DE19822786A1 - Method of fitting support elements with objects for charging frames - Google Patents

Abstract

The support elements are automatically fitted with wire by computer control and in cycles, and then fixed to a charging frame. The support elements on the holder pins of the charging frame protrude equidistantly from the frame-sides and are fastened on. The support elements fitted with plastic or metal objects are exposed to chemical bath treatment. The unit for the process comprises a positioning unit with at least one positioner and transporter, a fitting unit with at least one fitter, and a fixture unit with frame, swivel piece, robot, magazine and slide piece, in series.

Description

The invention relates to a method, a system and devices for automation computer-controlled, clocked assembly of support elements with those to be treated Articles for loading racks.

In galvanic plants it is generally known that to be galvanized or electro Objects to be chemically coated, especially small and medium-sized objects de, on horizontally spaced transverse webs of loading racks to be brought. In this way, the number of items to be treated increased and the bathroom utilization significantly improved. The usual tying of the  objects to be coated are carried out on the crossbars of a loading frame with wire or suitable self-locking plastic clamps. That also belongs Place the objects to be coated on protruding pins or hold them these parts between protruding pins by the crossbars of the loading area place going out to the state of the art. The use of swiveling hooks was also used tried that were rotatably mounted in the crossbars to ensure safe parts transport due to the frequently moving immersion baths and the blow-off stations of a galvanic loading drive to achieve.

The loading racks previously used in the electroplating systems exist usually from a rectangular frame with evenly spaced in between stands horizontal cross bars arranged with evenly spaced Boh stanchions or protruding pins. With the exception of the contact-forming Hanging devices of the loading racks and certain areas of the Boh stanchions in the crossbars or certain areas of the protruding pins of the crossbar ge are the other design elements and areas of the loading racks Rubber or plastic sheathed around an electrolytic, especially cathodic exclusion of metal, alloys or dispersion coatings eat.

These well-known loading racks, the one in vertical suspension pass through individual baths and stations of the electroplating system, enable a Row suspension of the objects to be coated running along the transverse webs de or parts. The objects or parts are usually suspended manually  using cut to length, electrically conductive wires that are in line con clocks with the holes not coated with rubber or plastic or uncoated areas of the pens. The objects to be electroplated, which opening gene or have openings, are made with the help of electrically conductive metal wires te, which can be cut to length and pre-shaped like paper clips or hooks, in compliance with a more or less due to the manual assembly method random chance of movement with corresponding holes in the crossbars connected to the loading racks.

The loading racks equipped with the objects to be coated are in Appropriate baths first cleaned, degreased and chemically reserved delt as well as rinsed, galvanically pretreated and finished or electrochemically pretreated and treated, rinsed and rinsed in between and finally blow dried. There also on the wire contact points of the objects to be coated or parts of the desired metal, alloy or dispersion coating must be deposited with this type of manual fastening, there should be sufficient play between the two items and the attachment points on the crossbars. Au In addition, the treatment baths and / or the objects to be coated moved, so that the wire contact points due to repeated changes in position released, made accessible to the treatment medium and deposition-free wire investment areas can be avoided. Therefore, the objects to be electroplated or parts with the fastening wires under no circumstances form-fitting and / or non-positive with the Cross bars of the loading racks are connected.  

This relatively loose type of fastening for the objects and parts to be coated leads in the electroplating companies when using conventional loading racks and manual assembly during transport through the treatment baths and Blow-off stations generally result in a loss of parts of 0.2 to 0.5%. These parts that are in the treatment baths get lost, cause bath contamination there, too Lead to disruptions in the deposition of the coating layers.

Although the objects to be electroplated are usually higher, under certain circumstances which have only a slightly higher specific density than water, they tend Favored items when immersed in the washing, rinsing and treatment baths through an air film adhering to the objects, to float and can loosen from the wire fasteners. The loss of parts can also be caused by it increased viscosity of the treatment baths and / or due to rising and rising in the baths declining filtration flows are favored. The loss rate is also through other mechanical movements of the loaded loading racks in the bathrooms or during the transport of the loaded loading racks on trolleys negatively influenced.

Loading racks are also used in heat treatment plants. There products to be hardened, tempered or tempered from cast, forged or rolled steel in special cases attached to loading racks, after which, if necessary, in Hardening media heated and finally in water, oil, air or gas con trolls while moving the objects to be treated and / or the cooling media to be cooled to room temperature. Nitriding, carbonitriding or boron nitriding  Ren of specially shaped metallic special materials often demands their bring on loading racks, which are usually in the house after assembly be used. As in electroplating, assembly is done manually.

It is therefore an object of the invention, an automatic, computer-controlled, clocked Process for loading objects or parts to be treated onto trays propose elements for loading racks with which the previously customary, exclusively manual loading of loading racks to be replaced. With the invention automated, computer-controlled, clocked systems for positioning Support elements and objects to be treated in positioning stations to Equipping the support elements with the objects to be treated in assembly sta tion and for attaching the loaded support elements to loading racks in Fortification stations are created. Furthermore, devices according to the invention conditions for the implementation of the automated, computer-controlled, clocked process and are provided for the operation of the system, which the positioning of the stretcher elements and the objects, the loading of the support elements with the objects and accelerate the mounting of the loaded support elements on loading racks and ease. Finally, with the Beschic developed according to the invention kungsgestellen and support elements also the multi-layer fastening of equipped Tragele elements on the loading racks to enable the throughput of che objects to be mixed and then galvanically treated to increase. These objects preferably consist of injection-moldable, solid Plastics, ceramics, glasses or metal alloys.  

This object of the invention is based on the features of the method Claims 1 to 16, which related to the plants for performing the method Nen claims 17 to 21 and the claims related to the devices che 22 to 45 solved. Specifically, claims 22 to 24 relate to Be Schickungsgestagen, the claims 25 to 29 on support elements, the claims 30 to 36 on positioning devices, claims 37 to 39 on Trans port devices, the claims 40 to 42 on placement devices and claims 43 and 45 on fitting devices.

The method for solving the problem is that supporting elements to deal with objects automatically, computer-controlled and clocked overlapping or positioned without overlap and with wire, which may be electrically conductive, under Formation of a wire winding with play to be connected or equipped. As a verb Steel wire, in particular stainless steel wire, or preferably itself come securing plastic clamps with a diameter of at least 0.3 mm to 1.3 mm into consideration. According to a preferred embodiment, steel clips or Coil wire, d. H. steel wire rolled up on a spool. Connecting him follows in particular by stapling with staples or with cut steel wires that pulled off the spool and cut off.

The loaded support elements are automatically, computer controlled and clocked on Load racks attached. The two side rails of the loading racks are made with either evenly spaced short or long locating pins allowed. The single-layer attachment of the assembled support elements is done on Beschik  cage frames with short locating pins and multi-layer mounting on the be shipping racks with long pins. Especially with the multi-layer application of the loaded support elements will increase the throughput significantly treating objects, preferably made of plastics, ceramic materials, Glasses or metal alloys are achieved. The short or long pens the loading racks can be made of plastic or metal alloys, in particular consist of stainless steel alloys. The use of the material depends supplied loading racks according to the type of treatment baths and the type of handling objects. For example, for the multi-layer application of the equipment long support pins on the loading racks made of metal Gations exist, or also, for example, for the single-layer application of the equipped the short support pins on the loading racks on the loading racks Plastic.

The metallic support elements according to the invention consist of steel, copper or Brass alloys, which can be coated with plastic or rubber. After a preferred embodiment, the support elements consist of uncoated stainless steel or titanium alloys. The loading racks are made of steel or copper alloys and can be coated with rubber or plastic. Coated Be Shipping racks are preferred for galvanic bath treatment Layered loading racks are preferred for chemical bath treatment lung used. The latter can be stripped very easily electrochemically.  

The objects to be treated are preferably made of plastics, ceramic materials materials, glasses or metal alloys. The best made of non-metals like plastic Existing items are automatically, computer controlled and clocked Positioning and loading with the help of the support elements initially also automatically table, computer-controlled and clocked in multiple layers on the loading racks that come with long pins are attached. Then, for example, the Objects automatically, computer-controlled, leaving out chemical cleaning and clocked immediately sulfonated, rinsed, activated with palladium, reduced and in the sense pretreatment chemically copper-plated or nickel-plated. After the automatic, computer-controlled and clocked separation of the support elements on the loading unit make with short recording pins, which can be used according to the method of the invention now the chemically pretreated, preferably chemically precoated, in particular Special art objects coated with metals or metal alloys the galvanic badbe is carried out automatically, computer-controlled and clocked layering of chemically pre-coated objects. The counter to be treated Stands made of injection molding, preferably made of magnesium alloys, in particular Aluminum-magnesium alloys are also automatically calculated controlled and clocked positioned and connected to the support elements. The equip Support elements are also automatically, computer-controlled and clocked in multiple layers attached to loading racks with long pins and the chemical Bath treatment supplied. The chemical bath treatment can automatically, calc controlled and clocked cleaning, sensitizing, activating, pre-coating, before preferably include precoating with metals or metal alloys. On the auto matically, computer-controlled and clocked separation of the now with chemical pre  treated items equipped support elements on loading racks with kur zen pins follow the automatic, computer-controlled and clocked galvanic Bath treatment to ensure that the surface of the objects is chemically treated Desired protective layer if necessary in connection with previously galvanically separated layers to apply layers.

To be coated chemically and / or galvanically on the support elements tend objects usually have design-related openings that be are appropriate for the spaced arrangement of corresponding holes and with Boh projections in the support elements. For attaching the items de it is necessary that each support element with respect to the vertical operating position the loading frame with an upper row of holes consisting of evenly spaced stood holes, is equipped for pulling in a wire winding. The Wire winding is automa from a steel clip or a cut steel wire formed table, computer controlled and clocked. There is one on every wire winding delnder, preferably to be coated object threaded. The support elements be are made of flat strips of sheet steel, especially stainless steel or titanium alloys, with a thickness of 1.5 to 3 mm. Go from one long side of a support element equally spaced projections, the equally spaced Boh can have stanchions, in order to optionally pull in wire windings and Ge to be able to hang objects. The projections can have tapered ends have cuts or are omitted in their entirety.  

The suspension device arranged on the upper crossbars of the loading racks lines have electrically conductive contact areas. These areas are uncoated. The support elements can also have uncoated, electrically conductive contact areas exhibit. These are, for example, holes in which the individual Wire windings are drawn in for attaching the objects to be treated.

The invention is preferably applicable to chemical and / or galvanic layering objects that have small to medium dimensions. This counter stands, for example, have a length of 20 to 200 mm, a width of 20 to 150 mm and a height of 1 to 20 mm with which the support elements are fitted and afterwards be attached to the loading racks in one or more layers.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the support elements, the Ge plastic items, automatically, computer-controlled and clocked multi-layer on long Be shipping racks attached and secured as well as a chemical bath treatment be fed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the support elements, the equipped with objects made of plastic or metal, preferably metal alloys automatically after the chemical bath treatment in a multilayer arrangement, computer-controlled and clocked by separating the assembled support elements in one layer on short, plastic pins on the loading racks be inserted and secured. The objects are held over by holding pins  The holding rails of the loading racks go out, additionally secured and electrically operated kept held. With these loading racks, the chemically pretreated Objects are subjected to a galvanic bath treatment.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the support elements are made of Injection molding, preferably of magnesium alloys, in particular of aluminum Magnesium alloys, existing and objects to be treated automatically, computer controlled and clocked. The assembled support elements are for the chemical treatment automatically, computer controlled and clocked in multiple layers on the Loading racks attached with the long pins. According to the chemical Bath treatment, the loaded support elements with the chemically pretreated Individual items on other loading racks with short pick-up pins and the galvanic bath treatment for the purpose of depositing the top or protective layer including any intermediate layers. In this case, both the long as well as the short locating pins of the metal alloy loading racks stations, in particular made of stainless steel alloys.

The system according to the invention comprises at least one positioning station 100 , in which at least one support element and a predetermined number of objects are positioned automatically, computer-controlled and clocked overlapping or overlap-free, furthermore at least one loading station 101 in which the positioned support elements and objects are formed together a wire winding can be connected with play, and at least one fastening station 102 , in which the supporting elements equipped with the objects are brought to the provided loading racks. Because of the logistically optimal arrangements, the concept of the individual systems according to the invention also ensures semi-automatic continuous operation, for example in the event of a fault in a robotic device.

The inventive devices for performing the method and for loading drive the system according to the invention include loading racks and on bringable, removable and transportable carrying elements. Furthermore belong to the invention positioning devices for support elements and objects, further horizontally movable and / or pivotable transport devices for the Posi tionation devices, placement device for loading the support elements with the objects positioned thereon, as well as fitting devices for fastening the equipped support elements on the loading racks.

The required magazine devices for the provision and donation of the support elements and the objects to be loaded are shaft or channel-shaped and with Spring or piston drive equipped. Robotic devices, d. H. Handling, Manipu lator or robot devices with up to six articulated axes Pneumatic suction, gripping and / or moving devices the occupancy and posi the support elements and the objects to be fitted in the positions tion devices, the removal of the loaded support elements from the position devices and transporting and fastening the loaded stretcher elements on the loading racks. These devices and facilities are shown only schematically in the drawing.  

The invention is explained in more detail in terms of process and plant technology and in terms of device in the drawings according to FIGS . 1 to 26.

Fig. 1a shows the front or back view of a conventional, with opposing loading rack.

Fig. 1b shows the side view of a conventional, loaded with items loading rack.

Fig. 1c shows the top view of a conventional loading equipment loaded with items.

Fig. 2a shows the front view of the frame of a loading frame according to the invention for the galvanic and / or chemical coating of objects.

Fig. 2b shows the side view of the loading frame according to Fig. 2a for electroplating African objects.

Fig. 2c shows the top view of the loading frame according to Fig. 2a for the electroplating of objects.

Fig. 2d shows a side view of the charging stand of FIG. 2a for the chemi cal coating objects.

FIG. 2e shows the top view of the loading frame according to FIG. 2a for the chemical coating of objects.

Fig. 3a shows the front view of a support member according to the invention a feed rack for the galvanic coating of objects.

FIG. 3b shows the top view of the support element of the invention according to FIG. 3a for the galvanic coating of articles.

Fig. 3c shows the side view of the support element of the invention of Fig. 3a and 3b for the galvanic coating of articles.

Fig. 3d shows the front view of an embodiment of the wearing element according to FIGS . 3a to 3c for the galvanic coating of objects.

FIG. 3e shows the top view of the support element according to FIG. 3d for the galvanic coating of objects.

Fig. 3f shows the side view of the support element of the invention according to FIG. 3d for the galvanic coating of articles.

FIG. 4a shows the plan view of a positioning device according to the invention, in which a support element and to arrange the three items are to be fastened. .

Fig. 4b shows the sectional view AA of the Positionierungsvor direction according to the invention with the underlying support element.

Fig. 4c shows the sectional view BB of the Positionierungsvor direction according to the invention with the underlying support element.

Fig. 4d shows the sectional view CC of the Positionierungsvor direction according to the invention with the underlying support element.

Fig. 4e shows the sectional view AA of the Positionierungsvor direction according to the invention with the overhead support element.

Fig. 4f shows the sectional view BB of the Positionierungsvor direction according to the invention with overhead support element.

Fig. 4g shows the sectional view CC of the Positionierungsvor direction according to the invention with overhead support element.

Fig. 5a shows a schematic sectional view of mounting to the invention of the overlying supporting element with the underlying objects by means of clamps in the starting position.

Fig. 5b shows a schematic sectional view of the loading overhead support member with the underlying objects by means of brackets in an intermediate position according to the invention.

Fig. 5c shows a schematic sectional view of equipping the overhead support element with the underlying objects according to the invention by means of clips in the end position.

FIG. 6a mounting according to the invention shows in a schematic sectional representation of the underlying support member with the overhead objects by means of coil wire in the starting position.

Fig. 6b shows a schematic sectional view of loading of the underlying support member with the overhead objects by means of coil wire in an intermediate position according to the invention.

Fig. 6c shows a schematic sectional view of the inventive loading of the underlying support element with the overhead objects by means of coil wire in the end position.

Fig. 7a shows the front view of a feeding rack, are mounted on the three stocked, each having four objects by means of brackets supporting elements.

Fig. 7b shows the side view of the loading frame according to Fig. 7a, with appropriately equipped support elements are attached to the front and back.

FIG. 7c shows the top view of the loading frame according to FIG. 7a, with correspondingly equipped supporting elements being fastened on the front and back.

Fig. 8a shows the front view of a support element with laterally notched spacers for chemically treated objects.

Fig. 8b shows the top view of the support element with laterally notched spacers according to Fig. 8a for chemically treated objects.

Fig. 8c shows the side view of the support element with laterally notched spacers according to Fig. 8a for chemically treated objects.

FIG. 9a shows the front view of a loading rack for the chemical treatment of the objects de stocked with the carrying elements according to FIG. 8a.

FIG. 9b shows the side view of a loading rack for the chemical treatment of the objects de stocked with the support elements shown in FIG. 8a.

FIG. 9c shows the top view of a loading rack for the chemical treatment of the articles, which is loaded several times with the carrying elements according to FIG. 8a.

Fig. 10a shows a partial front view of a feed frame with integral cross members, which are provided with holding pins.

Fig. 10b shows the top view of the loading frame according to Fig. 9a with integrated cross bars, which are provided with retaining pins.

FIG. 10c shows a partial side view of a loading frame according to FIG. 9a with integrated cross bars which are provided with retaining pins.

FIG. 11a shows the top view of another tung Positionierungsvorrich according to the invention, in which the support element according spaced Figs. 8a to 8c and to be attached thereto articles are next to one another.

Fig. 11b shows a sectional view AA showing the positioning device in accordance with Fig. 11a.

Fig. 11c shows a sectional view BB shows the positioning device of Fig. 11a.

FIG. 11d shows the sectional illustration CC of the positioning device according to FIG. 11a.

FIG. 12a equipping of the support element according to the invention shows the Figure invention. 8a to 8c positioned side by side with the spaced, Gegenstän to be treated in the positioning device shown in FIGS. 11a to 11d by means of clamps in the starting position.

Fig. 12b shows mounting of the supporting element according to the invention according to FIGS. 8A to 8C with the spaced positioned side by side, Gegenstän to be treated in the positioning device shown in FIGS. 11a to 11d by means of clamps in an intermediate position.

Fig. 12c equipping of the support element according to the invention shows the Figure invention. 8a to 8c positioned side by side with the spaced, Gegenstän to be treated in the positioning device shown in FIGS. 11a to 11d by means of clamps in the final position.

FIG. 13a equipping of the support element according to the invention shows the Figure invention. 8a to 8c positioned side by side with the spaced, Gegenstän to be treated in the positioning device shown in FIGS. 11a to 11d by means of wire coils in the starting position.

Fig. 13b shows mounting of the supporting element according to the invention according to FIGS. 8A to 8C with the spaced positioned side by side, Gegenstän to be treated in the positioning device shown in FIGS. 11a to 11d by means of wire coils in an intermediate position.

Fig. 13c equipping of the support element according to the invention shows the Figure invention. 8a to 8c positioned side by side with the spaced, Gegenstän to be treated in the positioning device shown in FIGS. 11a to 11d by means of wire coils in the end position.

Fig. 14 shows the front view of a loading frame with a supporting element according to FIGS . 8a to 8c, which is equipped with objects that have window openings.

Fig. 15 shows a front view of a loading frame with integrated Halthol men and paired retaining pins according to FIGS . 10a to 10c, on which a support element is attached, which is equipped with objects having window openings be.

FIG. 16a shows the plan view of an inventive device for fitting holding pins, which are disposed on retaining bars by feeding racks, in Fen steröffnungen of objects shown in FIGS. 14 and 15.

FIG. 16b shows the front view of the device according to FIG. 16a.

Fig. 16c shows a side view of the device shown in FIGS. 16a and 16b.

Fig. 16d shows the longitudinal section DD of the device shown in FIGS. 16a to 16c in the starting position.

FIG. 16e shows the longitudinal section DD of the device shown in FIGS. 16a to 16c according to decreasing distance by counter-rotating displacement of the two sliding parts of the device.

FIG. 17a shows the top view of the charging stand of FIG. 15 in the off-gear position, the apparatus th shown in FIGS. 16a to 16e on the Haltestif hook.

Fig. 17b shows the top view of the loading frame according to FIG. 15 in an inter mediate position, whereby by moving the two sliding parts of the device according to FIGS . 16a to 16e in opposite directions, the distance between the paired holding pins is shortened and the insertion of the holding pins into the Window openings of the objects to be treated is made possible synchronously.

FIG. 17c shows the top view of the loading frame according to FIG. 15 in the end position with the holding pins inserted through the window openings of the objects to be treated.

FIG. 18a shows a partial side view of the loading frame according to FIG. 15 in a vertical position and in a position pivoted forward by an angle α, the device according to FIGS. 16a to 16e being placed on the holding pins in the pivoting position.

FIG. 18b shows the partial side view of the loading frame according to FIG. 15 in a swiveled-back, vertical position, the retaining pins being inserted through the respective window opening of the object to be treated after the two sliding parts of the device according to FIGS. 16a to 16e have been moved in opposite directions, and the foot part of the loading frame is held in a swivel device.

Fig. 19 shows a system according to the invention arranged at right angles for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of a support element with objects for a loading frame.

Fig. 20 shows a system according to the invention arranged in a row for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of a support element with objects for a loading frame.

Fig. 21 shows a rectangular arrangement according to the invention for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of a support element with objects for a loading frame.

Fig. 22 shows a circular system according to the invention for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of a support element with objects for a loading frame.

FIG. 23a shows the front view of a transport device according to the invention for the positioning device according to Fig. 4a to 4g and 11a to 11d.

FIG. 23b shows the side view of the transport device according to FIG. 23a.

Fig. 23c shows the top view of the transport device shown in FIGS. 23a and 23b.

Fig. 24 shows a loading device according to the invention using brackets for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of a Tragele element with objects for a loading rack.

Fig. 25 shows an assembly device according to the invention using coil wire for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of a support element with objects for a loading rack.

FIG. 26 shows a damping portal according to the invention for the placement devices according to FIGS. 24 and 25.

FIG. 1a to 1c show a conventional, rectangular-shaped loading frame 1, the frame 2 consists of an upper and lower transverse bar 3, 4 with the end composites NEN side members 5, 6 and between spaced-apart and with the sides of rails 5, 6 connected as a stable unit supporting bars 7 , on which the objects to be coated 8 are manually fixed by means of a wire. The fastening supply of the items 8 to the support bars 7 is possible in that the support bars 7 have evenly spaced bores 9 and the items 8 assignable, con constructional openings 9 a. These loading racks 1 are not suitable for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading. The upper cross bar 3 is equipped with at least one, not shown in detail suspension and contact device.

In FIGS. 2a to 2e independently developed a feed frame 10 is Darge provides. The loading frame 10 according to the invention also consists of a rectangular, circumferential metal frame 11 , which is coated with plastic or rubber, with an upper and lower cross member 12 , 13 , a suspension and contact device 16 , not shown, being provided on the upper cross member 12 . The cross bars 12 , 13 are each firmly connected at the end to side bars 14 , 15 . The side bars 14 , 15 have short receiving pins 17 or long receiving pins 18 that are evenly spaced along their length on the receiving side. The short locating pins 17 are intended for the single-layer fastening of each of a loaded support element 30 with the main part 31 and the long locating pins 18 for the multi-layer fastening of a predetermined number of equipped support elements 30 with the main part 31 . The free ends 19 of the receiving pins 17 , 18 are equipped with automatically locking and automatically releasable fuses 20 . Because of the structural design of the support elements 30 with the main part 31 , reference is made to the following FIGS . 3a to 3f and 8a to 8c. At the mounting pins 17 , 18 fuses 20 are seen at the end, which are designed, for example, as drive-over folding levers or rollers or plastic hose sections. According to a preferred embodiment, both the short and the long locating pins 17 , 18 can be made of plastic or metal alloys. According to a further preferred embodiment, the loading racks 10 can consist of high-strength, warp-resistant, acid and alkali-resistant plastics which, when used in galvanic baths, are equipped with integrated, electrically conductive contact points emerging on the surfaces.

FIGS. 3a to 3c show an embodiment of the invention for a Tragele element 30 which automatically with the objects to be treated 8, a computer-controlled, equipped clocked and 10 will be solidifies on the receiving pins 17, 18 of the feed frame. The support member 30 is flat. The support member 30 comprises a narrow, the length of an upper or lower cross member 12 , 13 of the Beschickungsge stells 10 corresponding main part 31st From a long side of the main part 31 can evenly spaced, with the support member 30 forming a spatial unit before jumps 32 which serve to equip the support member 30 with Ge to be treated objects 8 . In the area of the two free ends of the main part 31 of the Tragele element 30 holes 33 are provided, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the locating pins 17 , 18 of the loading frame 10 . On the center line of the projections 32 , which are perpendicular to the center line of the main part 31 , holes 34 , 35 , 36 are provided at a uniform distance according to FIGS . 3a to 3c, or holes 34 , 36 are provided at a uniform distance according to FIGS. 3d to 3f. The bores 34 lie on the center line of the main part 31 and the bores 35 , 36 in the projections 32 are spaced apart parallel thereto. These support elements 30, which are designed with projections 32 , are automatically, computer-controlled and clocked, preferably equipped with objects 8 to be galvanically treated. The thus carrying Tragelemen te 30 are plugged onto the short mounting pins 17 of the loading frame 10 and secured with the fuses 20 against falling during the bath and dry treatment. The support elements 30 , which are equipped with chemically pretreated and subsequently to be electroplated objects 8 , are also attached and secured in one layer on the short receiving pins 17 of the loading frame 10 .

FIGS. 3d to 3f show a further embodiment according to the invention for a support element 30 , which is also suitable for equipping objects 8 to be electrochemically coated. The support member 30 has on the center line of the main part 31 lying, between the bores 33 , 34 evenly spaced, out latched spacers 37 . The projections 32 also have a conical end section 38 . The loaded support elements 30 are preferably attached in multiple layers to the long locating pins 18 of the loading frame 10 . The standoff 37 prevent multi-layer fastening of the loaded support elements 30 on the loading frame 10 a point to surface contact of the objects 8 during electrochemical coating.

The projections 32 are partially in the case of the galvanic treatment of the objects 8 , preferably at the ends, uncoated and serve as electrically conductive contact areas.

FIGS. 4a to 4g relate to a positioning device according to the invention 40 in which an accommodation space 41 a of which are spaced predetermined number of receiving spaces 42 incorporated therein for objects to be deposited therein to be deposited 8 for the support member 30 and. The receiving space 41 for the supporting element 30 has the necessary accesses to the receiving spaces 42 for the objects 8 via connecting grooves 43 , which correspond to the arrangement of the projections 32 of the main part 31 of the supporting element 30 . The positioning device 40 is based on a flat, cuboid body made of an aluminum alloy. The receiving spaces 41 , 42 and the connecting grooves 43 are incorporated in the body. In the bottom region of the Verbindungsnu th 43 , a hard metal body 44 having a longitudinal groove 45 is used. The hard metal body 44 extend beyond the bottom region of the connecting grooves 43 into the bottom region of the main part 31 of the support element 30 and into the bottom regions of the respective receiving spaces 42 . According to the sectional representations according to FIGS. 4b to 4d, the receiving space 41 for the support element 30 is lower than the receiving spaces 42 for the objects 8 in order to achieve an overlapping positioning of the support element 30 with the objects 8 lying on top. According to the sectional views according to FIGS. 4e to 4g, the receiving spaces 42 for the objects 8 are lower than the receiving space 41 for the supporting element 30 , in order also to achieve an overlapping positioning of the supporting element 30 with the opposing stands 8 below. The receiving spaces 41 , 42 and the connecting grooves 43 are dimensioned slightly larger with little play than the elements 30 and objects 8 to be positioned therein.

According to the method according to the invention, in a first method step the support element 30 is positioned automatically, computer-controlled and clocked in the receiving space 41 and the objects 8 in the receiving spaces 42 of the positioning device 40 by means of a robotic device 70 . Then, with a Tragele, element 30 and the articles 8 stocked positioning device 40 which is mounted on a transport device 50 also automatically computer-controlled and getak tet means of the transport device 50 to a mounting apparatus 80 shown in FIGS. 23a to 23c as well as 24 and 25 emotional.

In FIGS. 5a to 5c of the mounting operation for an overhead support member 30 and underlying objects 8 in mounting apparatus 80 is shown in FIGS. 24, 25. After the automatic, computer-controlled and clocked positioning of a support element 30 and a predetermined number of objects 8 to be equipped in the receiving spaces 41 , 42 of the positioning device 40 , the positioning device mounted on a transport device 50 according to FIGS. 23a to 23c is used in a second method step 40 moved automatically, computer controlled and clocked to the loading device 80 . There, the wearing element 30 is connected by means of metallic U-shaped brackets 61 to the objects 8 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked. The two free ends are in a first Ar beitstakt according to Fig. 5a of Klam mer 61 of the support element gescho 62 of the two legs 63 at the same time through the bore 34 of the support member 30 and through the opening 9 of object 8 and the bore 36. 30 in the direction of arrow ben. According to FIG. 5 b, the free ends 62 of the clamp 61 reach the groove 45 of the hard metal body 44 in a second work cycle. In a third work cycle according to FIG. 5c, the free ends 62 of the clamp 61 are deflected in opposite directions until an open wire winding 68 is formed , which can overlap if necessary. The length of the legs 63 of the bracket 61 is dimensioned such that such a wire winding 68 with sufficient movement play between the support element 30 and the individual object 8 is formed. In this loading device 80 , the objects 8 are attached to the support elements 30 by means of clips 61 according to the Tackerme method according to the invention.

In Figs. 6a to 6c a further embodiment is the mounting operation for an underlying supporting element 30 and overhead objects 8 in Bestückungsvor devices 80 shown in FIGS. 24 and shown 25th After the automatic, computer-controlled and clocked positioning of a support element 30 and a predetermined number of objects 8 to be equipped in the receiving spaces 41 , 42 of the positioning device 40 as the first method step, the positioning device 40 mounted on a transport device 50 becomes automatic in a second method step , computer-controlled and clocked to the loading device 80 according to FIGS. 24 and 25. There, the support element 30 is connected to the objects 8 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked by means of a metallic coil wire 64 . Here, 6a of the coil wire 64 is pushed, the free end 65 through the opening 9 of object 8 and the bore 36 of the support member 30 in the arrow direction in a first operating cycle according to FIG.. In a second work cycle of Fig. 6b reaches the free end 65 of the coil wire 64 in the groove 45 of the Hartmetallkör pers 44, therein is deflected twice and passed through the bore 34 of the support member 30. At the same time a Umlenkeinrich device 66 is moved over the exit region of the bore 34 and thereby slightly lowered. According to Fig. 6c beitstakt in a third Ar by further lowering the deflection device 66 emerging from the bore 34 of the support member 30 end 65 of the coil wire 64 in the direction of the object 8 Ge bent back. In synchronism with this, the coil wire 64 entering the opening 9 of the object 8 is grasped by a gripping and cutting device 67 and moved in the opposite direction in the direction of the free end 65 of the coil wire 64 . After formation of an open wire winding 68 , which may overlap, the coil wire 64 is cut off. The cut to length of the coil wire 64 to form a wire winding 68 is dimensioned such that there is sufficient freedom of movement between the support element 30 and the individual objects 8 .

The bores 34 in the main part 31 of the support element 30 or the bores 35 of the projections 32 form the upper suspension points for the objects 8 . The bores 36 of the projections 32 form the lower suspension points for the objects 8 . Each object 8 , which has a design-related opening 9 , is connected via a wire winding 68 , which is guided through the opening 9 of the object 8 and the bores 34 , 36 or the bores 35 , 36 of the support element 30 , with the support element 30 .

In FIGS. 7a to 7c is a two-sided mounting of loaded support members 30 is shown on a feed frame 10 with short locating pins 17 in the free ends of fuses 20 are designed as driven over rollers. In this case, the loading frame 10 is intended because of the equipment with short locating pins 17 for the single-layer, preferably double-sided fastening of supporting elements 30 equipped with objects 8 to be treated galvanically.

Comprising Figs. 8A to 8C include a supporting element 30, which consists exclusively of the main part 31, so no projections 32. The main part 31 of the support element 30 has notched spacers 37 located on the center line of the main part 31 , evenly spaced between the bores 33 and 34 . The support ELEMENTS 30 are fitted in the mounting apparatus 80 shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 without overlapping with the objects 8 by means of clamps 61 or coil wire 64 accelerator as FIGS. 12a to 12c and 13a to 13c.

According to FIGS. 9a to 9c, the loaded support elements 30 , which consist exclusively of the main part 31 and have notched spacers 37 , are arranged on a loading rack 10 , which is equipped with long receiving pins 18 , in multiple layers, preferably in two layers. The spacers 37 of the support member 30 ensure that the objects 8 to be chemically coated can be arranged in multiple layers without contact on the long locating pins 18 .

This embodiment has the surprising advantage that the best existing plastic objects 8 , which first pre-treat before electroplating, preferably to sensitize, in particular to be pre-coated with tin, can be arranged in large quantities on a loading rack 10 . After the chemical pretreatment, robotic devices 70 are used to separate the loaded support elements 30 onto loading racks 10 according to FIGS. 7a to 7c or 14 to 18b, in order then to be supplied to the galvanic bath treatment.

FIGS. 10a to 10c show a developed for the separation of the loaded support elements 30 feed frame 10 which is equipped with inte in the rectangular frame 11 grated holding bars 21st From the support bars 21 are orthogonal and paired, resilient retaining pins 22 , 23 from which have electrically conductive con contact areas. The objects 8 to be electroplated have, for example, window-shaped engagement openings or other engagement points 24 , into which the retaining pins 22 , 23 are inserted under tension.

FIGS. 11a to 11d, a positioning device 40 is provided, in which a receiving space 41, for therein to be deposited, consisting exclusively of the main part 31 of support member 30 shown in FIG. 8a to 8c and a predetermined number of receiving spaces 42 to be deposited therein items 8 lying on the same level, are incorporated. The receiving space 41 for the support member 30 has connec tion grooves 43 , with which the necessary access to the receiving spaces 42 for the objects 8 are created. In each floor of the connecting grooves 43 , a hard metal body 44 is inserted, which extends from the receiving space 41 into the respective receiving space 42 and has a longitudinal groove 45 . In addition, recesses 46 are provided in the main part 31 of the support element 30, lying on the center line thereof, essentially evenly spaced between the hard metal bodies 44 , into which the spacers 37 of the support element 30 consisting only of the main part 31 fit.

In FIGS. 12a to 12c of the mounting operation according to the invention Tackermethode on a support member 30 and a predetermined number of objects lying on moving chem level 8 in mounting apparatus 80 is shown in FIGS. 24 and shown 25th After the first process step, which comprises the automatic, computer-controlled and clocked positioning of only the main part 31 , the support element 30 and a predetermined number of objects 8 to be fitted thereon in the receiving spaces 41 , 42 of the positioning device 40 , is in a second process step the mounted on a transport device 50 automatically positioning device 40, computer controlled and timed to be stückungsvorrichtung 80 moves. There, the support element 30 is connected to the objects 8 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked by means of clamps 61 with the formation of a wire loop 68 with play. According to the sectional representations according to FIGS. 12a to 12c, the support element 30 , which consists only of the main part 31, is arranged at a uniform distance from the objects 8 .

FIGS. 13a to 13c show the non-overlapping placement of the support member 30 with the spaced apart at the same level side articles 8 wire by coils 64 similar to the description for Figs. 6a to 6c.

In Fig. 14 is an inventive, only consisting of a frame 11 Beschic kungsrahmen 10 shown in front view, on the assembled support elements 30 in the Sin ne of Fig. 9a to 9c multilayer, preferably multilayer, plugged into long on 18 long pins and secured . According to this embodiment, the loading frame 10 does not have a lower cross member 13 , so that the frame 11 is finally U-shaped. This loading rack 10 is preferably used for chemical, cleaning, sensitizing and / or metallizing pretreatment of the articles 8 . This loading frame 10 with the U-shaped frame men 11 ensures with multi-layer fastening of the loaded support elements 30 that the lowest, multi-layer arrangement of the loaded support elements 30 with the Seitenhol men 14 , 15 of the frame 11 does not come into contact during the chemical bath treatment. From the drawing, it can also be seen that the objects to be coated 8 have window-shaped engagement openings or other engagement points 24 .

Fig. 15 shows the feed frame 10 used in the separation of the loaded support elements 30 in the sense of Fig. 14, at the height of the window-like engagement apertures or other points of engagement 24 with retaining bars 21, the retaining pins 22, 23, in particular arranged in pairs, the holding pins 22 23 , is equipped. This embodiment for loading racks 10 is primarily used in the subsequent galvanic final treatment. In this case, the holding pins 22 , 23 are inserted under mechanical pretension into the window-shaped engagement openings or at their engagement points 24 of the objects 8 in order to ensure their non-contact bath treatment. The holding pins 22 , 23 are electrically conductive, preferably electrically conductive at the ends, and thus ensure the contact for the final galvanic coating of the chemically precoated objects 8 .

FIGS. 16a to 16c refer to a fitting device 72 as an auxiliary tool for a match of the paired support pins 22, 23 of a support beam 21 in the window-like engagement apertures or other engagement points 24 of the items 8 according to Fig. 15. The fitting device 72 comprises a first shift member 73 , which is equipped with vertically protruding, evenly spaced pegs 75 , each with elongated holes 77 arranged centrally therebetween, and a second sliding part 74 , which is also equipped with vertically protruding, evenly spaced pegs 76 , which extends through the elongated holes 77 to the height the pin 75 of the first sliding part 73 are guided flush. To prevent the two sliding parts 73 , 74 from falling apart during the fitting process, the first sliding part 73 and the second sliding part 74 are supported in at least one guide 72 a, preferably in a plurality of guides 72 a arranged uniformly spaced apart over the length of the fitting device 72 . According to the illustrated embodiment, the guides 72 a are connected to the two-th sliding part 74 for this purpose. Each guide 72 a completely or partially surrounds the first sliding part 73 . The guide 72 a can also be connected to the first sliding part 73 and then completely or partially surrounds the second sliding part 74 .

FIG. 16d shows the fitting device 72 in the extended state. From the sectional view of this starting position it can be seen that the pin 76 of the second sliding part 74 on the right side at the slot 77 of the first sliding part 73 is flush against.

FIG. 16e shows the fitting device 72 in the collapsed condition. From the sectional view of this fitting position it can be seen that the pin 76 of the second sliding part 74 on the left side of the slot 77 of the first sliding part 73 is flush.

FIG. 17a, each shown in plan view to 17c, and Figs, respectively shown in side view. 18a and 18h, illustrating the fitting operation for the einlagi ge equipping a feed rack 10, arranged with retaining uprights 21 and attached thereon holding pins 22, provided 23 is. FIG. 17a shows the initial state, Fig. 17b, the limited mutual pushing the resilient locking pins 22, 23 by means of the fitting device 72, and Fig. 17c the final state after engagement of the support pins 22, set in the window-like engagement apertures or other engagement 23 24 of the Items 8 .

According to the embodiment according to FIG. 18a, left-hand representation, the Ge objects 8 lie on the mounting pins 30 on the mounting pins 17 of the loading frame 10, thanks to the freedom of movement created with the wire windings 68 according to the positioning and fitting technology according to the invention, to move the objects 8 at an angle the free ends of the holding pins 22 , 23 of the holding bars 21. The loading frame 10 is then moved forward by an angle α to facilitate the insertion of the holding pins 22 , 23 into the window-shaped engagement openings or other engagement points 24 of the objects 8 . The counter states 8 remove from the free ends of the holding pins 22 , 23rd The fitting device 72 is now in the extended state with the pin 75 , 76 facing down with the help of a ro botik device 70 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked on the pair of holding pins 22 , 23 arranged . The pins 75 , 76 are positioned on the outer sides of the holding pins 22 , 23 . By mutual displacement of the two sliding parts 73 , 74 with the help of the robot device 70 , the resilient holding pins 22 , 23 are pressed together so far that they snap into the window-shaped engagement openings or other engagement points 24 of the objects 8 . In this way, the objects 8 are held flexibly, as shown in FIG. 17c. Then the fitting device 72 is removed with the aid of the robotic device 70 and the loading frame 10 is pivoted back into the vertical starting position and the next loaded element 30 is carried out by repeating this process on the loading frame 10 .

According to FIG. 18b, the feed foot side frame 10 is U-shaped in a housing 78 a of a swivel device 78 is set for this purpose. The Beschickungsge stell 10 is equipped with a U-shaped receptacle 78 a arranged pivot axis 79 . The holding spars 21 of the loading frame 10 wear orthogonally because of protruding, in accordance with the illustrated embodiment, arranged in pairs holding pins 22 , 23 , which are slightly angled at the end to support the holding effect for the objects 8 .

Fig. 19 shows an embodiment for an automatic, computer-controlled and clocked system, in each of which a positioning, assembly and mounting station 100 , 101 , 102 is arranged at right angles. The positioning station 100 comprises at least one positioning device 40 according to FIGS. 4a to 4g and 11a to 11d, at least one transport device 50 according to FIGS. 23a to 23c, and at least one robotics device 70, not shown in any more detail. The Robotikvor device 70 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked from the adjacent arranged magazine devices 90 the respective support element 30 to be positioned and the matching, also to be positioned objects 8 according to FIGS. 7a to 7c, 9a to 9c, 14 and 15, and positioned the support elements 30 and objects 8 in the corresponding receiving spaces 41 , 42 of the positioning device 40 . A transport device 50 according to FIGS. 23a to 23c moves the positioning device 40 into the work area of the adjacent loading station 101 . The assembly station 101 comprises an assembly device 80 in which the support element 30 with the objects 8 is automatically, computer-controlled and clocked by means of clamps 61 or coil wire 64 , forming a wire winding 68 according to FIGS. 5a to 5c, 6a to 6c, 12a to 12c and 13a to 13c is connected. With the help of the transport device 50 , the positioning device 40 is moved back to the positioning station 100 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked. The robotic device 70 arranged in the area of the positioning station 100 automatically, computer-controlled and clocked empties the support element 30 equipped with objects 8 and fastens the equipped support element 30 to the corresponding receiving pins 17 , 18 of a loading frame 10 according to FIGS. 2a to 2e, 7a to 7c , 9a to 9c, 10a to 10c, 14 and 15. Because of the structurally different support elements 30 to be used, reference is made to FIGS . 3a to 3f and 8a to 8c. The robotic device 70 is not shown or described in any more detail, but is in any case equipped with at least one six-axis articulated device in order to be able to operate the positioning device 40 , the magazine devices 90 and the loading racks 10 . The robotics device 70 takes the removal of the loaded support elements 30 from the positioning device 40 , the fastening of the loaded support elements 30 to the loading racks 10 and the repositioning of a support element 30 and the predetermined number of objects 8 in the positioning device 40 . For this purpose, the positioning device 40 , the loading device 80 , the swiveling device 79 for the loading racks 10 and the robotic device 70 with electrical and / or pneumatic drives, with suction and / or gripping devices and with electronic control and regulation devices are networked. In addition, the fuzzy logic system is used as part of the electronic equipment in order to achieve a reliable automatic, computer-controlled and clocked mode of operation. This system is equipped with mechanical, electrical and electronic auxiliary devices.

In Fig. 20 a further embodiment of the system according to the invention is shown in a row arrangement, which comprises two positioning stations 100 and an assembly station 101 arranged therebetween with at least one fastening station 102 arranged next to it. One robot device 70 is arranged adjacent to a positioning station 100 and at least one fastening station 102 . The magazine devices 90 are also arranged in the action area of the robotics devices 70 . This system allows automatic, computer-controlled and clocked alternating positioning, loading and fastening of support elements 30 and Ge objects 8th This system is similar to the system shown in FIG. 19 equipped with mechanical, electrical and electronic auxiliary devices.

In Fig. 21 a further embodiment of the system according to the invention is shown in a rectangular shape, in which eight positioning devices 40 run on a rectangular path two positioning stations 100 , which also act as fastening stations 102 and are equipped with robotics devices 70 . The placement station 101 with a placement device 80 is located in the center of the rectangular arrangement. In the action area of each robotic device 70 contains the magazine means 90 and the fixing station 102 with the corresponding feed frame 10 which is directed in a constructive assembly according to the depending support member weils used thirtieth Similar to the systems according to FIGS. 19 and 20, this system is also equipped with mechanical, electrical and electronic auxiliary devices.

In Fig. 22 a further embodiment of the system according to the invention is shown in Kreisan order. In the area of the outer circumference, four robotic devices 70 as well as four magazine devices 90 and four fastening stations 102 each are provided with loading racks 10 matched to the supporting elements 30 and objects 8 used . In the drawing, however, only two Robotikvorrich lines 70 with magazine devices 90 and mounting stations 102 are shown. Since too concentric, lying on an inner circle, eight evenly positioned positioning stations 100 with appropriate positioning devices 40 are provided. The assembly station 101 with the assembly device 80 is located in the center of this system. Each positioning device 40 is arranged on a Transportvorrich device 50 , with the circumferential automatic, computer-controlled and clocked, the loaded positioning devices 40 are moved into the action area of the assembly device 80 to connect the support element 30 with the objects 8, each forming a wire winding 68 there . Similar to the systems according to FIGS. 19 to 21, this system is also equipped with mechanical, electrical and electronic auxiliary devices.

In FIGS. 23a to 23c has a rectangular transport apparatus 50 is illustrated which tung a rectangular receiving plate 52 for receiving the Positionierungsvorrich 40 has. The receiving plate 52 has two guide tabs 53 with bores 54, spaced apart in parallel on the underside. A rail 55 is guided through the bores 54 of the two parallel spaced guide plates 53 . The rails 55 are connected at the ends to a support 56 , which in turn is supported on rectangularly arranged connecting bars 57 . A thrust piston drive 51 is arranged in the middle between the two rails 55 via a support 56 on a projection 59 which starts from one side of the connecting bars. The connecting bars 57 are connected to the floor 60 via supports 58 . On the rails 55 , the positioning device 40 , in the receiving spaces 41 , 42 of the support element 30 and the objects 8 are located, is moved with the aid of the extendable piston rod 61 to the working area of the mounting device 80 of the mounting station 101 . After the connec of the support member 30 with the objects 8 each with formation of a wire winding 68 , which allows sufficient freedom of movement for the support member 30 and the objects 8 , the mounting device 80 with the loaded support element 30 by means of the retracting piston rod 61 of the Thrust piston drive 51 moved back into the starting position of the positioning station 100 . This Transportvor direction 50 is preferably used in the system in a circular arrangement according to FIG. 22, wherein each positioning device 40 is connected to such a transport device 50 .

According to a further embodiment, not shown in the drawing, the thrust piston drive 51 is provided transport device 50 starting from the center of the loading station 101 , automatically, computer-controlled and clocked to the individual positioning devices 40 of the positioning stations 100 pivotably arranged. Once the pivotable transport apparatus 50 processing at the Positionierungsvorrich docks 40, the positioning device is automatically coupled to the transport device 50 40, in the action region of the mounting device 80 of the loading stückungsstation 101 moves back and forth after the mounting of the support members 30 with the objects 8 in the positioning station 100 .

In Fig. 24, the mounting apparatus according to the invention 80 is shown that 30 refers to the connection of the support element with the objects 8 by means of clamps 61 shown in FIGS. 5a to 5c and 12a to 12c. The placement device 80 comprises a tubular stand 81 and a shaft 82 arranged concentrically therein, pointing vertically upwards and equipped with a rotary drive (not shown in the drawing). Furthermore, a cantilever arm 83 projecting at right angles, axially rotatable, horizontally pivotable and / or telescopic is provided at the upper free end of the shaft 82 . A right-angled, axially rotatable and / or telescopic holding arm 84 extends from the free end of the cantilever arm 83 . At the free end of the holding arm 84 , a damping device 91 and a stapler 86 with an integrated staple magazine 87 are arranged. Furthermore, FIG. 24 schematically shows the positioning device 40 moved into the action area of the loading device 80 with the aid of the transport device 50 .

In Fig. 25 an embodiment of the mounting apparatus 80 is shown which, however, 30 refers to the connection of the support element with the Ge 05822 00070 552 001000280000000200012000285910571100040 0002019822786 00004 05703genständen 8 by means of coil wire 64 shown in FIGS. 6a to 6c and 13a to 13c. Again, the mounting apparatus 80 includes a tubular stator 81 and a concentrate is symmetrical arranged vertically upwardly facing, equipped with a drawing not dargestell th rotary drive shaft 82nd Furthermore, a cantilever arm 83 projecting at right angles, axially rotatable, horizontally pivotable and / or telescopic is provided at the upper free end of the shaft 82 . A right-angled, axially rotatable and / or telescopic holding arm 84 extends from the free end of the cantilever arm 83 . At the free end of the holding arm 84 , a damping device 91 and a coil wire device 88 with deflection device 66 as well as gripping and cutting device 67 according to FIGS. 6a to 6c and 13a to 13c are arranged. Furthermore, FIG. 24 schematically shows the positioning device 40 moved into the action area of the loading device 80 with the aid of the transport device 50 .

Fig. 26 relates to a portal-type damping device 91 for the Bestückungsvor devices 80 according to FIGS. 24 and 25. The damping device 91 comprises a crosshead 94 , from which downward-pointing legs 93 extend. Spring elements 92 are arranged in each of the legs 93 . The crosshead 94 is arranged at the free end of the holding arm 84 of the mounting device 80 . A push rod 95 , which extends from the holding arm 84 and is guided centrally by the crosshead 94 , ensures the transport of the clamps 61 of the staple device 86 or the coil wire 64 of the coil wire device 88 . The legs 93 equipped with springs 92 are supported on the raised edge regions between the receiving spaces 41 , 42 of the positioning device 40 during operation.

The required magazine devices 90 for the provision and donation of the Tragele elements 30 and the objects 8 to be loaded are not shown in detail in the drawings, but otherwise designed shaft or channel-shaped and equipped with a spring or piston drive. The robotics devices 70 , ie handling, manipulator or robot devices, are also not shown in detail in the drawings, but are otherwise equipped with up to six driven, telescopic and pivotable Ge articulated axles, which are used by pneumatic suction or gripping devices which are not shown and positioning the support elements 30 and the objects 8 in the positioning device 40 , removing the loaded support elements 30 from the positioning devices 40 , transporting the loaded support elements 30 to the loading racks 10 and fastening the loaded supporting elements 30 to the loading racks 10 and, if appropriate get the removal or singulation of the populated support elements 30 .

The invention has the advantage that time-consuming, monotonous manual work by maschi nelle robot work is replaced. According to the inventive method, the plants to carry out the method and the devices developed for this purpose single-layer, but above all multi-layer loading of loading racks with components th support elements reached. The multi-layer loading of loading racks leads to a significant increase in the throughput of objects to be treated.

The invention is also versatile for assembly work. The automati cal, computer-controlled, clocked assembly of used in galvanic plants Loading racks with metal or plastic objects, which are galvanic or  Electrochemical coating is the main field of application of the invention Another area of application of the teaching according to the invention relates to the loading pieces of loading racks for the surface preparation of inorganic and organic objects, preferably on cleaning and rinsing them ben, also on the surface treatment of inorganic and organic counter stands, preferably on coating with protective layers of lacquers, adhesives, Rubber, plastics and the like. Furthermore, for loading loading racks Heat treatment of metallic or metal-ceramic objects, preferably for Hardening or baking of inorganic and organic protective layers as well for surface or through hardening of the objects. The invention can also be used for automatic, computer-controlled, clocked loading of fermentation and foods to be smoked, in particular meat, sausage and fish were. These goods do not need openings to connect to the support elements, which must have holes alone; because in this application the Wa at a suitable location such as protruding skin or on a caudal fin pierced a wire approved for food.

Claims (45)

1. A method for equipping supporting elements with objects to be treated for loading racks, characterized in that supporting elements with objects to be treated are automatically, computer-controlled and clocked by means of wire and then attached to a loading frame who who. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Carrier elements with objects to be treated automatically, computer-controlled and clocked equipped with metal clips and then on locating pins of a Be loading frame by the side rails of the frame of the loading frame protrude evenly spaced, be attached. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that  Carrier elements with objects to be treated automatically, computer-controlled and clocked with coil wire and then on pins of a coating kungsrahmen, the same from the side rails of the frame of the loading frame protrude moderately spaced, be attached. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Carrier elements with objects to be treated automatically, computer-controlled and clocked by means of metal clips or coil wire to form a wire winding Game and then the loaded support elements on the mounting pins a loading frame, which is from the side rails of the frame of the loading area protrude evenly spaced, put on and secured on it. 5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the loaded support elements on the mounting pins of the loading frame, which by the side rails of the frame of a loading rack evenly spaced stand, automatically, computer-controlled and clocked put on in one layer and on it be saved.   6. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the loaded support elements on the mounting pins of the loading frame, which by the side rails of the frame of a loading rack evenly spaced stand, automatically, computer-controlled and clocked plugged on and in multiple layers be secured. 7. The method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the objects automatically, computer-controlled and clocked evenly spaced a support element positioned overlapping in corresponding receiving spaces and using metal clips or coil wire to form a wire winding with play be connected to the support element. 8. The method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that  the objects automatically, computer controlled and clocked evenly spaced positioned under a support element in an overlapping manner in corresponding receiving spaces and using metal clips or coil wire to form a wire wrap Play with the support element. 9. The method according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the objects automatically, computer controlled and clocked evenly spaced positio from a support element in corresponding receiving spaces without overlap nated and using metal clips or coil wire to form a wire winding be connected to the support element with play. 10. The method according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support elements on which the individual objects by means of metal clips or Coil wire attached with play to form a wire winding and on one layer short pins of loading racks are attached and secured, automatically, computer controlled and clocked fed to a galvanic bath treatment become.   11. The method according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the supporting elements, which are equipped with objects to be chemically treated as well multilayered on long locating pins using metal clips or coil wire attached to form a wire winding with play and multilayer on long up loading pins of loading racks are plugged in and secured, automatically, computer controlled and clocked a chemical bath treatment. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the carrying elements, which are equipped with chemically treated objects, have multiple layers the mounting pins of loading racks are attached and secured chemical bath treatment automatically, computer-controlled and clocked, attached and secured on short pins of loading racks as well as galvanic treatment. 13. The method according to claims 1 to 10 and 12 and 14, characterized in that  the objects to be treated, with which the support elements are equipped, at Single - layer fastening of the loaded support elements on the short mounting pins from Loading racks additionally by means of dowel pins extending from cross bars engage in openings of the objects to be treated, kept electrically conductive become. 14. The method according to claims 1 to 9 and 11 and 12, characterized in that the supporting elements, which are equipped with plastic objects, automatically computer-controlled and clocked in multiple layers on long feed pins frames plugged in and secured and sent to a chemical bath treatment become. 15. The method according to claims 1 to 10 and 12, characterized in that
the support elements, which are equipped with plastic or metal objects, are automatically attached, secured and clocked after the chemical bath treatment, computer-controlled and clocked on short pins on the loading racks,
the objects are held by means of holding pins, which start from holding bars of the loading racks, are electrically conductive, and
the loading racks with the loaded support elements are fed to the galvanic bathroom treatment. 16. The method according to claim 1 to 10 and 12 and 14, characterized in that
the supporting elements are automatically, computer-controlled and clocked with objects made of injection molding, preferably of magnesium alloys, in particular of aluminum-magnesium alloys and to be treated,
the loaded support elements for chemical bath treatment are automatically, computer-controlled and clocked in multiple layers on the loading racks with the long mounting pins and then attached
the assembled support elements for the galvanic bath treatment are automatically, computer controlled and clocked in one layer on the loading racks with the short mounting pins. 17. System for automatic, computer-controlled and clocked implementation of the method according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a positioning station ( 100 ), an assembly station ( 101 ) and a fastening station ( 102 ) are arranged at right angles. 18. System for automatic, computer-controlled and clocked implementation of the method according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a positioning station ( 100 ), an assembly station ( 101 ) and a fastening station ( 102 ) are arranged in rows. 19. System for automatic, computer-controlled and clocked implementation of the method according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a positioning station ( 100 ), an assembly station ( 101 ) and a fastening station ( 102 ) are arranged in a rectangular shape. 20. System for automatic, computer-controlled and clocked implementation of the method according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a positioning station ( 100 ), an assembly station ( 101 ) and a fastening station ( 102 ) are arranged in a circle. 21. Plant according to claims 17 to 20, characterized in that
the positioning station ( 100 ) has at least one positioning device ( 40 ) with at least one transport device ( 50 ),
the assembly station ( 101 ) has at least one assembly device ( 80 ) and
the fastening station ( 102 ) has at least one loading frame ( 10 ) with at least one swivel device ( 78 ) and
at least one robotics device ( 70 ),
at least one magazine device ( 90 ) and
comprises at least one sliding device ( 72 ). 22. Loading rack for objects to be treated, characterized in that a rectangular frame ( 11 ) is formed from an upper and a lower cross member ( 12 , 13 ) and end spars ( 14 , 15 ) arranged at the ends thereof, the upper cross member ( 12 ) have a suspension and contact device ( 16 ) and the side bars ( 14 , 15 ) equally spaced short or long locating pins ( 17 ). 23. Loading rack for objects to be treated, characterized in that a U-shaped frame ( 11 ) is formed from an upper cross member ( 12 ) and from the end side arranged side members ( 14 , 15 ), the upper cross member ( 12 ) being a suspension - And contact device ( 16 ) and the side rails ( 14 , 15 ) evenly spaced short or long locating pins ( 18 ). 24. Loading rack according to claims 22 and 23, characterized in that
a rectangular or U-shaped frame ( 11 ) is equipped with equally spaced holding bars ( 21 ),
the holding bars ( 21 ) are arranged parallel to the upper and lower cross bars ( 12 , 13 ) or to the upper cross bar ( 12 ) between the side bars ( 14 , 15 ) and
the holding bars ( 21 ) have holding pins ( 22 , 23 ) which are evenly spaced, preferably evenly spaced in pairs. 25. Supporting element for objects to be treated, characterized in that
one of the length of a cross bar ( 12 , 13 ) of a loading frame ( 10 ) corresponding to the main part ( 31 ) is provided,
a longitudinal side of the main part ( 31 ) has spaced apart projections ( 32 ) which form a spatial unit with the main part ( 31 ), and
the main part ( 31 ) and the projections ( 32 ) form a support element ( 30 ) for objects to be attached ( 8 ). 26. Supporting element according to claim 25, characterized in that
In each case in the end region of the main part ( 31 ) of the support element ( 30 ) a bore ( 33 ) is provided, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the receiving pins ( 17 , 18 ) of the loading frame ( 10 ), and
Uniformly spaced bores ( 34 , 35 , 36 ) are provided on the center line of the projections ( 32 ), which is perpendicular to the center line of the longitudinally extending main part ( 31 ). 27. Supporting element according to claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the projections ( 32 ) each have a conical end section ( 38 ). 28. Support element according to claims 24 to 27, characterized in that between the bores ( 33 , 34 ), which lie on the center line of the longitudinally extending main part ( 31 ), notched spacers ( 37 ) are provided. 29. Support element according to claims 24 to 28, characterized in that the support element ( 30 ) consists exclusively of the main part ( 31 ) in which the bores gene ( 33 , 34 ) and the notched spacers ( 37 ) are provided. 30. Device for automatic, computer-controlled and clocked positioning of support elements and objects to be treated, characterized in that
a positioning device ( 40 ) is provided, which consists of a cuboid, fla chen body in which a receiving space ( 41 ) for the support element ( 30 ) and there from spaced receiving spaces ( 42 ) for the objects to be treated ( 8 ) are easily seen , wherein the receiving space ( 41 ) via evenly spaced connecting grooves ( 43 ) is connected to the receiving spaces ( 42 ), and
A hard metal body ( 44 ), which has a longitudinal groove ( 45 ), is inserted in the bottom area of the connecting grooves ( 43 ). 31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that
the receiving space ( 41 ) and the connecting groove ( 43 ) of the positioning device ( 40 ) are dimensioned with little play slightly larger than the support element ( 30 ) to be positioned therein, which consists of the main part ( 31 ) and the projections ( 32 ), and
the receiving spaces ( 42 ) of the positioning device ( 40 ) are also dimensioned somewhat larger with little play than the objects ( 8 ) to be positioned therein. 32. Device according to claims 30 and 31, characterized in that the hard metal body ( 44 ) over the bottom region of the connecting grooves ( 43 ) into the bottom region of the main part ( 31 ) of the support element ( 30 ) and into the bottom areas extend respective receiving spaces ( 42 ). 33. Device according to claims 30 to 32, characterized in that in the bottom region of the main part ( 31 ) of the support element ( 30 ) te evenly spaced depressions ( 46 ) for notched spacers ( 37 ) of the support element ( 30 ) are easily seen. 34. Device according to claims 30 to 33, characterized in that
with overlapping positioning of a support element ( 30 ) with a predetermined number of objects ( 8 )
the receiving space ( 41 ) for the supporting element ( 30 ), which has or does not have protrusions ( 32 ), lies deeper than the receiving spaces ( 42 ) for the objects ( 8 ). 35. Device according to claims 30 to 33, characterized in that
with overlapping positioning of a support element ( 30 ) with a predetermined number of objects ( 8 )
the receiving space ( 41 ) for the support element ( 30 ), which has or does not have projections ( 32 ), is higher than the receiving spaces ( 42 ) for the objects ( 8 ). 36. Device according to claims 30 to 33, characterized in that
with spaced, overlap-free positioning of a support element ( 30 ) with a predetermined number of objects ( 8 )
the receiving space ( 41 ) for the support element ( 30 ), which has or does not have projections ( 32 ), is on the same level as the receiving spaces ( 42 ) for the objects ( 8 ). 37. Device for transporting the positioning device, characterized in that
a rectangular transport device ( 50 ) is provided which has a rectangular receiving plate ( 52 ) for receiving the positioning device ( 40 ),
the receiving plate ( 52 ) is spaced parallel on the underside and has two guide plates ( 53 ) with bores ( 54 )
one rail ( 55 ) each through the bores ( 54 ) of the two parallel spaced Füh guide tabs ( 53 ) and the end is connected to supports ( 56 ), which are again based on rectangularly arranged connecting bars ( 57 ),
a thrust piston drive ( 51 ) is arranged between the two rails ( 55 ) on a projection ( 59 ) with a support ( 56 ) on one side of the connecting bars ( 57 ), and
the rectangularly arranged connecting bars ( 57 ) are connected to the floor ( 97 ) via supports ( 58 ). 38. Device according to claim 37, characterized in that a transport device ( 50 ) is provided for each positioning device ( 40 ). 39. Apparatus according to claim 37, characterized in that a movable or pivotable through an angle transport device ( 50 ) is provided for several positioning devices ( 40 ). 40. Device for equipping a support element with objects, characterized in that
an assembly device ( 80 ) is provided, which has a tubular, stationary stand ( 81 ),
a rotatable shaft ( 82 ) is arranged concentrically in the tubular stand ( 81 ),
a cantilever arm ( 83 ) which is axially rotatable, horizontally pivotable and / or telescopic, is arranged at right angles at the upper end of the shaft ( 82 ),
a holding arm ( 84 ) which is axially rotatable and / or telescopic, is arranged at right angles at the free end of the cantilever arm ( 83 ), and
a damping device ( 91 ) and a tacker device ( 86 ) with an integrated clip magazine ( 87 ) are arranged at the free end of the holding arm ( 84 ). 41. Device for equipping a support element with objects, characterized in that
an assembly device ( 80 ) is provided, which has a tubular, stationary stand ( 81 ),
a rotatable shaft ( 82 ) is arranged concentrically in the tubular stand ( 81 ),
a cantilever arm ( 83 ) which is axially rotatable, horizontally pivotable and / or telescopic, is arranged at right angles at the upper end of the shaft ( 82 ),
a holding arm ( 84 ) which is axially rotatable and / or telescopic, is arranged at right angles at the free end of the cantilever arm ( 83 ), and
a damping device ( 91 ) and a coil wire device ( 88 ) with Umlenkein direction ( 66 ) and gripping and cutting device ( 67 ) is arranged at the free end of the holding arms ( 84 ). 42. Device according to claims 41 and 42, characterized in that
the damping device ( 91 ) comprises a crosshead ( 94 ), from which end-side legs ( 93 ) extend,
Spring elements ( 92 ) are arranged in the legs ( 93 ),
the crosshead ( 94 ) is arranged at the free end of the holding arm ( 84 ) of the mounting device ( 80 ),
a push rod ( 95 ), which extends from the holding arm ( 84 ) and is guided through the crosshead ( 94 ) in the center, is provided for the transport of the clamps ( 63 ) of the staple gun ( 86 ) or of the coil wire ( 64 ) of the coil wire device ( 88 ) is. 43. Apparatus for fitting loaded support elements to loading frames, characterized in that
a fitting device ( 72 ) is formed from a first sliding part 73 and a second sliding part ( 74 ),
the first sliding part ( 73 ) has vertically protruding, evenly spaced pins ( 75 ) on one side, each with elongated holes ( 77 ) arranged centrally between them, and
the second sliding part ( 74 ) on one side vertically projecting, evenly spaced Zap fen ( 76 ), which are flush through the slots ( 77 ) up to the height of the pin ( 75 ) of the first sliding part ( 73 ). 44. Apparatus according to claim 43, characterized in that the first sliding part ( 73 ) or the second sliding part ( 74 ) of the fitting device ( 72 ) is connected to guides ( 72 a) which are spaced uniformly over the length. 45. Device according to claims 43 and 44, characterized in that a pivoting device ( 78 ) with a U-shaped receptacle ( 78 a) for the foot part egg nes rectangular or a U-shaped loading frame ( 10 ) is provided, below U -shaped receptacle ( 78 a) a pivot axis ( 79 ) is arranged.