this background the task of a generic implant in the way to develop that a useful Use with reduced inventory is possible.

This task is solved by the subject of Claim 1, wherein in a generic implant is aimed that the shaft several threads small sections alternating with the smooth ring zones small ren diameter and that the foot part and / or the floor as a separate part of the floor have internal thread zones that correspond to the shaft in the Area of its thread zones in mutually changeable Distance can be assigned. The assignment of the foot section or part of a floor to a desired thread zone cut is made by means of the respective inner  a screw connection in the corresponding Thread zone section is produced. In a first preferred embodiment is as previously described Assignment of a floor part to the thread zones given the shaft while the foot section is integrally formed with the shaft. Depending on the distance between one piece with the shaft connected foot part and that of a desired assignment of a thread part on which the floor is based cut results in an intended distance between foot and floor part, which by variation of the Assignment is changeable. In an expedient further formation of the implant according to the invention can also be a corresponding assignability of the foot part to thread zo given sections of the shaft. Depending on distance between each other when assigning selected thread zone sections also results in a variable distance between the foot section and the storey part, so that an individual adaptation to different ne cross-sectional heights of a jaw is given. Independent gig of the design or a possible Allocability of the foot part can be at a erfindungsge several parts of the storey at the same time be provided, the same or different Chen thread zone sections are assignable. In a Appropriate design can be used to achieve a greatest possible variability of the imp lantats the internal thread zones of the foot part and the Floor part or several floor parts diameter and be designed with the same slope and in this regard preferably an internal thread zone of an abutment correspond. It can also be a stepless Fine adjustment is done by using the foot section and / or the floor part (the floor parts) within of a respective thread zone section  th part of it is assigned. It is with it in addition to a lightweight compared to conventional implants ren manufacture of the implant according to the invention in With regard to its adaptable geometry also a ge more economical use achieved. Another The advantage of the implant according to the invention is that that the decision whether the implant with one or possibly several floor parts - also different ones - is provided and at what intervals from the foot part this occurs during the treatment meet is. At the same time, due to the large number of be riding with a shaft, a foot and a floor part achievable different geometries conventional implants that ver different variants should be available, including the Warehousing reduced.

You can also choose from a range of floors and / or floors share be given the different dimensions possess in terms of their shape and / or size. A further adaptation to an individual The cross section of a treatment site is then in possible that an out of this range choice or combination of a foot section and / or one certain floor part takes place, with the combinative to the distance-variable assignment to the thread zones optimal coordination and anchoring of the implant in the respective jaw cross-section he follows. The possibility is also taken into account pulled that an assortment of different shanks exists, which is approximately in terms of number and / or Length of the threaded zone sections and / or smooth ringzo differentiate. With the possibilities shown here is therefore also a modular system for the implant according to the invention realized from which  even with a very small assortment of the individual be components a considerable variety of different Implants can win. Apart from that, too in the implant according to the invention compared to conventional Chen implants achieved the advantage that the thread Zone sections of the shaft optionally for screwing a foot and / or floor part and alternatively one abutements can serve. While also in a conventional implant for fastening a abutements at the end of the A thread has to be provided, it has it there only this one function. In contrast, it has anyway existing thread in the invention Implant a multiple function, which also has a Contributes to the explained variability. By this multiple function of the threaded zone sections of the Furthermore, there is also the possibility of one existing shaft with a specific kie cross section to large number and / or length of Thread zone sections or smooth ring zones on one or shorten both ends so that one is for one individual jaw section suitable length and arrangement of the thread zone sections and smooth ring zones results. It is also thought of as a "yard goods" available bar stock which is a versatile one settable sequence of thread zone sections and smooth has ring zones and depending on the treatment situation suitable segments are separated. The assignment You can use a saw, for example, but also open it other appropriate way.

The implant according to the invention is still ahead that at least one of the threaded zone sections threads of the shaft open towards its axial ends has gears. On the one hand, this enables a foot  and / or floor part in its for installation in the Kiefer desired assignment to the shaft in the longitudinal direction tion beyond the edge of a threaded zone section can protrude. On the other hand, there is in connection with the smaller compared to the thread zone sections Diameter of the smooth ring zones also the possibility that a foot or floor part so far in the direction a smooth ring zone over the edge of a thread zone is screwed out until the thread engagement get lost. The foot or floor part can then be axial freely movable over the smooth ring zone up to the next thread zone section can be moved and be brought back into thread engagement there. Similarly, a floor part can be screwed to anyone assigned to any thread zone section of a shaft be net. In principle, there is also the possibility that a single thread zone section or several floor parts and, if necessary, an additional abutement assigned simultaneously adjacent or spaced become.

With regard to the foot part, it is preferred that this has a blind hole in which the internal thread zone of the foot part is formed. In particular, can the inner thread zone of the foot part on the End closed towards the bottom of the hole Have thread. This ensures that when assigning the foot part to a thread zone automatically cut one at one end of the shaft with regard to the screw-in depth and thus the relati ven position gives reproducible assignment and further, that with a suitable tightening torque Risk of unintentional loosening is encountered. This is also advantageous that an overhang of the shaft with respect to the  Crowning or prosthesis facing away from the foot can arise in part. In this context, further preferred that the shaft at least in the longitudinal direction has a terminal threaded zone section the free end of which is formed into an open thread is. An appropriate design provides that the terminal threaded zone of the shaft is axial Length which is at least the axial length of the Internal thread zone of the foot part corresponds, so that out the optimal stiffness of the implant Utilization of the screw-in depth of the foot section allows is. Alternatively, with regard to a reproducible right and secured against unintentional loosening tion of the foot part to the shaft also be provided that the terminal thread section intended for this purpose of the shaft has a smaller diameter than the adjacent smooth ring zone and that the axial length this terminal thread zone section is equal to or less the axial length of the internal thread zone of the Foot part is dimensioned. With such a configuration tion is when a desired screw-in depth is reached fe an automatic stop on one end of the Smooth ring zone against the surface of the foot part reali due to a suitable tightening torque also a safeguard against unintentional loosening follows. These functions are one in diameter reduced terminal thread section too reached when the foot section with a through hole tion or with a continuous internal thread is equipped. With regard to the blind hole or Through hole is further preferred that this is perpendicular to a main direction of extension of the foot partly stretches.  

In an expedient embodiment of the floor part it is provided that this has a through hole points in which the internal thread zone of the floor part with Open threads formed at both ends is. In addition, it is preferred that the through gear bore or the internal thread zone perpendicular to a main direction of extension of the floor part stretches.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the Implants have a smooth ring zone and an angren zender thread zone section substantially the same axial length. In particular, it is thought that the at a terminal thread zone section in Longitudinal direction adjoining smooth ring zone and the adjoining further thread zone section in the have substantially the same axial length. In next formation can be seen in the other thread zones alternately cut two further smooth ring zones and Connect the threaded zone section, each in the we have substantially the same axial length to each other. This last-mentioned length is preferred chosen less than the length of the tails the threaded zone section adjoining smooth ringzo ne and the subsequent thread zone section. It is further preferred that the implant according to the invention at the terminal Threaded zone section opposite end of the Another threaded zone section is provided is. As explained above, this can be used for fastening creation of an abutment or another appropriate Substructure for a crown or prosthesis or the like serve, on the other hand, be made possible Thread but also an attachment of a floor or Foot part, or allows such on the thread  zone section and screwed over, so that after an overflow from adjacent smooth ringzo an assignment to a desired one in the longitudinal direction following thread zone sections possible is. Basically, all thread zones can be cuts and smooth ring zones of the implant have the same axial length, everything is preferred However, a combination of different lengths, in particular re such as this in connection with the accompanying tendency figures is described.

A practical development of the foot section can in the Be given that these two laterally to each other has spaced internal thread zones, the symme line lines lie in a common plane. The assignment voltage of the foot part to the shaft can therefore optionally se realized with one of these two internal thread zones be light. Especially when the foot section is in a too perpendicular to the plane spanned by the center lines th plane has an asymmetrical shape, provide the mutually spaced internal thread zones the foot part another contribution to variability of the implant, creating the necessary stockpiling is further reduced. Analogously, a Floor part two laterally spaced through gear bores, each as an internal thread zone are formed, have lines of symmetry in lie on a common level, which makes the same advantages like a foot section with two beabstan internal thread zones and these advantages when combining appropriate foot and floor parts reinforce each other.

With regard to a part of the floor, further provision can be made be that this has a breakthrough through which  from the through hole over its entire length an open passage to an outer edge of the floor is partially given that in a to the longitudinal axis of the Through hole vertical cross section between the Through hole and breakthrough compared to outer thread diameter of the shaft a constriction the passage is formed and that the smallest Cross-sectional dimension of the breakthrough between the Narrowing and the outer edge of the floor part the outer Thread diameter of the shaft exceeds. It is preferred that the passage narrowing in the area of the internal thread or adjacent thereto is. Becomes an implant with such levels part that a threaded zone portion of the shaft is arranged in the way in the milled jaw cavity inserted that the breakthrough to that regarding the Direction of insertion of the front edge of the floor section tet, this part of the floor can also be built after Can be reinserted from the jaw with little effort removed during the rest of the implan can remain in the jaw. To prepare with a milling cutter or other suitable auxiliary only the medium provided on the floor part Narrowing of the breakthrough, so that the smallest cross-sectional dimension of the entire opening exceeds the outer thread diameter of the shaft. The stage part can then easily move out of its side milled jaw cavity can be pulled out without this affects the rest of the implant fear. Incidentally, can be in a fiction According to the implant, two or more parts of the floor are also featured see which internal thread zones have which the shaft in the area of one or more thread zones sections can be assigned at mutually variable distances are, with regard to the second and further Eta  Gene parts for the procedure, possible further training and resulting benefits on the above reference is made to the explanations. If the shaft For example, two floor parts can be assigned this in its extension perpendicular to the shaft in the Be coordinated so that from the foot to the Part of the floor facing away from it is gradually decreasing Dimensions result. Basically, too Possibility given that the foot part and / or one or several storey parts from one through the jaw resorbable material are formed. From this result are advantages in addition to optimal anchoring of the implant in the jaw is also a desired night yield, which is a beneficial adaptation to stretching conditions and sprains of the jaw, such as these under changing chewing load.

The invention further relates to a for insertion in prefabricated cavities with a specific implant a shaft with at least one thread zone cut and projecting like a disc has a foot part. Previous embodiments water implants have the disadvantage that they due to their fixed geometry concrete ones depending on the individual jaw cross-section Installation situation can not be adjusted to the desired extent and therefore to produce in a great variety and by one Doctor must be kept in stock. Another disadvantage of Known implants is seen in the fact that so far lateral insertion of the one connected to the foot part Shaft maxillary cavities were required than this for the later installation situation, especially in Area of the shaft.  

The present invention lies against this background based on the task of continuing an implant in the manner to form a more advantageous use in at the same time reduced storage is made possible.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 21 solved by the fact that the shaft and the foot part together via a threaded zone section which are screwable. According to the invention achieved that the shaft and the foot part of the implant independently of one another in the prefabricated maxillary sinus lungs can be used. In particular, the possibility exists the possibility that initially a sole lateral insert zen of the foot section that a crestales Insertion of the stem is made and then the shaft over a threaded zone section with the Screwed foot part. By the possibility of one Crestal insertion of the stem is also the front suspension created for the shaft in a crestal to use prefabricated maxillary sinus in which it is, for example, one that extends from the alveolar ridge hole that extends into the jaw deln, the bore diameter on the diam the shaft is matched. On the other hand, the foot can Partially preferably laterally in a preferably flat if laterally prefabricated maxillary sinus is used become. At the same time, the implant according to the invention achieved as an advantage that ver different foot parts and / or different shafts a respective to a jaw cross to be treated adapted selection can be made and after the Insert into the prefabricated jaw cavities Screwing together can be made.

It is already with a small assortment of feet parts and / or shafts of large shapes or sizes  variety of implants enables, so that one more advantageous use also a reduced inventory occurs.

In an expedient further education, a stage part can be provided that with the shaft via a thread zone section is screwed. The stage part can preferably laterally in a likewise preferred late prefabricated jaw cavity are used, whereupon a later crestal insertion of the Shaft is screwed. It can be a sorti floor parts, such as different sizes, shapes, Materials or the like. Given, from which one Selection adapted to the respective jaw cross-section and Combination of the selected floor section with a foot section and a shaft can be made, making the total achievable variety of implants further increased becomes. It is further preferred that the foot part and / or the floor part a base plate with an outer frame men, which surrounds a frame opening, and that an insert made of one from the bone in the frame opening resorbable and the insertion of a threaded hole permitting material is held. The outer frame comes when inserting the foot or floor part a protective function with regard to use, so that the choice of material for use before adds to the desired absorbability by the Jawbones and those for insertion and use a threaded hole in the use advantageous own can orientate. Beyond that comes the outer frame after inserting a certain Support function with regard to the base plate too. In particular The latter is thought of a frame that consists of a Metal material exists, but basically all Materials that can be used for implants  properties to be assumed, especially with regard to Lich the strength. In a preferred one Embodiment is the frame along an outer all around the edge of the base plate det, which ensures high stability. Terms Lich the frame opening can be provided that this from the insert with respect to the base plate parallel plane completely closed or out is filling. This effectively prevents it to move the insert parallel to the Base plate level comes in the frame opening. Further it is preferred that the insert contains lactite or predominantly, possibly completely, consists of lactite. The This material is particularly characterized by its good resorbability from the surrounding bone. The insert can be in the frame opening, for example an adhesive connection, alternatively or in combination also a positive or non-positive Bracket is conceivable.

In a preferred embodiment, the shaft can be a first thread zone from a first free end have a cut with which the foot part over a win intervention is screwable. The foot section can do this one before inserting it into the maxillary sinus Blind hole or a through hole with a win de possess that on the threaded zone section of the Shaft is coordinated. Alternatively, an appropriate one Tapped hole also by a trained When inserted into the maxillary sinus Foot part can be introduced. In addition, the foot section before inserting the shaft into the to receive the Introduced provided jaw cavity so that penetration of the maxillary sinus for the Shaft with the foot part is given. A preferred one  Shank is developed in such a way that the first Thread zone section of the shaft at least in one axially adjacent to the free end as a drill and / or is designed as a milling cutter. In particular is thought special to such a configuration, in which the Inserting the end of the jaw entering first Provide shafts with cutting edges and / or grinding tools is. When inserting such a shaft, it becomes under a rotational movement about its longitudinal axis in the Kie extending from the ridge to the inside of the jaw introduced for the shaft, it being at a contact of the trained as a drill and / or milling cutter ten free end with the foot part to form a Hole comes to a material removal. Otherwise be is the possibility in one operation or in several steps with such a shaft to produce the jaw cavity needed for him. The rotary movement can, for example, be done manually using a opposite shaft end connected grip on the Shaft can be transferred, alternatively a Rotary drive of the shaft through a suitable connection with a motor-driven auxiliary tool, such as. a drill used for dental treatment, pre to be seen. If before the insertion described above of the shaft at the designated place Foot part inserted into the prefabricated jaw cavity during the crestal insertion The shaft is also used for a screw connection required hole must be made. With this purpose The advanced training of the shaft can be the first Thread zone section at least in an axial loading be richly trained as a tap. It will thereby advantageously achieved that when the Shaft within the hole in the foot part also for  Screw connection with a threaded zone section of the Shaft required thread is cut.

Alternatively or in combination with those previously described The shaft can have features at a second free end have a second threaded zone section with which an abutement and / or a rotary tool is connectable. In addition, between the first and a threaded zone from the second end of the shaft be cut with which the floor part over a thread engagement is connectable. A floor part can preferably be made laterally into a prefabricated one Maxillary sinus can be used, with it already having a threaded hole suitable for thread engagement can be equipped. But it can also be a storey be provided in part before insertion no threaded hole is made. In this case the threaded hole when inserting a shaft be introduced, according to the previous Ausfüh at one free end as a drill and / or as Cutters and adjoining them as thread cutters forms is. There is a possibility that a such shank only in one as a drill and / or end section formed as a milling cutter cut is designed as a tap. In a possible alternative design of the shaft can dispense with a separate threading section be tet and the thread zone sections, as far as this is appropriate, provided with a self-tapping thread his. Finally, it is preferred that axially between the Thread zone sections with smooth ring zones in contrast smaller diameter are arranged. In connection with all the illustrated embodiments of the Shank is preferred that the diameter differences between the thread zone sections, smooth ring zones,  that as a drill or milling cutter and that as a thread cutter trained section less than the smallest the diameter of the shaft.

The invention also relates to a method for Insertion of a jaw implant with a shaft and with a foot part in a jaw, an insertion of the foot part in a first jaw cavity and an insert zen the shaft into one with the first jaw cavity connected second jaw cavity occurs. At conven Chen process has the disadvantage that the shaft connected to the foot part as a coherent Lateral unit in a prepared maxillary sinus is to be used, for which the jaw cavity also in the area of the shaft to the side of the jaw from which the on set, must be open. With the known Procedure for inserting jaw implants into a Pine is therefore a larger part of the jawbone to remove than this for the later installation position of the Implant is required, in addition to a larger one The patient is also burdened with disadvantages in use connected is. Known methods also require which are already firmly connected to the foot section Shaft is inserted into the jaw, given the widely varying jaw cross sections an extensive Storage of implants of various shapes and Sizes.

Against this background, the object of the invention based on a method for introducing a jaw impulse lantats in such a way that a more advantageous use with a simultaneous reduction warehousing is enabled.  

This object is the subject of claim 34 solved in that a lateral insertion of the foot part les and a crestales insertion of the shaft takes place and that the foot part and the shaft with after insertion are screwed together. While the foot part is there preferably in a laterally prefabricated maxillary sinus is used, the shaft according to the Invention The process is now prefabricated crestal into a crestal Te jaw cavity are used, so that the second Maxillary sinus compared to conventional procedures only still correspond as far as possible in the inserted shaft appropriate dimensions in the jaw. It is particularly advantageous that the second jaw cavity no lateral opening to a jaw flank must. In addition to less stress on the patient and an easier manufacture of the second maxillary sinus lungs is therefore behind conventional processes the crestal insertion of the shaft also one immediate all-round support of the same is achieved. In an expedient variant of the invention Procedure takes place before inserting the stem lateral insertion of a part of a floor into a third Maxillary sinus, and the stem is ver with both screws. The implant can be inserted starting from from a prepared jaw in which the first and second and possibly the third jaw cavity are provided, the second maxillary sinus with the first and third Maxillary sinus (if necessary) in one suitable for the insertion of the implant connected is. It is particularly a relati ve location of the maxillary sinuses thought, when looking Lich different cross-sections of the second maxillary sinus with the first and (if available) the third Maxillary sinus a respective penetration or overlap  pung is realized. If a foot part and if necessary Floor part is used, that before the insertion a threaded hole in the jaw for screwing with the shaft, arrangements can be made for it be met that automa A suitable placement of the holes takes place. With a suitable alignment of the threaded holes is understood one in which at least one Proportional, as complete as possible coverage of the Boh rungsquerschnittes with a to the longitudinal direction of the second jaw cavity inclined, in particular perpendicular th cross-section of the second cavity is. With such an alignment of the foot part and / or The shaft passes through part of the shaft in its crestal Insert the respective while rotating Tapped holes, the shaft after or during its insertion by rotating it around its length screwed to the foot section or the floor section can be. The aforementioned precautions can be taken exist that an accurate match of the relative location the second cavity to the first and possibly the third jaw cavity to the position of the threaded hole stakes and if necessary floor part. As a result a suitable orientation of the Get tapped holes by the foot and if necessary the Part of the floor laterally completely, d. H. with side Form fit, inserted into the associated maxillary sinuses be brought. In the method according to the invention preferably a shaft used on a first free end has a first thread zone section, wherein the shaft turns around during and / or after insertion its longitudinal axis of symmetry ge is rotated so that between the first thread zones cut and a threaded hole in the foot section Thread engagement a connection is established. Like this  far away from a foot part also a floor part inserted should be brought, can according to the invention A shaft can be used between the an additional thread zone from both free ends has cut, the shaft during and / or after the insertion around its lengthwise Axis of symmetry is rotated so that between the two between the two free ends of the thread zones cut the shaft and a tapped hole in the tiers partly through a thread engagement is posed.

The method described above can be done in the way be further educated that the use of foot and / or floor parts without prepared tapping gene is possible. A shaft can be used for this be, the first threaded zone section at least axially adjoin the free end of the shaft the area is designed as a drill and / or as a milling cutter is, with regard to the mode of operation on the above Explanations in connection with the Invention appropriate implant is pointed out. Furthermore, a shaft can be used in which alternatively or in combination with the aforementioned feature, the first win dezone section as at least in an axial area Thread tap is formed. As in connection with explained the implant according to the invention, may training as a tap on a single nen, trained as a drill and / or as a milling cutter Restrict area adjacent section. Other on the other hand can on a separate tapping cut and the thread zone section te of the shaft can, if necessary, with themselves cutting thread. Using a shaft with one or more of the aforementioned  The inventive method offers features Possibility of tapping the foot part and / or the floor part by the rotation of the shaft is produced during its crestal insertion. Dar there is also the possibility that the two te jaw cavity due to the rotation of the shaft its crestal insertion is made. This Measures are particularly advantageous in that thereby on previous arrangements for a suitable te alignment of threaded holes can. Of course there is also the alternative speed, after inserting the foot section and possibly the Partially in the intended cavities bores and / or internal thread required in each case de by means of a separate drilling and / or milling and / or to produce a threading tool Then remove tool from the jaw and then a shaft with threaded zone sections in the second Use jaw cavity where no further training as a drill and / or milling cutter and / or thread cutter is hit. With the aforementioned separate work Stuff can be used in a further variant of the method the second cavity in the jaw was also inserted become.

For the method according to the invention can also consisting of a shaft, a foot section and a tier section det, which are still further in connection with the Features described implant according to the invention have. In particular, a foot part and / or a Floor part can be used, each one a Grundplat with an outer frame made of a metal material has, wherein the frame encloses a frame opening and the frame opening in a paral to the base plate lelen level completely closed by an insert  is that of a bone resorbable and that Introduction of a material that allows a threaded hole, especially lactite. It can be done before moves in such a way that the thread drilling the foot section and / or the floor section through the Rotation of the shaft during crestal insertion in the Area of resorbable use is produced. The latter measure makes it advantageous is sufficient that the shaft after absorption in Area of the jaw entirely of bone material is surrounded.

The invention is based on the attached Figures, which, however, are only exemplary embodiments represent explained. Here shows:

Fig. 1 is a side view of an implant according to a first preferred embodiment;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the shaft from FIG. 1 with a schematic illustration of an optional shortening;

Fig. 3 is a side view of an implant in a second preferred embodiment;

FIG. 4a is an enlarged detail of the threaded zones portion along the line IVa-IVa in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4b is an enlarged partial section of the threaded handle between the shaft and foot part according to line IVb-IVb in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a base part according to a first preferred embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the foot part according to line VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a base part according to a second preferred embodiment;

Fig. 8 is a top view of a foot part according to a third preferred embodiment;

Fig. 9 is a top view of a foot part according to a fourth preferred embodiment;

Figure 10 is a plan view of a foot part in a fifth preferred embodiment with two mutually spaced internal thread zones.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a floor part according to a first preferred embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a floor part according to a second preferred embodiment;

Figure 13 is a plan view of a floor part according to a third preferred embodiment, with an opening between the through hole and the outer edge.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a floor part according to a fourth preferred embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a side view of an implant according to a third preferred embodiment with two floor portions;

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a first lower jaw with herein laterally inserted implant of FIG. 1;

FIG. 16a-sectional view of a second mandible with herein laterally inserted implant in a further preferred embodiment;

Fig. 16b-sectional view of a third mandible with herein laterally inserted implant in a further preferred embodiment;

Fig. 16c-sectional view of a third mandible with herein laterally inserted implant in a further preferred alternative exporting approximate shape;

Fig. 17 plan view of a foot portion with a Metallrah men and a lactite insert held therein;

FIG. 18 is sectional view of a foot part according to Fig 17 with an additional threaded bore taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 19.;

FIG. 19 top view of a foot part according to FIG. 17 with additional through hole; FIG.

FIG. 20 is perspective view of a jaw segment with prefabricated therein Kieferhöhlungen;

FIG. 21 is sectional view of the jaw segment of Figure 20 to the section plane XXI-XXI prior to insertion of the implant.

FIG. 21a plan view of the base part and the floor part according to Fig. 21;

. FIG. 22 is sectional view of the jaw segment of Figure 20 to the section plane XXI-XXI after Einset zen of the implant;

FIG. 23 is sectional view of the jaw segment of Figure 20 to the section plane XXI-XXI prior to insertion of an implant with a a drill bit and a self-tapping screw threaded shank.

FIG. 23a plan view of a base part and a floor part according to Fig. 23;

. FIG. 24 is sectional view of the jaw segment of Figure 20 to the section plane XXI-XXI after Einset zen of the implant according to Figure 23, 23a.

Fig. 25 is enlarged plan view of the shaft of FIG. 23;

FIG. 26 is sectional view of a jaw segment with vorbe ready before Kieferhöhlungen for a foot and a floor part prior to insertion of an implant with a thread, a drill bit and a cutting portion having shaft;

FIG. 27 is sectional view of the jaw segment of Figure 26 after the insertion of the foot part and the floor part.

FIG. 28 is sectional view of the jaw segment of Figure 26 after insertion of the implant.

Fig. 29 enlarged plan view of the shaft according to Fig. 26.

Fig. 1 shows a side view of an implant 1 according to the invention for lateral insertion into milled jaw cavities with a shaft 2 , the cut with threaded zones 3 , 4 , 5 and 6 and with several axially behind one another annular smooth zones (smooth ring zones) 7 , 8 and 9 is equipped. The implant 1 also has a disc-like cantilevered foot part 10 and a less-protruding floor part 11 . In further detail it is shown that the threaded zones 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 are arranged alternately with the smooth ring zones 7 , 8 , 9 and that the smooth ring zones 7 , 8 , 9 with respect to the threaded zone sections 3 , 4 , 5 and 6 one have a comparatively smaller diameter (cf. FIG. 4a). According to the embodiment of the implant 1 shown in FIG. 1, the eta gene part 11 is assigned to the thread zone section 4 , this by means of thread engagement of an internally threaded zone 12 of the tier part 11 . Furthermore, the foot part 10 is assigned to the terminal threaded zone section 6 of the shaft 2 , a threaded engagement with an inner thread zone 13 of the foot part being provided. As shown in connec tion with Fig. 4b further, the foot part 10 has a blind hole 14 in which the internal thread zone 13 is formed. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the terminal threaded zone section 6 of the shaft 2 has an axial length a which exceeds the axial length e of the internal thread zone 13 of the foot part 10 . It is also shown that the blind hole 14 extends perpendicular to a main direction of extension H of the foot part 10 .

In further detail, the stage part 11 has a through hole 15 , in which the internal thread zone 12 of the stage part 11 is formed, the internal thread zone 12 having open threads at both ends (not shown in detail). Moreover, it is provided that the Durchgangsboh located tion 15 of the floor part 11 perpendicular to a stretch direction Haupter G of the floor portion 11 extends.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the smooth ring zone 9 adjoining the terminal threaded zone section 6 in the longitudinal direction and the subsequent further threaded zone section 5 have an essentially identical axial length b. On the threaded portion zone 5 close in Wech sel two more smooth annular zones 8 and 7 and a threaded zone section 4, which in turn possess c each have a substantially same axial length. In addition, a threaded zone section 3 is provided at the end 6 of the shaft 2 , which is opposite the end of the threaded zone section, and has an axial length d. In the illustrated in Fig. 1 from the implant 1 form guide serves these threaded zones portion 3 for attachment can be driven described Stigt a not so-called draw. Abutements (spacer) on which a crowning or a dental prosthesis BEFE.

In the illustrated embodiment, the axial lengths a, b, c and d are dimensioned differently from one another, with - as in the following figures - a completely enlarged representation of the implant 1 does not produce a completely true-to-scale representation. It is therefore added to the explanation of FIG. 1 that the length a of the embodiment is in reality gradations, the length c is 1.5 gradations and the length d is 2 gradations, a gradation corresponding to a length of 1.5 millimeters. The length a can also be 2 gradations, so that the same thread length is available for the attachment of an abutement in a plane arrangement of the shaft 2 rotated by 280 ° in the drawing compared to FIG. 1, but there is a different succession of thread zone sections and Smooth ring zones results. Alternatively, however, the length a can also be dimensioned differently, in particular an adaptation to the length e of the internal thread zone 13 of the foot part 10 can be realized.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the shaft 2 as it is initially contained in the implant 1 shown in FIG. 1. The line of intersection indicated indicates that, for example, in the case in which the original overall length of the shaft 2 is too large for the installation of the implant 1 in a specifically specified jaw, the shaft 2 can be shortened. According to the cutting line, the smooth ring zone 7 and the threaded zone section 3 can be separated for this purpose by a separating cut with a saw or another suitable tool, so that a shorter shaft is created, as contained in the implant 1 shown in FIG. 3 and also therein is designated by the reference number 2 .

The implant 1 shown in FIG. 3 differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 by its correspondingly reduced overall height and further by the fact that the tier part 11 is assigned therein to the threaded zone section 5 . The above-lying thread zone section 4 , to which the tier part 11 is assigned in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, can be completely obtained in the implant shown in FIG. 3 for the implant shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, but starting from that in FIG Fig. 2 shown shaft 2, the desired lower height compared to FIG. 1 is reached. For possible installation situations of the implant 1 according to the invention, reference is also made to FIGS . 16-16c and the associated parts of the description.

FIG. 4a shows an enlarged detail of the threaded zone section 5 and adjacent areas of the smooth ring zones 8 and 9 , wherein it can be seen that the threaded zone 5 of the shaft 2 has open threads 16 , 17 towards its axial ends. In the context of the invention, open threads are generally understood to mean those through which a thread engagement with an internal thread of another component can be reached without hindrance from an adjacent unthreaded area by a relative rotation, or via which a thread engagement can be canceled again without problems is. In Fig. 4b there is shown that the internal threaded zone 13 on which the bottom of the hole having the foot part 10 18 end facing a threaded passage 19 closed. 4b is noted for illustrating the Fig., That these of the foot portion 10 is a sectional view describes respect by the hole center a closing plane, while the shaft end tenansicht for better understanding in an uncut Be is reproduced. It is clear from this that the lower end 20 of the threaded zone section 6, as an open thread in connection with the closed thread 19 of the internal thread zone 13, automatically limits the screwing depth to a desired dimension, since an additional twisting movement by jamming the end 20 with the wall area 21 in the drilling reason 14 is prevented. A reproducible and defined assignment of the foot part 10 to the terminal threaded zone section 6 is thus achieved. About the free thread at the end 20 , there is the possibility, a floor part 11 on the threaded section 6 and turn over this, so that an assignment of the floor part 11 to one of the subsequent thread zone sections is possible.

Fig. 5 shows an enlarged plan view of a foot part 10 according to a first preferred embodiment. This is in the form of a disk-like flat body with an edge 22 which is approximately horseshoe-shaped and which is closed by an outer web 23 . The opposite longitudinal sides 24 of the edge 22 are integrally connected by an inner web 25 , the blind hole 14 with the internal thread zone 13 formed therein being provided in the center of the inner web. This is also Fig. 6 can be seen, which describes a cross-sectional view of the base 10 taken along section line VI-VI in Fig. 5 in further detail.

Fig. 7 shows an enlarged plan view of a foot part according to a second preferred embodiment, which - like the embodiment described below men - is also designated by the reference numeral 10 . For the rest, and in the following figures and their description, further mutually corresponding details are also given the same reference numerals. The foot part 10 differs from the first embodiment in Fig. 5, that is a Anstel le extending parallel to the outer web 23 inside the web 25 a to the longitudinal sides 24, he stretching the inner web 26 is formed parallel.

Fig. 8 shows an enlarged plan view of a foot part 10 according to a third preferred embodiment. It has an enlarged dimension in the direction of the longitudinal sides 24 compared to the first embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the dashed lines for comparison purposes the right edge of the foot part 10 shown in FIG. 5. In further detail in FIG. 8, the distance measured in the direction of the long sides 24 between the blind hole 14 and the rightmost end of the edge 22 corresponds to the corresponding distance in FIG. 5.

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged top view of a foot part according to a fourth preferred embodiment, which has the same outer dimensions as the foot part 10 shown in FIG. 8. However, it is hen hen that the distance measured in the direction of the long sides 24 between the blind hole 14 and the outer web 23 is equal to the corresponding distance in the foot part shown in FIG. 5.

Fig. 10 shows an enlarged plan view of a foot part according to a fifth preferred embodiment, which as having the same outer dimensions in Figs. 8 and leg portions 10 shown. 9 In addition, this fourth embodiment has two zueinan the spaced internal thread zones 13 , the Symme triellinien lie in a common plane. The internal thread zones are ausgebil det in through holes 14 , which in turn are provided in mutually spaced inner webs 25 . The distances between the internal thread dezones 13 from the edge 22 and the outer web 23 are equal to the corresponding distances in FIGS. 8 and 9.

Figs. 11 to 14 show in enlarged Draufsich th the floor parts 11, 11 ', 11 ", 11' '' as first to fourth preferred embodiment of an inventive SEN floor part. This has in Fig. Floor part 11 shown 11 with respect to its shaping th Gemeinsamkei with that in Fig. footboard 10 shown 5, each but other hand, a reduced horseshoe-shaped ring 27 and outer flange 28. in contrast, the internal thread zone 12 of the through hole 15 with a corresponding thread type as the inner threaded dezone 13 of the foot portions 10, 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "". This also applies accordingly to the floor parts 11 ', 11 ", 11 "''shown in the following FIGS . 12-14, so that any combination of all of the illustrated foot and floor parts are possible with an implant 1 according to the invention Threaded zone sections 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 each can be assigned any desired foot and / or floor parts, so that depending on the assignment between foot and floor part and possibly several floor parts there is a variable distance. In the enlarged view chosen overall in the figures the size relationships between foot and floor parts are only reproduced qualitatively, from the point of view that the deviating sizes and size relationships shown can of course also be taken into account in the case of the implant 1 according to the invention Floor parts for selected thread zone sections 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 of the shaft 2 To ensure, however, is a vote from the thread type of the threaded zone sections 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 and the internal thread zones 12 , 13 on the dimen- sions of the foot or floor parts perpendicular to the plane of the drawing preferred, in which at least one after assignment full thread is substantially engaged. The floor parts 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''' shown in FIGS . 11 to 14 and the foot parts 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 "', 10 ""of the preceding figures are in a disc-like manner Basic shape trained.

The tier part 11 'shown in FIG. 12 has a circular plan. In further detail, four through holes 30 are provided between the central through bore 15 with the inner threading zone 12 and the outer edge 29 , which are spaced apart from one another by 90 ° in the circumferential direction.

The floor part 11 "according to FIG. 13 has an opening 31 through which there is an open passage from the through hole 15 over its entire length extending perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing up to the outer edge 32. One is to the longitudinal axis the through bore 15 has a vertical cross section, which extends parallel to the plane of the drawing, between the through bore 15 and the opening 31 in the area of the internal thread zone 12. A constriction 33 of the passage is formed, the smallest cross-sectional dimension A of the opening 31 exceeds in the area between the constriction 33 and the outer edge 32 of the stage part 11 "the outer thread diameter of the shaft or the outer thread diameter of the inner threading zone 12th On the other hand, the narrowest gap dimension B of the constriction 31 is smaller than this outer thread diameter. It is a match of the gap dimension B to the diameter of the internal thread zone 12 of the landing part 11 "realized, by a safe assignment of the same to a threaded zone section 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 of the shaft 2. It is excluded that an unintentional loosening or separation of the thread engagement within the plane of the drawing takes place. On the other hand, with an implant 1 , which contains a tier part 11 "according to FIG the gap dimension B with a milling cutter or another suitable tool to enlarge the width of the gap dimension A, so that the constriction 31 is eliminated. It can then the stage part 11 "with a suitable installation position in the circumferential direction from its milled jaw cavity are pulled out laterally without the need to remove the entire implant 1 .

The floor part 11 '''shown in FIG. 14 finally also has a round floor plan and, comparable to the floor part 11, has a continuous inner web 34 , in the middle of which a through hole 15 with an internal thread zone 12 is provided.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged side view of an implant 1 according to the invention in a further before ferred embodiment. In addition to a shaft 2 and a foot part 10, this has, as a special feature, two etagentei le 11 , one of which is assigned to the thread zone section 5 and the higher-lying thread zone section 4 . Furthermore, the foot part 10 is assigned to the lower terminal threaded zone section 6 , and an abutement, which is not shown in the drawing, can be fastened to the upper terminal threaded zone section 3 by means of screwing. As in FIGS. 1 and 3, in FIG. 15 the floor part 11 is the floor part 11 already described in more detail in FIG. 11 and the foot part 10 is shown in further detail in FIGS. 5 and 6 Foot section 10 . The assigned to the threaded zone section 5 floor part 11 has compared to the overlying with substantially the same shape and a corre sponding internal thread zone 12 slightly larger outer dimensions, which are smaller than the dimen solutions of the foot part 10 .

FIG. 16 shows a sectional view of a first cross section 35 of a lower jaw with the implant 1 according to the invention inserted laterally therein, which is the implant shown in FIG. 1. In this case, compared to FIG. 1, only one assignment of the stage part 11 to a somewhat deeper area of the threaded zone section 4 is realized, so that a somewhat smaller distance to the foot part 10 results. In the sectional view drawn, 35 milled jaw cavities 36 , 37 , 38 extend from the left flank of the jaw cross-section into the interior of the jaw, into which the implant 1 has been inserted laterally from the left. In view of the perpendicular to the plane of the horseshoe-like shape of the foot part 10 or floor part 11 results in an almost flush conclusion of the outer webs with the left outer edges of the jaw cavities 36 and 38 , so that even over the hard edge area of the jaw optimal support of the implant act 1 is guaranteed. It is also clear that the upper threaded zone section 3 projects beyond the jaw cross-section 35 , so that an abutement not shown in the drawing is to be fastened to it. Fig. 16a shows a contrast shallower jaw cross-section 35 'in which a likewise provided by the reference numeral 1 implant is inserted laterally. To adapt to the flatter cross-sectional shape of the jaw, the implant 1 has a shaft 2 , as is obtained from the shaft shown in FIG. 16 by shortening it according to FIG. 2. In a further difference from FIG. 16, the stage part 11 is assigned to the threaded zone section 5 in FIG. 16a, and a comparably smaller stage part 11 is also provided. The threaded dezone section 3 protrudes beyond the jaw cross-section 35 ', so that an abutement is to be fastened to it. Figs. 16b and 16c enter a contrast Schlan stronger jaw cross-section 35 "again, are ben introduced scho in the provided also by the reference numeral 1 implants. The adjustment made to the jaw cross-section 35 is in each case different ways" reached. While in Fig. 16b a smaller compared to Fig. 16 floor part 11 is also assigned to the threaded zone section 4 , the implant 1 according to Fig. 16c has the same floor part as Fig. 16, which, however, is assigned to the lower-lying thread zone section 5 16, so that compared to FIG. 16 there was a small amount between floor part 10 and foot part 11 .

Fig. 17 shows a plan view of a foot part of an implant for insertion into prefabricated Kieferhöhlun gene according to a further aspect of the invention. Here - as in the following figures - an enlarged representation compared to the real dimensions was chosen for clarification. The foot part 39 has a base plate 40 with an outer frame 41 which encloses a frame opening 42 . An insert 43 made of a bone-resorbable material, which in the example shown is lactite, is held in the frame opening 42 . FIGS. 18 and 19 zei gene in a sectional view and in a further plan view, the base part 39 of FIG. 17 is formed with a contrast, over additional threaded hole 44 tion as Durchgangsboh with an internal thread. In this respect, it is important that the insert 43 consists of a material which allows the insertion of a threaded hole and its use for a screw connection. In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 17 to 19, the frame 41 consists of a metal material and is formed continuously along an outer peripheral edge 45 of the base plate 40 . The frame opening 42 is completely closed by the insert 43 with respect to a plane parallel to the base plate 40 . In further detail, the insert 43 is held in the outer frame 41 by a press fit 46 . In addition, the radii R and r of the threaded hole 44 and the outer edge 45 have a common center. In a departure from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, in which the frame 41 has the shape of a horseshoe closed at the end, rectangular, square, circular, elliptical or other suitable frame shapes can also be realized. Furthermore, a floor part can also have the structure described in FIGS . 17 to 19.

Fig. 20 shows a perspective view of a jaw segment 46 with prefabricated Kieferhöhlungen 47, 48 49 in the region of a treatment site. The first jaw cavity 47 is geometrical, that is, in terms of shape and size, adapted to a foot part of an implant to be inserted into the jaw, the second jaw cavity 48 is geometrically adapted to a shaft of the implant, and the third jaw cavity 49 is geometrically adapted to a floor part of the implant to be used, the foot part, the shaft and the eta gene part in Fig. 20 are each not graphically reproduced. The maxillary cavities 47 and 49 were prefabricated late and the maxillary sinus 48 crestally in the jaw, a connection of the maxillary cavities 47 , 48 and 49 being realized in the sense of a penetration or adjacent overlap. The second jaw cavity 48 is shown only in the area of the jaw bone 50 . Clearly, however, it is clear that this also passes through the tooth flesh 51 shown broken for clarity.

FIG. 21 shows a sectional view of the jaw segment 46 according to FIG. 20 on the section plane XXI-XXI in connection with an implant 52 according to the invention for insertion into the prefabricated jaw cavities 47 , 48 and 49 . For a better overview (as in the following sectional views) the teeth behind the cutting plane have not been reproduced. The implant 52 has a shaft 53 , which is cut with threaded zones 54 , 55 , 56 and is provided for further details on the shaft 2 shown in FIG. 3. The implant 52 further comprises a foot part 57 , which cuts 54 , 55 , 56 to the shaft 53 via the threaded zone sections. Furthermore, a floor part 58 , which can also be screwed to the shaft 53 via a threaded zone section 54 , 55 , 56 . While the shaft 53 that foot 57 and the floor part 58 in Fig. 21 in a Seitenan view are shown, Fig. 21a for Verdeutli monitoring the foot 57 and the floor part 58 in addition in a plan view. The foot part 57 is formed as a disk-like flat body with an approximately horseshoe-shaped umlau fenden outer edge 59 , which is closed by an outer web 60 . The opposing longitudinal sides 61 of the rim 59 are integrally joined by an internal web 62, wherein a through hole is provided with an internal thread 64 provided in the center 63 of the inner web 62nd The radius r of the through hole and the radius R of the outer edge 59 are net angeord on a common center. The outer edge 59 and the webs 60 , 62 form a one-piece frame, from which frame openings 65 , 66 are enclosed. In the embodiment of FIGS. 21, 21a, no inserts are held in the frame openings. The floor part 58 has a prinzi piell similar structure to the foot part 57 , so that corresponding reference numerals are used for identification. The stage part 58 differs from the foot part 57 essentially by its overall smaller dimen- sions solutions of the outer frame 67 , with a largely adaptation to the jaw cavities 47 , 49 is realized by the respective dimensions.

As is further shown in Fig. 21, to put the implant 52 in the prefabricated jaw cavities first the foot part 57 and the stage part 58 laterally through the openings 68 , 69 in the Kieferhöhlun gene 47 , 49 and then the shaft 53 crestal through opening 70 is inserted into jaw cavity 48 . The arrows labeled with Roman numerals indicate not only the direction of movement but also the preferred sequence of insertion, but a changed sequence is also possible with regard to the foot and the floor part.

Fig. 22 shows a sectional view of the jaw segment 46 along the section plane XXI-XXI after insertion of the implant 52nd It is clear that the foot part 57 and the floor part 58 each as far as possible, ie up to a positive fit of the arcuate end of the outer frame 59 with the front, also arcuate end of the jaw cavities have been inserted into this. It is such a mutual ge geometric coordination of foot and floor part to the jaw cavities 47 , 48 , 49 realized that the through holes 63 with the internal threads 64 are automatically overlapping with cross sections of the jaw cavity 48 , which cross sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the Jaw cavity 48 is arranged. After inserting the foot part 57 and the stage part 58 , a problem-free insertion of the shaft 53 is thus possible, which takes place with simultaneous rotation about the longitudinal axis of the shaft 53 , so that the shaft 53 can be screwed to the foot part 57 and with the stage part 58 . The screwing of the shaft 53 to the stage part 58 takes place after the shaft has been inserted in its lower longitudinal section into the jaw cavity 58 , while the screwing to the foot part 57 takes place only after the shaft 53 has been almost completely inserted into the jaw cavity 48 . Fig. 22 shows the installation situation of Imp lantats 52 in the jaw segment 46 , in which the shaft 53 is connected to the foot part 57 and the floor part 58 by screwing. The threaded zone section 56 projects beyond the jawbone 50 and the gums 51 (not shown) adjacent to an upper smooth ring ring 71 so that the upper threaded zone section 56 is available for fastening an abutement or a denture. The dimensions of the foot part 57 and the floor part 58 are adapted to the jaw cross-section to be treated in such a way that the jaw cavities 47 , 48 are almost completely filled by them even in the areas adjacent to the openings 68 , 69 , ie layers in the area of particularly hard bones .

Fig. 23 shows the jaw segment 46 in a sectional view also on the sectional plane XXI-XXI, but in connection with an implant 52 'modified with respect to FIGS. 21, 21a, 22. This initially differs from the previously described implant 52 in that in place of the foot 57 and the floor part 58 a foot part 72 and a floor part provided therein 73, which also in Fig. From illustrated 23a transition state in principle in Fig. 17 in Show connection with a foot 39 described features. They each have (using the same reference number) an outer frame 74 made of a metal material, in the frame opening 75 of which a continuous insert 76 made of lactite is held by means of a press fit. The outer frame 74 of the foot portion 72 is geome tric to the cavity 47 , and the outer frame 74 of the floor portion 73 is geometrically adapted to the jaw cavity 49 , for which reference is made in principle to the previous statements. The implant 52 'also has a shaft 53 ', the threaded portion 54 'is formed as a tap. In an area axially adjacent to the free lower end 77 , the shaft 53 'is designed as a drill 79 . In the illustrated embodiment, the tap and the drill 79 are located directly adjacent to one another, so that the drill is also, as it were, formed in the region of the threaded zone section 54 '. Although an axially spaced configuration of the tap and drill is also conceivable, an immediately adjacent arrangement will be preferred in order to minimize the required drilling depth. The drill 79 is tailored to the cutting geometry in such a way to the material of the insert 76 that a precise drilling is possible without breaking out edge areas. The wide ren the diameter of the drill 79 is matched to the tap of the threaded zone portion 54 'in such a way that a precise and energy-saving introduction of an internal thread into the bore prefabricated with the drill 79 is ensured. In addition, the thread zone section 55 'arranged between the two free ends 77 and 78 is designed as a thread cutting, whereby - also with regard to the thread zone section 54 ' - under the term thread cutting the 08335 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285910822400040 0002019948910 00004 08216 in the sense of the present application also a self tapping external thread. Finally, the shaft 53 'has at its upper end 78 a third threaded zone section 56 ' which has no cutting effect. Between the threaded zone sections 54 ', 55 ' and 56 'there are smooth ring zones 71 ' which have smaller diameters compared to the threaded zone sections. To insert the Imp lantats 52 'according to the invention in the prefabricated jaw cavities 47 , 48 , 49 , the procedure outlined at the same time in FIG. 23 by movement arrows means that first the foot part 72 and the floor part 73 laterally through the openings 68 , 69 in the associated jaw cavities 47 , 49 are used (a reverse order is also possible). According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 23a, the foot part 72 and the tier part 73 have no threaded holes suitable for screwing to the shaft 53 'during insertion. Advantageously, therefore, less requirements are to be placed on the insertion of the implant 52 'with regard to the accuracy of the alignment in the jaw cavities than on the implant 52 . However, when inserting the implant 52 ', it should be noted that the foot part 72 and the stage part 73 are inserted at least as far into the associated jaw cavities until there is a complete overlap of cross sections of the jaw cavity 48 with the respective inserts 76 . The shaft 53 is then inserted into the prefabricated jaw cavity 48 , with a rotation about the longitudinal direction taking place. The insertion takes place first until the drill 79 hits the inserted part 73 . With a further insertion with simultaneous rotary movement, the drill 79 creates a bore in the insert 76 of the stage part 73 , into which an internal thread is introduced by the subsequent tap of the thread zone section 54 '. Finally, the threaded zone section 54 'passes through the insert 76 of the stage part, whereupon the threaded zone section 55 ' is screwed into the threaded bore of the stage part 73 in a further insertion. As shown in more detail in FIG. 25, the threaded zone section 55 'in the exemplary embodiment shown has a slightly larger diameter than the threaded zone section 54 '. When the shaft 53 'is inserted further, a slightly larger thread is cut into the existing threaded bore of the tier part 73 by the tap of the thread zone section 55 ', in which the shaft 53 'is securely screwed to the tier part 73 . When the shaft 53 'is inserted further, the drill 79 then meets the insert 76 of the foot part 72 , in which a borehole is first introduced. The tap of the threaded zone section 54 'cuts an internal thread therein, in which the shaft 53 ' is screwed to the foot part 72 .

Fig. 24 illustrates the mounting state of the implant 52 'in the jaw segment 46. The shaft 53 'has an insertion depth therein, in which the drill 79 is just below the foot part 72 , so that the threaded bore 80 of the foot part engages completely with the thread zone section 54 '. The chips or fragments formed in the introduction of the threaded bores 80 , 81 in the foot part 72 and in the landing part 73 , like the inserts 76, consist of bone-resorbable material, in the exemplary embodiment shown made of lactite, so that they, insofar as they are in the area, for example of the smaller-diameter smooth ring zones remain in the treating jaw and can also be reabsorbed over time.

Fig. 25 shows an enlarged side view of the shaft 53 ', with a symbolic representation of the drill 79 and the thread zone sections 54 ' and 55 'configured as a thread cutter and the thread zone section 56 ' not designed as a thread cutter are shown. Likewise, it is indicated that the threaded zone section 55 'has a slightly larger diameter than the threaded zone section 54 ' and that the smooth ring zones 71 'have a comparatively small diameter than the threaded zone sections te.

Fig. 26 shows a sectional view of the jaw segment 46 with prefabricated therein Kieferhöhlungen 47 and 49 for a foot part 72 and a floor member 73. The foot part 72 and the floor part 73 each correspond to the embodiments of FIGS . 23, 23a and 24, so that the corresponding reference numerals are used. The foot 72 and the floor part 73 form in FIG. 26 in connection with a shaft 53 "a further embodiment of an implant 52 Favor te". The shank 53 ", which is shown in further detail in FIG. 29, differs from the shank 53 'shown in FIG. 25 in that the threaded zone section 54 " only partially adjoins the axial region B as a tap in a manner adjacent to the drill 79 is trained. In contrast, the remaining thread zone section 54 "and the thread zone sections 55 " and 56 "are designed as external threads without thread cutting functions.

The Figs. 26 to 28, the insertion described in the context of the implant 52 "in the jaw segment 46, for which purpose initially the foot 72 and the floor part 73 in the prefabricated Kieferhöhlungen 47 and 49 are used. As a result, this is shown in Fig. 27. At finally, the shaft 53 "is crestally placed on the alveolar ridge with a constant rotation about its longitudinal axis and continuously advanced in the direction of the arrow. In the course of further insertion, the second jaw cavity 48 is then produced by the rotation of the drill 79 , and in addition also flush through-holes in the foot part 72 and floor part 73 . An internal thread is cut into the resulting bore by the trailing tap in area B of the threaded zone section 54 ", so that in the inserted state of the shaft 53 'a screwing of the foot part 72 with the threaded zone section 54 " and the landing part 73 with the threaded zone section 55 "is given Finally, it is noted with reference to FIGS . 21 to 28 that, with respect to the implants shown in each case, modifications are also possible in which the floor part is dispensed with.

All the features disclosed are essential to the invention. In the disclosure of the application is also the Offenba content of the associated priority documents (Ab written notice of the pre-registration) conditions, also for the purpose, characteristics of these documents in To include claims of the present application.

Claims (43)

1.Implant for lateral insertion into milled jaw cavities with a shaft that has a thread zone and is equipped with several axially one behind the other ring-shaped smooth zones (smooth ring zones) and which cantilever-like a foot part and at least a less projecting section of floor characterized in that the shank ( 2 ) has a plurality of threaded zone sections ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ) alternating with the smooth ring zones ( 7 , 8 , 9 ) of smaller diameter and the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "") and / or as a separate stage part ( 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''') te tier section have internal thread zones ( 12 , 13 ), which the shaft ( 2 ) in the area of it Thread zone sections ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ) can be assigned in mutually changeable positions. 2. Implant ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that at least one of the threaded zone sections ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ) of the shaft ( 2 ) has open threads ( 16 , 17 ) towards its axial ends. 3. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "") has a blind hole ( 14 ) in which the internal thread zone ( 13 ) of the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "") is formed. 4. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the internal thread zone ( 13 ) of the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "") on the the drilling approximately bottom ( 18 ) facing end has a closed thread ( 19 ). 5. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the shaft ( 2 ) in the longitudinal direction has at least one terminal threaded zone section ( 3 , 6 ), at the free end of which an open thread is formed . 6. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the terminal external thread zone ( 6 ) of the shaft has an axial length (a) which is at least the axial length (e) of the internal thread zone ( 13th ) of the foot section. 7. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the blind hole ( 14 ) perpendicular to a main direction of extension (G) of the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "") extends. 8. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the stage part ( 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''') has a through hole ( 15 ) in which the internal thread zone ( 12 ) of the stage part ( 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''') is formed with threads open at both ends. 9. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the through hole ( 15 ) is perpendicular to a main direction of extension (G) of the tier part ( 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''' ) extends. 10. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a smooth ring zone ( 7 , 8 , 9 ) and an adjacent threaded zone section ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ) have essentially the same axial length ( a, b, c, d). 11. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the smooth zone zone ( 6 ) adjoining the terminal thread in the longitudinal direction ( 9 ) and the subsequent further threaded zone section ( 5 ) in have substantial axial surface length (b). 12. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that two further smooth ring zones ( 8 , 7 ) and a threaded zone section ( 4 ) connect to the further threaded zone section ( 5 ), which each have essentially the same axial length (c). 13. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a threaded zone section ( 3 ) is provided at the end of the shaft ( 2 ) opposite the end threaded section ( 6 ). 14. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the axial lengths (a, b, c, d) are different from one another. 15. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the foot part ( 10 "") has two mutually spaced internal thread zones ( 13 ) whose lines of symmetry lie in a common plane. 16. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that one floor part has two spaced-apart through bores ( 15 ), the lines of symmetry of which lie in a common plane and that both through bores each have an internal thread zone ( 12 ) are trained. 17. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the stage part ( 11 ") has an opening ( 31 ) through which the passage bore ( 15 ) over its entire length there is an open passage to an outer edge ( 32 ) of the stage part ( 11 ") that in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the through hole ( 15 ) between the through hole ( 15 ) and the opening ( 31 ) with respect to the outer thread diameter of the shaft ( 2 ) a constriction ( 33 ) of the passage is formed and that the smallest cross-sectional dimension (A) of the opening ( 31 ) between the constriction ( 33 ) and the outer edge ( 32 ) of the landing part ( 11 ") the outer thread diameter of Shaft ( 2 ) surpasses. 18. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that two floor parts ( 11 ) are provided which have internal thread zones ( 12 ) which the shaft ( 2 ) in the region of its threaded zone sections ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ) can be assigned at mutually variable distances. 19. Implant ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''', 10 "") and / or a floor part ( 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''') are made of a material that is resorbable through the jaw. 20. Implant according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the internal thread zones ( 13 , 12 ) of the foot part ( 10 , 10 ', 10 ", 10 ''') and the floor part ( 11 , 11 ', 11 ", 11 ''', 11 "") are identical in diameter and pitch and preferably correspond to those of an abutment. 21. An implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") intended for insertion into prefabricated jaw cavities ( 47 , 48 , 49 ) with a shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") which has at least one threaded zone section ( 54 , 54 ', 54 "), and which has a foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) projecting like a disc, characterized in that the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") and the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) have a threaded zone section ( 54 , 54 ', 54 ") can be screwed together. 22. Implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a tier part ( 58 , 73 ) is provided which is connected to the shaft via a threaded portion ( 55 , 55 ') , 55 ") can be screwed. 23. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) and / or the tier part ( 58 , 73 ) has a base plate ( 40 ) has an outer frame ( 41 , 74 ) which surrounds a frame opening ( 42 , 75 ), and that in the frame opening ( 42 , 75 ) an insert ( 43 , 76 ) made of a bone-absorbable and the insertion of a threaded hole ( 44 , 80 , 81 ) allowing material. 24. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the frame ( 47 , 74 ) consists of a metal material. 25. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the frame ( 41 , 74 ) is formed continuously along an outer peripheral edge ( 45 ) of the base plate ( 40 ). 26. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the frame opening ( 42 , 75 ) from the insert ( 43 , 76 ) with respect to a parallel to the base plate ( 40 ) Level is completely closed. 27. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the insert ( 43 , 76 ) contains lactite. 28. Implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") at a first free end ( 77 ) has a first threaded section ( 54 , 54 ', 54 "), with which the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) can be screwed ver via a thread engagement. 29. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the first threaded zone section ( 54 ', 54 '') of the shaft ( 53 ', 53 '') at least in one axially adjacent to the free end ( 77 ) is designed as a drill ( 79 ) and / or milling cutter. 30. Implant ( 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the first threaded zone section ( 54 ', 54 ") of the shaft ( 53 ', 53 ") at least in an axial region (B) is formed as a tap. 31. Implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the shaft has a second threaded zone section ( 56 , 56 ', 56 ") at a second free end ( 78 ) , with which an abutement and / or a rotary tool can be connected. 32. Implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that between the first ( 77 ) and the second ( 78 ) end of the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 " ) a threaded zone section ( 55 , 55 ', 55 ") is formed, with which the stage part ( 58 , 73 ) can be connected via a thread engagement. 33. Implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that zone sections axially between the threads ( 54 , 54 ', 54 ", 55 , 55 ', 55 ", 56 , 56 ', 56 ") smooth ring zones ( 71 , 71 ', 71 "), on the other hand, are arranged over a smaller diameter. 34. Method for inserting a jaw implant ( 52 , 52 ', 52 ") with a shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") and with a foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) into a jaw, wherein an insertion of the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) into a first jaw cavity ( 47 ) and an insertion of the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") into a second jaw cavity ( 48 ), characterized in that a lateral insertion of the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) and a crestal insertion of the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") and that the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) and the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") are screwed together after insertion. 35. The method according to claim 34 or in particular according to, characterized in that before the insertion of the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") a lateral insertion of a tier part ( 58 , 73 ) into a third jaw cavity ( 49 ) takes place and the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") with the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) and with the floor part ( 58 , 73 ) is screwed ver. 36. The method according to one or more of claims 34 and 35 or in particular according thereto, characterized net gekennzeich that a shaft (53, 53 ', 53 ") is used, which at a first free end (77) a first nenabschnitt Gewindezo (54 , 54 ', 54 ") and that the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") is rotated during and / or after insertion about its longitudinal axis of symmetry, so that between the first threaded zone section ( 54 , 54 ' , 54 ") and a threaded bore ( 44 , 63 , 80 ) of the foot part ( 39 , 57 , 72 ) is made by thread engagement. 37. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 36 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") is used which has a threaded zone section between the two free ends ( 77 , 78 ) ( 55 , 55 ', 55 ") has that the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") rotates during and / or after insertion about its longitudinal axis of symmetry and that between the threaded zone portion ( 55 , 55 ', 55 ") of the shaft ( 53 , 53 ', 53 ") and a threaded bore ( 63 , 81 ) of the landing part ( 58 , 73 ) is made by a threaded engagement. 38. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 37 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a shaft ( 53 ', 53 ") is used, the first threaded zone section ( 54 ', 54 ") at least in one axially to the free End of the shaft adjacent area is designed as a drill ( 79 ) and / or as a milling cutter. 39. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 38 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a shaft ( 53 ', 53 ") is used, the first threaded zone section ( 54 ', 54 ") at least in an axial region (B ) is trained as a tap. 40. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 39 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the threaded bore ( 44 , 80 , 81 ) of the foot part ( 39 , 72 ) and / or the floor part ( 73 ) by the rotation of the Shafts ( 53 ', 53 ") is produced during the crestal insertion. 41. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 40 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the second jaw cavity ( 48 ) is produced by the rotation of the shaft ( 53 ") when it is inserted crestally. 42. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 41 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a foot part ( 39 , 72 ) and / or a tier part ( 73 ) is used which has a base plate ( 40 ) with an outer frame ( 41 , 74 ) made of a metal material, the frame ( 41 , 74 ) enclosing a frame opening ( 42 , 75 ) and the frame opening ( 42 , 75 ) in a plane parallel to the base plate ( 40 ) completely from an insert ( 43 , 76 ) is closed, which consists of a material that can be resorbed by bone and allows the insertion of a threaded hole ( 44 , 80 , 81 ), in particular lactite. 43. The method according to one or more of claims 34 to 41 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the threaded bore ( 44 , 80 , 81 ) of the foot part ( 39 , 72 ) and / or the floor part ( 73 ) by the rotation of the Shafts ( 53 ', 53 ") during its crestal insertion in the area of the absorbable insert ( 43 , 76 ) is produced.