DE19902304A1 - Measurement of air temperature in passenger's compartment of vehicle without influencing radiation heat by using sound propagation time at constant distance as criterion for determining sound speed and thus air temperature - Google Patents
Measurement of air temperature in passenger's compartment of vehicle without influencing radiation heat by using sound propagation time at constant distance as criterion for determining sound speed and thus air temperatureInfo
- Publication number
- DE19902304A1 DE19902304A1 DE1999102304 DE19902304A DE19902304A1 DE 19902304 A1 DE19902304 A1 DE 19902304A1 DE 1999102304 DE1999102304 DE 1999102304 DE 19902304 A DE19902304 A DE 19902304A DE 19902304 A1 DE19902304 A1 DE 19902304A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sound
- vehicle
- air temperature
- constant distance
- criterion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/22—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using measurement of acoustic effects
- G01K11/24—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using measurement of acoustic effects of the velocity of propagation of sound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/00792—Arrangement of detectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
- B60R25/10—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device
- B60R25/1004—Alarm systems characterised by the type of sensor, e.g. current sensing means
- B60R25/1009—Sonic sensors; Signal treatment therefor
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Es besteht der Wunsch, die Temperatur der Luft in Innenräumen von Gebäuden oder Fahrzeugen zu messen. Die Messung darf nicht durch eingestrahlte Wärme verfälscht werden.There is a desire to control the temperature of the air indoors or in buildings Measure vehicles. The measurement must not be falsified by radiated heat become.
In Anlehnung die bekannte Methode der Respirations-Thermometer wird ein Temperatursensor an derart installiert, daß der Sensor von Strahlungswärme nicht erreicht werden kann. Es besteht eine lufttechnische Verbindung zum Raum, in welchem die Temperatur der Luft zu messen ist. Ein Mini-Gebläse transportiert Luft aus diesem Raum heraus und beströmt mit dieser Luft den Temperatur-Sensor, dessen Meßsignal damit schnell und unbeeinflußt der tatsächlichen Lufttemperatur folgt.Following the well-known method of respiratory thermometer is a Temperature sensor installed in such a way that the sensor does not reach radiant heat can be. There is a ventilation connection to the room in which the Temperature of the air is to be measured. A mini blower transports air from this room out and flows with this air to the temperature sensor, its measurement signal follows the actual air temperature quickly and unaffected.
Die genannten Mini-Gebläse erzeugen - wenn auch minimale - Geräusche.The mini blowers mentioned make noises - albeit minimal ones.
Die Lebensdauer der Mini-Gebläse ist limitiert. Die Kosten für die Anordnung sind hoch.The life of the mini blowers is limited. The cost of the arrangement is high.
Aus diesem Grunde wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, die Schallgeschwindigkeit der Luft als Meßgröße für die Temperatur zu benutzen.For this reason, the speed of sound is proposed according to the invention To use air as a measure of temperature.
Hintergrund ist die Tatsache, daß die Schallgeschwindigkeit in ruhender Luft bei 0°C ca. 314.3 msec beträgt. In der Hauptsache wird die Schallgeschwindigkeit nur von der Temperatur in einer Größenordnung von ca. 0.16% (°C) beeinflußt. Die Luftfeuchte und der atmosphärische Luftdruck üben einen nur geringen Einfluß auf die Schallgeschwindigkeit aus.The background is the fact that the speed of sound in still air at 0 ° C is approximately 314.3 msec. In the main, the speed of sound is determined only by the Temperature affected in the order of about 0.16% (° C). The humidity and the Atmospheric air pressure has only a minor influence on the speed of sound out.
Wenn die Zeit gemessen wird, die ein Schallereignis zum Durcheilen einer konstanten Strecke benötigt, kann daher unschwer auf die Lufttemperatur geschlossen wird.When measuring the time it takes a sound event to pass through a constant Distance required, it can therefore be easily concluded from the air temperature.
Mit der DE 31 08 756 hat Rump 1981 ein Verfahren beschrieben, welches sich diese Tatsache zunutze macht.With DE 31 08 756 Rump 1981 described a process which is known as this Takes advantage of the fact.
Zur Lösung des Eingangs beschrieben Problems schlägt diese Erfindung vor, an zwei festen Punkten in z. B. der Kabine des Fahrzeuges Ultraschall-Wandler (Lautsprecher/ Mikrophone) zu installieren und über eine geeignete Elektronik anzusteuern und die Signale auszuwerten.To solve the problem described in the introduction, this invention proposes two fixed Points in z. B. the cabin of the vehicle ultrasonic transducer (speaker / Microphones) to install and control via suitable electronics and the signals evaluate.
Im Kraftfahrzeug bietet sich an, die vielfach an den sogenannten B-Säulen befindlichen Ultraschall-Einbruchsmeldeanlagen diesbezüglich zu benutzen.In the motor vehicle, there are many that are located on the so-called B-pillars To use ultrasonic intrusion detection systems in this regard.
Zur Auswertung ist es im einfachsten Fall möglich, kurze Schallimpulse von einem der Wandler auszusenden und diese von dem anderen Wandler zu empfangen und die Laufzeit auszuwerten, wie es die Lehre der DE 31 08 756 bereits vorschlägt.In the simplest case, it is possible to evaluate short sound impulses from one of the Send converter and receive it from the other converter and the runtime evaluate, as the teaching of DE 31 08 756 already suggests.
Fig. 1 zeigt das Prinzip. Fig. 1 shows the principle.
Von einer zentralen Steuerung (1.1.) werden Impulspakete elektronisch erzeugt und auf den Sende-Wandler (1.2.) gegeben. Die Laufstrecke (1.3) zum Empfänger-Wandler (1.4) ist konstant. Die zentrale Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit (1.1) stellt die Laufzeit zwischen Senden und Empfangen fest und berechnet aus dieser die Lufttemperatur.Pulse packets are generated electronically by a central controller (1.1.) And sent to the transmitter-converter (1.2.). The running distance ( 1.3 ) to the receiver converter ( 1.4 ) is constant. The central control and evaluation unit ( 1.1 ) determines the transit time between sending and receiving and uses this to calculate the air temperature.
Nachteilig ist, daß die kurzen Ansteuerimpulse akustisch vom menschl. Ohr wie ein Zirpen wahrgenommen werden können. Da die Wandler in der Nähe des Kopfes sitzen, ist dieser Effekt nicht akzeptabel.The disadvantage is that the short drive pulses acoustically from human. Ear like a chirp can be perceived. Since the transducers sit near the head, this is Effect not acceptable.
Aus diesem Grunde schlägt diese Erfindung mehrere Wege vor.For this reason, this invention proposes several ways.
Entsprechend Fig. 2 wird vom Sende-Wandler (2) ein konstantes Signal gesendet, dessen Phasenlage periodisch um 180° umgeschaltet wird. (5), wodurch Impulspakete gleicher Phasenlage entstehen. Empfängerseitig (3) wird dem Wandler (3) ein Phasendiskriminator (4) nachgeschaltet, der den Phasensprung detektiert und der Auswerteeinheit (1) zuführt.According to Fig. 2, the transmitter-converter ( 2 ) sends a constant signal, the phase position of which is periodically switched by 180 °. ( 5 ), resulting in pulse packets of the same phase position. On the receiver side ( 3 ), the converter ( 3 ) is followed by a phase discriminator ( 4 ) which detects the phase jump and feeds it to the evaluation unit ( 1 ).
Wird entsprechend Fig. 3 der Zeitpunkt des Phasenwechsels (1) und der Zeitpunkt des Phasensprunges auf der Empfängerseite (2) übereinandergelegt, kann daraus die Laufzeit (3) und daraus die Temperatur der Luft errechnet werden.If the time of the phase change ( 1 ) and the time of the phase jump on the receiver side ( 2 ) are superimposed according to FIG. 3, the transit time ( 3 ) and the temperature of the air can be calculated therefrom.
In einer weiteren Ausformung wird die Luftstrecke als Verzögerungsleitung begriffen. Bei einer Strecke von z. B. 1.5 m ist die Laufzeit des Schalles 3.18 msek.In a further embodiment, the air gap is understood as a delay line. With a distance of z. B. 1.5 m is the propagation time of the sound 3.18 msec.
Es ist für den Fachmann leicht einzusehen, daß - ähnlich eines Wien-Frequenz-Generators (Wien-Brücke) - eine geschlossene Regelstrecke derart aufgebaut wird, daß aus der laufzeitinduzierten Phasenverschiebung - wobei das vom Sendewandler ausgesandte Signal von z. B. ca. 40 khz lediglich die Funktion eines Trägersignals hat - eine eigene Frequenz generiert wird.It is easy for the person skilled in the art to see that - similar to a Vienna frequency generator (Vienna Bridge) - a closed controlled system is built in such a way that from the delay-induced phase shift - being the signal emitted by the transmitter converter from Z. B. approx. 40 khz only has the function of a carrier signal - its own frequency is generated.
Aus dem Vorgesagten ist klar, daß bei konstanter Wegstrecke lediglich die Lufttemperatur einen Einfluß auf die so generierte Frequenz hat.From what has been said it is clear that with a constant distance, only the air temperature has an influence on the frequency generated in this way.
Um z. B. den Einfluß von Luftströmungen zu minimieren, wird vorgeschlagen, die beiden Schallwandler periodisch umzuschalten, um die Laufrichtung des Schalles innerhalb der Meßstrecke umzukehren.To z. B. to minimize the influence of air currents, it is proposed, the two Switch the transducer periodically to change the direction of the sound within the Reverse measuring section.
Die Genauigkeit der Messung wird verbessert und der Einfluß von z. B. Windströmungen, Vibrationen wird vermindert, wenn dazu eine Mittelwertbildung über zahlreiche Meßperioden erfolgt, weil in der Praxis der Meßwert nicht schneller als die Eingangs erwähnte klassische Methode zur Verfügung zu stehen hat. Eine Anpaßzeit von einigen Sekunden ist daher akzeptabel.The accuracy of the measurement is improved and the influence of z. B. wind currents, Vibrations are reduced if this is done by averaging over numerous measuring periods takes place because in practice the measured value is not faster than the classic mentioned above Method must be available. A fitting time of a few seconds is therefore acceptable.
Claims (2)
- - einer zentralen Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit, z. B. als Mikro-Controller ausgeführt,
- - eines Sende-Schallwandlers mit zugehöriger Ansteuerelektronik
- - einem Empfänger-Schallwandler mit zugehörigem Verstärker,
- - A central control and evaluation unit, e.g. B. executed as a micro-controller,
- - A transmitter sound transducer with associated control electronics
- - a receiver transducer with associated amplifier,
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1999102304 DE19902304A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 | 1999-01-21 | Measurement of air temperature in passenger's compartment of vehicle without influencing radiation heat by using sound propagation time at constant distance as criterion for determining sound speed and thus air temperature |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1999102304 DE19902304A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 | 1999-01-21 | Measurement of air temperature in passenger's compartment of vehicle without influencing radiation heat by using sound propagation time at constant distance as criterion for determining sound speed and thus air temperature |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE19902304A1 true DE19902304A1 (en) | 2000-07-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE1999102304 Withdrawn DE19902304A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 | 1999-01-21 | Measurement of air temperature in passenger's compartment of vehicle without influencing radiation heat by using sound propagation time at constant distance as criterion for determining sound speed and thus air temperature |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE19902304A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004028668A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | T.E.M. Technische Entwicklungen Und Management Gmbh | Air transport and/or preparation systems with catalytically coated air elutriating surfaces entering into contact with the air |
EP1591764A1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-02 | Avaya Technology Corp. | Acoustic-based temperature sensing in telephones |
CN106994972A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-01 | 福特全球技术公司 | Humidity estimate |
-
1999
- 1999-01-21 DE DE1999102304 patent/DE19902304A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004028668A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | T.E.M. Technische Entwicklungen Und Management Gmbh | Air transport and/or preparation systems with catalytically coated air elutriating surfaces entering into contact with the air |
EP1591764A1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-02 | Avaya Technology Corp. | Acoustic-based temperature sensing in telephones |
CN106994972A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-01 | 福特全球技术公司 | Humidity estimate |
GB2547107A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-09 | Ford Global Tech Llc | Humidity estimation |
US9919582B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2018-03-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Humidity estimation |
CN106994972B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2022-02-01 | 福特全球技术公司 | Humidity estimation |
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