DE19817968A1 - Separation of plastic-rich waste rich in wet centrifuge - Google Patents

Separation of plastic-rich waste rich in wet centrifuge

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Publication number
DE19817968A1
DE19817968A1 DE1998117968 DE19817968A DE19817968A1 DE 19817968 A1 DE19817968 A1 DE 19817968A1 DE 1998117968 DE1998117968 DE 1998117968 DE 19817968 A DE19817968 A DE 19817968A DE 19817968 A1 DE19817968 A1 DE 19817968A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
separation
floating
plastic
sorting
sink
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1998117968
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Unkelbach
Jochen Neureither
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baker Hughes Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Baker Hughes Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baker Hughes Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Baker Hughes Deutschland GmbH
Priority to DE1998117968 priority Critical patent/DE19817968A1/en
Priority to BE9800888A priority patent/BE1013950A3/en
Publication of DE19817968A1 publication Critical patent/DE19817968A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/32—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/44—Application of particular media therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0203—Separating plastics from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
    • B29B2017/0244—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0286—Cleaning means used for separation
    • B29B2017/0289—Washing the materials in liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The mixed sheet fraction (10) is increased in bulk density by admixture of granulated and re-granulated plastic (19). With reference to the separation fluid (13), the granules have the same characteristics as the sheet. Preferred Features: Following partial to complete separation from floats or sinks, admixed granules are recirculated to the wet mechanical float/sink separation process (centrifugation). Sheet (22) is removed from floats and sinks leaving the centrifuge (16). It is separated by an air classifier (21). Following heating (23) it is e.g. extruded. Granules (25, 19) are partially or entirely recirculated. A dryer (20) precedes the air classifier.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur naßmechanischen Trennung/ Sortierung von kunststoffolienreichen Müllgemischen in Fraktionen unterschiedlicher Dichte in einer Trennflüssigkeit einer solchen Dichte, daß ein Schwimmgut und ein Sinkgut erhalten wird, insbesondere im Zentrifugalfeld einer Sortierzentrifuge.The invention relates to a method for wet mechanical separation / Sorting garbage mixtures rich in plastic films into fractions different density in a separation liquid of such Density that a float and a sink is obtained, especially in the centrifugal field of a sorting centrifuge.

Die Trennung/Sortierung von Kunststoffgemischen im Fliehkraftfeld einer Sortierzentrifuge ist z. B. aus der DE-A-196 06 415 bekannt. Dabei werden verschmutzte Altkunststoffgemische nach ihrer Zerkleinerung mit einer Trennflüssigkeit zu einer Suspension vermischt, die zunächst durch einen Hydrozyklon geleitet wird, aus dessen Unterlauf mineralische Verunreinigungen wie Sande etc. als Schwerstoffe abgezogen werden, während der Überlauf, nämlich das weitgehend von mineralischen Schwerstoffen befreite Kunststoffge­ misch mit der Trennflüssigkeit einer Sortierzentrifuge aufgegeben wird, in deren Zentrifugalfeld das Kunststoffgemisch in sehr kurzer Zeit und mit hoher Trennschärfe getrennt wird, nämlich in Leichtgut (Schwimmgut), das an einem Zentrifugenende ausgetragen wird, und in Schwergut (Sinkgut), das vermittels einer in der Sortierzentrifuge rotierenden Förderschnecke am anderen Zentrifugenende ausgetra­ gen wird. Bei Einsatz von Wasser liegt die Dichte der Trennflüssig­ keit bei 1 g/cm3. Dann kann je nach Zusammensetzung des Kunst­ stoffgemisches das Schwimmgut aus spezifisch leichteren Kunststof­ fen wie z. B. aus den Polyolefinen PE und/oder PP bestehen, während das Sinkgut aus spezifisch schwereren Kunststoffen wie z. B. PVC und/oder PET bestehen kann. Aus den sortenrein erhaltenen Recyclaten können dann in nachgeschalteten thermischen Verfahren wie Extrusion etc. Regranulate gewonnen werden, aus denen wiede­ rum sich neue Kunststoffprodukte wie z. B. Müllsäcke herstellen lassen.The separation / sorting of plastic mixtures in the centrifugal field of a sorting centrifuge is e.g. B. from DE-A-196 06 415 known. Here, contaminated waste plastic mixtures are mixed with a separating liquid after they have been crushed to form a suspension, which is first passed through a hydrocyclone, from the lower reaches of which mineral contaminants such as sands, etc. are removed as heavy substances, while the overflow, namely the plastic mixture largely freed from mineral heavy substances with the separating liquid of a sorting centrifuge, in the centrifugal field of which the plastic mixture is separated in a very short time and with high selectivity, namely in light goods (floating goods) that are discharged at one end of the centrifuge, and in heavy goods (sinking goods) that are conveyed by means of a Sorting centrifuge rotating screw conveyor at the other end of the centrifuge. When using water, the density of the separation liquid is 1 g / cm 3 . Then, depending on the composition of the plastic mixture, the floating material from specifically lighter plastics such. B. consist of the polyolefins PE and / or PP, while the desiccant from specifically heavier plastics such. B. PVC and / or PET can exist. Regranulates can then be obtained from the pure recyclates obtained in downstream thermal processes such as extrusion, etc., from which new plastic products such. B. Have garbage bags made.

Die Durchsatzleistung der Sortierzentrifuge ist von der Schüttdichte des eingesetzten zu trennenden Kunststoffgemisches abhängig. Beträgt die Schüttdichte des aus der vorgeschalteten Schneidmühle kommenden Kunststoffgemisches z. B. 100 g/l, kann die Durchsatzlei­ stung der Sortierzentrifuge z. B. 2000 kg/h betragen. Je höher der Anteil an Kunststoffolien im Müllgemisch ist, desto niedriger liegt dessen Schüttdichte. Die Schüttdichte üblicher, d. h. normal dicker zerkleinerter Kunststoffolien liegt nämlich nur bei ca. 30 g/l. Die Schüttdichte einer zerkleinerten Folienfraktion kann noch weiter absinken, z. B. auf etwa 10 g/l, wenn die Folienfraktion gar nur aus sog. Stretchfolien besteht, das sind besonders dünne Folien mei­ stens aus PE und/oder PP.The throughput of the sorting centrifuge depends on the bulk density depending on the plastic mixture to be separated. Is the bulk density of the upstream granulator upcoming plastic mixture z. B. 100 g / l, the throughput can the sorting centrifuge z. B. be 2000 kg / h. The higher the The proportion of plastic films in the waste mixture is the lower its bulk density. The bulk density more common, i.e. H. normally thicker shredded plastic film is only around 30 g / l. The Bulk density of a shredded film fraction can go even further to sink, e.g. B. to about 10 g / l, if the film fraction only from So-called stretch films exist, these are particularly thin films at least made of PE and / or PP.

Bei Einsatz folienreicher Kunststoffgemische oder nur von Kunststoffolien speziell Stretchfolien besteht das Problem, daß die Durchsatz­ leistung der Sortierzentrifuge so weit absinken kann, daß deren Betrieb unwirtschaftlich wird. Dieses Problem gilt für alle Schwimm- Sink-Sortieranlagen. So durfte bei Sortierzentrifugen der Anteil der in den zu trennenden Kunststoffgemischen enthaltenen Stretchfolien­ fraktion bisher nur bei maximal ca. 20% liegen; der Rest des Kunststoffgemisches mußte aus normalen dickeren Folien und/oder aus üblichen Kunststoffgranulaten bestehen. Hinzu kommt beim Einsatz stretchfolienreicher Gemische das Problem, daß sich die elektrostatischen Eigenschaften von Stretchfolien durch Anhaften an benachbarte Gegenstände besonders stark bemerkbar machen, d. h. das Handling der Stretchfolien ist schwierig, weil sie an allen Zerklei­ nerungsorganen, Schneidmessern, Paddeln, Rührern, Förderschnek­ ken etc. von selbst haften bzw. kleben bleiben und den Materialfluß behindern können.When using film-rich plastic mixtures or only plastic films Especially stretch films have the problem that the throughput performance of the sorting centrifuge can drop so far that its Operation becomes uneconomical. This problem applies to all swimming Sink sorting systems. In the case of sorting centrifuges, the proportion of in the stretch films contained in the plastic mixtures to be separated fraction have so far only been at a maximum of approx. 20%; the rest of the Plastic mixtures had to be made from normal thicker films and / or consist of conventional plastic granules. Added to this is the Use of mixtures rich in stretch film the problem that the electrostatic properties of stretch films by adhering to them make neighboring objects particularly noticeable, d. H. the handling of the stretch films is difficult because they are on all the pieces digestion organs, cutting knives, paddles, stirrers, conveyor blades  ken etc. stick and stick by themselves and the material flow can hinder.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die naßmechanische Trennung/Sortierung von Folienfraktionen insbesondere stretchfolien­ reichen Kunststoffgemischen nach dem Schwimm-Sink-Verfahren, insbesondere im Fliehkraftfeld einer Sortierzentrifuge, so zu gestal­ ten, daß die Durchsatzleistung wirtschaftlich bleibt.The invention has for its object the wet mechanical Separation / sorting of film fractions, especially stretch films sufficient plastic mixtures according to the swim-sink process, especially in the centrifugal field of a sorting centrifuge, so too that throughput remains economical.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Maßnahmen des Kenn­ zeichnungsteils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltun­ gen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved with the measures of the characteristic Drawing part of claim 1 solved. Advantageous design gene of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Würde man in einer Sortierzentrifuge, deren Durchsatzleistung bei der Trennung eines üblich zusammengesetzten Altkunststoffgemi­ sches bei z. B. etwa 2000 kg/h liegt, ausschließlich eine Fraktion aus Stretchfolien behandeln wollen, so kann dabei die Durchsatzleistung auf z. B. etwa 500 kg/h zurückgehen, wodurch die Wirtschaftlichkeit des Betriebes der Sortierzentrifuge in Frage gestellt wäre. Erfin­ dungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, daß zur naßmechanischen Trennung/Sortierung besonders stretchfolienreicher Fraktionen diesen ein Kunststoffgranulat und/oder Regranulat zugemischt wird einer solchen Dichte, die bezüglich der Trennflüssigkeit dieselben Eigenschaften hat wie die Kunststoffolien. Das gilt sowohl für das Schwimmgut als auch für das Sinkgut. Jedenfalls wird dadurch die Gemisch-Schüttdichte, die bei einer reinen Stretchfolienfraktion bei nur ca. 10 g/l liegen kann, so weit angehoben, daß die Durchsatzleistung der Sortierzentrifuge wieder in einen wirtschaftlichen Bereich gelangt.
D.h.: Besteht die vermischte Stretchfolienfraktion z. B. aus PE/PP und/oder PVC, so wird der zu trennenden Folienfraktion ein Granulat idealerweise aus PE/PP und/oder PVC zugemischt, das einerseits die Schüttdichte des Kunststoffgemisches wirkungsvoll steigert und das andererseits aus der Sortierzentrifuge zusammen mit dem Schwimmgut und/oder Sinkgut ausgetragen wird. Auch die Zumi­ schung von Granulat/Regranulat aus z. B. PET, gewonnen z. B. aus zerkleinerten PET-Flaschen mit einer Granulat-Schüttdichte von ca. 500 g/l, wäre möglich.Would you in a sorting centrifuge, whose throughput when separating a commonly composed Altkunststoffgemi cal at z. B. is about 2000 kg / h, want to treat only a fraction of stretch films, the throughput can be z. B. decrease about 500 kg / h, which would jeopardize the economics of operating the sorting centrifuge. Invention according to the invention it is proposed that a plastic granulate and / or regranulate is mixed with such a density for the mechanical separation / sorting of particularly stretch film-rich fractions that has the same properties with respect to the separating liquid as the plastic films. This applies to both the floating material and the sinking material. In any case, the mixture bulk density, which can be only about 10 g / l in a pure stretch film fraction, is increased so far that the throughput of the sorting centrifuge again comes into an economical range.
Ie: Is the mixed stretch film fraction z. B. from PE / PP and / or PVC, the film fraction to be separated is ideally mixed with a granulate of PE / PP and / or PVC, which on the one hand effectively increases the bulk density of the plastic mixture and on the other hand from the sorting centrifuge together with the float and / or sink material is discharged. The admixture of granules / regranulate from z. B. PET, z. B. from crushed PET bottles with a granular bulk density of about 500 g / l, would be possible.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung kann das zugemischte Kunststoffgranulat/Regranulat nach teilweiser bis vollständiger Abtrennung vom Schwimmgutaustrag bzw. Sinkgutaustrag wieder zur Schwimm-Sink-Trennung, d. h. zur Sortierzentrifuge rezirkuliert werden. Der nicht rezirkulierte Anteil des vom Zentrifugenaustrag abgetrennten Granulats kann wie die Folienfraktion einer nachgeschalteten thermischen Behandlung wie z. B. Extrusion zuge­ leitet werden, die aus der Folienfraktion ein Regranulat herstellt.According to a further feature of the invention, the admixed Plastic granulate / regranulate after partial to complete Separation from the floating material discharge or sinking material discharge again Float-sink separation, d. H. recirculated to the sorting centrifuge become. The non-recirculated portion of that from the centrifuge discharge separated granules can like a film fraction downstream thermal treatment such. B. extrusion be directed, which produces a regranulate from the film fraction.

Die Erfindung und deren weitere Merkmale und Vorteile werden anhand des in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungs­ beispieles näher erläutert.The invention and its further features and advantages will be based on the embodiment shown schematically in the drawing example explained in more detail.

Die Zeichnung zeigt das Fließbild des erfindungsgemäßen Verfah­ rens. Verschmutzte Folien aus den Kunststoffen PE und PP, sowie auch aus PVC, insbesondere verunreinigte Stretchfolien aus PE-LD und/oder PE-LLD werden nach ihrer Zerkleinerung in einer Schneid­ mühle auf kleiner etwa 10 mm als 1000 kg/h vermischte Folienfrak­ tion 10 in einem Behälter 11 in Trennflüssigkeit 12, 13 eingerührt, nämlich in Wasser suspendiert. Die Suspension wird über Leitung 14 mit Pumpe 15, ggf. nach Abtrennung mineralischer Verunreinigungen in einem Hydrozyklon, einer Sortierzentrifuge 16 aufgegeben, in der unter dem Einfluß des Fliehkraftfeldes die Kunststoffsortentrennung in spezifisch leichtes, die Kunststoffe PE und PP enthaltendes Schwimmgut 17 und in spezifisch schwereres den Kunststoff PVC enthaltendes Sinkgut 18 erfolgt. The drawing shows the flow diagram of the method according to the invention. Contaminated films made of the plastics PE and PP, as well as PVC, especially contaminated stretch films made of PE-LD and / or PE-LLD are mixed in a cutting mill to less than 10 mm than 1000 kg / h mixed film fraction 10 in a container 11 stirred in separation liquid 12 , 13 , namely suspended in water. The suspension is fed via line 14 with pump 15 , optionally after separating mineral impurities in a hydrocyclone, a sorting centrifuge 16 , in which, under the influence of the centrifugal force field, the separation of plastic types into specifically light floating material 17 containing plastics PE and PP and into heavier ones Sink material 18 containing plastic PVC takes place.

Um die an sich niedrige Schüttdichte der Folienfraktion 10 zu erhö­ hen, wird dieser im Ausführungsbeispiel ein frisches oder recyceltes Granulat/Regranulat 19 aus dem Kunststoff PE zugemischt, das aus der Sortierzentrifuge 16 zusammen mit dem Schwimmgut 17 wieder ausgetragen wird. Auf diese Weise wird die Durchsatzleistung der Sortierzentrifuge auf ein wirtschaftliches Niveau angehoben. Die Schwimmgutfraktion 17 kann in einem Trockner 20 getrocknet werden, damit in einem nachgeschalteten Windsichter 21 das in der Schwimmgutfraktion 17 enthaltene Folienmaterial 22 besser abge­ trennt werden kann. Während das sortenrein gewonnene saubere Fo­ lienmaterial 22 zur nachgeschalteten thermischen Behandlung wie Extrusion 23 zugeleitet wird, aus welcher der Folienanteil als wieder­ gewonnenes Recyclat/Regranulat 24 abgezogen wird, wird das aus dem Sichter 21 ferner abgezogene restliche Feststoffmaterial 25, nämlich das Granulat vollständig (oder teilweise) als Stoffstrom 19 zur Schwimm-Sink-Trenneinrichtung zwecks Erhöhung der Schütt­ dichte der zu sortierenden Folienfraktion 10 rezirkuliert. Die von der Zentrifuge 16 abgezogene Trennflüssigkeit 13 (Wasser) wird im Kreis­ lauf zum Anmaischbehälter 11 rezirkuliert.In order to increase the inherently low bulk density of the film fraction 10, in the exemplary embodiment, fresh or recycled granules / regranulates 19 made of the plastic PE are added, which are discharged from the sorting centrifuge 16 together with the floating material 17 . In this way, the throughput of the sorting centrifuge is raised to an economical level. The floating material fraction 17 can be dried in a dryer 20 so that the film material 22 contained in the floating material fraction 17 can be separated more easily in a downstream air classifier 21 . While the cleanly obtained foiled film material 22 is fed to the subsequent thermal treatment such as extrusion 23 , from which the film portion is withdrawn as recycled recycled material / regranulate 24 , the remaining solid material 25 removed from the classifier 21 , namely the granulate, is completely (or partially) as material flow 19 to the floating-sink separation device in order to increase the bulk density of the film fraction 10 to be sorted. The separating liquid 13 (water) drawn off from the centrifuge 16 is recirculated in a circuit to the mashing container 11 .

Zahlenbeispiel für Durchsatzleistungen für die verschiedenen Stoff­ ströme:
10: 1.000 kg/h
14: 2.000 kg/h
17: 1.900 kg/h
18: 100 kg/h
19: 1.000 kg/h
22, 24: 900 kg/h
25: 1.000 kg/h.Numerical example for throughput rates for the different material flows:
10: 1,000 kg / h
14: 2,000 kg / h
17: 1,900 kg / h
18: 100 kg / h
19: 1,000 kg / h
22, 24: 900 kg / h
25: 1,000 kg / h.

Ohne Anwendung der Erfindung, d. h. ohne Zumischung des Granu­ lats/Regranulats 19 könnte mit derselben Schwimm-Sink-Trennein­ richtung eine aufzubereitende Stretchfolien- Fraktion 10 nur mit einer Durchsatzleistung von ca. 500 kg/h (statt erfindungsgemäß 1.000 kg/h) bewältigt werden.Without application of the invention, ie without admixing the granulate / regranulate 19 , a stretch film fraction 10 to be prepared could only be managed with the same floating-sink-separating device with a throughput of approximately 500 kg / h (instead of 1,000 kg / h according to the invention) .

Erklärung der verwendeten Abkürzungen:
PE: Polyethylen
PP: Polypropylen
PE-LD: Polyethylen low density
PE-LLD: Polyethylen linear low density
PVC: Polyvinylchlorid
PET: Polyethylenterephthalat.Explanation of the abbreviations used:
PE: polyethylene
PP: polypropylene
PE-LD: polyethylene low density
PE-LLD: Polyethylene linear low density
PVC: polyvinyl chloride
PET: polyethylene terephthalate.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zur naßmechanischen Trennung/Sortierung von kunststoffolienreichen Müllgemischen in Fraktionen unterschied­ licher Dichte in einer Trennflüssigkeit einer solchen Dichte, daß ein Schwimmgut und ein Sinkgut erhalten wird, insbesondere im Zentrifugalfeld einer Sortierzentrifuge, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß der durch die Schwimm-Sink-Trennung zu behandelnden vermischten Folienfraktion (10) zur Erhöhung von deren Schüttdichte ein Kunststoffgranulat und/oder Regranulat (19) einer solchen Dichte zugemischt wird, die bezüglich der Trennflüssigkeit (13) dieselben Eigenschaften hat wie die Kunststoffolien.1. Process for the wet mechanical separation / sorting of garbage mixtures rich in plastic films in fractions of different density in a separating liquid of such a density that a floating material and a sinking material are obtained, in particular in the centrifugal field of a sorting centrifuge, characterized in that the by the floating-sinking Separation to be treated mixed film fraction ( 10 ) to increase the bulk density of a plastic granulate and / or regranulate ( 19 ) is admixed with a density that has the same properties with regard to the separation liquid ( 13 ) as the plastic films. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zugemischte Kunststoffgranulat (19) nach teilweiser bis vollstän­ diger Abtrennung vom Schwimmgutaustrag (17) bzw. Sinkgutaus­ trag zur naßmechanischen Schwimm-Sink-Trennung im Kreis­ lauf rezirkuliert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the admixed plastic granules ( 19 ) after partial to complete separation from the floating material discharge ( 17 ) or Sinkgutaus contract for wet mechanical swimming-sink separation is recirculated in the circuit. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Folienmaterial (22), das in dem von der Schwimm-Sink- Anlage insbesondere Sortierzentrifuge (16) abgezogenen Schwimmgut bzw. Sinkgut enthalten ist, in einem Windsichter (21) abgetrennt und einer nachgeschalteten thermischen Behand­ lung (23) wie Extrusion zugeleitet wird, während das Granulat (25, 19) zum Teil oder vollständig zur Schwimm-Sink-Trennung rezirkuliert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the film material ( 22 ), which is contained in the from the floating-sink system in particular sorting centrifuge ( 16 ) withdrawn floating or sinking, separated in a wind sifter ( 21 ) and a downstream thermal treatment ( 23 ) such as extrusion is fed in, while the granules ( 25 , 19 ) are partially or completely recirculated for floating-sink separation. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Windsichter (21) ein Trockner (20) zum Trocknen des die Kunststoffolien aufweisenden Schwimmgutaustrages (17) bzw. Sink­ gutaustrages der Sortierzentrifuge (16) vorgeschaltet ist.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the air classifier ( 21 ) is preceded by a dryer ( 20 ) for drying the floating material discharge ( 17 ) or sink material discharge of the sorting centrifuge ( 16 ).
DE1998117968 1998-04-22 1998-04-22 Separation of plastic-rich waste rich in wet centrifuge Withdrawn DE19817968A1 (en)

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DE1998117968 DE19817968A1 (en) 1998-04-22 1998-04-22 Separation of plastic-rich waste rich in wet centrifuge
BE9800888A BE1013950A3 (en) 1998-04-22 1998-12-10 PROCESS FOR TREATING MIXTURES OF WASTE RICH IN PLASTIC SHEETS.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4103377A4 (en) * 2020-02-10 2024-03-06 Eastman Chemical Company Waste plastic density separation
AT526713A1 (en) * 2022-11-29 2024-06-15 Montanuniv Leoben Continuous separation of a plastic mixture

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19606415A1 (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-28 Deutz Ag Effective plastic sorting

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4103377A4 (en) * 2020-02-10 2024-03-06 Eastman Chemical Company Waste plastic density separation
AT526713A1 (en) * 2022-11-29 2024-06-15 Montanuniv Leoben Continuous separation of a plastic mixture

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