DE19935965A1 - Biodegradable composite films - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to composite films which are biodegradable, compostable and sealable. Said films are comprised of a non-thermoplastic, biodegradable carrier film and a biodegradable, extrudable sealing layer. The sealing layer has a lower melting temperature than the carrier film. The invention also relates to the production of said composite films by means of extrusion coating or lamination and to the use thereof.

Description

The invention relates to biodegradable composite films from a biodegradable buildable, non-thermoplastic carrier film and a biodegradable, extrudable sealing layer.

It is known that certain polymers, like other materials, contain a biolo be subject to degradation. Mainly materials are to be mentioned here, obtained from naturally occurring polymers directly or after modification are, for example polyhydroxyalkanolates such as polyhydroxybutyrate, plastic Celluloses, cellulose ether esters, cellulose esters, plastic starches, chitosan and Pullulan. A targeted variation of the polymer composition or the structures, As is desirable on the part of polymer application, such poly Due to the natural synthesis process, it is difficult and often only very difficult limited possible. Under the terms "biodegradable and composted bare polymers or moldings "goods are ver in the sense of this invention that meet the requirements of biodegradability in terms of relevant standards, e.g. B. DIN V 54 900 or ASTM D 5338.

However, many of the synthetic polymers are not affected by microorganisms or attacked very slowly. Mainly synthetic polymers, the He Teroatoms contained in the main chain are said to be potentially biodegradable seen. An important mass within these materials is the polyester. Synthetic polyesters containing only aliphatic monomers have one relatively good biodegradability due to their material properties can only be used to a very limited extent; see Witt et al. in Macrom. Chem. Phys., 195 (1994) pp. 793-802. Aromatic polyesters, on the other hand, show good material properties significantly deteriorated biodegradability.  

From DE-A-44 32 161 and EP-A-641 817 there have been several recently biodegradable, synthetic polymers on polyester or polyester amide Base became known. These have the property that they are well thermoplastic are processable and, on the other hand, biodegradable, d. H. all of them Polymer chain of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) split by enzymes ten and is completely broken down to carbon dioxide, water and biomass, so that in a corresponding test in a natural environment under the influence of Microorganisms the conditions for biodegradability according to DIN V 54 900 er to fill. These biodegradable materials can due to the thermo plastic behavior can be processed into semi-finished products such as cast or blown films. However, the use of these semi-finished products is very limited. For example, the Barrier properties against water vapor and gases and the mechanical Properties including sealability do not rule out for many applications reaching.

The barrier properties of an inherently sealable layer can be from one of the biodegradable polymers specified above on polyester or polyester amide base by coextrusion with other polymers on the same or Similar chemical basis, but with a different monomer composition and further improve the other melting point to a multilayer film, but also the improvements that can be achieved in this way are often not sufficient. In particular are also the mechanical properties at higher temperatures, such as wise occur on high-speed packaging machines, not sufficient.

The object of the present invention was therefore to provide a biodegradable Composite film with improved mechanical and barrier properties ready to deliver.

This task was solved by a biodegradable and compostable, sealable composite film made from a non-thermoplastic, biodegradable Carrier film with low elasticity and a biodegradable, elastic and  extrudable sealing layer whose melting point is at least 50 ° C lower than that Carrier film is. The difference between the melting or Decomposition point of the sealing layer and the melting or decomposition point of the Carrier film at least 70 ° C.

The biodegradable, non-thermoplastic carrier film results in a high Rigidity and mechanical strength of the composite film.

Are biodegradable, non-thermoplastic films with low elasticity preferably suitable cellulose and cellulose modifications not, one or surface-treated on both sides, e.g. B. with nitrocellulose ("NC"), Polyvinylidene chloride ("PVDC") or vinyl copolymers coated (or with Polyethers ("PE") extrusion-coated cell glass).

In this preferred embodiment, the composite film according to the invention has very good transparency and very little cloudiness.

Cell glass coated with a nitrocellulose lacquer on one side is particularly preferred. Painting with the nitrocellulose paint improves the water vapor barrier. Properties and, when applied to the outside of the backing sheet, a sealability of the film against itself.

Carrier foils formed from cellophane or cellophane modifications can additionally Materials in accordance with the Cellular Glass Counterpart Ordinance of May 20, 1987 in contain the amounts specified there.

Alternatively, the biodegradable carrier film can advantageously with a corona or flame or plasma pretreatment or an oxidative substance or mixture, e.g. B. gases with radical components such as ozone or a plasma-excited gas mixture of, for example, hexamethyldisiloxane with nitrogen (N ₂ ) and / or oxygen (O ₂ ) or a polymeric adhesion promoter, be treated on the upper surface.

As a material for the elastic and extrudable, biodegradable sealing layer are suitable:

Biodegradable aliphatic or partially aromatic polyesters, in which the aromatic acids make up a proportion of not more than 60% by weight, based on all acids, preferably formed from

• a) aliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably linear C ₂ to C ₁₀ dialcohols such as, in particular, ethanediol, hexanediol or very particularly preferably butanediol and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably with 5 or 6 carbon atoms in the cycloaliphatic ring, such as in particular cyclohexanedimethanol , and / or partially or completely instead of the diols monomeric or oligomeric polyols based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran or copolymers thereof with molecular weights up to 4000, preferably up to 1000, and optionally small amounts of branched bifunctional alcohols, preferably C ₃ -C ₁₂ - Alkyldiols, especially neopentyglycol, and in addition, if appropriate, small amounts of higher-functional alcohols, such as preferably 1,2,3-propanetriol or trimethylpropane as an alcohol-functionalized building block, and from aliphatic bifunctional acids, preferably C ₂ -C ₁₂ -alkyldicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably succinic acid or Adipic acid and optionally aromatic bifunctional acids such as preferably terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and additionally optionally small amounts of higher functional acids, preferably trimellitic acid as acid-functionalized building block or
• b) from acid and alcohol functionalized building blocks, preferably with 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, preferably hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxy  valeric acid, lactic acid, or their derivatives, for example ε-caprolac clay or dilactide,

or a mixture of several of the polyesters mentioned and / or one or several copolymers from building blocks a) and b).

Also suitable as materials for the sealing layer are biodegradable, aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester urethanes derived from the above biodegradable aliphatic or partially aromatic polyesters, which contain urethane groups in addition to the ester groups preferably formed from building blocks a) and / or b), which were preferably formed out

• a) aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional and additionally optionally higher functional isocyanates, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 5 to 8 carbon atoms in the case of cycloaliphatic isocyanates, preferably tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, optionally additionally with linear and / or branched and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional and / or higher functional alcohols, preferably C ₃ -C ₁₂ alkyldi- or polyols or cycloaliphatic alcohols having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably ethanediol, hexanediol, butanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, and / or optionally additionally with linear and / or branched and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional and / or higher functional amines and / or amino alcohols with preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, preferably ethylenediamine or aminoethanol, and / or optionally further modified Amines or alcohols, especially ethylenedia minoethanesulfonic acid as free acid or as salt,

wherein the ester portion preferably formed from a) and / or b) is at least 75 % By weight, based on the total weight.  

Also suitable as materials for the sealing layer are aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester carbonates derived from the above aliphatic or partially aromatic polyesters, which contain carbonate groups in addition to building blocks a) and / or b), which are preferably formed from:

• a) a carbonate portion, the aromatic bifunctional phenols before adds bisphenol-A, and carbonate donors, especially phosgene is, or a carbonate portion, which from aliphatic carbonic acid esters or their derivatives such as preferably chlorocarbonic acid esters or aliphatic carboxylic acids or their derivatives such as salts and carbonate donors, in particular phosgene, is produced, wherein

the ester fraction preferably formed from a) and / or b) is at least 70% by weight, be pulled to the total weight.

Particularly suitable as materials for the sealing layer are aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester amides derived from the above aliphatic or partially aromatic polyesters, which contain amide groups in addition to the building blocks a) and / or b), which were preferably formed from

• a) aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional amines, preferably linear aliphatic C ₂ to C ₁₀ diamines, in particular isophoronediamine and very particularly preferably hexamethylenediamine, where these amines may contain small amounts of branched bifunctional amines and / or higher functional amines and from linear ones and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional acids, preferably with 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or C ₅ - or C ₆ ring in the case of cycloaliphatic acids, preferably adipic acid, and optionally small amounts of branched bifunctional and / or optionally aromatic tables bifunctional acids such as, for example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and, if appropriate, small amounts of higher-functional acids, preferably having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or
• b) acid- and amine-functionalized building blocks, preferably with 4 to 20 C- Atoms in the cycloaliphatic chain, preferably ω-laurolactam, esp preferably ε-caprolactam,

or a mixture of e) and f), the preferably from a) and / or b) ge formed ester content is at least 20 wt .-%, based on the total weight, preferably the ester fraction 20 to 80 wt .-%, and the proportion of the amide structures Is 80 to 20 wt .-%.

The sealing layer used in composite films according to the invention can be both pure polymers and mixtures of different ge mentioned polymers act, in the case of mixtures preferably polymers from only one of the aforementioned classes of compounds (polyester, polyester urethane, Polyester carbonates, polyester amides) can be used. Be particularly preferred Polyester amides or mixtures of different polyester amides are used. The Polyester amides according to the invention have an average molecular weight as in the WO 99/28384 specified (incorporated by reference).

The sealing layer according to the invention can additionally contain conventional additives and auxiliaries medium included. The following additives and auxiliaries are preferably used Commitment:

A maximum of 5% by weight of nucleating agents typically used for polyester (e.g. 1,5-naphthalene disodium sulfonate or layered silicates, for example talc, or nanoparticle size nucleating agents, d. H. average particle diameter <1 µm, from, for example, titanium nitride, aluminum hydroxyl hydrate, barium sulfate or zircon compounds) and / or a maximum of 5 wt .-% of the usual stabilizers and neutralizers sationsmittel and / or a maximum of 5 wt .-% of the usual lubricants and release agents  and / or a maximum of 5% by weight of the customary antiblocking agents and, if appropriate Pigments for coloring.

The usual stabilizers can be used as stabilizers and neutralizing agents Kenden compounds for polyester compounds are used. Their addition The maximum amount is 5% by weight.

Phenolic stabilizers, alkali / earth, are particularly suitable as stabilizers alkali stearates and / or alkali / alkaline earth carbonates. Phenolic stabilizers in an amount of 0 to 3 wt .-%, in particular 0.15 to 0.3 wt .-% and with a Molar mass of more than 500 g / mol preferred. Pentaerythrityl-Tetrakis-3 (3,5-di-Ter tiärbutyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate or 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene are particularly advantageous.

Neutralizing agents are preferably dihydrotalcite, calcium stearate, calcium carbonate and / or calcium montanate with an average particle size of at most 0.7 µm, an absolute particle size of less than 10 µm and a specific surface area of at least 40 m ² / g.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the film has one Nucleating agent content of 0.0001 to 2 wt .-% and a stabilizer and Neutralizing agent content from 0.0001 to 2 wt .-%.

Lubricants and release agents are higher aliphatic amides, tertiary amines, aliphatic Acid amides, higher aliphatic acid esters, low molecular polar modified Waxes, montan waxes, cyclic waxes, phthalates, metal soaps and silicone oils. The addition of higher aliphatic acid amides and sili is particularly suitable oiling.

Homologous compounds in particular are among the aliphatic amides suitable from ethylene amide to stearyl amide. Aliphatic acid amides are amides  a water-insoluble monocarboxylic acid (so-called fatty acids) with 8 to 24 Carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Erucic acid amide, Stearic acid amide and oleic acid amide are preferred among them.

Compounds which are both ester and as well as amide groups, such as stearamide ethyl stearate or 2 Stear amido ethyl stearate.

A number of different compounds fall under the name Montan waxes See Neumüller et al. in Römpps Chemie-Lexikon, Franckh'sche Ver laghandlung, Stuttgart, 1974.

Examples of cyclic waxes are components such as cyclic adipic acid tetramethylene ester or 1.6-dioxa-2.7-dioxocyclododecane, or the homologous hexa suitable methylene derivative. Such substances are known as commercial products Glycolube VL known.

Suitable silicone oils are polydialkylsiloxanes, preferably polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane, olefin-modified silicone, silicone modified with polyethers such as, for. B. polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol and epoxyamino- and alcohol-modified silicone. The viscosity of the suitable silicone oils is in the range from 5000 to 1,000,000 mm ² / s. Polydimenthylsiloxane with a viscosity of 10,000 to 100,000 mm ² / s is preferred.

The amount of lubricant added is at most 5% by weight. In a particular the preferred embodiment of the monolayer or multilayer according to the invention term film has a lubricant content of 0.005 to 4 wt .-%. In a very particularly preferred embodiment of the film has a slide average proportion of 0.05 to 1 wt .-%. In the case of a multilayer film, contain several or all layers of lubricant.  

Suitable antiblocking agents are both inorganic and organic additives substances that, due to their particle size and / or shape, are raised from the foils protrude surface and thus create a spacer effect.

In a preferred form, the following substances are used as inorganic antiblocking agents:
Aluminum hydroxide
Aluminum silicates, for example kaolin or kaolin clay,
Aluminum oxides, for example Θ-aluminum oxide
Aluminum sulfate
Ceramics made of silica aluminum oxides
Barium sulfate
natural and synthetic silicas
Layered silicates, for example asbestos,
Silicon dioxide
Calcium carbonate of the calcite type
Calcium phosphate
Magnesium silicates
Magnesium carbonate
Magnesium oxide
Titanium dioxide
zinc oxide
Micro glass balls
and used the following substances as organic antiblocking agents:
organic polymers such as starch which are incompatible with the biodegradable polymer
Polystyrene
cross-linked and uncross-linked polymethyl methacrylate
cross-linked polysiloxane (e.g. Tospearl)
polar modified polyethylene (e.g. maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene)
polar modified polypropylene (e.g. maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene)
statistical copolymer based on ethylene or propylene with vinyl alcohol or vinyl acetate or acrylic acid or acrylic acid ester or methacrylic acid or methacrylic acid reester or metal salts of methacrylic acid or metal salts of methacrylic acid ester
Benzoguanamine formaldehyde polymers.

The effective amount of antiblocking agent is up to a maximum of 5% by weight. In In a particularly preferred embodiment, the film contains 0.005 to 4% by weight of anti blocking agent. In a very particularly preferred embodiment, the film contains 0.05 up to 1% by weight of antiblocking agent. The average particle size is between 1 and 6 µm, in particular 2 and 5 µm, particles with a spherical shape, as described in EP-A-0 236 945 and DE-A-38 01 535, are particularly suitable are. Combinations of different spacers are also particularly suitable systems.

Since the carrier film of the composite film according to the invention cannot be extruded, can the film according to the invention is not produced by coextrusion. One in many Sufficient bond adhesion can already be achieved by extrusion achieve stratification.

The composite film is obtained by the sealing layer, which is used in a conventional Extrusion process was melted, carried out by a tool and on the carrier film is applied and then the resulting composite Cooling rolls is cooled until the sealing layer solidifies.

The composite film is advantageous for higher demands on composite adhesion by a lamination process, in which the sealing layer as a feed by wet or Thermal lamination is connected to the carrier film. When wet lamination is the backing layer or the sealing layer or both backing and  also seal layer with a laminating adhesive, if necessary the adhesive dried and the two foils joined together by roller pressers. As Laminating adhesives come with both solvent-free and solvent-based ones Glue into consideration. In a particularly preferred form, the lamination adhesive is flat if biodegradable and compostable. Becomes a non-biodegradable Laminating glue used, its share in the total composite film less than 1 wt .-% to the biodegradability of the composite film in the sense of relevant standards, e.g. B. DIN 54 900 or ASTM D 5338 not overwrite. With thermal lamination, it is used as a tapered film trained sealing layer by tempered roller pressers on the carrier film pressed and thus connected to the carrier film. In a special version form for thermal lamination, the incoming sealing layer consists of at least two layers, the melting points of which are different. By tempering the tapered sealing layer to the melting temperature of the earlier melting Layer and pressing on the carrier film becomes the connection between the carrier film and sealing layer reached, the earlier melting layer of the inlet of the Carrier film is facing. The two layers of the sealing layer are preferred chosen so that the polymers used are as similar as possible chemically are.

The sealing layer, which ver by wet or thermal lamination with the carrier film can be bound in the usual way in both blown film and chill roll Process are made. In addition, the sealing layer film can be unstretched as well be stretched monoaxially or biaxially.

The films according to the invention can be pretreated in a variety of ways or untreated as well as in printed or unprinted form for the manufacturer Provision of packaging for protection and separation functions in connection with Cosmetics and hygiene articles, in waste disposal or in agriculture use.  

The following examples are intended to explain the invention in more detail without being directed thereto restrict.  

Examples

• 1. Cellular glass 320 DM (decomposition point <250 ° C), thickness 21 microns, was with Polyester amide from 54% by weight ε-caprolactam, 23% by weight adipic acid and 23% by weight 1,4-butanediol (BAK 403-004, Bayer AG, MFI 7 g / 10 min at 190 ° C; 2.16 kg; measured according to DIN 53 735; Melting point 125 ° C, measured according to ISO 3146 / C2; Lubricant content 0.1% by weight, content of Antiblocking agent 0.1% by weight) extrusion-coated. The maximum extru sion temperature was 165 ° C. The melt was through a flat die ejected and applied to a casting roller. The cellophane was called Inlet pressed onto the cast film and the composite with a cooling roller cooled down. The casting and chill roll temperature was 41 ° C. there has been a Laminated film with a total thickness of approx. 40 µm.
• 2. Cellular glass 320 DM (decomposition point <250 ° C), thickness 21 microns, was with Polyester amide from 32% by weight adipic acid, 12.5% by weight butanediol, 15.5% by weight of diethylene glycol and 40% by weight of AH salt (BAK 402-001, Bayer AG, MFI 11 g / 10 min at 190 ° C; 2.16 kg; measured according to DIN 53 735; Melting point 175 ° C, measured according to ISO 3146 / C2; Anti content blocking agent 0.1% by weight) and a biodegradable adhesive (a component glue based on polyester). The temperature the laminating roller was 50 ° C, the contact pressure 6 bar. It became a ver bundle film made with a total thickness of 50 microns.

The following physical properties became inherent in the composite films produced measured as follows:

Mechanical properties

The mechanical parameters of tensile strength and elongation at break were determined on the samples determined in both the longitudinal and transverse directions according to DIN 53 455. The  The modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal and transverse directions was determined in accordance with DIN 53 4S7 Right. The thickness of the individual samples was determined in accordance with DIN 53 370.

Permeation properties

The permeability of oxygen at a temperature of 23 ° C and a relative humidity of 75% according to DIN 53 380 measured. Farther the permeability of water vapor at a temperature of 23 ° C and a relative humidity of 85% determined according to DIN 53 122.

Association liability

The bond adhesion according to DIN 53 357, method B ge measure between the sealing layer and the carrier film.

Sealing seam strengths

The strength of the sealing seams on the samples was determined using a sealing device sealing tool heated on both sides were determined. Under the seal Strength is understood to mean the maximum force that is required to under a to defined conditions (pressure, time, temperature) separate. The seal seam strength is given in N, the strip width as an index added (N / 15 mm). The sealing area is the temperature range in which a measurable seal strength is present.

Two faultless, clean sample strips were made from the film web to be tested taken. For sealing, they were aligned with the surfaces to be sealed put on and held between the sealing jaws so that the sample on each side protruded at least 1 cm. The seal must be perpendicular to the film running direction respectively.

The seal strength test was carried out according to the following standard condition:
Pressure: 50 N / cm ² ,
Time: 0.5 sec,
Temperature: in 10 K steps from 150 ° C.

The seal seam produced was used from the center in exactly the same direction as the film cut a 15 mm wide test strip using a test strip cutter. With a The tensile strength machine was examined for seal strength by using it vertically was separated to the sealed seam. In each case, the maximum value was given for the Tearing force.

The results of the tests on the samples from Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1 listed.  

Table 1

Measurement results for the composite films from Examples 1 and 2

Claims (15)

1. Biodegradable and compostable, sealable composite film, characterized in that the film consists of a non-thermoplastic biodegradable carrier film with low elasticity and an elastic and extrudable biodegradable sealing layer, the melting point of which is at least 50 ° C lower than the melting or The point of decomposition of the carrier film is. 2. Composite film according to claim 1, characterized in that the Carrier film consists essentially of cellophane or cellophane modifications. 3. Composite film according to claim 2, characterized in that the Carrier film on one side, preferably on the outer, the sealing layer opposite side is coated with a nitrocellulose varnish. 4. Composite film according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sealing layer of biodegradable aliphatic polyester or partaro Matic polyester with an aromatic acid content of no more than 50% by weight, based on all acids or derived from these polyesters Functional derivatives in the form of polyester urethanes with a Ester content of at least 75 wt .-%, or polyester carbonates with a Ester content of at least 70 wt .-% or polyester amides with a Ester content of at least 20 wt .-% or their mixtures and optionally contains conventional additives and auxiliaries. 5. Composite film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sealing layer is made of polyester

• a) aliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably linear C ₂ to C ₁₀ dialcohols, in particular ethanediol, hexanediol or very particularly preferably butanediol and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably having 5 or 6 carbon atoms in the cycloaliphatic ring, such as in particular cyclohexanedimethanol, and / or partially or completely instead of the diols, monomeric or oligomeric polyols based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran or copolymers thereof with molecular weights of up to 4000, preferably up to 1000, and, if appropriate, small amounts of branched bifunctional alcohols, preferably C ₃ -C ₁₂ -alkyldiols, in particular neopentyglycol, and in addition, if appropriate, small amounts of higher-functionality alcohols, such as preferably 1,2,3-propanetriol or trimethylol propane as an alcohol-functionalized building block, and of aliphatic bifunctional acids, preferably C ₂ -C ₁₂ -alkyldicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably succinic acid or adip acid and optionally aromatic bifunctional acids such as preferably terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and additionally optionally small amounts of higher functional acids such as trimellitic acid as an acid-functionalized building block or
• b) from acid- and alcohol-functionalized building blocks, preferably with 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, preferably hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid, lactic acid, or their derivatives, for example ε-caprolactone or dilactide,
  or a mixture of several of the polyesters mentioned and / or one or more copolymers from the building blocks a) and b) and, if appropriate, conventional additives and auxiliaries.

6. Biodegradable and compostable composite film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sealing layer is formed from aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester urethanes with urethane groups

• a) aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional and additionally optionally higher functional isocyanates, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 5 to 8 carbon atoms in the case of cycloaliphatic isocyanates, preferably tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, optionally additionally with linear ones and / or branched and / or cycloaliphatic bi-functional and / or higher-functional alcohols, preferably C ₃ -C ₁₂ -alkyl di- or polyols or cycloaliphatic alcohols having 5 to 8 C atoms, preferably ethanediol, hexanediol, butanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, and / or optionally additionally with linear and / or branched and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional and / or higher functional amines and / or amino alcohols with preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, preferably ethylenediamine or aminoethanol, and / or optionally further modified amines or alcohols such as especially ethylene slide mino ethanesulfonic acid, as a free acid or as a salt and, if appropriate, conventional additives and auxiliaries.

7. Composite film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sealing layer with aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyester carbonates

• a) a carbonate fraction which is produced from aromatic bifunctional phenols, preferably bisphenol-A, and carbonate donors, in particular phos gene, or
  a carbonate fraction which is prepared from aliphatic carbonic acid esters or their derivatives such as, for example, chlorocarbonic acid esters or aliphatic carboxylic acids or their derivatives such as salts and carbonate donors, for example phosgene, and optionally contains conventional additives and auxiliaries.

8. Composite film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sealing layer is formed from aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester amides with amide groups

• a) aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional amines, preferably linear aliphatic C ₂ to C ₁₀ diamines, in particular isophoronediamine and very particularly preferably hexamethylenediamine, where these amines can optionally contain small amounts of branched bifunctional amines and / or higher-functional amines, and from linear and / or cycloaliphatic bifunctional acids, preferably with 2 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or C ₅ - or C ₆ ring in the case of cycloaliphatic acids, preferably adipic acid, and 5 to 8 carbon atoms, if appropriate, small amounts on branched bifunctional and / or optionally aromatic bifunctional acids such as, for example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and, if appropriate, small amounts of higher-functional acids, preferably with 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or
• b) contains acid- and amine-functionalized building blocks, preferably having 4 to 20 carbon atoms in the cycloaliphatic chain, preferably ω-laurolactam, particularly preferably ε-caprolactam, or a mixture of e) and f) and, if appropriate, customary additives and auxiliaries.

9. Process for the production of biodegradable and compostable Composite film according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the composite film by extrusion coating the biologically degradable carrier film with the biodegradable sealing layer. 10. Process for the production of biodegradable and compostable Composite film according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the composite film by a lamination process, in which the sealing layer as an inflow by wet or thermal lamination on the carrier film is brought, is produced. 11. Process for the production of biodegradable and compostable Composite film according to claim 10, characterized in that when wet lamination of the carrier layer or the sealing layer or both carrier and also coat the sealing layer with a lamination adhesive, if necessary the Glue dried and both foils together by roller pressers are connected, both solvent-free and solvent medium-containing single or multi-component adhesives can be used. 12. Process for the production of biodegradable and compostable Composite film according to claim 11, characterized in that the Laminating glue used is also biodegradable and composted are cash. 13. Process for the production of biodegradable and compostable Composite film according to claim 11, characterized in that a non Biodegradable laminating adhesive with a weight percentage of the Composite film of less than 1 wt .-% is used. 14. Process for the production of biodegradable and compostable Composite film according to claim 10, characterized in that the  Thermal lamination is an at least two-layer biodegradable Sealing layer is used, the layers being different enamel have points and the layer with the lowest melting point the thermal lamination is connected to the carrier film. 15. Use of the biodegradable and compostable composite film according to one of claims 1 to 9 in pretreated or untreated as well as in printed or unprinted form for the production of Ver packs for protection and isolation functions related to Cosmetics and hygiene items, at waste disposal or in the country economy.