DE19811275A1 - Process and assembly to extract potable water from moist desert air - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly produces drinking water by extracting moisture from desert air with a relative humidity in the range of approximately 18 to 20 % using regenerative energy. Ambient air is drawn in by convection (4) and mixed with mineral particles (5) before discharge to a cooling passage, where the water vapor condenses forming fine droplets on the cooling surfaces (21). It remains there as frost or ice. The assembly has two parallel cooling passages, each operating alternately as a cooling channel and as a thawing channel releasing water droplets into a collector tray (10). A time control unit reverses the operation of the two passages at intervals and the air inlet (8). The time control unit is operated in accordance with the available chilling capacity.

Description

It is known that those in the air (also in the Desert air) contains moisture as water Can be separated (New Scientist, May 25, 1978). All conventional water separation systems are limited to that water in the air (condensation water) as dissipate unwanted by-product (Linde air separation plants, Air conditioners etc.).

The water contained in the ambient air (Steam) is pure, i.e. H. in the distilled state and therefore inedible for humans and animals. Mostly are in the from the different techn. Processed water-related plant Impurities that can hardly be removed are.

The invention specified according to claim is based on the following problems:

• 1. To mineralize the water (steam), too Condensing as well as a pollutant ng to exclude it for humans to make animals edible and
• 2. Removal of the condensate by using the inertia in two different ways:
  a) Gravity method
  b) centrifugal force method.

This task is carried out in the further description explained features (Embodiment) solved.

The advantages achieved with the invention exist especially in making water the main product and in edible condition using solar energy  gie from the ambient air (mainly in Deserts).

The entire construction fulfills this beyond the desert suitability requirement speed. The function of the system is not dur ch Penetration of sand or sand dust impaired.  

The air is supplied by heat convection on the solar heat catcher.

The solar heat catcher is made of black nickel, so that not for the heat convection agile temperature can be generated. The Black nickel is electrolytically processed on a fitting with a separating layer (cathode, Mi nuspol) and then as a solid (Galvano) removed. With this galvano leaves a difference in temperature when exposed to sunlight of 20 K to the ambient temperature At the same time there is one for the current very favorable surface roughness from to to 0.05 µm. To further increase the temperature from min. Generating 10 K is the heat of the sun catch a polycarbonate dome with a glass top surface put on. The air gap results from the necessary flow volume and the Flow velocity. The increase in temperature takes place in that the short-wave solar radiation can penetrate unaffected through the dome. At the It is absorbed by the heat catcher, part of the heat and heat radiation, however, is becoming increasingly long wavy radiation from the heat trap enter, but then from the dome (the polycarbonate layer) no longer let out. So that's a much of the originally short-wave radiation in the space between the dome and heat sink to catch. This increases the temperature on the heat start further. Now the air particles on the hot outer surface of the heat trap by Be stirring warmed. They expand, the density decreases and there is an upward lift on. It uses a buoyancy flow in which the Energy carried by heat conduction becomes (convection). Through this flow process are always new air particles from below soaked to the body surface of the heat catcher gers introduced and thus the temperature gradient permanently effective at the transition surface (Behar temperature).

If the temperature at the surface of the heat trap is 30 K higher than the ambient temperature, the contact heat A results in the time t after the following:
Qü = αA (Δδ) t; α = heat transfer coefficient at flow speeds up to max. 10 m / s 55 W / m ² KA = surface 1/4 sphere at ∅ 1 m, guarantees radiation absorption at every angle of sunshine (facing south of the equator to the north).
Qü = 55 W / m ² K.0.785 m ^2. (30 K) .1 sec Qü = 1295.25 J. When the air is heated, it expands - the water vapor content is distributed over a larger amount of air. Volume expansion of the air after heating from 20 ° C to 50 ° C. V ₁ / T ₁ = V ₂ / T ₂ → V ₂ = (V ₁ .T ₂ ) / T ₁ ; V ₂ = (1 m ³ .323 K) / 293 K = 1.102 m ³ . Air flow required for 100 liters of water / day: 1.26 m ³ /sec.1.102 = 1.3885 m ³ / sec.
Enthalpy H = internal energy U
+ Pressure energy (mp) / ρ
+ kin. Energy (m / 2) .θ ²
+ Pot. energy mgh

The enthalpy H in the heat balance can be Q be equated.

Mass m for 1 m ³ air at 50 ° C = (P ₁ .V ₁ ) / (Ri.T ₁ ) = (1.10 ⁵ N / m ² .1 m ³ ) / (287 Nm / Kg.K.323 K ) = 1.07 kg.

At the heat trap, 0.31 m ^{3 of} air is heated (volume between dome and galvano) = 0.33 Kg. With Qü = m / 2.θ ² , the air velocity is 2.8 m / s.

However, since the thermal energy is not completely in Kinetic energy is transferred and that Temperature level not constant throughout the day is, according to experimental determination with a average flow velocity calculated from 2 m / s.

To increase the air flow and thus the Water yield can also be a solar operation a fan upstream.  

In order to be able to produce 100 liters of water a day, 45,454.5 m ^{3 of} air with 2.2 grams of exudation water each are required. When heated, this is 50,000 m ^{3 of} air.

For a given size of 0.25 m between heat trap and dome, the flow rate v is:
Flow v =
Ac = 0.5 m ² .2 m / s = 1.0 m ³ / s <1.388 m ³ / s, 36000 m ³ warm air is drawn in in 10 hours, which is the equivalent of 32666.4 m ³ unheated intake air.

Water gain here: 1 / 1,388,100 = 72% = 72 liters Water harvest on the worst day.

In 9 hours 32400 m ^{3 of} warm air = 29399.76 m ^{3 of} unheated intake air with a sweat quantity in the best case of 16.9 grams / m ³ = 496.8 liters of water gain on the cheapest day.

This results in the minimum size of the built water containers. - Even at half Air flow is the daily water gain in Course of the year between 36 and 248 liters.

After the air is the top of the heat leaves the flow cross-section reduced by a profile by 1/5. So that increases the flow velocity, the Continuity condition.

However, the profile shape creates suction up.

Suction condition: Fa = Ca.Aq/2.v ² ;
Ca = profile shape, angle of attack; A = face;

q / 2 = air density (kin. energy)
v = flow velocity the air (each m ^{3 of} the incoming air)

In the middle of the profile there is a hole from which a finely powdered mixture is sucked in. This mixture of substances has two functions in one:

• 1. Condensation core admixture and
• 2. Mineralization of the pure in the air contained water (distillate).

Non-mineralized, pure water is inedible. The mixture of substances consists of calcium u. Magnesium compounds.

The hole in the profile is adjusted so that 1 gram of mineral dust is mixed in 525 m ^{3 of} air. Time for sucking in one gram = 6.3 min; = 0.158 grams / min = 0.0026 grams / sec. This results in the grain.

The desired mineral dust concentration is through a flickering linen fabric (Atomizing membrane).

An attached baffle plate as an induced Resistance forces the feeding of the Mineral dust in the hole. On whose At the top, the flow becomes a bore led outwards in profile and on the underside. The mineral dust is more even (Laminar) beam around the edge.

After the minerals have drilled out of the hole When they enter the air duct, they mix with the heated flowing air. Deflagrations and Dust pops do not occur, however, since Ignition spark (charge balance at a best. Field strength) caused by electrostatic charge of the flowing medium can arise through the frame embedded in the ground is continuously derived (grounding). Also one possible is exothermic reaction Cross-sectional expansion (heat extraction) in the Karman vortex street prevented. The Karman's vortex street is one Cross-sectional expansion downwards by 20 °. A Mixing of all air layers with minerals is thus ensured.

Evidence of turbulent flow in the vortex street:
Re <Re _crit (2320)
Re = (vdρ) / η → Re
= (2m / s.0.349 m.1.06 Kg / m ³ ) / (19.6.10 ^-6 Ns / m ³ ),
= 37748.97 <2320; thus there is turbulent flow.
v = air flow velocity m / s; d = comparison cross-section length, (distance from the base of the profile to the top of the duct), η = dyn. Air toughness in Ns / m ³ . The air flow flap (item 8 ) closes the LH Auschwitz Canal in start mode. The RH Auschwitz Canal is opened u. the air flows in. There is a temperature of -20 ° C. The air is saturated with moisture at this temperature. The dew point water vapor quantity difference forms the finest haze at the condensation cores. Fog. This hits the cooled-down canal walls, sinks downwards at a 45 ° angle (gravity method) and at the latest remains there as frost on the walls. The 3 mm gap between the walls "freezes over", a temperature of frost collecting basin is created. - Auschwitz (cool) duct accordion arrangement, guarantees full contact between cooling surface and incoming air. Max. Ice volume per channel: 212.4 dm ³ ice = 191.16 liters of water (water anomaly). Max. Ice volume in 2 hours = 121.44 dm ³ ice. - The air flow can no longer leave the air duct downwards and must follow this. There are grid meshes at the end of the duct. (P. 11 ), the crystal or moisture particles entrained by the current. The cooled and dehumidified air now flows into the water separator. This is necessary because the cooling channel energy is only available for an average. Water production of 100 L / day is sufficient. Depending on the season and Air temperature, however, may contain higher amounts of moisture in the air. In the water separator, the air is fed into a spiral wound hose and thus set in rotation. The heavy moisture particles are thrown outwards (acceleration force acts in the tangential direction, centrifugal force method), collected in the collector by heavy force and discharged. The separation force increases with the square of the number of revolutions. The centrifugal principle is implemented here with rigid, immovable components, while the air itself is the rotor - in the case of movable components, the desert sand or dust carried along would damage or block the system. After a period of 2 h, 7200 m ^{3 of} warm air (6533.28 m ^{3 of} aspirated air) were swept along in the cooling duct. In the worst case with an exudation volume of 14.4 L water; in the cheap. Case with a sweat volume of 110.4 L of water. The built-in timer now controls the changeover valves. The RH cooling channel is e.g. Heat emitter. The 14.4 liters of water, i.e. frozen in the form of frost, melt and drip over the 3 mm gap in the water funnel. The coefficient of thermal expansion. α of the plate material was used during construction. Closing the drip tray by thermal expansion. the plate thus does not occur. Verification: ΔI = l ₁ α.Δδ = 500 mm. 23.5.10 ^-6 .30 K = ΔI = 0.35 mm → io Al plate evaporator (cooling surfaces) Production: The channel guide for the evaporating refrigerant is screen printed with a release agent containing graphite applied to Al boards. Then 2 blanks are rolled together. Heat is generated, which leads to homogeneous welding. Where the channel guide was printed, there is no met. Verbdg. If then by e. Mouthpiece compressed air of 200 bar is introduced, the channels widen to the pre. Limitation to. Plate evaporator (16 pieces each). By switching to Taumod. cooling mode begins for the RH channel for the LH channel. During the RH channel is defrosted by d. Air inlet for the inflow. Air blocked by the heat trap. The air now enters the LH duct, which is now in cooling mode. is working. In the start mod. was the LH duct heat transmitter. The derivative here is d. ensures a copper bar, because b. Start there is no ice on the plates. Every 2 h is from freeze to dew. alternately switched; the flow path d. Refrigerant by switching d. Valves vice versa. Ice collects in one channel of ice for 2 hours while the other is being defrosted. Then they swap roles.

Show it:

Fig. 1 logic plan d. Timer; are. Kippschltg. (RS flip-flop) 4 a u. 4 b increase dev. 2 hours of electricity. E1 comes vd solar power box u. is always on. Parallel m. Power supply d. Compressor. Reset is dominant.

Fig. 2 circuit diagram of the timer; can a. electronic with transistors become. 4 a u. 4 b are switching valves.

The necessary amount of defrosting heat after 2 hours of frosting results for each assembly (half cooling and defrosting channel) as follows: The system should, if it is present in the air, be able to extract 100 L of water from the air per day. In 2 hours = 20 liters → Anomaly of the water: 10% volume expansion follows when changing into ice. In 2 hours = 22 dm ³ ice, since two systems are installed: 10 liters of water per system (11 dm ³ ice).

• 1. In order to melt 11 dm ³ ice, the system requires:
  Q ₁ = mc (ϑ _s - ϑ)
  = 10 Kg. 2052 J / KgK. (273 K - 253 K)
  = 410.4 KJ.
• 2. In order to convert the ice into a liquid state at a constant temperature, each kg of ice 3.35.10 ⁵ J / kg of melting heat must be supplied: Q = Q ₁ + mqs
  = 410.4 KJ + (10 Kg.3.35.10 ⁵ J / Kg)
  = 3350.4 KJ.

Defrosting heat required per system for 2-hour operation: 3350.4 KJ. Conversely, this energy is necessary for ice formation (100 liters of water per day). This amount of water can only be obtained at -20 ° C! In order to achieve this cold work, a substance is used that has the property of extracting or supplying heat to the environment with targeted overpressure and underpressure treatment, hereinafter referred to as refrigerant. To generate refrigeration, the refrigerant must be evaporated under vacuum. The mass of the refrigerant results from the required refrigeration work divided by the amount of heat that the refrigerant with a mass of 1 kg can bind at -20 ° C.
Mass of the refrigerant = mk = Q / (h ₃ - h ₁ )
= 3350.4 KJ / (159.61 KJ / Kg)
= 21 kg + 11% reserve = 23.5 kg.

Refrigerant R 502 (or equivalent) used with the following properties at -20 ° C evaporation temp. u. 0 ° C condensation temp .:
Enthalpy h ' _liquid = 178.15 KJ / Kg;
h '' _steam = 337.76 KJ / Kg;
Heat of vaporization r = 159.61 KJ / Kg; at 2.91 bar;
volumetr. Cold gain qo = 2316.8 KJ / m ³ ;
v ' _liquid = 0.716 l / kg; v '' _steam = 59.46 l / kg;
ρ ' _liquid = 1.396 kg / l; ρ '' _steam = 16.818 Kg / m ³ .

The mass of 23.5 kg of refrigerant is required for the 2-hour frost collecting operation per system, = 11.75 kg / hour. = 0.196 kg / min. The gaseous volume is sucked in by the compressor.
V '' _gas = (11.75 Kg / h) / (16.818 Kg / m ³ )
= 0.699 = 0.7 m ³ / hour. Intake volume flow. Losses due to pipe friction 10% = 0.63 m ³ / hour.
= 10.5 dm ³ / min
V ' _liquid = (11.75 Kg / h) / (1.396 Kg / l) = 8.42 L / h. = 0.14 l / min.

Specified minimum speed in suction lines for R 502 = 7 m / s.
Pipe diameter d =?
A = V '' _Gas / v = (0.63 m ^3/3600 seconds) / (7 m / sec)
= 0.000025 m ² → A = (d ² .π) / 4 → d
= √ (4A) / π → d _min = 5.6 mm.

d selected _inside for suction line = 12 mm, in order to maintain the required minimum diameter and to minimize throttling losses. (Seamless flow steel pipes DIN 2448). Performance data for the compressor: The general performance analysis for all compressor types can be done without considering the kinetic and the potential energy change of the working medium. Also the heat storage of the housing or possible. Pulsations of the flow can be neglected. The general power P to be supplied to the compressor thus results from:
P _zu = Kg / sec (h ₂ - h ₁ ) + Q _ab or
P _zu = Kg / sec (h ₁ - h ₃ ) = (0.003 Kg / sec). (- 159.61 KJ)
= 0.47 KW. The separating hood compressor (Frigopol), which is positively considered here, has a power requirement of P = 0.37 KW, type 50 R 502-33 at n = 1450 min ^-1 .

Cooling duct (plate evaporator) Hot gas exchange device: Every 2 hours, the flow path is reversed by switching valves 4 a and 4 b. If the valve 4 b is de-energized, a direct connection between the compressor 6 and the plate evaporator 3 b is established. There ( 3 b) the compressed and hot gas cools down (condenser → heat emission). It flows over 2 b through cylinder 7 and thus sets the air flap so that the air gets into the RH cooling duct. Then the refrigerant continues to flow over 1 a and relaxes in the plate evaporator 3 a (evaporator → heat removal), cooling mode. From there it flows into the accumulator 5 . When switching the current through the timer, the direction of flow is reversed: from 4 a to 3 a, 2 a, 7 , 1 b, 3 b and 5 .

6 a is a safety valve so that the lines do not burst, there is no resonance and the system does not "go through" if the timer should fail. 4 a and 4 b are arranged so that no circuit operation takes place in the event of a power failure. - The condenser would overheat, the evaporator would finally form a lot of ice → resonance, bursting of the system. In the event of a power failure → pressure increase → safety valve responds. So that this case can not occur, the power supply of the compressor and timer is net angeord in parallel. So if the power fails, the compressor and changeover valves are inoperative at the same time. Both changeover valves let the remaining pressure pass, pressure peaks are discharged through the safety valve. The system is therefore depressurized when de-energized (in active).

Show it:

Fig. 3 hydraulic circuit diagram of Appendix 1,

Fig. 4 Hydraulic circuit diagram system 2.

Heat sink in the LH channel for the start mode:
Cu: a = 100 mm, b = 2500 mm,
A = 25.10 ⁴ mm ² , s = 1 mm;
Q = λ.A / s. (Θ ₁ - ϑ ₂ ) .t
= 407.1 W / mk. (0.25 / 0.001) .30 K.60 sec
= Q _derivative = 1831.95.10 ⁵ J = 183 195 KJ.

Overheating in start mode is therefore excluded. The baffle is attached 9 mm from the heat radiation surface of the plate evaporator. In start mode, the temperature rises because there is no ice to be defrosted. The heat only reaches the heat dissipation plate from the intermediate air above a certain high value, only then is the heat dissipated. In the defrost mode, the heat generated on the plate is converted into melt energy by the ice. The heat dissipation plate is now no longer reached by the plate heat, the distance is too large for the now lower radiant heat. This keeps the heat from defrosting in the melting process. The melted water runs through the funnel into the water collecting tank. The funnel serves as protection against surface evaporation (shielding against unsaturated dry air.). The capacity d. integrated water container is 2880 L water, a level indicator enables the performance control of the system. A line leads to the water withdrawal, on which a ceramic filter with silver elements can be connected to eliminate pathogens. The power required for hot gas exchange switching is taken from the solar power source. The solar power source must therefore cover the power requirement of 2 compressors plus drive motor, two changeover valves, the timer and the solar power controller. Solar power system: full solar radiation provides a power of P = 1 KW / m ² surface (Max Power Point). Type M4 monocrystalline solar cells deliver ² areas P = 1 watt (19 V) at the Max Power Point and 10065 mm each. For 1 KW there is an area of 10.065 m ² (5 m long, 2 m br.). The solar cells are located on a printed circuit board, which is hermetically sealed and thus tropical-proof between two glass plates. Connected to the power controller via cables. In a horizontal position, the solar panel is firmly tapped on the top of the system. This means that it can absorb the radiation available for the entire sunny day in all seasons. With the morning At sunrise the system is powered u. it produces drinking water until sunset.

Show it:

Fig. 5 overall drawing (dimensioned); Front view and top view each in section.

Fig. 6 overall drawing in three views; according to ISO method 1 (European), editing: AB, CD, EF.

Plant - use - impact assessment

The water extracted from the air is self-contained need / private enterprise for the production of Glie used the food chain, an industri The construction does not permit full use. In order to the total amount of moisture stays in one certain space constant. The won Water is stored organically (humans, animals, Plant), warmed and delayed by swi finally (perspiration), evaporation etc. released again. Some organic set humidity, however, leaves because of the export of irrigation products the space, since in the trade also in Whenever goods are imported, this aspect is as elsewhere, irrelevant. From the humidity direct insects and plants only in a narrow stretch of coast Namib before. They live in there occasionally moving coastal fog, but not from the actual Lichen humidity, so that no "food competition ". The replenishment of air humidity activity in the deserts (along the tropics) due to the downward flowing earth movement Air masses ensured. Origin of these airmas are the oceans of the world, where they continually take Evaporative moisture. A moisture end thus deficit to the detriment of the surrounding nature occurs not in the area of the facility, it will instead a usable and above all permanent moist created source. This source of moisture is to be equated with its meaning with the dew ponds occasionally found in the desert and oases. There are negative long-term effects has not yet appeared, so with this Plant an environmentally friendly and inexhaustible Value creation potential is created.  

Basic meteorological data

This machine is matched to the im Most unfavorable humidity levels during the year the driest deserts on earth.

Humidity is a function of temperature. With the same humidity percentages, warmer air always contains more water vapor per m ^{3 of} air than the colder one.

The most unfavorable values for water extraction arise in the southwest. Kalahari.

For the station Windhoek / Namibia location 22 ° 34 'S / 17 ° 06' E, height above sea level 1728 m there are:

• 1. Minimum values:
  T = 20 ° C, 18% rel. Air humidity, at 10 hours of sunshine per day, 3.1 gr. Water / m ³ air, dew point: -5 ° C → frost (July (August).
• 2. Maximum values:
  T = 34 ° C, 51% rel. Humidity, at 9 hours of sunshine per day, 17.8 gr. Water / m ³ air, dew point: + 20 ° C → dew (February / March).

The water can be extracted from the air by converting it from the gaseous to the liquid state (exudation). This is done by cooling (condensation). The amount of water obtained when cooling to the dew point results from the difference between the amount of water vapor available at a given temperature and the amount of dew point water vapor.

Dew point τ =
(234 log e - 184.2) / (8.233 - log e)
Ref .: dew point =
Temp. At 100% saturation. From this temp. The exudation of water begins.
Vapor pressure e =
(rel.humidity in% .E) / 100
Max vapor pressure E at opposite temperature =
6.09.10 ^{(7.5 temp. In ° C) / (237.3 + temp. In ° C)} .

To get as much water from the air as possible To be able to win must be a very small one Saturation level can be brought about.

At -20 ° C there is a saturation of 0.9 grams of water vapor / m ^{3 of} air, excess moisture is exuded.
Requirement:
While the minimum values prevail, 100 liters of water should be obtained a day.
Required air:
1.10 ⁵ grams of water / 2.2 gr. Ejection of water per m ³ air = 45454.5 m ³ in 10 h.

The necessary air flow is 1.2626 m ³ / sec.

Reference list Fig. 3 and Fig. 4

(

1

a and

1

b) thermostatic expansion valves,
(

2nd

a and

2nd

b) check valves,
(

3rd

a and

3rd

b) plate evaporator,
(

4th

a and

4th

b) 3/2 way valves (changeover valves),
(

5

) Accumulator,
(

6

) Compressor,
(

6

a) safety valve,
(

7

) Actuating cylinder for air inlet flap
Refrigerant:
R 502 or equivalent

Fig. 6

1

Frame,

2nd

Proboscis,

3rd

Dome,

4th

Heat trap,

5

Mineral deposit,

6

Profile,

7

Actuating cylinder,

8th

Air inlet flap,

9

Hydraulic assembly

1

,

10th

Water catcher,

11

Catch mesh,

12th

Hydraulic assembly

2nd

,

13

Solar cell panel,

14

Water leakage,

15

Water separator,

16

Cold air outlet,

17th

Heat sink,

18th

Barbed wire mesh,

19th

Mud flaps,

20th

Air intake,

21

Plate evaporator,

22

Wall plates,

23

Water container,

24th

Insulating wall,

26

Level indicator.

Claims (20)

1. A process for the production of drinking water from the air humidity by sub-dew point cooling, characterized in that air is sucked in by the heat of the sun (convection), the flow of the air causing an automatic mineralization by suction with simultaneous function utilization of the added minerals as condensation nuclei. 2. Procedure for the production of drinking water from the Air humidity according to claim 1, characterized, that the mineralized humidity on a brought exactly determined dew point temperature and by using inertia due to condensation on two distinctive possible ways as water is purified.   3. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a star res three-part frame (item 1 ) is designed to hold the system components, which consists of a base plate with welded front panels and is welded to square tubes and additionally has screwable connection points. 4. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a proboscis (pos. 2 ) causes a flow supply wherein the proboscis consists of a plastic film; attached by means of pipe clamps and pressure plate. 5. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a translucent rigid dome (item 3 ), which has a rounded (spherical) shape, produces a greenhouse effect. 6. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a selectively coated heat trap (item 4 ) receives the translucent heat radiation and has a parallel contour to (item 3 ). 7. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a mineral depot (item 5 ) provides a precisely measured mineral dust concentration for suction. It consists of a slide-in compartment with a semipermeable membrane and hose connection as well as a slide-in cassette with perforated sieve and atomizing linen fabric. 8. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a profile (item 6 ) by continuity u. Buoyancy conditions cause a suction where the mineral dust provided gets into the air flow. The profile consists of a precisely calculated curvature and is extended by 20 ° downwards, which ensures that all air layers are mixed with mineral dust (vortex street). 9. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a refrigeration-actuated actuating cylinder (item 7 ), double-acting and with end damping gland, actuates an air inlet flap. 10. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that an air inlet flap (item 8 ) directs the inflowing air. You best. from hot-dip galvanized Sheet metal, one-sided o. And u. executed with hinge pin. 11. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic assembly (pos. 9 and 12 ), which is designed for refrigeration and consists of two single systems ( Fig. 3 and 4), a Be operating circuit (hot gas exchange). enables. 12. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a funnel (pos. 10 ) rises the defrost, made rectangular with drain pipe. 13. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that catch stitches (item 11 ) are installed at the channel end, which are made of rust-proof. Mesh exist and have a precisely defined mesh size. 14. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a solar cell plate (item 13 ) is attached to the top of the system, which is equipped with a power controller and timer ( Fig. 1 and 2). The solar cells supply the electricity for the compressors of the hydraulic assembly. 15. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a water separator (pos. 15 ) in the air contains moisture particles by derma loosening. The water separator consists of spirally wound hoses and a sieve funnel at the head end (collector). 16. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that an angled Cu flat profile (item 17 ) serves as a heat sink for the start mode. 17. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a barbed grille (item 18 ), with 2 mm wire 15 cm mesh and 10 cm spikes executed on the air intake shaft (item 20 ) is attached to prevent undesirable side effects ( Bird nesting of stones, branches, etc.). 18. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate evaporators of the cooling channels (pos. 21 ) each consist of two rolled-together Al-Plati with inserted channel guide and serve as a contact surface / collecting basin. 19. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall plates (item 22 ) and the insulating wall (item 24 ) are hollow, these being filled with insulating material. 20. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a level indicator (item. 26 ) shows the respective water level in the collecting container. This indicator is designed with two ineinan dersteckender float strips, such that neither canting nor sucking up occurs.